EP2133654A2 - Process and device for controlling the effect of a warhead - Google Patents

Process and device for controlling the effect of a warhead Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2133654A2
EP2133654A2 EP09007372A EP09007372A EP2133654A2 EP 2133654 A2 EP2133654 A2 EP 2133654A2 EP 09007372 A EP09007372 A EP 09007372A EP 09007372 A EP09007372 A EP 09007372A EP 2133654 A2 EP2133654 A2 EP 2133654A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
explosive charge
charge
phe
explosive
detonation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09007372A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2133654A3 (en
EP2133654B1 (en
Inventor
Werner Dr. Arnold
Norbert Dr. Eisenreich
Armin Kessler
Gesa Langer
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TDW Gesellschaft fuer Verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH
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TDW Gesellschaft fuer Verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH
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Priority to EP14000584.4A priority Critical patent/EP2735837B1/en
Publication of EP2133654A2 publication Critical patent/EP2133654A2/en
Publication of EP2133654A3 publication Critical patent/EP2133654A3/en
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Publication of EP2133654B1 publication Critical patent/EP2133654B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/207—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by the explosive material or the construction of the high explosive warhead, e.g. insensitive ammunition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/208—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by a plurality of charges within a single high explosive warhead
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/0838—Primers or igniters for the initiation or the explosive charge in a warhead
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/22—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for power control of a warhead, the cylindrical explosive charge having a defined porosity, wherein by deformation at least a portion of the explosive charge is compressed.
  • the DE 198 21 150 C1 describes a detonatively deformable explosive charge.
  • porous explosive having a porosity of 5 - 25% is used.
  • the typical volume reduction is about 5 - 10%.
  • It describes the application of the one-sided deformation of the explosive charge, which aims to concentrate the power of the explosive charge and the splinters produced in it in a desired direction in order to increase the effect in this direction.
  • the not yet deformed explosive charge is still detonationsday depending on the porosity.
  • the present invention has the object to develop an advantageous alternative to the aforementioned examples, which behaves before the initiation quasi as an inert charge, or emits a maximum deflagration power at unwanted ignition maximum and in the under Avoiding a one-sided deformation the performance of the warhead is adjustable in a wide range.
  • the porous explosive charge which has a low density below the detonation limit, is at least partially densified by controlled axial compression to a higher density that is above the detonation limit.
  • This part of the explosive charge can then be implemented detonatively by means of another ignition device.
  • this explosive charge due to their density can only be initiated deflagrativ.
  • the further the axial compression progresses the more parts of the explosive charge are compressed beyond the detonation limit.
  • the ignition timing of the explosive charge this results in a control of the detonative effect of the explosive charge in the range of 0 to 100%. In the case of a fragment-forming warhead thus splinter production can be adjusted within wide limits.
  • the particular advantage of an explosive charge according to the invention is the high safety during storage and transport.
  • the porous explosive charge is very safe from compression because the explosive charge has a density well below the so-called critical density, which is the limit for detonation capability.
  • critical density which is the limit for detonation capability.
  • the compression takes place with the aid of an inert plate resting against the end face of the cylindrical charge, which by means of another accelerated explosive charge in the direction of explosive charge and the latter thus compressed.
  • the inert plate may be designed as an insert of an EFP charge which, upon initiation by forward folding, produces a flat plate which in turn compresses the porous explosive charge.
  • a plurality of detonators can be arranged on the front side of the explosive charge, which together form an approximately flat pressure wave which is used to compress the porous explosive charge.
  • the compression of the explosive charge not only in the direction of the main axis, but at the same time also radially, if this is a separate arranged in the region of the main axis explosive charge is used. In their place can also occur a single powerful trained detonation cord.
  • the device according to the invention for carrying out the method is formed by a plate which, for example, is accelerated onto the explosive charge by means of a further suitable charge or a device having the same effect, thereby compressing it.
  • the inert plate can be used as an insert of an EFP charge be designed, which generates after initiation by means of forward folding a flat plate, which in turn compresses the porous explosive charge.
  • the arrangement of a further cylindrical explosive charge with a small diameter in the region of the main axis has proven itself.
  • the ignition of this additional explosive charge via its own ignition device. Opposite the own ignition device, the ignition device for the compressed part of the charge is arranged, which is optionally ignited even after expiry of a delay time, which is adjustable by means of a timer. Thus, the deliverable power of the charge is adjusted by means of the delay time.
  • detonation cord which is laid along the main axis of the explosive charge.
  • Further detonation cords may advantageously be arranged parallel thereto at a certain radial distance. It is advantageous to arrange these further detonation cords spirally around the main axis at a radial distance.
  • the FIG. 1 shows a warhead GK with a porous explosive charge PHE and a fragment-forming metal shell MH.
  • the warhead is cylindrical in the embodiment, without this being a limitation for other designs.
  • the charge PHE is the FIG. 1 bounded by a stamp or a flying plate FP.
  • the first ignition chain ZK 1 acts on an entire area on the flying plate resting booster charge VL, which presses the flying plate FP in the direction of the main axis HA on the explosive charge PHE after initiation. As a result, a compression of the explosive charge PHE takes place.
  • a further ignition chain ZK 2 is provided for the explosive charge itself.
  • FIG. 2 After triggering the ignition system ZK 1 starts, as in FIG. 2 shown the compression process.
  • PHE runs a shock wave STW in the FIG. 2 ahead to the right moving flying plate FP.
  • a shock wave STW in the FIG. 2 ahead to the right moving flying plate FP.
  • the latter can be initiated detonatively in contrast to the pore-containing explosive charge PHE, since its density was compressed in the direction of the theoretical maximum density TMD.
  • the detonation velocity increases linearly with increasing density.
  • the performance of the explosive charge in turn grows in the square of the detonation speed. This allows a more flexible use of this explosive charge.
  • the ignition can be realized in different ways.
  • the further ignition chain ZK 2 located in the FIG. 1 . This is designed so that it can generate a maximum of one deflagration in the uncompressed explosive charge PHE, or at most a shockwave.
  • the shock-detonation transition known from explosives physics (SDT abbreviation) or the deflagration-detonation transition (abbreviation DDT) occurs.
  • the FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the invention.
  • the compression shock wave is predominantly introduced radially into the PHE charge.
  • This can, for example, as in FIG. 3 represented by means of an axially, so arranged in the direction of the main axis central explosive HEZ, which extends over the entire length of the explosive charge and has a diameter in the range of 5 - 25% of the diameter of the explosive charge PHE.
  • the explosive charge HEZ is conventionally initiated by means of the first ignition chain ZK 1, which can be recognized on the left side.
  • the further ignition chain ZK 2 on the right side in the FIG. 3 excites a shock or deflagration wave STW in not yet compressed part PHE the explosive charge.
  • the plastic plate KS serves as damping for the incoming in the axial charge HEZ detonation wave.
  • the initiated axial charge HEZ generates a preferably in radial direction propagating shock wave STW, which compresses the porous part PHE of the explosive charge continuously from left to right.
  • the proportion of detonatively and fragmentally convertible charge parts HE is determined by the delayed ignition of the further ignition chain ZK 2. The longer this ignition time is delayed, the greater the proportion of the compressed charge HE. If the shock wave STW reaches the metal shell MH, the full splitter performance is already achieved here.
  • the slope of the front of the shock wave STW can be controlled. Indirectly, this affects the ratio of the recompressed charge PHE to the compressed charge HE and hence the controllability of the charge.
  • the detonation velocity within the central explosive charge HE can be influenced by the incorporation of delay elements, such as damping disks. Examples of such elements would be plastics or metal foams.
  • the procedure according to FIGS. 3 and 4 is particularly suitable for long loads, as in a compression process after the Figures 1 and 2 the PHE column to be compressed would be too long and complete compression would no longer be guaranteed.
  • a variant of this is when, instead of the plastic plate KS from the FIGS. 3 and 4 a damping material is installed together with a arranged outside the plastic plate, mechanical and / or electronic timer.
  • the detonation wave DW reaches the damping material, it generates a damped shock wave.
  • the timer Upon reaching the timer, it is still strong enough to trigger a mechanical or electronic timer. But it is also weak enough to leave the further ignition chain ZK 2 intact. After the delay time, the further ignition chain ZK 2 is initiated.
  • the diameter of the axially arranged explosive charge HEZ from the FIGS. 3 and 4 depends on the design parameters such as density and size of the uncompressed PHE charge. In general, this diameter will be in the order of a few centimeters in a warhead.
  • FIG. 5 is in longitudinal and cross-section an alternative solution with multiple detonation cords DET instead of in FIG. 3 illustrated rod-shaped explosive charge HEZ shown.
  • Their design also depends on the density and the size of the charge PHE to be compressed. Depending on this, the necessary number and distribution of the detonation cords DET in the charge PHE results.
  • detonation cords are available in different configurations such as different explosives or different outer shells. This results in different detonation speeds, which in turn allow a wide range of design options. From this, the optimum meterability of each individual charge can then be determined.
  • a number of detonating cords DET are arranged radially around a central detonating cord so as to be approximately parallel to the skin axis HA of the charge. It is equally possible to lay the detonation cords in a spiral arrangement within the charge PHE. This allows a locally high compression of the charge to be compressed. Further advantageous variants are possible with the aid of such detonation cords.
  • FIG. 6 shows the progressive compression process after ignition of the first ignition chain ZK 1.
  • the detonation waves DW run along the detonation cords DET and pull, similar to in FIG. 4 represented and described, each a shock wave STW after. Like from the FIG. 6 can be seen, takes place after a short course of the detonation waves in the radial direction approximately complete compression of the porous charge part PHE. The ignition of the compressed charge part HE then takes place again in the conventional way with the aid of the further ignition chain ZK 2.
  • FIG. 7 shows another solution concept for the desired compaction of a porous charge PHE.
  • the porous explosive PHE is open-pore.
  • a liquid explosive reservoir LHE is separated from the porous charge PHE by an impermeable rupturable membrane M.
  • a plunger P which is slidably mounted in the metal shell MH of the charge, arranged.
  • the pressure piston is subjected to pressure D, whereby the membrane is destroyed.
  • the liquid explosive LHE is forced through the open pores into the free volume of the porous charge.
  • the area of the charge whose pores are filled is then the detonable explosive charge HE.
  • the initiation of this explosive charge takes place by means of a priming chain ZK 2 arranged opposite the original reservoir or by means of a separate ignition chain, not shown here, arranged inside the charge HE.
  • LHE liquid explosives have been known for a long time and can therefore be selected according to their parameters, which are particularly suitable for this application.
  • the loading of the plunger P with pressure D in the direction of the arrow can be done in the context of expert action in many ways. If high speed is required, pyrotechnic aids, such as propellants, can be used. The engine pressure of a missile can be guided and used accordingly. With lower speed requirements, mechanical or electrical drives can also be used.
  • the condition applies that the complete compaction of the porous charge part PHE does not have to be awaited until initiation can take place via the further ignition charge ZK 2. Rather, a central detonation signal can also be brought to the already compressed part of the charge HE and ignited at the desired time from this detonating chain, for example via a further ignition or detonation cord. Thus, a further flexibility of the metering of the charge is achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves compressing a part of an explosive charge (PHE) by application of pressure. The controlling begins from a side of the explosive charge, toward the centerline for effective compression of the explosive charge, which has a low density below the explosion border, and a consolidated higher density, which lies over the explosion border. An independent claim is included for a device for controlling power of a warhead.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Leistungssteuerung eines Gefechtskopfes, dessen zylindrische Sprengladung eine definierte Porosität aufweist, wobei mittels Deformation wenigstens ein Teil der Sprengladung komprimiert wird.The invention relates to a method and a device for power control of a warhead, the cylindrical explosive charge having a defined porosity, wherein by deformation at least a portion of the explosive charge is compressed.

Aus den Patentschriften DE 100 08 914 C2 und DE 102 27 002 B4 ist bereits ein Gefechtskopf bekannt geworden, bei dem die Leistung des Gefechtskopfes mittels mechanischer Zerlegung zumindest eines Teils der Sprengladung in einem weiten Bereich dosiert werden kann. Hierbei wird die Tatsache genutzt, dass eine Sprengladung nicht mehr zur Detonation fähig ist sobald die Dichte der Sprengladung eine kritische Grenze unterschritten hat. Die Sprengladung behält jedoch bis zur beschriebenen mechanischen Zerlegung ihre volle Leistungsfähigkeit.From the patents DE 100 08 914 C2 and DE 102 27 002 B4 is already known a warhead, in which the performance of the warhead can be metered by mechanical decomposition of at least a portion of the explosive charge in a wide range. Here, the fact is used that an explosive charge is no longer capable of detonation as soon as the density of the explosive charge has fallen below a critical limit. The explosive charge, however, retains its full capacity until the described mechanical disassembly.

Die DE 198 21 150 C1 beschreibt eine detonativ deformierbare Sprengladung. Zur Unterstützung der Deformation wird poröser Sprengstoff mit einer Porosität von 5 - 25 % verwendet. Die typische Volumenreduktion beträgt dabei etwa 5 - 10 %. Es wird die Anwendung der einseitigen Deformation der Sprengladung beschrieben, die das Ziel hat, die Leistung der Sprengladung und der damit erzeugten Splitter in eine gewünschte Richtung zu konzentrieren um damit in dieser Richtung die Wirkung zu steigern. Die noch nicht deformierte Sprengladung ist hierbei in Abhängigkeit von der Porosität immer noch detonationsfähig.The DE 198 21 150 C1 describes a detonatively deformable explosive charge. In order to assist deformation, porous explosive having a porosity of 5 - 25% is used. The typical volume reduction is about 5 - 10%. It describes the application of the one-sided deformation of the explosive charge, which aims to concentrate the power of the explosive charge and the splinters produced in it in a desired direction in order to increase the effect in this direction. The not yet deformed explosive charge is still detonationsfähig depending on the porosity.

Demgegenüber liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine vorteilhafte Alternative zu den vorgenannten Beispielen zu entwickeln, welche sich vor der Initiierung quasi wie eine inerte Ladung verhält, bzw. bei ungewollter Zündung maximal eine niedrige deflagrative Leistung abgibt und bei der unter Vermeidung einer einseitigen Deformation die Leistung des Gefechtkopfes in einem weiten Bereich einstellbar ist.In contrast, the present invention has the object to develop an advantageous alternative to the aforementioned examples, which behaves before the initiation quasi as an inert charge, or emits a maximum deflagration power at unwanted ignition maximum and in the under Avoiding a one-sided deformation the performance of the warhead is adjustable in a wide range.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch das beschriebene Verfahren und die zur Durchführung des Verfahrens geeigneten Vorrichtungen gelöst. Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved by the method described and suitable for carrying out the method devices. Further developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Die ersten in den Ansprüchen beschriebenen Verfahren können unter dem Thema axiale Verdichtungsstoßwelle zusammengefasst werden. Somit wird in vorteilhafter Weise die poröse Sprengladung, die eine niedrige Dichte unterhalb der Detonationsgrenze aufweist, mittels gesteuerter axialer Kompression wenigstens teilweise auf eine höhere Dichte verdichtet wird, die über der Detonationsgrenze liegt. Dieser Teil der Sprengladung lässt sich dann mittels einer weiteren Zündeinrichtung detonativ umsetzen. Im Ausgangszustand ist diese Sprengladung aufgrund ihrer Dichte nur deflagrativ initiierbar. Je weiter jedoch die axiale Kompression fortschreitet um so mehr Teile der Sprengladung werden über die Detonationsgrenze hinaus verdichtet. Durch geschickte Wahl des Zündzeitpunkts der Sprengladung ergibt sich daraus eine Steuerung der detonativen Wirkung der Sprengladung im Bereich von 0 bis 100 %. Im Fall eines splitterbildenden Gefechtskopfes kann somit die Splittererzeugung in weiten Grenzen eingestellt werden.The first methods described in the claims can be summarized under the topic axial compression shock wave. Thus, advantageously, the porous explosive charge, which has a low density below the detonation limit, is at least partially densified by controlled axial compression to a higher density that is above the detonation limit. This part of the explosive charge can then be implemented detonatively by means of another ignition device. In the initial state, this explosive charge due to their density can only be initiated deflagrativ. However, the further the axial compression progresses, the more parts of the explosive charge are compressed beyond the detonation limit. By skillful choice of the ignition timing of the explosive charge, this results in a control of the detonative effect of the explosive charge in the range of 0 to 100%. In the case of a fragment-forming warhead thus splinter production can be adjusted within wide limits.

Der besondere Vorteil einer erfindungsgemäßen Sprengladung ist die hohe Sicherheit bei Lagerung und Transport. Die poröse Sprengladung ist vor der Kompression sehr sicher, weil die Sprengladung eine Dichte aufweist, die deutlich unterhalb der so genannten kritischen Dichte liegt, die die Grenze für die Detonationsfähigkeit darstellt. Somit können die Bedingungen für die Safety Tests ohne Probleme erfüllt werde und die Klassifikation einer solchen Sprengladung ist wesentlich unkritischer.The particular advantage of an explosive charge according to the invention is the high safety during storage and transport. The porous explosive charge is very safe from compression because the explosive charge has a density well below the so-called critical density, which is the limit for detonation capability. Thus, the conditions for the safety tests can be fulfilled without any problems and the classification of such an explosive charge is much less critical.

In vorteilhafter Weise erfolgt die Kompression mit Hilfe einer an der Stirnseite der zylindrischen Ladung anliegenden inerten Platte, die mittels einer weiteren geeigneten Sprengladung in Richtung Sprengladung hin beschleunigt wird und letztere damit komprimiert. Die inerte Platte kann als Einlage einer EFP-Ladung konzipiert sein, welche nach erfolgter Initiierung mittels Vorwärtsfaltung eine ebene Platte erzeugt, die ihrerseits die poröse Sprengladung komprimiert.In an advantageous manner, the compression takes place with the aid of an inert plate resting against the end face of the cylindrical charge, which by means of another accelerated explosive charge in the direction of explosive charge and the latter thus compressed. The inert plate may be designed as an insert of an EFP charge which, upon initiation by forward folding, produces a flat plate which in turn compresses the porous explosive charge.

Alternativ zu einer inerten Platte kann stirnseitig zur Sprengladung eine Vielzahl von Detonatoren angeordnet sein, die bei gemeinsamer Zündung eine annähernd ebene Druckwelle ausbilden, die zur Kompression der porösen Sprengladung genutzt wird.As an alternative to an inert plate, a plurality of detonators can be arranged on the front side of the explosive charge, which together form an approximately flat pressure wave which is used to compress the porous explosive charge.

In vorteilhafter Weise kann die Kompression der Sprengladung nicht nur in Richtung der Hauptachse, sondern gleichzeitig auch radial erfolgen, wenn hierfür eine eigene im Bereich der Hauptachse angeordnete Sprengladung genutzt wird. An deren Stelle kann auch eine einzelne leistungsstark ausgebildete Detonationsschnur treten.Advantageously, the compression of the explosive charge not only in the direction of the main axis, but at the same time also radially, if this is a separate arranged in the region of the main axis explosive charge is used. In their place can also occur a single powerful trained detonation cord.

Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft eine Vielzahl von Detonationsschnüren in einem Abstand rund um die Hauptachse der Sprengladung für deren Kompression einzusetzen.Furthermore, it is advantageous to use a plurality of detonation cords at a distance around the main axis of the explosive charge for their compression.

Eine vorteilhafte Alternative ergibt sich aus der Verwendung eines Abteils mit flüssigem Sprengstoff, welches im Sprengladungsgehäuse zwischen der zu komprimierenden porösen Sprengladung und einer als Druckübertrager dienenden inerten Platte platziert ist. Die Platte wird zum geeigneten Zeitpunkt mit Druck beaufschlagt und presst den flüssigen Sprengstoff in die Poren der porösen Sprengladung.An advantageous alternative results from the use of a compartment with liquid explosive, which is placed in the explosive charge housing between the porous explosive charge to be compressed and serving as a pressure transducer inert plate. The plate is pressurized at the appropriate time and forces the liquid explosive into the pores of the porous explosive charge.

Der erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens wird durch eine Platte gebildet, die beispielsweise mittels einer weiteren geeigneten Ladung oder einer gleichwirkenden Vorrichtung auf die Sprengladung beschleunigt wird und diese damit komprimiert. Die inerte Platte kann als Einlage einer EFP-Ladung konzipiert sein, welche nach erfolgter Initiierung mittels Vorwärtsfaltung eine ebene Platte erzeugt, die ihrerseits die poröse Sprengladung komprimiert.The device according to the invention for carrying out the method is formed by a plate which, for example, is accelerated onto the explosive charge by means of a further suitable charge or a device having the same effect, thereby compressing it. The inert plate can be used as an insert of an EFP charge be designed, which generates after initiation by means of forward folding a flat plate, which in turn compresses the porous explosive charge.

Wenn eine gleichzeitige Kompression der Sprengladung ausgehend von deren Hauptachse in axialer und radialer Richtung erfolgen soll, hat sich die Anordnung einer weiteren zylindrischen Sprengladung mit geringem Durchmesser im Bereich der Hauptachse bewährt. Die Zündung dieser weiteren Sprengladung erfolgt über eine eigene Zündeinrichtung. Gegenüber der eigenen Zündeinrichtung ist die Zündeinrichtung für den komprimierten Teil der Ladung angeordnet, die gegebenenfalls auch nach Ablauf einer Verzögerungszeit, die mittels eines Zeitglieds einstellbar ist, gezündet wird. So wird mittels der Verzögerungszeit die abgebbare Leistung der Ladung eingestellt.If a simultaneous compression of the explosive charge is to take place from its main axis in the axial and radial directions, the arrangement of a further cylindrical explosive charge with a small diameter in the region of the main axis has proven itself. The ignition of this additional explosive charge via its own ignition device. Opposite the own ignition device, the ignition device for the compressed part of the charge is arranged, which is optionally ignited even after expiry of a delay time, which is adjustable by means of a timer. Thus, the deliverable power of the charge is adjusted by means of the delay time.

Anstelle dieser weiteren Sprengladung kann auch eine Detonationsschnur treten, die entlang der Hauptachse der Sprengladung verlegt ist. Weitere Detonationsschnüre können in vorteilhafter Weise hierzu parallel in einem bestimmten radialen Abstand angeordnet sein. Vorteilhaft ist es, diese weiteren Detonationsschnüre in einem radialen Abstand spiralig um die Hauptachse anzuordnen.Instead of this further explosive charge can also occur a detonation cord, which is laid along the main axis of the explosive charge. Further detonation cords may advantageously be arranged parallel thereto at a certain radial distance. It is advantageous to arrange these further detonation cords spirally around the main axis at a radial distance.

Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung sind in den Figuren der Zeichnung schematisch vereinfacht dargestellt, wobei sich die Merkmale der Erfindung nicht auf die gezeigten Beispiele beschränken. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1:
eine Sprengladung mit porösem Sprengstoff und axialer Kompression,
Fig 2:
eine Sprengladung nach Figur 1 in der Kompressionsphase,
Fig. 3:
eine Sprengladung mit porösem Sprengstoff und vorzugsweise radialer Kompression,
Fig. 4:
eine Sprengladung nach Figur 3 in der Kompressionsphase,
Fig. 5:
eine Sprengladung nach Figur 3 mit Detonationsschnüren als Kompressionsmittel,
Fig. 6:
eine Sprengladung nach Figur 5 in der Kompressionsphase,
Fig. 7:
eine Sprengladung mit offenporigem Sprengstoff und einem Reservoir mit flüssigem Sprengstoff,
Fig. 8:
eine Sprengladung nach Figur 7 in der Kompressionsphase.
Embodiment of the invention are shown schematically simplified in the figures of the drawing, wherein the features of the invention are not limited to the examples shown. Show it:
Fig. 1:
an explosive charge with porous explosive and axial compression,
Fig. 2:
an explosive charge after FIG. 1 in the compression phase,
3:
an explosive charge with porous explosive and preferably radial compression,
4:
an explosive charge after FIG. 3 in the compression phase,
Fig. 5:
an explosive charge after FIG. 3 with detonation cords as compression means,
Fig. 6:
an explosive charge after FIG. 5 in the compression phase,
Fig. 7:
an explosive charge with open-pored explosive and a reservoir with liquid explosives,
Fig. 8:
an explosive charge after FIG. 7 in the compression phase.

In den Figuren der Zeichnung sind verschiedene Vorrichtungen zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zur Leistungssteuerung eines Gefechtskopfes dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung erläutert. Aus der Darstellung in den Figuren ergibt sich jedoch keine Beschränkung auf genau diese Ausführungsformen.In the figures of the drawing, various devices for carrying out the method according to the invention for power control of a warhead are shown and explained in the following description. From the illustration in the figures, however, there is no restriction to exactly these embodiments.

Die Figur 1 zeigt einen Gefechtskopf GK mit einer porösen Sprengladung PHE und einer splitterbildenden Metallhülle MH. Der Gefechtskopf ist im Ausführungsbeispiel zylindrisch ausgeführt, ohne dass dies eine Einschränkung für andere Bauformen darstellen würde. Auf der linken Seite wird die Sprengladung PHE der Figur 1 von einem Stempel beziehungsweise einer fliegenden Platte FP begrenzt. Die erste Zündkette ZK 1 wirkt auf eine ganzflächig auf der fliegenden Platte aufliegende Verstärkerladung VL, welche nach erfolgter Initiierung die fliegende Platte FP in Richtung der Hauptachse HA auf die Sprengladung PHE drückt. Dadurch findet eine Kompression der Sprengladung PHE statt. Für die Sprengladung selbst ist eine weitere Zündkette ZK 2 vorgesehen.The FIG. 1 shows a warhead GK with a porous explosive charge PHE and a fragment-forming metal shell MH. The warhead is cylindrical in the embodiment, without this being a limitation for other designs. On the left side, the charge PHE is the FIG. 1 bounded by a stamp or a flying plate FP. The first ignition chain ZK 1 acts on an entire area on the flying plate resting booster charge VL, which presses the flying plate FP in the direction of the main axis HA on the explosive charge PHE after initiation. As a result, a compression of the explosive charge PHE takes place. For the explosive charge itself, a further ignition chain ZK 2 is provided.

Nach Auslösung des Zündsystems ZK 1 beginnt, wie in Figur 2 gezeigt, der Kompressionsvorgang. In der Sprengladung PHE läuft eine Stosswelle STW der sich in der Figur 2 nach rechts bewegenden fliegenden Platte FP voraus. Der Bereich hinter der laufenden Stosswelle ist bereits zu einer weitgehend porenfreien Sprengladung HE verdichtet. Letztere lässt sich im Gegensatz zur porenhaltigen Sprengladung PHE detonativ initiieren, da ihre Dichte in Richtung auf die theoretisch maximale Dichte TMD hin komprimiert wurde. Je länger der Vorgang andauert umso weiter erhöht sich die Dichte dieser Sprengladung in Richtung TMD. Die Detonationsgeschwindigkeit nimmt linear mit der steigenden Dichte zu. Die Leistung der Sprengladung wächst ihrerseits im Quadrat der Detonationsgeschwindigkeit. Dies ermöglicht eine flexiblere Anwendung dieser Sprengladung.After triggering the ignition system ZK 1 starts, as in FIG. 2 shown the compression process. In the explosive charge PHE runs a shock wave STW in the FIG. 2 ahead to the right moving flying plate FP. Of the Area behind the current shock wave is already compressed to a largely pore-free explosive charge HE. The latter can be initiated detonatively in contrast to the pore-containing explosive charge PHE, since its density was compressed in the direction of the theoretical maximum density TMD. The longer the process continues the further increases the density of this explosive charge in the direction of TMD. The detonation velocity increases linearly with increasing density. The performance of the explosive charge in turn grows in the square of the detonation speed. This allows a more flexible use of this explosive charge.

Die Zündung kann auf unterschiedliche Art realisiert werden. In der Figur 1 ist auf der rechten Seite der Sprengladung die weitere Zündkette ZK 2 eingezeichnet. Diese ist so ausgelegt, dass sie in der unkomprimierten Sprengladung PHE maximal eine Deflagration, minimal allenfalls eine Stoßwelle erzeugen kann. Trifft jedoch diese Stoßwelle bzw. Deflagrationsfront auf den bereits verdichteten Teil HE der Sprengladung tritt der aus der Sprengstoffphysik bekannte Schock-Detonations-Übergang (Abkürzung SDT) bzw. der Deflagrations-Detonations-Übergang (Abkürzung DDT) auf.The ignition can be realized in different ways. In the FIG. 1 is on the right side of the explosive charge the further ignition chain ZK 2 located. This is designed so that it can generate a maximum of one deflagration in the uncompressed explosive charge PHE, or at most a shockwave. However, if this shock wave or deflagration front strikes the already compressed part HE of the explosive charge, the shock-detonation transition known from explosives physics (SDT abbreviation) or the deflagration-detonation transition (abbreviation DDT) occurs.

Eine Alternative hierzu (in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt) besteht darin, dass im Bereich der fliegenden Platte FP oder innerhalb des zuerst verdichteten Teils HE der Sprengladung eine robuste Zündkette angeordnet wird. Die erzielte Wirkung ist in beiden Fällen gleichartig. Der bereits verdichtete Teil HE der Sprengladung erzeugt die volle Splitterleistung, der noch nicht verdichtete Teil PHE gibt jedoch nur eine sehr geringfügige Splitterleistung ab. Somit lässt sich die Splitterleistung in sehr weiten Grenzen einstellen.An alternative to this (not shown in the drawing) is that in the area of the flying plate FP or within the first compressed part HE of the explosive charge a robust ignition chain is arranged. The effect achieved is similar in both cases. The already compacted part HE of the explosive charge generates the full splitter power, but the not yet compressed part PHE gives only a very small fragmentation performance. Thus, the splitter performance can be set within very wide limits.

Für die technische Auslegung dieser Lösung ist zu beachten, dass eine symmetrische Detonationsfront auf die fliegende Platte FP einwirken muss. Die wird beispielsweise durch Anwendung eines so genannten Plane-Wave-Generators; der eine planare Stoßwelle erzeugt, erreicht. Aber auch ein Zündkettensystem, das beispielsweise aus mehreren ringförmig angeordneten Detonatoren besteht, kann diese Anforderung erfüllen. Hinsichtlich der Dimensionierung der die fliegende Platte beschleunigenden scheibenförmigen Verstärkerladung VL ist anzumerken, dass diese abhängig von den Eigenschaften der PHE-Ladung und der daraus sich ergebenden Arbeit zur Schließung der Poren einzustellen ist.For the technical design of this solution, it should be noted that a symmetrical detonation front must act on the flying plate FP. This is achieved, for example, by using a so-called plane wave generator; which generates a planar shock wave reached. But also a Zündkettensystem, for example, of several annularly arranged Detonators can fulfill this requirement. With regard to the dimensioning of the disk-accelerating charge VL that accelerates the flying disk, it should be noted that this is to be set depending on the properties of the PHE charge and the work resulting therefrom for closing the pores.

Eine weitere, hier nicht dargestellte vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung zu den Figuren 1 und 2 macht sich die Technologie der explosiven Metallumformung bei so genannten EFP-Ladungen (Explosively Formed Projectiles) zunutze. Die Einlage wird gemäß Figur 1 an der Stelle der fliegenden Platte FP positioniert. Mit entsprechender Dimensionierung der Einlage und der diese umformenden Sprengladung (anstelle der Verstärkerladung VL) wird eine Vorwärtsfaltung der Einlage in Richtung der Hauptachse HA angestrebt. Dazu ist der zentrale Teil der Einlage dicker ausgelegt als die peripheren Teile. Letztere werden dann axial stärker beschleunigt als der mittlere Teil. Gleichzeitig wird die Umformenergie für die Schließung der Poren genutzt. Die Peripherie wird dabei in vorteilhafter Weise höher verdichtet als der mittlere Bereich der Sprengladung.Another, not shown here advantageous embodiment of the Figures 1 and 2 The technology of explosive metal forming takes advantage of so-called EFP charges (Explosively Formed Projectiles). The deposit will be made according to FIG. 1 positioned at the location of the flying plate FP. With appropriate dimensioning of the insert and the explosive charge transforming this (instead of the amplifier charge VL), a forward folding of the insert in the direction of the main axis HA is aimed at. For this purpose, the central part of the insert is made thicker than the peripheral parts. The latter are then accelerated more axially than the middle part. At the same time, the forming energy is used to close the pores. The periphery is advantageously compressed higher than the middle region of the explosive charge.

Die Figur 3 zeigt eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung. In diesem Fall wird die Verdichtungs-Stoßwelle überwiegend radial in die PHE-Ladung eingeleitet. Dies kann beispielsweise, wie in Figur 3 dargestellt, mittels einer axial, also in Richtung der Hauptachse angeordneten zentralen Sprengladung HEZ erfolgen, die sich über die ganze Länge der Sprengladung erstreckt und einen Durchmesser im Bereich von 5 - 25 % des Durchmessers der Sprengladung PHE aufweist. Die Sprengladung HEZ wird konventionell mittels der auf der linken Seite erkennbaren ersten Zündkette ZK 1 initiiert. Die weitere Zündkette ZK 2 auf der rechten Seite in der Figur 3 regt eine Stoß- bzw. Deflagrationswelle STW in noch nicht verdichteten Teil PHE der Sprengladung an. Die Kunststoffplatte KS dient als Dämpfung für die in der axialen Ladung HEZ anlaufenden Detonationswelle.The FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the invention. In this case, the compression shock wave is predominantly introduced radially into the PHE charge. This can, for example, as in FIG. 3 represented by means of an axially, so arranged in the direction of the main axis central explosive HEZ, which extends over the entire length of the explosive charge and has a diameter in the range of 5 - 25% of the diameter of the explosive charge PHE. The explosive charge HEZ is conventionally initiated by means of the first ignition chain ZK 1, which can be recognized on the left side. The further ignition chain ZK 2 on the right side in the FIG. 3 excites a shock or deflagration wave STW in not yet compressed part PHE the explosive charge. The plastic plate KS serves as damping for the incoming in the axial charge HEZ detonation wave.

Gemäß Figur 4 erzeugt die initiierte axiale Ladung HEZ neben der axial innerhalb der Ladung HEZ laufenden Detonationsfront DW eine sich vorzugsweise in radialer Richtung ausbreitende Stoßwelle STW, die den porösen Teil PHE der Sprengladung fortlaufend von links nach rechts komprimiert. Der Anteil der detonativ und splitterbildend umsetzbaren Ladungsteile HE wird durch die verzögerte Zündung der weiteren Zündkette ZK 2 bestimmt. Je länger dieser Zündzeitpunkt verzögert wird, um so größer ist der Anteil der komprimierten Ladung HE. Erreicht die Stoßwelle STW die Metallhülle MH wird hier bereits die volle Splitterleistung erreicht. Über die unterschiedlichen Geschwindigkeiten der Detonationswelle DW in der zentralen Sprengladung HEZ einerseits und der Stoßwelle STW in der diese umgebenden zu komprimierenden Sprengladung PHE andererseits lässt sich die Steigung der Front der Stoßwelle STW steuern. Indirekt beeinflusst dies das Verhältnis von umkomprimierter Ladung PHE zu komprimierter Ladung HE und damit die Dosierbarkeit der Ladung. Die Detonationsgeschwindigkeit innerhalb der zentralen Sprengladung HE lässt sich durch den Einbau von Verzögerungselementen, wie beispielsweise von Dämpfungsscheiben, beeinflussen. Beispiele für derartige Elemente wären Kunststoffe oder Metallschäume.According to FIG. 4 In addition to the detonation front DW running axially within the charge HEZ, the initiated axial charge HEZ generates a preferably in radial direction propagating shock wave STW, which compresses the porous part PHE of the explosive charge continuously from left to right. The proportion of detonatively and fragmentally convertible charge parts HE is determined by the delayed ignition of the further ignition chain ZK 2. The longer this ignition time is delayed, the greater the proportion of the compressed charge HE. If the shock wave STW reaches the metal shell MH, the full splitter performance is already achieved here. On the different speeds of the detonation wave DW in the central explosive charge HEZ on the one hand and the shock wave STW in the surrounding these to be compressed explosive charge PHE the other hand, the slope of the front of the shock wave STW can be controlled. Indirectly, this affects the ratio of the recompressed charge PHE to the compressed charge HE and hence the controllability of the charge. The detonation velocity within the central explosive charge HE can be influenced by the incorporation of delay elements, such as damping disks. Examples of such elements would be plastics or metal foams.

Das Verfahren nach den Figuren 3 und 4 ist besonders gut für lange Ladungen geeignet, da bei einem Verdichtungsprozess nach den Figuren 1 und 2 die zu komprimierende PHE-Säule zu lang wäre und eine vollständige Kompression nicht mehr gewährleistet wäre.The procedure according to FIGS. 3 and 4 is particularly suitable for long loads, as in a compression process after the Figures 1 and 2 the PHE column to be compressed would be too long and complete compression would no longer be guaranteed.

Eine Variante hierzu liegt vor, wenn anstelle der Kunststoffplatte KS aus den Figuren 3 und 4 ein Dämpfungsmaterial zusammen mit einem außerhalb der Kunststoffplatte angeordneten, mechanischen und/oder elektronischen Zeitglied eingebaut wird. Wenn die Detonationswelle DW das Dämpfungsmaterial erreicht wird in diesem eine gedämpfte Stoßwelle erzeugt. Beim Erreichen des Zeitgliedes ist sie noch stark genug, um ein mechanisches oder elektronisches Zeitglied zu triggern. Sie ist aber auch schwach genug, um die weitere Zündkette ZK 2 unversehrt zu lassen. Nach Ablauf der Verzögerungszeit wird die weitere Zündkette ZK 2 initiiert. Mittels Variation der Verzögerungszeiten erreicht man die einstellbare Dosierbarkeit der Ladung.A variant of this is when, instead of the plastic plate KS from the FIGS. 3 and 4 a damping material is installed together with a arranged outside the plastic plate, mechanical and / or electronic timer. When the detonation wave DW reaches the damping material, it generates a damped shock wave. Upon reaching the timer, it is still strong enough to trigger a mechanical or electronic timer. But it is also weak enough to leave the further ignition chain ZK 2 intact. After the delay time, the further ignition chain ZK 2 is initiated. By means of variation of the delay times, one achieves the adjustable meterability of the charge.

Der Durchmesser der axial angeordneten Sprengladung HEZ aus den Figuren 3 und 4 hängt natürlich von den Designparametern wie beispielsweise Dichte und Größe der noch nicht komprimierten PHE-Ladung ab. In der Regel wird dieser Durchmesser bei einem Gefechtskopf in der Größenordnung von einigen wenigen Zentimetern liegen.The diameter of the axially arranged explosive charge HEZ from the FIGS. 3 and 4 Of course, it depends on the design parameters such as density and size of the uncompressed PHE charge. In general, this diameter will be in the order of a few centimeters in a warhead.

In der Figur 5 ist in Längs- und Querschnitt eine alternative Lösung mit mehreren Detonationsschnüren DET anstelle der in Figur 3 dargestellten stangenförmigen Sprengladung HEZ dargestellt. Auch deren Auslegung hängt wiederum von der Dichte und der Größe der zu komprimierenden Ladung PHE ab. Davon abhängig ergibt sich die notwendige Anzahl und die Verteilung der Detonationsschnüre DET in der Ladung PHE.In the FIG. 5 is in longitudinal and cross-section an alternative solution with multiple detonation cords DET instead of in FIG. 3 illustrated rod-shaped explosive charge HEZ shown. Their design also depends on the density and the size of the charge PHE to be compressed. Depending on this, the necessary number and distribution of the detonation cords DET in the charge PHE results.

Derartige Detonationsschnüre sind in unterschiedlichen Konfigurationen wie beispielsweise unterschiedlichen Sprengstoffen oder unterschiedlichen Außenhüllen erhältlich. Daraus ergeben sich mithin unterschiedliche Detonationsgeschwindigkeiten, die ihrerseits eine breite Auswahl an Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten zulassen. Hieraus lässt sich dann die optimale Dosierbarkeit jeder einzelnen Ladung bestimmen.Such detonation cords are available in different configurations such as different explosives or different outer shells. This results in different detonation speeds, which in turn allow a wide range of design options. From this, the optimum meterability of each individual charge can then be determined.

In Figur 5 ist eine Anzahl von Detonationsschnüren DET radial um eine zentrale Detonationsschnur herum so angeordnet, dass sie etwa parallel zur Hautachse HA der Ladung verlaufen. Ebenso gut ist es denkbar, die Detonationsschnüre in einer spiraligen Anordnung innerhalb der Ladung PHE zu verlegen. Damit lässt sich eine lokal hohe Verdichtung der zu komprimierenden Ladung erzielen. Weitere vorteilhafte Varianten sind unter Zuhilfenahme derartiger Detonationsschnüre möglich.In FIG. 5 For example, a number of detonating cords DET are arranged radially around a central detonating cord so as to be approximately parallel to the skin axis HA of the charge. It is equally possible to lay the detonation cords in a spiral arrangement within the charge PHE. This allows a locally high compression of the charge to be compressed. Further advantageous variants are possible with the aid of such detonation cords.

Figur 6 zeigt den fortschreitenden Kompressionsvorgang nach Zündung der ersten Zündkette ZK 1. Die Detonationswellen DW laufen entlang der Detonationsschnüre DET und ziehen, ähnlich wie in Figur 4 dargestellt und beschrieben, jeweils eine Stoßwelle STW nach sich. Wie aus der Figur 6 ersichtlich, findet bereits nach einer kurzen Laufstrecke der Detonationswellen eine in radialer Richtung annähernd vollständige Kompression des porösen Ladungsteils PHE statt. Die Zündung des verdichteten Ladungsteils HE findet dann wieder auf konventionellem Weg mit Hilfe der weiteren Zündkette ZK 2 statt. FIG. 6 shows the progressive compression process after ignition of the first ignition chain ZK 1. The detonation waves DW run along the detonation cords DET and pull, similar to in FIG. 4 represented and described, each a shock wave STW after. Like from the FIG. 6 can be seen, takes place after a short course of the detonation waves in the radial direction approximately complete compression of the porous charge part PHE. The ignition of the compressed charge part HE then takes place again in the conventional way with the aid of the further ignition chain ZK 2.

Die Figur 7 zeigt ein weiteres Lösungskonzept für die gewünschte Verdichtung einer porösen Ladung PHE. Es wird hierbei vorausgesetzt, dass der poröse Sprengstoff PHE offenporig ist. Im Ausgangszustand der Ladung ist ein Reservoir mit flüssigen Sprengstoff LHE von der porösen Ladung PHE durch eine undurchlässige zerreißbare Membran M getrennt. Auf der der Membran gegenüberliegenden Seite des Reservoirs ist ein Druckstempel P, der in der Metallhülle MH der Ladung verschiebbar gelagert ist, angeordnet. Gemäß Figur 8 wird der Druckstempel mit Druck D beaufschlagt, wodurch die Membran zerstört wird. Gleichzeitig wird der flüssige Sprengstoff LHE durch die offenen Poren in das freie Volumen der porösen Ladung gedrückt. Der Bereich der Ladung, dessen Poren gefüllt sind, ist dann die detonationsfähige Sprengladung HE. Die Initiierung dieser Sprengladung erfolgt mittels einer dem ursprünglichen Reservoir gegenüber angeordneten Zündkette ZK 2 oder mit Hilfe einer innerhalb der Ladung HE angeordneten, hier nicht dargestellten eigenen Zündkette.The FIG. 7 shows another solution concept for the desired compaction of a porous charge PHE. It is assumed here that the porous explosive PHE is open-pore. In the initial state of the charge, a liquid explosive reservoir LHE is separated from the porous charge PHE by an impermeable rupturable membrane M. On the opposite side of the membrane of the reservoir, a plunger P, which is slidably mounted in the metal shell MH of the charge, arranged. According to FIG. 8 the pressure piston is subjected to pressure D, whereby the membrane is destroyed. At the same time, the liquid explosive LHE is forced through the open pores into the free volume of the porous charge. The area of the charge whose pores are filled is then the detonable explosive charge HE. The initiation of this explosive charge takes place by means of a priming chain ZK 2 arranged opposite the original reservoir or by means of a separate ignition chain, not shown here, arranged inside the charge HE.

Flüssige Sprengstoffe LHE sind seit langem bekannt und können deshalb anhand ihrer für diese Anwendung besonders geeigneten Parameter ausgewählt werden.LHE liquid explosives have been known for a long time and can therefore be selected according to their parameters, which are particularly suitable for this application.

Die Beaufschlagung des Druckstempels P mit Druck D in der gezeichneten Pfeilrichtung kann im Rahmen des fachmännischen Handelns auf vielfältige Weise erfolgen. Falls eine hohe Geschwindigkeit erforderlich ist, können pyrotechnische Hilfsmittel, wie beispielsweise Treibladungen, eingesetzt werden. Auch der Triebwerksdruck eines Flugkörpers kann entsprechend geführt und eingesetzt werden. Bei geringeren Anforderungen hinsichtlich der Geschwindigkeit können auch mechanische oder elektrische Antriebe eingesetzt werden.The loading of the plunger P with pressure D in the direction of the arrow can be done in the context of expert action in many ways. If high speed is required, pyrotechnic aids, such as propellants, can be used. The engine pressure of a missile can be guided and used accordingly. With lower speed requirements, mechanical or electrical drives can also be used.

Für alle hier beschriebenen Beispiele beziehungsweise die gleichartig wirkenden Ausführungsformen gilt die Bedingung, dass nicht die vollständige Verdichtung des porösen Ladungsteils PHE abgewartet werden muss, bis über die weitere Zündkette ZK 2 die Initiierung erfolgen kann. Vielmehr kann auch von dieser Zündkette beispielsweise über eine weitere Zünd- oder Detonationsschnur ein zentrales Detonationssignal an den bereits verdichteten Teil der Ladung HE herangeführt und zum gewünschten Zeitpunkt gezündet werden. Damit wird eine weitere Flexibilität der Dosierbarkeit der Ladung erreicht.For all examples described here or the embodiments having the same effect, the condition applies that the complete compaction of the porous charge part PHE does not have to be awaited until initiation can take place via the further ignition charge ZK 2. Rather, a central detonation signal can also be brought to the already compressed part of the charge HE and ignited at the desired time from this detonating chain, for example via a further ignition or detonation cord. Thus, a further flexibility of the metering of the charge is achieved.

Claims (15)

Verfahren zur Leistungssteuerung eines Gefechtskopfes, dessen zylindrische Sprengladung eine definierte Porosität aufweist, wobei mittels Druckbeaufschlagung wenigstens ein Teil der Sprengladung komprimiert wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass mittels gesteuerter, von einer Seite der Sprengladung (PHE) beginnender, in Richtung der Hauptachse (HA) wirksamer Kompression die Sprengladung (PHE), die eine niedrige Dichte unterhalb der Detonationsgrenze aufweist, wenigstens teilweise auf eine höhere Dichte verdichtet wird, die über der Detonationsgrenze liegt.A method for power control of a warhead, the cylindrical explosive charge having a defined porosity, wherein by pressurizing at least a portion of the explosive charge is compressed,
characterized,
that by means of controlled compression from one side of the explosive charge (PHE) in the direction of the major axis (HA), the explosive charge (PHE), which has a low density below the detonation limit, is at least partially compressed to a higher density than that Detonation limit is. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kompression mittels einer detonativ beschleunigten inerten Platte (ZK 1, VL, FP) erfolgt.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the compression by means of a detonatively accelerated inert plate (ZK 1, VL, FP) takes place. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kompression mit Hilfe einer EFP-Ladung mit Vorwärtsfaltung erfolgt.A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the compression takes place by means of an EFP charge with forward folding. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kompression mittels auf der Stirnseite der Sprengladung konzentrisch angeordneter Detonatoren erfolgt.A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the compression takes place by means of concentrically arranged on the front side of the explosive charge detonators. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kompression radial zur Hauptachse der Sprengladung mittels einer im Bereich der Hauptachse (HA) angeordneten Sprengladung (HEZ) erfolgt.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the compression takes place radially to the main axis of the explosive charge by means disposed in the region of the main axis (HA) explosive charge (HEZ). Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kompression mittels einer axial verlaufenden Detonationsschnur (DET) erfolgt.A method according to claim 5, characterized in that the compression takes place by means of an axially extending detonation cord (DET). Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kompression mit Hilfe einer Mehrfachanordnung von etwa parallel und in Richtung der und beabstandet zu der Hauptachse (HA) verlaufenden Detonationsschnüren (DET) erfolgt.A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the compression by means of a multiple arrangement of approximately parallel and in the direction of and spaced apart from the main axis (HA) extending detonation cords (DET) takes place. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kompression mittels eines flüssigen Sprengstoffes (LHE) erfolgt, der im Sprengladungsgehäuse angeordnet ist und der auf der einen Seite über eine Membran (M) an der zu komprimierenden Sprengladung (PHE) und auf der anderen Seite an einer beweglich gelagerten inerten Platte (P) anliegt, wobei die Platte (P) gesteuert den Kompressionsdruck (D) auf den flüssigen Sprengstoff (LHE) aufbringt.A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the compression takes place by means of a liquid explosive (LHE), which is arranged in the explosive charge housing and on the one side via a membrane (M) to be compressed on the explosive charge (PHE) and on the the other side of a movably mounted inert plate (P), wherein the plate (P) controls the compression pressure (D) applied to the liquid explosive (LHE). Vorrichtung zur Leistungssteuerung eines Gefechtskopfes, dessen zylindrische Sprengladung eine definierte Porosität aufweist, wobei mittels Deformation wenigstens ein Teil der Sprengladung komprimierbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an einer Seite der porösen Sprengladung (PHE) eine inerte Platte (FP) anliegt, die in einem zeitlichen Abstand vor der beabsichtigten Zündung der Sprengladung detonativ (ZK 1, VL) auf diese beschleunigbar ist.Device for power control of a warhead, the cylindrical explosive charge having a defined porosity, wherein by deformation at least a portion of the explosive charge is compressible, characterized in that on one side of the porous explosive charge (PHE) an inert plate (FP) is applied, which in a temporal Distance before the intended ignition of the explosive charge detonative (ZK 1, VL) can be accelerated to this. Vorrichtung zur Leistungssteuerung eines Gefechtskopfes, dessen zylindrische Sprengladung eine definierte Porosität aufweist, wobei mittels Deformation wenigstens ein Teil der Sprengladung komprimierbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Bereich der Hauptachse (HA) der porösen Sprengladung (PHE) eine weitere Sprengladung (HEZ) mit einem wesentlich kleineren Durchmesser als die Sprengladung angeordnet ist, welche mittels einer eigenen Zündeinrichtung (ZK 1) initiierbar ist.Device for power control of a warhead, the cylindrical explosive charge having a defined porosity, wherein by deformation at least a portion of the explosive charge is compressible, characterized in that in the region of the major axis (HA) of the porous explosive charge (PHE) another explosive charge (HEZ) with a is arranged much smaller diameter than the explosive charge, which by means of its own ignition device (ZK 1) can be initiated. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf der der eigenen Zündeinrichtung (ZK 1) gegenüber liegenden Seite der weiteren Sprengladung (HEZ) eine mittels der in der weiteren Sprengladung laufenden Detonationsfront (DW) auslösbares Zeitglied mit einer einstellbaren Verzögerungszeit angeordnet ist, welches mit der weiteren Zündeinrichtung (ZK 2) des komprimierten Teils (HE) der Ladung verbunden ist.Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that on the side of the other explosive charge (HEZ) opposite the own ignition device (ZK 1) a timer which can be triggered by means of the detonation front (DW) which is triggered in the further explosive charge is arranged with an adjustable delay time, which is provided with the further ignition device (ZK 2) of the compressed part (HE) of the charge is connected. Vorrichtung zur Leistungssteuerung eines Gefechtskopfes, dessen zylindrische Sprengladung eine definierte Porosität aufweist, wobei mittels Deformation wenigstens ein Teil der Sprengladung komprimierbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Bereich der Hauptachse (HA) der porösen Sprengladung (PHE) und/oder mit radialem Abstand parallel zur Hauptachse wenigstens eine Detonationsschnur (DET) angeordnet ist.Device for power control of a warhead, the cylindrical explosive charge having a defined porosity, wherein by deformation at least a portion of the explosive charge is compressible, characterized in that in the region of the major axis (HA) of the porous explosive charge (PHE) and / or with a radial distance parallel to Main axis at least one detonation cord (DET) is arranged. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mit radialem Abstand zur Hauptachse (HA) angeordneten Detonationsschnüre (DET) spiralförmig um die Hauptachse verlegt sind.Device according to Claim 12, characterized in that the detonation cords (DET) arranged at a radial distance from the main axis (HA) are laid spirally around the main axis. Vorrichtung zur Leistungssteuerung eines Gefechtskopfes, dessen zylindrische Sprengladung eine definierte Porosität aufweist, wobei mittels Deformation wenigstens ein Teil der Sprengladung komprimierbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zwischenraum zwischen einer an der porösen Sprengladung (PHE) anliegenden Membrane (M) und einer im Sprengladungsgehäuse in axialer (HA) Richtung bewegbaren inerten Platte (P) mit flüssigem Sprengstoff (LHE) gefüllt ist.Device for power control of a warhead, the cylindrical explosive charge having a defined porosity, wherein by deformation at least a portion of the explosive charge is compressible, characterized in that the space between a voltage applied to the porous explosive charge (PHE) membrane (M) and in the explosive charge housing in axial (HA) Direction movable inert plate (P) with liquid explosive (LHE) is filled. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Platte (P) motorisch, pyrotechnisch oder mittels Gasdruck in Richtung auf die poröse Sprengladung (PHE) bewegbar ist.Apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the plate (P) is movable by motor, pyrotechnic or by gas pressure in the direction of the porous explosive charge (PHE).
EP20090007372 2008-06-11 2009-06-04 Process for controlling the effect of a warhead Active EP2133654B1 (en)

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EP2233879A3 (en) * 2009-03-23 2011-08-24 QinetiQ Limited Insensitive munition
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EP2442065A3 (en) * 2010-10-18 2015-04-22 TDW Gesellschaft für verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH Switchable explosive charge
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Publication number Publication date
DE102008027900B4 (en) 2013-07-04
ES2537637T3 (en) 2015-06-10
EP2735837B1 (en) 2016-11-30
EP2133654A3 (en) 2013-08-21
EP2133654B1 (en) 2015-03-18
EP2735837A1 (en) 2014-05-28
ES2616132T3 (en) 2017-06-09
DE102008027900A1 (en) 2009-12-17

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