EP2195604B1 - Housing material for an explosive shell, a hand grenade, or the like - Google Patents

Housing material for an explosive shell, a hand grenade, or the like Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2195604B1
EP2195604B1 EP08785832A EP08785832A EP2195604B1 EP 2195604 B1 EP2195604 B1 EP 2195604B1 EP 08785832 A EP08785832 A EP 08785832A EP 08785832 A EP08785832 A EP 08785832A EP 2195604 B1 EP2195604 B1 EP 2195604B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal foam
filler material
housing
projectile
casing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08785832A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2195604A1 (en
Inventor
Sebastian Münzner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
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Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH filed Critical Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
Publication of EP2195604A1 publication Critical patent/EP2195604A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2195604B1 publication Critical patent/EP2195604B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/22—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
    • F42B12/76—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the casing

Definitions

  • the projectile casing which is usually the carrier for the explosive, thereby contributes significantly to what condition the splinters are.
  • the projectile casing must also be able to accommodate the various loads that can act on a projectile.
  • loads are temperature fluctuations, launch loads, vibrations, etc., which must be survived without damage, so that the bullet remains functional.
  • the invention has the object to show a way with which, taking into account an optimal material selection to capture the loads a good splinter formation can be implemented.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Gehäusematerial für ein Sprenggeschoss, eine Handgranate oder dergleichen mit definierter Konstruktionssplitterbildung.The invention relates to a housing material for an explosive projectile, a hand grenade or the like with a defined construction fragmentation.

Sprenggeschosse wirken aufgrund ihrer Druckwelle, vorrangig jedoch durch die Splitterbildung auf die Ziele. Damit ein Splitter effektiv auf das Ziel einwirken kann, benötigt er eine bestimmte Masse und eine bestimmte Härte. Sind die Splitter zu klein, zeigen sie keine oder nur eine geringe Wirkung im Ziel. Sind sie hingegen zu groß, wird die Flächenwirkung minimiert.Explosive projectiles act due to their pressure wave, but primarily due to the fragmentation on the targets. For a splitter to effectively affect the target, it requires a certain mass and hardness. If the splinters are too small, they show little or no effect in the target. If they are too large, the surface effect is minimized.

Die Geschosshülle, welche in der Regel der Träger für den Sprengstoff ist, trägt dabei wesentlich dazu bei, welcher Beschaffenheit die Splitter sind.The projectile casing, which is usually the carrier for the explosive, thereby contributes significantly to what condition the splinters are.

Möglichkeiten, Konstruktionssplitter zu erzeugen sind beispielsweise das Einbringen von kerben bzw. einem gekerbten Muster auf der Geschosshülle, was von innen als auch von Außen vorgesehen werden kann. Über diese Sollbruchstellen wird die Splitterbildung definiert ( DE 197 53 188 C2 ). Des Weiteren ist bekannt, Kugeln eines anderen Materials in die Geschosshülle einzubringen, welche danach als Splitter dienen oder das Aufbringen von Folien oder Oberflächenbeschichtungen auf der Innenseite des Geschosses, um den Sprengstoff wie viele kleine Schneidladungen auf die Geschosshülle wirken zu lassen und definierte Splitter zu erzeugen.Possibilities to create construction splinters are, for example, the introduction of notches or a notched pattern on the projectile casing, which can be provided from inside as well as from outside. About these predetermined breaking points, the fragmentation is defined ( DE 197 53 188 C2 ). Furthermore, it is known to introduce balls of another material in the projectile casing, which then serve as splinters or the application of films or surface coatings on the inside of the projectile to allow the explosive act like many small cutting charges on the projectile casing and produce defined splinters ,

Die Geschosshülle muss aber auch die verschiedenen Belastungen aufnehmen können, die auf ein Geschoss einwirken können. Derartige Belastungen sind Temperaturschwankungen, Abschussbelastungen, Vibrationen etc., die schadlos überstanden werden müssen, damit das Geschoss funktionsfähig bleibt.However, the projectile casing must also be able to accommodate the various loads that can act on a projectile. Such loads are temperature fluctuations, launch loads, vibrations, etc., which must be survived without damage, so that the bullet remains functional.

Hier stellt sich die Erfindung die Aufgabe, eine Möglichkeit aufzuzeigen, mit welcher unter Berücksichtigung einer optimalen Werkstoffauswahl zum Auffangen der Belastungen eine gute Splitterbildung umgesetzt werden kann.Here, the invention has the object to show a way with which, taking into account an optimal material selection to capture the loads a good splinter formation can be implemented.

Gelöst wird die Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1. Vorteilhafte Ausführungen sind den Unteransprüchen entnehmbar.The object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are the dependent claims.

Der Erfindung liegt die Idee zugrunde, relativ klar definierte Splitter über die gesamte Geschosshülle oder ausgewählte Bereiche zu erzeugen, alternativ für eine Handgranate etc. Dies wird über Sollbruchstellen im Material der Geschoss- bzw. Gehäusehülle selbst erreicht. Die im Material eingebundenen Sollbruchstellen benötigen weniger Energie, um die Geschoss- bzw. Gehäusehülle aufzureißen, so dass mehr Energie zur Verfügung steht, um die Splitter zu beschleunigen. Dies führt zu einer höheren Splittergeschwindigkeit.The invention is based on the idea to produce relatively clearly defined splinters over the entire projectile casing or selected areas, alternatively for a hand grenade, etc. This is achieved via predetermined breaking points in the material of the projectile or housing shell itself. The material included in the predetermined breaking points require less energy to rupture the shell or housing shell, so that more energy is available to accelerate the splitter. This leads to a higher splitter speed.

Vorgesehen ist ein Metallschaum, der mit einem anderen Material aufgefüllt wird, d. h. die Hohlräume (Poren) des Metallschaums werden mit einem anderen Material aufgefüllt, so dass nach dem Befüllen und ggf. einem Aushärten ein massiver Körper entsteht, welcher keine Hohlräume mehr besitzt.Provided is a metal foam, which is filled with another material, d. H. the cavities (pores) of the metal foam are filled with another material, so that after filling and possibly hardening a solid body is formed, which no longer has cavities.

Ausgehend von der Bereitstellung eines reaktiven Materials für Projektile offenbart die US 2005/0067072 A1 ein reaktives Material sowie ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung. Derartige reaktive Materialien werden allgemein in militärischen Kampfmitteln verwendet und können in einem Projektil, wie Granaten oder Sprengköpfe, zum Ziel getragen werden. Reaktive Materialien sind bekannter Maßen unter anderem Schießpulver, TNT, Nitrochlycerin, Dynamit, spaltbares Material sowie Plastiksprengstoff. Als neues reaktives Material werden nunmehr Verbundstoffe aus Metall und Polymer, speziell ein Metallschaum mit Polymer, vorgeschlagen.Starting from the provision of a reactive material for projectiles discloses the US 2005/0067072 A1 a reactive material and a process for its preparation. Such reactive materials are commonly used in military ordnance and can be carried in a projectile, such as grenades or warheads. Reactive materials are known to include gunpowder, TNT, nitrochlycerol, dynamite, fissile material and plastic explosives. As a new reactive material now composites of metal and polymer, especially a metal foam with polymer proposed.

Der Metallschaum der vorliegenden Erfindung kann aus verschiedenen Metallen bestehen und bildet das Grundgerüst für die Geschoss- bzw. Gehäusehülle und den Träger für das Füllmaterial. Das Füllmaterial dient seinerseits dazu, dem Geschoss bzw. Gehäuse neben dem Metallschaum die notwendige Festigkeit und Stabilität zu geben und zum andern zur Splitterdefinition. Die Stege des Metallschaums, welche mitten im Füllmaterial eingebettet sind, bilden in diesem so etwas wie Sollbruchstellen. Bei der Detonation des Sprengstoffes wird das Material entlang dieser Sollbruchstellen aufgerissen. Es bilden sich Splitter in der Größe der Poren des Metallschaums. Durch die Porengröße bei der Metallschaumherstellung ist somit die Größer der Splitter variierbar und definiert einstellbar.The metal foam of the present invention may be composed of various metals and forms the skeleton for the shell and the carrier for the filler. The filling material in turn serves to give the bullet or housing in addition to the metal foam the necessary strength and stability and the other to splinter definition. The webs of the metal foam, which are embedded in the middle of the filling material, form something like predetermined breaking points in this. During the detonation of the explosive, the material is torn open along these predetermined breaking points. Splinters are formed in the size of the pores of the metal foam. Due to the pore size in the metal foam production thus the size of the splitter is variable and defined adjustable.

Die Porengröße und somit die Splittergröße lässt sich beim Herstellprozess des Metallschaums bestimmen und so auslegen, dass die Festigkeitswerte, die an das Geschoss bzw. die Geschoss- bzw. Gehäusehülle gestellt werden, nicht nur eingehalten werden können, sondern auch entsprechend dieser Werte individueller gestaltet werden können. Gleichzeitig können die Splitteranzahl als auch das Splittergewicht zielgerichtet beeinflusst werden.The pore size and thus the fragment size can be determined in the production process of the metal foam and interpreted so that the strength values that are applied to the projectile or the projectile or housing cover are made, not only can be maintained, but also can be made more individual according to these values. At the same time, the number of splinters as well as the splitter weight can be purposefully influenced.

Als Füllwerkstoff sind verschiedene Materialien verwendbar. So zum Beispiel Keramiken und deren Verbundwerkstoffe, Stähle oder andere Metallarten. Abgestimmt werden können diese gemeinsam mit den Materialeigenschaften des Metallschaums, beispielsweise unter Berücksichtigung der Dichten, der Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten, der Festigkeitswerte, des Temperaturbereiches etc. (in Anlehnung an die Anforderungen an eine Geschosshülle etc.). Diese können im Herstellungsprozess miteinander bzw. aufeinander abgestimmt werden. Zu beachten bleibt dabei, dass die Materialien (Metallschaum, Füllmaterial) umgeformt bzw. in eine bestimmte Form gebracht werden sollten.As filler material different materials can be used. For example, ceramics and their composites, steels or other types of metals. These can be tuned together with the material properties of the metal foam, for example taking into account the densities, the thermal expansion coefficients, the strength values, Temperature range, etc. (based on the requirements of a projectile casing, etc.). These can be coordinated with each other in the manufacturing process. It should be noted that the materials (metal foam, filling material) should be reshaped or brought into a specific shape.

Anhand eines kleinen Ausführungsbeispiels mit Zeichnung soll die Erfindung kurz erläutert werden.Reference to a small embodiment with drawing, the invention will be explained briefly.

Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
ein Sprenggeschoss mit einer Geschosshülle aus aufgefüllten Metallschaum,
Fig. 2
den Metallschaum aus Fig. 1.
It shows:
Fig. 1
an explosive projectile with a shell of filled metal foam,
Fig. 2
the metal foam Fig. 1 ,

In Fig. 1 ist ein Sprenggeschoss 1 mit einer Geschosshülle 2 und einer im Geschoss 1 befindlichen Sprengladung 3 dargestellt.In Fig. 1 an explosive projectile 1 with a projectile casing 2 and an explosive charge 3 located in the projectile 1 is shown.

Fig. 2 zeigt einen Metallschaum 5, welcher mit Füllmaterial 6 ausgefüllt ist. Der Metallschaum 5 dient einerseits als stützendes und formgebendes Element des Geschosses 1 und andererseits stellen die Stege 7 des Metallschaums 5 Sollbruchstellen in dem eingegossenen (Füll-) Material 6 dar, welches in die Hohlräume 8 des Metallschaums 5 aufgefüllt wird. Fig. 2 shows a metal foam 5, which is filled with filler 6. The metal foam 5 serves on the one hand as a supporting and shaping element of the projectile 1 and on the other hand represent the webs 7 of the metal foam 5 predetermined breaking points in the cast (filling) material 6, which is filled into the cavities 8 of the metal foam 5.

Die Funktionsweise ist wie folgt:

  • Bei der Detonation des Spreng- oder Explosivstoffes 3 wirken die Stege 7 zwischen dem Füllmaterial 6 wie Risse bzw. Sollbruchstellen in dem Füllmaterial 6. Unter der Voraussetzung, dass das Füllmaterial 6 eine bestimmte Härte hat, um an diesen Rissen auseinander zu brechen, wird dieses mit Brechen der Stege 7 auseinander gebrochen und die sich dabei bildenden Splitter werden durch den Druck beschleunigt.
The operation is as follows:
  • In the detonation of explosive or explosive material 3, the webs 7 between the filler 6 act as cracks or predetermined breaking points in the filler 6. Provided that the filler 6 has a certain hardness to break apart at these cracks, this will broken apart with breaking the webs 7 and the resulting splinters are accelerated by the pressure.

Claims (6)

  1. Housing material for an explosive projectile (1), a hand grenade or the like having fragment formation, wherein the material is a metal foam (5) and the hollow spaces (8) in the metal foam (5) are filled with a filler material (6), wherein
    • the metal foam (5) can consist of various metals and forms the skeletal structure for the projectile casing or housing casing and the support for the filler material (5),
    • walls (7) of the metal foam (5) form predetermined breaking points in the filler material (6),
    • upon detonation of the explosive, the material (5) is torn open along said predetermined breaking points (7) and the walls (7) between the filler material (6) act like cracks or predetermined breaking points in the filler material (6), wherein
    • the filler material (6) has a specific hardness in order to break apart at these cracks, such that the filler material (6) is broken apart upon breakage of the walls (7) and the fragments which form in the process are accelerated by the pressure.
  2. Housing material according to Claim 1, characterized in that ceramics and composite materials thereof, steels or other types of metal serve as the filler material (6).
  3. Housing material according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the number of fragments and also the weight of fragments can be adjusted in a targeted manner by the hollow spaces (8) in the metal foam (5).
  4. Housing material according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that relatively clearly defined fragments are produced over the entire projectile casing or selected regions.
  5. Housing material according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, during the process for the production of the metal foam (5), the pore size and therefore the fragment size can be determined and formed in such a way that the strength values demanded of the projectile or the projectile casing or housing casing can not only be observed, but can also be configured in a more individual manner in accordance with these values.
  6. Housing material according to one of Claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the materials used as the filler material (6) can be coordinated together with the material properties of the metal foam (5), for example taking into consideration the densities, the coefficients of thermal expansion, the strength values, the temperature range, on the basis of the demands made on the projectile casing.
EP08785832A 2007-10-05 2008-09-06 Housing material for an explosive shell, a hand grenade, or the like Not-in-force EP2195604B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200710048040 DE102007048040A1 (en) 2007-10-05 2007-10-05 Housing material for an explosive bullet, a hand grenade or the like
PCT/EP2008/007302 WO2009046797A1 (en) 2007-10-05 2008-09-06 Housing material for an explosive shell, a hand grenade, or the like

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2195604A1 EP2195604A1 (en) 2010-06-16
EP2195604B1 true EP2195604B1 (en) 2012-09-05

Family

ID=40268223

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08785832A Not-in-force EP2195604B1 (en) 2007-10-05 2008-09-06 Housing material for an explosive shell, a hand grenade, or the like

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2195604B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102007048040A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2392723T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2009046797A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014019202A1 (en) 2014-12-19 2016-06-23 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg bullet
DE102022002278A1 (en) 2022-06-23 2023-12-28 Diehl Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Active body with predetermined breaking points for projectiles

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2480427B1 (en) * 1980-04-09 1986-02-28 Michel Gerard ENCLOSURE GENERATOR FOR EXPLOSIVE PROJECTILE
DE19753188C2 (en) 1997-11-21 2002-06-06 Diehl Stiftung & Co Splinter-forming shell for ammunition
US6846372B1 (en) * 2003-03-31 2005-01-25 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Reactively induced fragmentating explosives
US20050067072A1 (en) 2003-09-09 2005-03-31 Government Of The United States Of America. Reinforced reactive material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102007048040A1 (en) 2009-04-09
ES2392723T3 (en) 2012-12-13
WO2009046797A1 (en) 2009-04-16
EP2195604A1 (en) 2010-06-16

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