EP2997236B1 - Dampfturbine - Google Patents

Dampfturbine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2997236B1
EP2997236B1 EP14753048.9A EP14753048A EP2997236B1 EP 2997236 B1 EP2997236 B1 EP 2997236B1 EP 14753048 A EP14753048 A EP 14753048A EP 2997236 B1 EP2997236 B1 EP 2997236B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
turbine
steam
blading
wall
sealing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14753048.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2997236A1 (de
Inventor
Ingo Assmann
Thilo Müller
Tim Neuberg
Michael STÖBE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP2997236A1 publication Critical patent/EP2997236A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2997236B1 publication Critical patent/EP2997236B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
    • F01D1/02—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines
    • F01D1/04—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines traversed by the working-fluid substantially axially
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/14—Form or construction
    • F01D5/147—Construction, i.e. structural features, e.g. of weight-saving hollow blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F01K13/006—Auxiliaries or details not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/31—Application in turbines in steam turbines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a steam turbine.
  • steam is used to operate steam turbines as the working medium.
  • Pressurized water vapor is generated in a steam boiler and flows via pipelines into the steam turbine.
  • the previously recorded Energy of the working medium converted into kinetic energy.
  • kinetic energy for example, a generator is operated, which converts the generated mechanical power into electrical power.
  • the expanded and cooled steam flows into a condenser where it is condensed by heat transfer in a heat exchanger and returned as liquid water by a pump to the boiler for heating, evaporation and subsequent overheating.
  • the steam power process is evolving towards ever higher live steam parameters. Due to these high live steam parameters, the condensation point of the system shifts deeper into the area of the wet steam and thus a partial condensation.
  • the housing material in the inflow area of the turbine is greatly weakened by the very hot steam in its strength properties, so that it can no longer counteract the pressures prevailing in the interior.
  • a thickening of the housing wall is only conditionally possible, since in very thick housings unacceptably high, thermally induced stresses in the housing wall due to temperature changes occur. In the area of exposure to the reheated steam prevail the same temperatures, therefore, here too, the housing material is greatly weakened. Turbine systems with reheating of conventional systems are thus distinguished by two points in the course of the expansion, which are endangered by extremely high temperatures.
  • the invention was based on the object of reducing the load, in particular the temperature load and pressure load, of a turbine outer casing of a steam turbine.
  • the object of the invention is a steam turbine having a turbine housing with an outer wall, a turbine shaft rotatably mounted in the turbine housing about a turbine axis, a first turbine part, at least a second turbine part, which is arranged in the axial direction of the turbine shaft after the first turbine part, wherein the relaxation direction for steam guided by the steam turbine runs from the first turbine part to the second turbine part, solved.
  • the first turbine part is preferably designed as a high-pressure turbine part
  • the second turbine part is preferably designed as a medium-pressure turbine part and / or as a low-pressure turbine part.
  • the low pressure turbine part can also be designed as a neighboring turbine housing (multi-flow). If, for example, two second turbine parts are provided, the first turbine part is preferably followed by a middle-pressure turbine part and, preferably, one or more low-pressure turbine parts.
  • the steam turbine is designed by the two inner housing in the region of the introduction of the live steam and the reheated steam bivalves. That is, a first inner housing and in the second downstream turbine part, a second inner housing is inserted into the turbine housing in the first turbine part.
  • the first inner housing shields the turbine housing, in particular the outer wall of the turbine housing, from the high temperatures of the incoming live steam.
  • the second inner housing shields the turbine housing, in particular the inner wall of the turbine housing, from the high temperatures of the superheated steam.
  • the pressure gradient is split into two pressure stages, thus allowing very high steam parameters in the inner casings.
  • the arranged in the region of the introduction of the reheated steam second inner housing is a separate component, which is separated from the first inner housing in the region of Frischdampfeinströmung. This makes it possible to make the turbine interior and the relaxation process variable and to arrange both inner housing against the main expansion direction, so that the thrust in the steam turbine can be almost completely compensated.
  • a particular advantage results from the free arrangement of the inner housing, because thus the sealing system of the turbine can be optimized for minimal leakage losses. Due to the rectified relaxation direction of the two inner housing, the sealing shell between the first turbine part and the second turbine part is required. This sealing cup is used exclusively with the pressure difference between the cold and hot line to or from the reheat burdened. Therefore, almost no leakage occurs in the area of the sealing shell.
  • the first inner housing In the relaxation direction of the steam is located in the steam turbine in the first turbine part, the first inner housing.
  • the first blading may include a plurality of blading drums.
  • a blading drum has respective guide blading and blading.
  • the live steam is expanded counter to the main expansion direction of the steam through the steam turbine. This results in two positive effects. First, the first inner housing is cooled by the flowing colder steam and the overall thrust of the turbine is reduced, since builds up in this area, a counter-thrust. After the inner housing, a further drum blading can additionally be arranged in the rear part of the first turbine part. Subsequently, the relaxation process is interrupted by the sealing shell.
  • the cold reheat steam in the rear part of the first turbine part is completely led out of the turbine and superheated in the superheater, in particular in a steam boiler.
  • the superheated steam in the second turbine part flows back into the steam turbine.
  • the steam is very hot, so that the strength of a single-shell turbine housing would be exceeded. That is why the Steam introduced into the second inner housing.
  • the superheated steam is expanded until it has reached a temperature that is permissible for the turbine housing, in particular the outer wall of the turbine housing.
  • the pressure and temperature in the area between the inner housings and the outer wall of the turbine housing are lower than within the inner housing.
  • the turbine outer housing is less stressed. This ensures that the turbine housing or the outer wall of the turbine housing is not or little curved during operation of the steam turbine. Due to the special arrangement and design of the inner housing and the blading in the inner housings, it is achieved that prevail in the relaxation direction in front of and behind the sealing shell no extreme pressure and temperature parameters, so that leakage through the sealing elements of the sealing shell are low.
  • the second inner housing with the second blading as the first inner housing with the first blading, is used against the direction of relaxation of the vapor.
  • the second inner housing is cooled by the steam flowing around.
  • a superheater is arranged, which is used for overheating of the first Intermediate steam line exiting "cold" steam and for forwarding the overheated in the superheater steam to the second intermediate steam line is formed.
  • the first turbine part may preferably be provided in a steam turbine that at least a third blading with a Leitbeschaufelung on the inside of the outer wall and a corresponding blade blading on the turbine shaft is arranged in the rear part of the first turbine part ,
  • This third blading is not located between the inner wall of the blade area of the first inner housing and the turbine shaft, but between the outer wall of the turbine housing and the turbine shaft.
  • the third blading between the first inner housing and the sealing shell can be installed.
  • This third blading also relieves the sealing shell.
  • the possibility of inserting a further blading exists only within the technically controllable parameters of the single-shell housing area.
  • a steam turbine in which arranged in the rear part of the second turbine part or the rear part of the second turbine part downstream in the expansion direction, a third turbine part, in particular a low-pressure turbine part is arranged.
  • the first turbine part is a high-pressure turbine part and the second turbine part is a medium-pressure turbine part or a low-pressure turbine part.
  • the sealing areas of the inner housings are sealed off via sealing elements to the turbine shaft. This can be done for example via brush or labyrinth seals.
  • Fig. 1 schematically the course of the steam 40 is shown in a first embodiment of a steam turbine 1 according to the invention.
  • Live steam 42 flows from outside the turbine housing 2 through a main steam line 41 into the interior of the first inner housing 11.
  • the first inner housing 11 is arranged in the first turbine part 10, which is preferably a high-pressure part.
  • the first inner housing 11 has a first sealing area 12 and a first blade area 13.
  • the first sealing region 12 extends perpendicular to In this case, the first sealing region divides the first turbine part 10 into a front part 14 and a rear part 15.
  • the first blade region 13 extends parallel to the turbine axis 4 against the main expansion direction 30 of the steam 40 through the steam turbine 1 from the first sealing region 12 away.
  • a first Leitbeschaufelung 16 is arranged at the turbine shaft 5 facing side of the first blade portion 13.
  • a correspondingly designed first rotor blading 17 is arranged on the turbine shaft 5.
  • the first guide blading 16 and the first blading 17 together form a first blading or blading drum.
  • the fresh steam 42 flowing into the first inner housing 11 is guided through the first blading 16, 17, that is to say counter to the actual expansion direction 30 of the steam 40.
  • the live steam 42 is thereby released.
  • the pressure and the temperature of the live steam take place in the first blading 16, 17, so that in the front part 14 of the first turbine part 10, the pressure and the temperature are lower than before the relaxation by the first blading 16, 17.
  • the expanded steam 40 flows around the first inner housing 11 completely and cools it thereby.
  • the load of the outer wall 3 of the turbine housing 2 is also reduced by the expansion of the live steam 42 within the first inner housing 11.
  • the relaxed live steam flows along the outside of the first blade area 13 and is interspersed through openings 18 in the first sealing area 12 and through openings 18, respectively the first sealing region 12 and the outer wall 3 of the turbine housing 2 to the rear part 15 of the first turbine part 10 passed. In this rear part 15 of the steam 40 is cooled and the pressure of the steam 40 is reduced.
  • the first turbine part 10 is separated from the second turbine part 20 by a sealing shell 6.
  • the sealing shell 6 extends between the outer wall 3 of the turbine housing 2 and the turbine shaft 5. In this case, the sealing shell 6 is sealed by means of sealing elements 8 to the turbine shaft 5.
  • the cold, Relaxed steam 44 is led out of the rear part 15 through a first intermediate steam line 43 through the turbine housing 2 to an external superheater 50, see Fig. 2 , In the superheater 50, the steam is superheated and returned to the second turbine part 20. That is, the superheated steam 46 is passed through a second intermediate steam line through the turbine housing 2 into the interior of the second inner housing 21 arranged in the second turbine section 10.
  • a second blading 26, 27 is provided within the second inner housing 21, a second blading 26, 27 is provided.
  • the second inner housing 21 is similar or the same as the first inner housing 11.
  • a second sealing portion 22 of the second inner housing 21 extends perpendicular to the turbine axis 4.
  • a second blade portion 23 is arranged, which is opposite to the main expansion direction 30 of the steam 40 extends through the steam turbine 1.
  • the superheated steam 46 is expanded by the second blading 26, 27 and fed to the front part 24 of the second turbine part 20.
  • the second sealing area 22 of the second inner housing separates the front part 24 from the rear part 25.
  • the expanded steam 40 cools both the second inner housing 21 and the outer wall 3 of the turbine housing 2. As a result, the loads on the single-shell turbine housing 2 are reduced.
  • the expanded steam 40 enters the rear part 25 of the second turbine part 20. From there, the cooled, wet exhaust steam 48 via a Dampfauslasstechnisch 47 are discharged from the turbine housing.
  • the first inner housing 11 is cooled by the flowing colder steam 40 and the total thrust of the steam turbine 1 is reduced, since in this area a counter-thrust builds.
  • a further drum blading with a guide blading 60 and a rotor blading 61 can additionally be arranged in the rear part 15 of the first turbine part 10. This relaxes the steam 40 on. Subsequently, the relaxation process is interrupted by the sealing shell 6.
  • the cold reheat steam 44 in the rear part 15 of the first turbine part 10 is completely led out of the steam turbine 1 and overheated again in the superheater 50. Subsequently, the superheated steam 46 flows into the second turbine part 20 back into the steam turbine 1. At this point, the steam 46 is very hot.
  • the superheated steam 46 is introduced into the second inner housing 21.
  • the superheated steam 46 is relaxed until it has reached a temperature permissible for the turbine housing 2, in particular the outer wall 3 of the turbine housing 2.
  • a further blading 70, 71 can be arranged in the rear part 25 of the second turbine part 20, see 3 and 4 , This can be arranged between the outer wall 3 and the turbine shaft 5.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
EP14753048.9A 2013-09-30 2014-08-12 Dampfturbine Active EP2997236B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013219771.3A DE102013219771B4 (de) 2013-09-30 2013-09-30 Dampfturbine
PCT/EP2014/067194 WO2015043815A1 (de) 2013-09-30 2014-08-12 Dampfturbine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2997236A1 EP2997236A1 (de) 2016-03-23
EP2997236B1 true EP2997236B1 (de) 2017-03-29

Family

ID=51383714

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14753048.9A Active EP2997236B1 (de) 2013-09-30 2014-08-12 Dampfturbine

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US10227873B2 (ko)
EP (1) EP2997236B1 (ko)
JP (1) JP6203948B2 (ko)
KR (1) KR102319046B1 (ko)
CN (1) CN105612314B (ko)
BR (1) BR112016003647B1 (ko)
DE (1) DE102013219771B4 (ko)
ES (1) ES2626589T3 (ko)
PL (1) PL2997236T3 (ko)
RU (1) RU2659633C2 (ko)
WO (1) WO2015043815A1 (ko)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017211295A1 (de) 2017-07-03 2019-01-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dampfturbine und Verfahren zum Betreiben derselben

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016215770A1 (de) * 2016-08-23 2018-03-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ausströmgehäuse und Dampfturbine mit Ausströmgehäuse
RU2684067C1 (ru) * 2017-10-05 2019-04-03 Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по космической деятельности "РОСКОСМОС" Центростремительная турбина
DE102018219374A1 (de) * 2018-11-13 2020-05-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dampfturbine und Verfahren zum Betreiben derselben

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JPS57119110A (en) * 1981-01-16 1982-07-24 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Cooling device for medium pressure dammy ring of reheating steam turbine
JP2819767B2 (ja) 1990-04-27 1998-11-05 住友化学工業株式会社 ビニル又はビニリデン重合体の製造方法
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JP2002366976A (ja) 2001-06-08 2002-12-20 Fujitsu Ltd オブジェクト表示プログラムおよびオブジェクト表示装置
EP1541810A1 (de) * 2003-12-11 2005-06-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verwendung einer Wärmedämmschicht für ein Bauteil einer Dampfturbine und eine Dampfturbine
JP2006016976A (ja) 2004-06-30 2006-01-19 Toshiba Corp タービンノズル支持装置および蒸気タービン
EP1624155A1 (de) * 2004-08-02 2006-02-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dampfturbine und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Dampfturbine
JP4783053B2 (ja) * 2005-04-28 2011-09-28 株式会社東芝 蒸気タービン発電設備
EP1780376A1 (de) * 2005-10-31 2007-05-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dampfturbine
JP4886271B2 (ja) * 2005-10-31 2012-02-29 株式会社東芝 蒸気タービンおよびその親水性コーティング材料
JP5433183B2 (ja) * 2008-08-07 2014-03-05 株式会社東芝 蒸気タービンおよび蒸気タービンプラントシステム
WO2010097983A1 (ja) 2009-02-25 2010-09-02 三菱重工業株式会社 蒸気タービン発電設備の冷却方法及び装置
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EP2554789A1 (de) * 2011-08-04 2013-02-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dampfturbine umfassend einen Schubausgleichskolben
US9194246B2 (en) * 2011-09-23 2015-11-24 General Electric Company Steam turbine LP casing cylindrical struts between stages

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017211295A1 (de) 2017-07-03 2019-01-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dampfturbine und Verfahren zum Betreiben derselben
WO2019007557A1 (de) 2017-07-03 2019-01-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dampfturbine und verfahren zum betreiben derselben
US11352910B2 (en) 2017-07-03 2022-06-07 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Steam turbine and method for operating same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR112016003647A2 (ko) 2017-08-01
JP6203948B2 (ja) 2017-09-27
KR20160062014A (ko) 2016-06-01
WO2015043815A1 (de) 2015-04-02
CN105612314B (zh) 2017-09-01
EP2997236A1 (de) 2016-03-23
US20160215623A1 (en) 2016-07-28
CN105612314A (zh) 2016-05-25
RU2016117168A (ru) 2017-11-13
US10227873B2 (en) 2019-03-12
ES2626589T3 (es) 2017-07-25
KR102319046B1 (ko) 2021-10-29
DE102013219771A1 (de) 2015-04-02
BR112016003647B1 (pt) 2022-12-06
RU2016117168A3 (ko) 2018-04-03
PL2997236T3 (pl) 2017-09-29
DE102013219771B4 (de) 2016-03-31
JP2017500465A (ja) 2017-01-05
RU2659633C2 (ru) 2018-07-03

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