EP2997194B1 - Concrete sleeper and solid carriageway - Google Patents

Concrete sleeper and solid carriageway Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2997194B1
EP2997194B1 EP14715896.8A EP14715896A EP2997194B1 EP 2997194 B1 EP2997194 B1 EP 2997194B1 EP 14715896 A EP14715896 A EP 14715896A EP 2997194 B1 EP2997194 B1 EP 2997194B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
concrete sleeper
concrete
anchor block
ring
sleeper
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EP14715896.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2997194A1 (en
Inventor
Arnold Pieringer
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Pcm Railone AG
Rail One GmbH
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Pcm RailOne AG
Rail One GmbH
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Publication of EP2997194A1 publication Critical patent/EP2997194A1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B3/00—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails
    • E01B3/28—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from concrete or from natural or artificial stone
    • E01B3/42—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from concrete or from natural or artificial stone combined with inserts of wood or other material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
    • E01B1/002—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
    • E01B1/002—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers
    • E01B1/007—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers with interlocking means to withstand horizontal forces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a concrete sleeper for a fixed carriageway, with a step having dowel block, which is inserted with its upper portion in such a lower-side recess of the concrete sleeper that in the installed state, an enlarged diameter of the dowel is below the stage, wherein the dowel stone means a ring made of an elastomer is elastically mounted and can be used with its lower portion in a fillable recess of a cover layer of the fixed track.
  • a concrete sleeper for a fixed carriageway.
  • the fixed carriageway comprises a lower support layer, a first applied asphalt layer and a second asphalt layer applied as a cover layer.
  • the cover layer has recesses into which a dowel is inserted, which is thus arranged with its lower portion in the recess and with its upper portion in the lower side recess of the concrete sleeper.
  • the concrete sleeper is designed as a broad threshold, ie only a small distance is provided between two adjacent concrete sleepers.
  • Getrac registered trademark
  • a similar built solid carriageway is in the DE 102 30 740 A1 described.
  • the arranged between the concrete sleeper and the dowel elastic ring is conically formed on its outer side, whereby the insertion is facilitated.
  • At the bottom of the concrete sleeper is a thin fleece to compensate for any unevenness of the top layer. Since the concrete sleeper is hard-bedded due to the hard base course, which is usually made of asphalt in this system, it is usually mounted with a highly elastic attachment that can absorb the loads occurring when driving on rail vehicles and distribute in the longitudinal direction.
  • Such solid roads with elastic intermediate layers represent a mass-spring system, can be transmitted by the vibrations and structure-borne noise to adjacent areas, buildings and structures. These waves can cause noise (secondary airborne sound) in the audible frequency range as well as cause vibrations of the floor or buildings.
  • the aim is to set the frequency range and the amplitude of the vibrations generated so that the vibrations or the generated sound remain limited to certain non-interfering frequency ranges.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a concrete sleeper for a fixed carriageway, by which vibrations are transmitted less strongly to adjacent areas.
  • a sole of an elastic material is arranged on the underside of the concrete sleeper, that the outer edge of the step of the dowel is rounded and that the underside recess of the concrete sleeper has a peripheral step on which the ring rests with its upper outer corner.
  • the invention is based on the recognition that a considerable improvement, i. a reduction of the vibration emissions can be achieved by the spring of the mass-spring system tolerated as tolerated superstructure as possible and the above the spring arranged mass is increased.
  • a sole made of an elastic material is arranged on the underside of the concrete sleeper, whereby the mass (concrete sleeper) mounted on the spring (sole) is considerably increased compared to a merely elastically mounted rail of a conventional solid pavement.
  • the concrete sleeper according to the invention shakes less than in a conventional fixed carriageway less strongly transmitted to the environment.
  • the sole of the concrete sleeper according to the invention may be made of an elastomer, particularly preferred being EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene monomer).
  • EPDM ethylene-propylene-diene monomer
  • the sole is designed according to static and dynamic requirements, in particular, the thickness and stiffness of the sole is such that a required or desired depression is achieved when driving through a rail vehicle, which is also compatible with respect to the stability of the rails .
  • the sole may preferably have a thickness between 6 mm and 20 mm, more preferably a sole thickness between 8 mm and 14 mm.
  • the depressions can reach 1.5 mm to 4 mm in such a sole.
  • the sole may be provided on one or both sides with a fleece.
  • a development of the invention may provide that the sole has a recess in the region of the lower-side recess for the dowel brick.
  • this recess may also be provided at the threshold ends.
  • This recess may be circular or square, so that the dowel stone can be easily mounted.
  • the dowel must not necessarily be round or cylindrical, it can also be quadrangular or hexagonal.
  • the sole may be formed in two parts by a first sole portion is arranged below a threshold block and a second sole portion below the second, opposite threshold block.
  • the sole is not formed over its entire surface below a threshold block or a rail support, instead it may, for. B. may be formed as a strip which is narrower than the rail support.
  • the dowel of the concrete sleeper according to the invention has a step with a downwardly enlarged diameter, wherein the outer edge of the step is rounded.
  • the rounded step prevents the ring made from the elastomer from being damaged by the millions of drop-in movements that occur during operation. Since no sharp edge is present at this point, unlike in the prior art, damage to the elastomeric ring is avoided.
  • the width of the step of the dowel block can be so dimensioned that the ring rests approximately at half its radial width on the level of the dowel block.
  • the underside recess of the concrete sleeper has a circumferential rounded step on which the ring abuts with its upper outer corner.
  • the ring is approximately at half its radial width at the level of the concrete sleeper. This means that the ring, which has a quadrangular or approximately rectangular cross-section, rests on two diagonally opposite corner points, so that it experiences a shear deformation under load and deforms like a parallelogram. This deformation is based on the one hand with its upper, outer corner at the level of the concrete sleeper and on the other hand with its lower, inner corner at the level of the dowel stone rests.
  • the ring is preferably circular, besides other, adapted to the cross section of the dowel block are conceivable, for. B., the ring may be formed as a square, square or hexagonal enclosure.
  • the invention relates to a solid track, comprising a plurality of concrete sleepers of the type described, which are embedded in a cover layer or a support layer, wherein the cover layer or the support layer has on its upper side recesses for the dowels, which are filled with a potting compound.
  • the in the Fig. 1 and 2 shown in a side view and a plan view concrete sleeper 1 is formed as a broad threshold and comprises two threshold blocks 2, 3 at the top rail supports 4, 5 are formed.
  • the two threshold blocks 2, 3 are interconnected by a central portion 6, the - as in Fig. 2 can be seen - has a smaller width than the threshold blocks 2, 3.
  • the broad threshold described in this embodiment is not to be understood as a limitation, since the concrete sleeper also another form, for. B. a cuboid shape may have.
  • the threshold blocks 2, 3 form with the rail supports 4, 5 and the central portion 6 an integral, monolithic component. Below the threshold blocks 2, 3 is in each case a sole 7, 8 arranged from an elastic material.
  • the sole is made of EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene monomer) and has a thickness of 14 mm.
  • the specified thickness is not to be understood as a limitation, but the thickness of the sole can typically be between 6 and 20 mm, the sole thickness used is determined in the context of the design of the stiffness and the tuning frequency of the concrete threshold.
  • the concrete sleeper 1 On its underside, the concrete sleeper 1 has in its middle section 6 an annular recess 9 into which a dowel block with an elastomeric ring can be inserted.
  • the concrete sleeper 1 When installed, the concrete sleeper 1 is coupled via the dowel block with the base course of a fixed carriageway, so that horizontal forces can be transmitted to the ground. Vertical forces are introduced from the concrete sleeper 1 via the sole 7, 8 in the base course.
  • Fig. 3 shows the concrete sleeper 1 cut in the transverse direction in the region of its recess, after installation in a fixed carriageway.
  • the concrete sleeper 1 has a plurality of reinforcing bars 10, 11, which may be limp or biased.
  • a dowel brick 12 is arranged, which is secured with an assembly line 13.
  • an elastic ring 14 which is made of an elastomer.
  • the dowel stone 12 has a level 15.
  • the dowel brick 12 has a larger diameter than above the step 15.
  • the outer edge formed by the step 15, on which a corner of the ring 14 rests, is rounded.
  • Fig. 3 shows the concrete sleeper 1 cut in the transverse direction in the region of its recess, after installation in a fixed carriageway.
  • the concrete sleeper 1 has a plurality of reinforcing bars 10, 11, which may be limp or biased.
  • Below the concrete sleeper 1 a dowel brick 12 is arranged, which is secured with an assembly line 13.
  • an elastic ring 14 which is made
  • the recess 9 of the concrete sleeper 1 has a peripheral step 17 with an outwardly enlarged diameter, at this stage 17 is the ring 14 with its upper outer corner.
  • the step 17 is rounded as the step 15, whereby damage to the ring 14 is avoided under load deformation.
  • Fig. 3 It is shown that the ring 14 bears approximately on its half radial width at the step 17 of the recess 9 of the concrete sleeper 1.
  • an asphalt base layer 18 is provided with recesses 19 for the dowels 12.
  • the recesses 19 are cylindrical and adapted to the size of the dowels 12, the depth of the recesses 19 is selected so that below the dowel stone inserted together with the concrete sleeper a space 20 remains, which subsequently, after positioning and aligning the concrete sleeper 1, is cast with a potting compound or a grout 21. From the recess 19 extending laterally Vergussschlitze 22, through which the potting compound 21 is filled.
  • the concrete sleepers 1 have rail fastenings, which - unlike conventional fixed carriageways - are not highly elastic rail fastenings.
  • the rail fastenings used allow compensation in height and lateral direction.
  • the height compensation is made possible by documents of different thicknesses, the side compensation by angle guide plates of different widths.
  • a hard intermediate layer is provided, which is arranged between the rail and the surface of the concrete sleeper and consists of EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate).
  • Fig. 4 shows a fixed track 23 comprising the concrete sleeper 1, are supported on the rails 24, which are held by rail fasteners 25.
  • the concrete sleeper 1 is connected via the dowel block 12 with an asphalt cover layer 26, which is located above an asphalt base layer 27.
  • the multi-layer asphalt base course is supported on an antifreeze layer 28.
  • the loads occurring when driving on the fixed carriageway 23 are introduced into the asphalt covering layer 26 essentially via the soles 7, 8 arranged below the concrete sleeper 1.
  • the spring stiffness of the sole 7, 8, which has the function of a spring in the spring-mass system designed soft, which also has a positive effect on the tuning frequency.
  • the threshold When driving by rail vehicles, the threshold is moved vertically downwards and then up again.
  • the ring 14 can absorb these movements approximately wear-neutral, since it rests against two diagonally opposite corners, on the one hand to the dowel block 12 and on the other hand to the recess 9 of the concrete sleeper 1.
  • the fixed carriageway is made in concrete construction.
  • the concrete sleepers are mounted by means of the dowel on a concrete base course.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Betonschwelle für eine feste Fahrbahn, mit einem eine Stufe aufweisenden Dübelstein, der mit seinem oberen Abschnitt derart in eine unterseitige Ausnehmung der Betonschwelle eingesetzt ist, dass sich im Einbauzustand ein vergrößerter Durchmesser des Dübelsteins unterhalb der Stufe befindet, wobei der Dübelstein mittels eines aus einem Elastomer hergestellten Rings elastisch gelagert ist und der mit seinem unteren Abschnitt in eine verfüllbare Aussparung einer Deckschicht der festen Fahrbahn einsetzbar ist.The invention relates to a concrete sleeper for a fixed carriageway, with a step having dowel block, which is inserted with its upper portion in such a lower-side recess of the concrete sleeper that in the installed state, an enlarged diameter of the dowel is below the stage, wherein the dowel stone means a ring made of an elastomer is elastically mounted and can be used with its lower portion in a fillable recess of a cover layer of the fixed track.

In der DE 202 13 667 U1 wird eine Betonschwelle für eine feste Fahrbahn vorgeschlagen. Die feste Fahrbahn umfasst eine untere Tragschicht, eine erste aufgebrachte Asphaltschicht und eine zweite als Deckschicht aufgebrachte Asphaltschicht. Die Deckschicht weist Aussparungen auf, in die ein Dübelstein eingesetzt ist, der somit mit seinem unteren Abschnitt in der Aussparung und mit seinem oberen Abschnitt in der unterseitigen Ausnehmung der Betonschwelle angeordnet ist. Die Betonschwelle ist als Breitschwelle ausgebildet, d. h. zwischen zwei benachbarten Betonschwellen ist lediglich ein geringer Abstand vorgesehen. Eine derartige feste Fahrbahn wird von der Anmelderin unter der Bezeichnung Getrac (eingetragene Marke) angeboten.In the DE 202 13 667 U1 a concrete sleeper is proposed for a fixed carriageway. The fixed carriageway comprises a lower support layer, a first applied asphalt layer and a second asphalt layer applied as a cover layer. The cover layer has recesses into which a dowel is inserted, which is thus arranged with its lower portion in the recess and with its upper portion in the lower side recess of the concrete sleeper. The concrete sleeper is designed as a broad threshold, ie only a small distance is provided between two adjacent concrete sleepers. Such a fixed track is offered by the applicant under the name Getrac (registered trademark).

Eine ähnlich aufgebaute feste Fahrbahn wird in der DE 102 30 740 A1 beschrieben. Der zwischen der Betonschwelle und dem Dübelstein angeordnete elastische Ring ist an seiner Außenseite konisch ausgebildet, wodurch das Einsetzen erleichtert wird. An der Unterseite der Betonschwelle befindet sich ein dünnes Vlies, um eventuelle Unebenheiten der Deckschicht auszugleichen. Da die Betonschwelle wegen der harten Tragschichten, die bei diesem System üblicherweise aus Asphalt hergestellt sind, hart gebettet ist, wird sie üblicherweise mit einer hochelastischen Befestigung montiert, die die beim Befahren durch Schienenfahrzeuge auftretenden Lasten aufnehmen und in Längsrichtung verteilen kann.A similar built solid carriageway is in the DE 102 30 740 A1 described. The arranged between the concrete sleeper and the dowel elastic ring is conically formed on its outer side, whereby the insertion is facilitated. At the bottom of the concrete sleeper is a thin fleece to compensate for any unevenness of the top layer. Since the concrete sleeper is hard-bedded due to the hard base course, which is usually made of asphalt in this system, it is usually mounted with a highly elastic attachment that can absorb the loads occurring when driving on rail vehicles and distribute in the longitudinal direction.

Derartige feste Fahrbahnen mit elastischen Zwischenschichten stellen ein Masse-Feder-System dar, durch das Erschütterungen und Körperschall an benachbarte Flächen, Gebäude und Bauwerke übertragen werden kann. Diese Wellen können sowohl im hörbaren Frequenzbereich Geräusche (Sekundärluftschall) verursachen als auch Vibrationen des Bodens oder von Gebäuden verursachen. Bei der Auslegung einer derartigen festen Fahrbahn wird daher angestrebt, den Frequenzbereich und die Amplitude der erzeugten Schwingungen so festzulegen, dass die Erschütterungen bzw. der erzeugte Schall auf bestimmte, nicht störende Frequenzbereiche beschränkt bleiben.Such solid roads with elastic intermediate layers represent a mass-spring system, can be transmitted by the vibrations and structure-borne noise to adjacent areas, buildings and structures. These waves can cause noise (secondary airborne sound) in the audible frequency range as well as cause vibrations of the floor or buildings. In the design of such a fixed track, therefore, the aim is to set the frequency range and the amplitude of the vibrations generated so that the vibrations or the generated sound remain limited to certain non-interfering frequency ranges.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Betonschwelle für eine feste Fahrbahn anzugeben, durch die Erschütterungen weniger stark an benachbarte Bereiche übertragen werden.The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a concrete sleeper for a fixed carriageway, by which vibrations are transmitted less strongly to adjacent areas.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist bei einer Betonschwelle der eingangs genannten Art erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass an der Unterseite der Betonschwelle eine Sohle aus einem elastischen Material angeordnet ist, dass die Außenkante der Stufe des Dübelsteins abgerundet ist und dass die unterseitige Ausnehmung der Betonschwelle eine umlaufende Stufe aufweist, an der der Ring mit seiner oberen äußeren Ecke anliegt.To solve this problem is provided according to the invention in a concrete sleeper of the type mentioned that a sole of an elastic material is arranged on the underside of the concrete sleeper, that the outer edge of the step of the dowel is rounded and that the underside recess of the concrete sleeper has a peripheral step on which the ring rests with its upper outer corner.

Die Erfindung beruht auf der Erkenntnis, dass eine erhebliche Verbesserung, d.h. eine Verringerung der Schwingungsemissionen erzielt werden kann, indem die Feder des Masse-Feder-Systems oberbauverträglich möglichst weich gewählt und die oberhalb der Feder angeordnete Masse erhöht wird.The invention is based on the recognition that a considerable improvement, i. a reduction of the vibration emissions can be achieved by the spring of the mass-spring system tolerated as tolerated superstructure as possible and the above the spring arranged mass is increased.

Bei herkömmlichen festen Fahrbahnen weist lediglich die hochelastische Schienenbefestigung federnde Eigenschaften auf. Die Betonschwelle, die eine beträchtliche Masse in der Größenordnung von 300 - 1.200 kg aufweisen kann, ist bei der herkömmlichen festen Fahrbahn jedoch hart auf der Deckschicht aufgelagert.In conventional fixed carriageways, only the highly elastic rail fastening has resilient properties. The concrete sleeper, the one considerable mass of the order of 300-1,200 kg, however, is hard-deposited on the covering layer in the conventional solid roadway.

Erfindungsgemäß ist demgegenüber an der Unterseite der Betonschwelle eine Sohle aus einem elastischen Material angeordnet, wodurch die auf der Feder (Sohle) gelagerte Masse (Betonschwelle) im Vergleich zu einer lediglich elastisch gelagerten Schiene einer herkömmlichen festen Fahrbahn beträchtlich erhöht wird. Versuche haben ergeben, dass durch die erfindungsgemäße Betonschwelle Erschütterungen im Vergleich zu einer herkömmlichen festen Fahrbahn weniger stark in die Umgebung übertragen werden.According to the invention, on the other hand, a sole made of an elastic material is arranged on the underside of the concrete sleeper, whereby the mass (concrete sleeper) mounted on the spring (sole) is considerably increased compared to a merely elastically mounted rail of a conventional solid pavement. Experiments have shown that the concrete sleeper according to the invention shakes less than in a conventional fixed carriageway less strongly transmitted to the environment.

Die Sohle der erfindungsgemäßen Betonschwelle kann aus einem Elastomer hergestellt sein, besonders bevorzugt wird dabei EPDM (Ethylen-Propylen-Dien-Monomer).The sole of the concrete sleeper according to the invention may be made of an elastomer, particularly preferred being EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene monomer).

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Betonschwelle wird die Sohle gemäß statischen und dynamischen Erfordernissen ausgelegt, insbesondere wird die Dicke und die Steifigkeit der Sohle so bemessen, dass eine geforderte bzw. gewünschte Einsenkung beim Befahren durch ein Schienenfahrzeug erzielt wird, die auch hinsichtlich der Stabilität der Schienen verträglich ist. Die Sohle kann vorzugsweise eine Dicke zwischen 6 mm und 20 mm aufweisen, besonders bevorzugt wird eine Sohlendicke zwischen 8 mm und 14 mm. Die Einsenkungen können bei einer derartigen Sohle 1,5 mm bis 4 mm erreichen.In the concrete sleeper according to the invention, the sole is designed according to static and dynamic requirements, in particular, the thickness and stiffness of the sole is such that a required or desired depression is achieved when driving through a rail vehicle, which is also compatible with respect to the stability of the rails , The sole may preferably have a thickness between 6 mm and 20 mm, more preferably a sole thickness between 8 mm and 14 mm. The depressions can reach 1.5 mm to 4 mm in such a sole.

Um die mechanische Festigkeit der Sohle der erfindungsgemäßen Betonschwelle zu verbessern, kann die Sohle an einer oder an beiden Seiten mit einem Vlies versehen sein.In order to improve the mechanical strength of the sole of the concrete sleeper according to the invention, the sole may be provided on one or both sides with a fleece.

Eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann vorsehen, dass die Sohle eine Aussparung im Bereich der unterseitigen Ausnehmung für den Dübelstein aufweist. Gegebenenfalls kann diese Aussparung auch an den Schwellenenden vorgesehen sein.A development of the invention may provide that the sole has a recess in the region of the lower-side recess for the dowel brick. Optionally, this recess may also be provided at the threshold ends.

Diese Ausnehmung kann kreisförmig oder quadratisch sein, so dass der Dübelstein problemlos montiert werden kann. Der Dübelstein muss nicht notwendigerweise rund bzw. zylinderförmig sein, daneben kann er auch viereckig oder sechseckig sein. Alternativ kann die Sohle zweiteilig ausgebildet sein, indem ein erster Sohlenabschnitt unterhalb eines Schwellenblocks und ein zweiter Sohlenabschnitt unterhalb des zweiten, gegenüberliegenden Schwellenblocks angeordnet wird. In Abhängigkeit der jeweiligen Auslegung kann es auch vorgesehen sein, dass die Sohle nicht vollflächig unterhalb eines Schwellenblocks bzw. eines Schienenauflagers ausgebildet ist, stattdessen kann sie z. B. als Streifen ausgebildet sein, der schmaler als das Schienenauflager ausgebildet ist.This recess may be circular or square, so that the dowel stone can be easily mounted. The dowel must not necessarily be round or cylindrical, it can also be quadrangular or hexagonal. Alternatively, the sole may be formed in two parts by a first sole portion is arranged below a threshold block and a second sole portion below the second, opposite threshold block. Depending on the particular design, it may also be provided that the sole is not formed over its entire surface below a threshold block or a rail support, instead it may, for. B. may be formed as a strip which is narrower than the rail support.

Der Dübelstein der erfindungsgemäßen Betonschwelle weist eine Stufe mit einem nach unten vergrößerten Durchmesser auf, wobei die Außenkante der Stufe abgerundet ist. Die abgerundete Stufe verhindert, dass der aus dem Elastomer hergestellte Ring durch die während des Betriebs millionenfach auftretenden Einsenkbewegungen beschädigt wird. Da an dieser Stelle anders als im Stand der Technik keine scharfe Kante vorhanden ist, wird eine Beschädigung des Elastomerrings vermieden.The dowel of the concrete sleeper according to the invention has a step with a downwardly enlarged diameter, wherein the outer edge of the step is rounded. The rounded step prevents the ring made from the elastomer from being damaged by the millions of drop-in movements that occur during operation. Since no sharp edge is present at this point, unlike in the prior art, damage to the elastomeric ring is avoided.

Die Breite der Stufe des Dübelsteins kann dabei so bemessen sein, dass der Ring näherungsweise mit seiner halben radialen Breite auf der Stufe des Dübelsteins aufliegt.The width of the step of the dowel block can be so dimensioned that the ring rests approximately at half its radial width on the level of the dowel block.

Es liegt auch im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die unterseitige Ausnehmung der Betonschwelle eine umlaufende abgerundete Stufe aufweist, an der der Ring mit seiner oberen äußeren Ecke anliegt. Vorzugsweise liegt der Ring näherungsweise auf seiner halben radialen Breite an der Stufe der Betonschwelle an. Das bedeutet, dass der Ring, der einen viereckigen oder näherungsweise rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweist, an zwei diagonal gegenüberliegenden Eckpunkten aufliegt, so dass er bei Belastung eine Schubverformung erfährt und sich ähnlich wie ein Parallelogramm verformt. Diese Verformung beruht darauf, dass er einerseits mit seiner oberen, äußeren Ecke an der Stufe der Betonschwelle und andererseits mit seiner unteren, inneren Ecke an der Stufe des Dübelsteins anliegt. Wenn die Betonschwelle beim Überfahren eines Schienenfahrzeugs vertikal belastet wird, federt zuerst die Sohle der Betonschwelle und gleichzeitig der Ring vertikal ein, auftretende Horizontalkräfte werden über den Dübelstein in die Tragschicht eingeleitet. Der Ring ist vorzugsweise kreisförmig ausgebildet, daneben sind auch andere, an den Querschnitt des Dübelsteins angepasste denkbar, z. B. kann der Ring als viereckige, quadratische oder sechseckige Umfassung ausgebildet sein.It is also within the scope of the invention that the underside recess of the concrete sleeper has a circumferential rounded step on which the ring abuts with its upper outer corner. Preferably, the ring is approximately at half its radial width at the level of the concrete sleeper. This means that the ring, which has a quadrangular or approximately rectangular cross-section, rests on two diagonally opposite corner points, so that it experiences a shear deformation under load and deforms like a parallelogram. This deformation is based on the one hand with its upper, outer corner at the level of the concrete sleeper and on the other hand with its lower, inner corner at the level of the dowel stone rests. If the concrete sleeper is loaded vertically when driving over a rail vehicle, first the sole of the concrete sleeper and at the same time the ring springs vertically, occurring horizontal forces are introduced via the dowel stone into the base course. The ring is preferably circular, besides other, adapted to the cross section of the dowel block are conceivable, for. B., the ring may be formed as a square, square or hexagonal enclosure.

Daneben betrifft die Erfindung eine feste Fahrbahn, umfassend mehrere Betonschwellen der beschriebenen Art, die in eine Deckschicht oder eine Tragschicht eingebettet sind, wobei die Deckschicht oder die Tragschicht an ihrer Oberseite Aussparungen für die Dübelsteine aufweist, die mit einer Vergussmasse verfüllt sind.In addition, the invention relates to a solid track, comprising a plurality of concrete sleepers of the type described, which are embedded in a cover layer or a support layer, wherein the cover layer or the support layer has on its upper side recesses for the dowels, which are filled with a potting compound.

Weitere Vorteile und Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen erläutert. Die Zeichnungen sind schematische Darstellungen und zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Betonschwelle;
Fig. 2
eine Draufsicht der Betonschwelle von Fig. 1;
Fig. 3
eine in Querrichtung geschnittene Ansicht einer in eine feste Fahrbahn eingebetteten Betonschwelle; und
Fig. 4
einen Längsschnitt der in eine feste Fahrbahn eingebetteten erfindungsgemäßen Betonschwelle.
Further advantages and details of the invention will be explained below with reference to an embodiment with reference to the drawings. The drawings are schematic representations and show:
Fig. 1
a side view of a concrete sleeper according to the invention;
Fig. 2
a top view of the concrete sleeper of Fig. 1 ;
Fig. 3
a cross-sectional view of a concrete sleeper embedded in a solid roadway; and
Fig. 4
a longitudinal section of embedded in a solid roadway concrete sleeper according to the invention.

Die in den Fig. 1 und 2 in einer Seitenansicht und einer Draufsicht gezeigte Betonschwelle 1 ist als Breitschwelle ausgebildet und umfasst zwei Schwellenblöcke 2, 3 an deren Oberseite Schienenauflager 4, 5 ausgebildet sind. Die beiden Schwellenblöcke 2, 3 sind durch einen mittleren Abschnitt 6 miteinander verbunden, der - wie in Fig. 2 zu sehen ist - eine geringere Breite als die Schwellenblöcke 2, 3 aufweist. Die in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel beschriebene Breitschwelle ist nicht als Beschränkung zu verstehen, da die Betonschwelle auch eine andere Form, z. B. eine Quaderform, aufweisen kann. Die Schwellenblöcke 2, 3 bilden mit den Schienenauflagern 4, 5 und dem mittleren Abschnitt 6 ein integrales, monolithisches Bauteil. Unterhalb der Schwellenblöcke 2, 3 ist jeweils eine Sohle 7, 8 aus einem elastischen Material angeordnet. In dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel besteht die Sohle aus EPDM (Ethylen-Propylen-Dien-Monomer) und besitzt eine Dicke von 14 mm. Die angegebene Dicke ist allerdings nicht als Beschränkung zu verstehen, vielmehr kann die Dicke der Sohle typischerweise zwischen 6 und 20 mm betragen, die verwendete Sohlendicke wird im Rahmen der Bemessung der Steifigkeit und der Abstimmungsfrequenz der Betonschwelle festgelegt.The in the Fig. 1 and 2 shown in a side view and a plan view concrete sleeper 1 is formed as a broad threshold and comprises two threshold blocks 2, 3 at the top rail supports 4, 5 are formed. The two threshold blocks 2, 3 are interconnected by a central portion 6, the - as in Fig. 2 can be seen - has a smaller width than the threshold blocks 2, 3. The broad threshold described in this embodiment is not to be understood as a limitation, since the concrete sleeper also another form, for. B. a cuboid shape may have. The threshold blocks 2, 3 form with the rail supports 4, 5 and the central portion 6 an integral, monolithic component. Below the threshold blocks 2, 3 is in each case a sole 7, 8 arranged from an elastic material. In the illustrated embodiment, the sole is made of EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene monomer) and has a thickness of 14 mm. The specified thickness is not to be understood as a limitation, but the thickness of the sole can typically be between 6 and 20 mm, the sole thickness used is determined in the context of the design of the stiffness and the tuning frequency of the concrete threshold.

An ihrer Unterseite weist die Betonschwelle 1 in ihrem mittleren Abschnitt 6 eine ringförmige Ausnehmung 9 auf, in die ein Dübelstein mit einem elastomeren Ring einsetzbar ist. Im eingebauten Zustand ist die Betonschwelle 1 über den Dübelstein mit der Tragschicht einer festen Fahrbahn gekoppelt, so dass horizontale Kräfte in den Untergrund übertragen werden können. Vertikale Kräfte werden von der Betonschwelle 1 über die Sohle 7, 8 in die Tragschicht eingeleitet. Bei einer festen Fahrbahn ist zumindest jede zweite oder dritte Betonschwelle mit einem Dübelstein versehen.On its underside, the concrete sleeper 1 has in its middle section 6 an annular recess 9 into which a dowel block with an elastomeric ring can be inserted. When installed, the concrete sleeper 1 is coupled via the dowel block with the base course of a fixed carriageway, so that horizontal forces can be transmitted to the ground. Vertical forces are introduced from the concrete sleeper 1 via the sole 7, 8 in the base course. At a fixed roadway, at least every second or third concrete sleeper is provided with a dowel.

Fig. 3 zeigt die Betonschwelle 1 in Querrichtung geschnitten im Bereich ihrer Ausnehmung, nach dem Einbau in eine feste Fahrbahn. Die Betonschwelle 1 weist mehrere Bewehrungsstäbe 10, 11 auf, die schlaff oder vorgespannt sein können. Unterhalb der Betonschwelle 1 ist ein Dübelstein 12 angeordnet, der mit einem Montageband 13 gesichert ist. Zwischen dem Dübelstein 12 und der Betonschwelle 1 befindet sich ein elastischer Ring 14, der aus einem Elastomer hergestellt ist. In Fig. 3 erkennt man, dass der Dübelstein 12 eine Stufe 15 aufweist. Unterhalb der Stufe 15 weist der Dübelstein 12 einen größeren Durchmesser als oberhalb der Stufe 15 auf. Die durch die Stufe 15 gebildete Außenkante, auf der eine Ecke des Rings 14 aufliegt, ist abgerundet. In Fig. 3 ist auch erkennbar, dass der Ring 14 näherungsweise mit seiner halben Breite auf der abgerundeten Stufe 15 aufliegt, die äußere Ecke des Rings 14 berührt eine Seitenfläche 16 der Ausnehmung 9. Vertikal ist die äußere Ecke des Rings 14 nicht aufgelagert, so dass sich der Ring 14 zumindest geringfügig vertikal bewegen kann. Fig. 3 shows the concrete sleeper 1 cut in the transverse direction in the region of its recess, after installation in a fixed carriageway. The concrete sleeper 1 has a plurality of reinforcing bars 10, 11, which may be limp or biased. Below the concrete sleeper 1 a dowel brick 12 is arranged, which is secured with an assembly line 13. Between the dowel block 12 and the concrete sleeper 1 is an elastic ring 14 which is made of an elastomer. In Fig. 3 it can be seen that the dowel stone 12 has a level 15. Below the step 15, the dowel brick 12 has a larger diameter than above the step 15. The outer edge formed by the step 15, on which a corner of the ring 14 rests, is rounded. In Fig. 3 is also recognizable that the ring 14 rests approximately on its half width on the rounded step 15, the outer corner of the ring 14 contacts a side surface 16 of the recess 9. Vertically, the outer corner of the ring 14 is not supported, so that the ring 14 move at least slightly vertically can.

Die Ausnehmung 9 der Betonschwelle 1 weist eine umlaufende Stufe 17 mit einem sich nach außen vergrößerten Durchmesser auf, an dieser Stufe 17 liegt der Ring 14 mit seiner oberen äußeren Ecke an. Die Stufe 17 ist wie die Stufe 15 abgerundet, wodurch eine Beschädigung des Rings 14 unter Lastverformung vermieden wird. In Fig. 3 ist dargestellt, dass der Ring 14 näherungsweise auf seiner halben radialen Breite an der Stufe 17 der Ausnehmung 9 der Betonschwelle 1 anliegt.The recess 9 of the concrete sleeper 1 has a peripheral step 17 with an outwardly enlarged diameter, at this stage 17 is the ring 14 with its upper outer corner. The step 17 is rounded as the step 15, whereby damage to the ring 14 is avoided under load deformation. In Fig. 3 It is shown that the ring 14 bears approximately on its half radial width at the step 17 of the recess 9 of the concrete sleeper 1.

Bei der Herstellung einer festen Fahrbahn wird eine Asphalttragschicht 18 mit Aussparungen 19 für die Dübelsteine 12 versehen. Die Aussparungen 19 sind zylinderförmig ausgebildet und an die Größe der Dübelsteine 12 angepasst, die Tiefe der Aussparungen 19 ist so gewählt, dass unterhalb des gemeinsam mit der Betonschwelle eingesetzten Dübelsteins ein Freiraum 20 verbleibt, der anschließend, nach dem Positionieren und Ausrichten der Betonschwelle 1, mit einer Vergussmasse oder einem Vergussmörtel 21 vergossen wird. Von der Aussparung 19 erstrecken sich seitlich Vergussschlitze 22, durch die die Vergussmasse 21 eingefüllt wird.In the production of a solid roadway, an asphalt base layer 18 is provided with recesses 19 for the dowels 12. The recesses 19 are cylindrical and adapted to the size of the dowels 12, the depth of the recesses 19 is selected so that below the dowel stone inserted together with the concrete sleeper a space 20 remains, which subsequently, after positioning and aligning the concrete sleeper 1, is cast with a potting compound or a grout 21. From the recess 19 extending laterally Vergussschlitze 22, through which the potting compound 21 is filled.

Die Betonschwellen 1 weisen Schienenbefestigungen auf, bei denen es sich - anders als bei herkömmlichen festen Fahrbahnen - nicht um hochelastische Schienenbefestigungen handelt. Die verwendeten Schienenbefestigungen erlauben einen Ausgleich in Höhen- und Seitenrichtung. Der Höhenausgleich wird durch Unterlagen unterschiedlicher Dicke ermöglicht, der Seitenausgleich durch Winkelführungsplatten unterschiedlicher Breite. Zusätzlich ist eine harte Zwischenlage vorhanden, die zwischen der Schiene und der Oberfläche der Betonschwelle angeordnet ist und aus EVA (Ethylenvinylacetat) besteht.The concrete sleepers 1 have rail fastenings, which - unlike conventional fixed carriageways - are not highly elastic rail fastenings. The rail fastenings used allow compensation in height and lateral direction. The height compensation is made possible by documents of different thicknesses, the side compensation by angle guide plates of different widths. In addition, a hard intermediate layer is provided, which is arranged between the rail and the surface of the concrete sleeper and consists of EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate).

Fig. 4 zeigt eine feste Fahrbahn 23 umfassend die Betonschwelle 1, auf der Schienen 24 aufgelagert sind, die durch Schienenbefestigungen 25 gehalten werden. Die Betonschwelle 1 ist über den Dübelstein 12 mit einer Asphaltdeckschicht 26 verbunden, die sich oberhalb einer Asphalttragschicht 27 befindet. Die in mehreren Lagen hergestellte Asphalttragschicht ist auf einer Frostschutzschicht 28 aufgelagert. Die beim Befahren der festen Fahrbahn 23 auftretenden Belastungen werden im Wesentlichen über die unterhalb der Betonschwelle 1 angeordneten Sohlen 7, 8 in die Asphaltdeckschicht 26 eingeleitet. Dabei treten Einsenkungen auf, die typischerweise 1,5 - 4 mm betragen. Dadurch ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass die gesamte Masse der Betonschwelle 1 elastisch gelagert ist, wodurch die Abstimmfrequenz übertragener Schwingungen gesenkt wird. Andererseits ist die Federsteifigkeit der Sohle 7, 8, die die Funktion einer Feder in dem Feder-Masse-System hat, weich ausgelegt, was sich ebenso positiv auf die Abstimmfrequenz auswirkt. Fig. 4 shows a fixed track 23 comprising the concrete sleeper 1, are supported on the rails 24, which are held by rail fasteners 25. The concrete sleeper 1 is connected via the dowel block 12 with an asphalt cover layer 26, which is located above an asphalt base layer 27. The multi-layer asphalt base course is supported on an antifreeze layer 28. The loads occurring when driving on the fixed carriageway 23 are introduced into the asphalt covering layer 26 essentially via the soles 7, 8 arranged below the concrete sleeper 1. There are depressions, which are typically 1.5 - 4 mm. This results in the advantage that the entire mass of the concrete sleeper 1 is elastically mounted, whereby the tuning frequency of transmitted vibrations is lowered. On the other hand, the spring stiffness of the sole 7, 8, which has the function of a spring in the spring-mass system, designed soft, which also has a positive effect on the tuning frequency.

Beim Befahren durch Schienenfahrzeuge wird die Schwelle vertikal abwärts und anschließend wieder aufwärts bewegt. Der Ring 14 kann diese Bewegungen annähernd verschleißneutral aufnehmen, da er an zwei diagonal gegenüberliegenden Ecken, einerseits an dem Dübelstein 12 und andererseits an der Ausnehmung 9 der Betonschwelle 1, anliegt.When driving by rail vehicles, the threshold is moved vertically downwards and then up again. The ring 14 can absorb these movements approximately wear-neutral, since it rests against two diagonally opposite corners, on the one hand to the dowel block 12 and on the other hand to the recess 9 of the concrete sleeper 1.

Bei einer anderen Ausführung ist die feste Fahrbahn in Betonbauweise hergestellt. Dabei sind die Betonschwellen mittels des Dübelsteins auf einer Betontragschicht gelagert.In another embodiment, the fixed carriageway is made in concrete construction. The concrete sleepers are mounted by means of the dowel on a concrete base course.

Claims (11)

  1. A concrete sleeper (1) for a solid carriageway (23), with an anchor block (12) having a step (15), which anchor block (12) is inserted with its upper section into an underside recess (9) in the concrete sleeper (1) such that in the installed state an increased diameter of the anchor block (12) is located below the step (15), wherein the anchor block (12) is mounted elastically by means of a ring (14) produced from an elastomer and which anchor block (12) can be inserted with its lower section into a tillable clearance (19) in a top layer of the solid carriageway (23), characterized in that a base (7, 8) of an elastic material is arranged on the underside of the concrete sleeper (1), that an outer edge of the step (15) of the anchor block (12) is rounded and that the underside recess (9) of the concrete sleeper (1) has a peripheral step (17), against which the ring (14) lies with its upper outer corner.
  2. The concrete sleeper as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the base (7, 8) consists of EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene monomer).
  3. The concrete sleeper as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the base (7, 8) has a thickness of 6 to 20 mm, preferably 8 to 14 mm.
  4. The concrete sleeper as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base (7, 8) is provided with a nonwoven on one or both sides.
  5. The concrete sleeper as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base (7, 8) has a clearance in the region of the underside recess (9) for the anchor block (12) or is formed as two parts and is arranged only under sleeper blocks (2, 3) or partially under rail beds.
  6. The concrete sleeper as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that less than half the radial width of the ring (14) lies on the step (15) of the anchor block (12).
  7. The concrete sleeper as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the step (17) is rounded.
  8. The concrete sleeper as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that less than half the radial width of the ring (14) lies against the step (17) of the concrete sleeper (1).
  9. A solid carriageway (23), comprising a number of concrete sleepers (1) as claimed in claims 1 to 8, which are embedded in a top layer or a supporting layer, the top layer or the supporting layer having clearances (19) for the anchor blocks (12) that are filled with a casting compound (21).
  10. The solid carriageway as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the top layer and the supporting layer are produced from asphalt or in that the supporting layer is produced from concrete.
  11. The solid carriageway as claimed in claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the concrete sleepers have rail fastenings with means for vertical and lateral compensation and/or a hard intermediate layer of EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate).
EP14715896.8A 2013-05-17 2014-04-04 Concrete sleeper and solid carriageway Active EP2997194B1 (en)

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DE102013105090.5A DE102013105090B4 (en) 2013-05-17 2013-05-17 Concrete sleepers and fixed carriageway
PCT/EP2014/056865 WO2014183925A1 (en) 2013-05-17 2014-04-04 Concrete sleeper and solid carriageway

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US (1) US20160083911A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2997194B1 (en)
KR (1) KR102005490B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2910914C (en)
DE (1) DE102013105090B4 (en)
DK (1) DK2997194T3 (en)
HU (1) HUE14715896T2 (en)
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KR102038753B1 (en) * 2017-11-28 2019-10-30 한국철도기술연구원 Y-type driving track of monorail
US10711406B2 (en) * 2018-01-10 2020-07-14 Voestalpine Nortrak Inc. Keyway tie
CN108867198A (en) * 2018-08-20 2018-11-23 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 rail system
CN111455738A (en) * 2020-04-11 2020-07-28 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 Movable rail bearing groove sleeper
CN111501426A (en) * 2020-04-26 2020-08-07 中铁六局集团有限公司 Construction method for bonding concrete elastic wide sleeper base plate

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KR20160009030A (en) 2016-01-25
CA2910914C (en) 2018-05-22
HUE14715896T2 (en) 2019-03-28
KR102005490B1 (en) 2019-07-31
WO2014183925A1 (en) 2014-11-20
DK2997194T3 (en) 2019-01-07
CA2910914A1 (en) 2014-11-20
DE102013105090A1 (en) 2014-11-20
DE102013105090B4 (en) 2016-12-15
SA515370146B1 (en) 2019-05-07
EP2997194A1 (en) 2016-03-23
US20160083911A1 (en) 2016-03-24

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