EP3569786B1 - Method for the retrofitting of vibration-damping bearing devices - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for the subsequent installation of vibration-damping bearing devices in an existing building, with a parting line for accommodating the bearing devices being introduced in at least one wall of the building and/or between a floor of the building or a base plate of the building and at least one wall of the building .

Vibrations that are transmitted, for example, via the ground into a basement of a building, can lead to damage to the building or objects in the building or to a loss of comfort for the people in the building. Examples of vibrations that people often find unpleasant are vibrations caused by vehicles driving past the building, such as trains or trams, road vehicles, etc. Vibrations that occur in a building, e.g. caused by machines operated in the building, can significantly affect the comfort of the building users or lead residents.

One approach to vibration isolation of a building is, for example, to dampen vibrations that occur outside the building at the point of origin, as is known, for example, in traffic route construction, for example in railway construction or tram construction, through the use of vibration-damping sub-ballast mats. Further measures relate to the provision of slit walls or side wall decoupling. These installations are relatively complex and expensive.

Another possibility for vibration isolation of a building or part of a building is to arrange the vibration isolation in or on or under the building. For this purpose, are conveniently already when building a new Building vibration-damping storage facilities, in particular over the entire surface, arranged in the masonry or supporting structure of the building or on a base plate of a building.

The subsequent installation of vibration-damping bearing systems in existing buildings, for example to increase comfort, is possible, but has so far been associated with considerable technical effort.

An example of a method for the subsequent installation of storage facilities is from CN 1827936A known. This document proposes locating the anti-vibration mounts adjacent to an existing brick wall of the building, requiring an elaborate load transfer structure to redirect the building loads through the mounts. After the concrete load transfer structure has cured, sections of the existing brick walls will be removed in the area between the storage facilities.

Furthermore, it is known from public previous use to separate an existing building by introducing a horizontal parting line in an upper part of the building and a lower part of the building, with the vibration-damping bearing devices being arranged in the parting line, for example over the entire surface. For this purpose, the upper part of the building is raised as a whole, for example by means of a large number of hydraulic drives, relative to the lower part of the building in order to be able to introduce the bearing devices into the parting line. The upper part of the building is then lowered onto the lower part of the building with the storage facilities in between. During the lifting of the upper part of the building, the load is transferred to the upper part of the building exclusively via the hydraulic drives. Overall, care must be taken to ensure that the lifting and subsequent lowering of the upper part of the building takes place simultaneously for all drives, otherwise high force peaks occur locally, which can cause damage to the building fabric. When raising the upper part of the building relative to the lower part of the building there is also a risk of damage to the wiring of the existing building, for example to the heating and/or water and/or waste water installation.

An example of a method for the subsequent installation of a vibration-damping, full-surface trained storage facility in an existing building is in EP 1 043 454 A2 listed.

The object of the invention is to provide a method of the type mentioned at the outset, which enables simple subsequent installation of the vibration-damping bearing devices and which reduces the risk of damage to the building during the installation of the vibration-damping bearing devices.

According to the invention, this is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1.

In the building, it is provided that the parting line has a sequence of openings and joint sections, with at least one of the joint sections opening into each opening, and at least one of the bearing devices being arranged in each opening, with a vertical extent of the openings being greater than a vertical extent of the joint sections.

In the case of the building, it is therefore provided that the subsequently installed vibration-damping bearing devices are each arranged in an opening in the parting line. As a result, there is no need to completely lift an upper part of the building to install the storage facilities. The arrangement of the openings in the parting line and the placement of the vibration-damping bearing devices takes place at installation positions spaced apart from one another, the number and positions of the openings being able to be determined, among other things, as a function of the specific structural conditions of the building. In particular, it is with the training of the parting line according to the invention possible to install the vibration-damping bearing devices gradually. This makes it possible to retrofit the vibration-damping storage facilities to the existing building with relatively few and simple tools.

The at least one parting line is advantageously composed entirely of a sequence of openings and line sections. I.e., all openings and joint sections of the parting line are advantageously arranged one after the other and are thus connected to one another.

The provision of the parting line reduces the transmission of vibrations, for example structure-borne noise. The parting line could also be referred to as a structural joint or generally as a space between two components of the building, e.g. between an upper and lower part of the building.

The parting line favorably penetrates the respective wall completely in two directions. The parting line advantageously penetrates the respective wall completely in the direction of wall thickness and in the longitudinal direction of the wall. The parting line can lie in a horizontal plane. However, it is also possible for the parting line to have a course that deviates from a horizontal direction, at least in sections.

In connection with the term breakthrough one could also speak of a wall breakthrough or a pocket or a niche or a recess of the parting line. The respective opening preferably penetrates the wall completely in the direction of the wall thickness.

In the case of the joint section of the separating joint, one could also speak of a slit, in particular because of the smaller vertical extent compared to the openings. The vertical extent of the joint section is, for example defined by the cutting width of a saw blade, which can be used to produce the joint sections. The vertical extent of the joint section could also be referred to as the gap width, which is measured in the vertical direction. The respective joint section preferably penetrates the wall completely in the direction of the wall thickness.

In an advantageous embodiment, the joint sections have an at least essentially constant vertical extent over their entire longitudinal extent.

It is advantageously provided that the at least one joint section opens continuously into the respective opening. In this context, the term continuous means that the at least one joint section opens into the respective opening with a continuous opening, i.e. without interrupting the opening.

In connection with the vibration-damping bearing devices, one could also speak of vibration-damping devices or vibration-damping elements. The vibration-damping bearing devices serve to isolate the building from vibrations, with a vibration being completely or at least partially dampened or dampened by means of the vibration-damping bearing device. The vibration-damping bearing devices, also simply called bearing devices in this document, are used for insulating or damping mechanical vibrations, which are introduced into a building, for example, via a base plate or a basement.

Within the meaning of this document, a wall is a planar component of the building that is arranged vertically or at least at an angle to the horizontal. In particular, the term wall does not include any flat components of the building that extend purely in a horizontal direction or lie in a horizontal plane.

The terms floor slab and base plate are essentially horizontal components of a building. Substantially in this context means a deviation from a horizontal plane of less than 5° in any direction.

Provision is particularly preferably made for each vibration-damping bearing device to be arranged in a respective opening. It is also conceivable and possible for more than one vibration-damping bearing device to be arranged in each opening.

In a preferred embodiment it is provided that in each case one of the joint sections of the separating joint opens into at least one of the openings on opposite sides of the opening.

It is advantageously provided that at least one of the joint sections of the separating joint connects two adjacently arranged openings with one another and opens into them. Favorably, the vertical extension of the joint section that opens into the two adjacently arranged openings is smaller than the respective vertical extension of the two openings.

It would also be conceivable and possible for at least one of the joint sections of the separating joint to open into more than two adjacently arranged openings and to connect them to one another.

The building particularly preferably has a lower part of the building and an upper part of the building that is preferably completely separated from the lower part of the building by the at least one separating joint, with the upper part of the building being mounted on the lower part of the building, preferably exclusively, via the storage devices arranged in the openings. The parting line thus favorably completely separates the upper part of the building from the lower part of the building, ie the parting line in particular runs through all the load-bearing walls of the building. In other words, the weight of the upper part of the building is almost exclusively on the Breakthroughs arranged storage facilities entered in the lower part of the building. The joint sections of the parting line advantageously have no load-dissipating function.

Favorably, it is provided that a horizontal distance between two openings arranged adjacent to one another is in a range of 0.5 m to 12.0 m, preferably 0.5 m to 3.0 m. The breakthroughs arranged adjacent to each other are consecutive along the parting line. That is, there is no other opening between the adjacently arranged openings. The horizontal distance between the adjacent openings depends on the structural conditions of the building and is generally determined by a structural engineer. As the name suggests, the horizontal distance is measured in the horizontal direction, in particular in the longitudinal direction of the wall in question.

In a preferred embodiment it is provided that a horizontal extension of at least one of the openings, preferably each opening, is in a range of 0.3 m to 1.5 m, preferably 0.5 m to 1.0 m.

Advantageously, the vertical extent of at least one of the openings, preferably each opening, is in a range of 4 cm to 20 cm, preferably 10 cm to 15 cm. In the case of a wall made of bricks, the vertical extent of the respective breakthrough can correspond, for example, to the vertical height of a row of bricks in the wall.

It is advantageously provided that the vertical extension of at least one of the joint sections, preferably each joint section, is in a range of 0.3 cm to 5 cm, preferably 0.4 cm to 2 cm.

Provision is preferably made for the respective bearing device to have an, in particular prestressed, elastic intermediate layer and one below the intermediate layer arranged support plate and at least one arranged below the support plate spacer. With an optional presetting of the degree of prestressing of the elastic intermediate layer, the respective bearing device can already be adjusted to the expected loads during installation and thus the extent of a lowering of the upper part of the building in a direction towards the lower part of the building can be reduced or a lowering can be prevented entirely. A prestressed elastic intermediate layer is understood to mean an elastic intermediate layer which is compressed compared to the unloaded state. The elastic intermediate layer is advantageously prestressed in the vertical direction. The at least one spacer can have a fixed vertical extension.

It is advantageously provided that the material thickness of the elastic intermediate layer in an uncompressed state is in a range from 6 mm to 120 mm, preferably 20 mm to 50 mm.

The elastic intermediate layer is advantageously designed in the form of a plate.

The material thickness of the support plate, i.e. the thickness of the support plate, is suitably in a range from 1 cm to 15 cm, preferably 2 cm to 6 cm.

The support plate is favorably stiffer or less elastic than the elastic intermediate layer. The support plate is used to distribute the loads to the at least one spacer arranged below the support plate. For example, the support plate can have metal or consist of metal, in particular steel.

It is preferably provided that the static modulus of elasticity of the elastic intermediate layer is in a range from 1.0 N/mm ² to 100 N/mm ² , preferably 2.0 N/mm ² to 12 N/mm ² . The static modulus of elasticity is the secant modulus between the zero point of the load and a design point of the elastic intermediate layer when used as vibration damping, ie in the installed state. The static modulus can be determined, for example, by recording the quasi-static spring characteristic with a deformation rate of 1% of the material thickness of the elastic intermediate layer per second, the elastic intermediate layer being arranged between flat steel plates, and the third load cycle being recorded. The static modulus of elasticity is advantageously determined at room temperature.

Particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention provide that the dynamic modulus of elasticity of the elastic intermediate layer is in a range of 1.5 N/mm ² and 200 N/mm ² , preferably between 2.5 N/mm ² and 15 N/mm ² , lies. The dynamic modulus of elasticity is conveniently measured at 10 Hz and an excitation of 100 dBv. The determination of the dynamic modulus of elasticity is advantageously carried out according to DIN 53513:1990-03.

Provision can be made for the elastic intermediate layer to lie directly against an upper boundary surface of the opening.

Furthermore, it is conceivable and possible for the at least one spacer arranged below the support plate to be supported directly on a lower boundary surface of the opening. However, preferred embodiments provide that a support layer, for example a mortar bed, is arranged between the spacer and the lower boundary surface.

It is conceivable and possible for a spacer plate or several spacer plates to be arranged between the at least one spacer and the support plate and/or between the spacer and the lower boundary surface to adjust the height of the bearing device to the vertical extension of the respective opening. Such spacer plates could also be referred to as shims.

It is preferably provided that the intermediate layer has or consists of an elastomer. It when the elastic intermediate layer, in particular foamed, polyurethane or neoprene or silicone or synthetic is particularly favorable Has rubber or natural rubber, or consists of it. Examples of possible synthetic rubbers, also called synthetic rubber, are ethylene-propylene-diene rubber or acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber or styrene-butadiene rubber. The elastic intermediate layer could also consist of a mixture of at least two of the materials mentioned.

The elastic shim could be glued or otherwise connected to the backing plate, for example by foaming the elastic shim onto the backing plate.

Provision is particularly preferably made for the respective bearing device to be arranged completely within the respective opening. This means that the respective bearing device is arranged, preferably completely, between planes in which the wall surfaces of the wall lie. The bearing device therefore advantageously does not protrude beyond the wall thickness of the respective wall. As a result, a particularly compact structure can be achieved.

In preferred embodiments it is provided that at least one of the openings, preferably all openings, and/or at least one of the joint sections, preferably all joint sections, of the parting joint are sealed with, in particular elastic, joint material. The joint material can be a foamable material, for example, which is injected into the parting line. However, it is also conceivable and possible for the joint material to be a silicone-based, acrylic-based or bitumen-based joint material. In this case, the joint material advantageously has no load-dissipating function.

The modulus of elasticity of the joint material is favorably smaller than the modulus of elasticity of the elastic intermediate layer. This means that advantageously there is no or only an insignificant influence on the vibration damping effect by the joint material.

The method for the subsequent installation of vibration-damping storage facilities in an existing building proposes that a parting line for accommodating the storage facilities is introduced in at least one wall of the building and/or between a floor of the building or a base plate of the building and at least one wall of the building. The method according to the invention comprises the introduction of a parting line in the form of a sequence of openings and joint sections, the openings being formed in the at least one wall and/or floor slab and/or base plate, and at least one of the joint sections opening into the respective opening, with a vertical extension of the respective opening is made larger than a vertical extension of the at least one joint section opening into this opening, and at least one of the bearing devices is arranged in a respective opening.

It is particularly preferred if, during the introduction of the respective joint section, intermediate plates for temporary load transfer of the building are gradually arranged in the joint section and then the openings of the separating joint are formed in the at least one wall of the building. Alternatively, it would be conceivable and possible to form one of the openings in the wall and/or floor slab and/or base plate in a previous step and then to form the joint sections that open into the opening in the wall, with the intermediate plates gradually being used for temporary load transfer of the building be arranged in the respective joint section.

Furthermore, at least one elastic intermediate layer and a support plate arranged below the at least one elastic intermediate layer are advantageously introduced into the opening, and the elastic intermediate layer is then pretensioned by means of at least one pretensioning device, preferably in the vertical direction. Furthermore, when a certain prestress value of the elastic intermediate layer is reached, at least one spacer is arranged below the support plate and then the intermediate plates from the joint section and the at least one biasing device removed from the breakthrough. The preload value can be determined in advance or set during the preload. For example, the prestress value could be determined during prestressing by determining a light gap between the intermediate plate and the joint delimiting surfaces delimiting the joint sections in the vertical direction.

It is conceivable and possible to form the openings gradually, with a subsequent opening only being formed in the wall after the installation of the bearing device in the opening that has just been formed. This means that the storage facilities are then gradually installed in the opening provided. As a result, only a few pretensioning devices are required for mounting the bearing devices.

In another variant of the method, it would also be conceivable and possible, particularly in the case of a wall constructed from bricks, to form the openings first and to arrange the prestressing devices in the openings. The prestressing devices can then be used to raise the upper part of the building, with the joint sections being formed by breaking the wall, in particular in a controlled manner, e.g. the mortar joint between two rows of bricks or the bricks themselves. For example, the mortar joint between two rows of bricks in the wall could be referred to as a predetermined breaking point in this context.

Advantageously, it is also provided here that the elastic intermediate layer and the support plate arranged below the at least one elastic intermediate layer are already introduced into the opening and the elastic intermediate layer is pretensioned by means of the at least one pretensioning device, preferably in the vertical direction. The lifting of the upper part of the building can therefore already take place with the elastic intermediate layer arranged in the opening. Alternatively, the elastic intermediate layer could also be installed at a later point in time, ie after the upper part of the building has been raised.

If necessary, the row of bricks placed under the gap created when lifting the upper part of the building can be removed. The joint section thus formed overall can be filled with joint material in a further step, as has already been explained above.

Fig. 1

eine Frontalansicht eines Gebäudes in einer schematischen Darstellung;

Fig. 2

den Grundriss des Gebäudes gemäß Fig. 1 im Bereich einer Trennfuge des Gebäudes;

Fig. 3

das Detail E der Fig. 1;

Fig. 4

bis 7 das Detail F der Fig. 3 während des Einbaus einer Lagereinrichtung, wobei Fig. 7 dem in Fig. 3 dargestellten Zustand entspricht;

Fig. 8

den Zustand einer Wand des Gebäudes vor dem Einbringen der Trennfuge;

Fig. 9

den Schnitt A-A der Fig. 5;

Fig. 10

den Schnitt B-B der Fig. 5;

Fig. 11

den Schnitt C-C der Fig. 6;

Fig. 12

den Schnitt D-D der Fig. 7;

Fig. 13

ein Beispiel für eine Trennfuge mit zwei benachbart zueinander angeordneten Durchbrüchen, und

Fig. 14

bis 18 Beispiele weiterer Ausführungsformen der Trennfuge, wobei jeweils ein Durchbruch mit einer im Durchbruch angeordneten Lagereinrichtung gezeigt ist.

Further features and details of preferred embodiments are explained on the basis of the buildings shown in the figures and the presentation of method steps according to the invention for installing vibration-damping bearing devices in an existing building. Show it:

1

a front view of a building in a schematic representation;

2

according to the floor plan of the building 1 in the area of a parting line of the building;

3

the detail E the 1 ;

4

to 7 the detail F the 3 during the installation of a bearing device, wherein 7 the in 3 shown state corresponds;

8

the condition of a wall of the building before the parting line was introduced;

9

the cut AA of the figure 5 ;

10

the cut BB the figure 5 ;

11

the cut CC of 6 ;

12

the cut DD the 7 ;

13

an example of a parting line with two openings arranged adjacent to one another, and

14

16 to 18 Examples of further embodiments of the parting line, each showing an opening with a bearing device arranged in the opening.

In the following explanations, the end result of the subsequent installation of vibration-damping bearing devices 6 in a building 1 will first be discussed. This is followed by a detailed description of the Method for installing the vibration-damping bearing devices 6 in the building 1. Details, geometric parameters and possible embodiments of the bearing devices 6 are then discussed in particular.

This in 1 The building 1 shown by way of example is multi-storey, with a roof 20 arranged over the top floor. The term building 1 basically includes buildings of all kinds, not just the residential building shown schematically here.

In the exemplary embodiment of the building 1, a parting line 5 is arranged in the area of the basement, above the top edge 19 of the ground, cf. Figures 1 and 3 . In principle, the parting line 5 or at least one additional parting line could also be arranged at a different or a further installation position in the building 1, as was already explained at the outset. For example, a parting line could be arranged between a base plate and at least one wall of the building or between at least one wall and a ceiling of the building. On these variants of the parting line is in connection with the 17 and 18 shown embodiments briefly received.

In the building 1 shown here, the parting line 5 is arranged in the walls of the building 1, in particular in the walls 2 of the basement of the building 1.

The parting line 5 has a sequence of openings 7 and joint sections 8 , at least one of the joint sections 8 opening into each of the openings 7 . In the exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the at least one joint section 8 in each case opens continuously into the respective opening 7, as is also preferred.

The parting line 5 separates the respective wall 2 in two directions, namely in each case Wall thickness direction and wall length direction completely.

In the exemplary embodiment, it is therefore provided that the building 1 has a lower building part 24 and an upper building part 25 that is completely separated from the lower building part 24 by the at least one parting line 5, cf. Figures 1 and 3 . That is, the parting line 5 introduced into the walls 2 of the basement of the building 1 separates the upper part of the building 25 from the lower part of the building 24 completely. This consideration does not include any supply lines of building 1 and other non-load-bearing additional walls. One could also say that the parting line 5 in the exemplary embodiment runs through at least all of the load-bearing walls 2 of the basement of the building 1 .

One of the already mentioned vibration-damping bearing devices 6 is arranged in each of the openings 7, cf. 3 and 7 . In the exemplary embodiment, the upper building part 25 of the building 1 is, as is also preferred, mounted on the lower building part 24 of the building 1 exclusively via the storage devices 6 arranged in the openings 7 . In other words, the upper part 25 of the building 1 is supported on the lower part 24 of the building 1 via the storage devices 6 . While the upper building part 25 of the in 1 shown building 1 was rigidly coupled to the lower part of the building 24 prior to the introduction of the parting line 5 in the walls 2 of the basement and thus, among other things, large-area sound bridges were formed in the building 1, the parting line 5 enables a relative movement or a decoupling of the upper part of the building 25 from the lower part of the building 24. As a result, the transmission of vibrations to which, for example, the lower part of the building 24 is exposed due to shocks or vibrations transmitted via the ground, is insulated or dampened on the upper part of the building 25 of the building 1.

In 2 the distribution of the sound-insulating storage facilities 6 is shown in the ground plan of the building 1. For reasons of clarity, in 2 on the representation of the breakthroughs 7 and on the designation of each of the soundproof storage facilities 6 and each of the joint sections 8 omitted. Basically the same 2 a view from above of the lower building part 24 of the building 1, ie a floor plan of the building 1 in the area of the parting line 5. The storage facilities 6 are shown hatched in this illustration for clarity. The joint sections 8 of the parting line 5 can be seen between adjacent bearing devices 6 in each case. Additionally is in 2 an exemplary wall 2 of the building 1 that extends into the interior of the building 1 is shown, which starts at a wall branch 27 of one of the peripheral walls 2 of the building 1 . In addition to the surrounding walls 2 of the building 1, an additional load-bearing wall 2 of the lower part of the building 24 is thus shown. According to the view 2 the wall 2 reaching into the interior of the building 1 has a free end 28, one of the storage devices 6 being arranged at the free end 28. In the arranged at the free end 28 of the wall 2, unspecified, opening 7 opens only a joint section 8 a.

Next is in 2 It is easy to see that, apart from the aforementioned special case, in which only one of the joint sections 8 opens into the opening 7 arranged at the free end 28 of the wall 2 reaching into the interior of the building 1, otherwise all joint sections 8 of the walls 2 are at least two adjacent connect breakthroughs 7 arranged with each other and open into them. In the exemplary embodiment, the joint section 8 arranged in the area of the wall branch 27 opens into three adjacently arranged openings 7, wherein in 2 - As already mentioned - only the arranged in the openings 7 bearing devices 6 are shown. the inside 2 The floor plan shown is intended to illustrate different options for the configuration or course of the parting line 5 and represents only one possible example of a building 1.

In 3 is clearly visible that in the adjacent arranged openings 7, which are each connected to each other by means of a joint section 8, on opposite sides of the respective Breakthrough 7, each one of the joint sections 8 of the parting line 5 opens.

The joint sections 8 are in the Figures 1 to 13 illustrated embodiment arranged in a common horizontal plane.

It is provided that a vertical extent 9 of the openings 7 is greater than a vertical extent 10 of the joint sections 8, cf Figures 3 to 7 .

In the following, the method for the subsequent installation of the vibration-damping bearing devices 6 in the building 1 with reference to the Figures 4 to 12 explained in detail.

In 8 the initial state of one of the walls 2 of the building 1 before the introduction of the parting line 5 is shown as an example in a sectional view. The upper and lower parts of the building are in 8 are not designated separately, since these are connected to one another in this initial state of the wall 2 shown, in particular in a materially bonded manner.

In a first step of the method, the parting line 5 is introduced into the wall 2 . As already explained, the parting line 5 comprises a sequence of openings 7 and joint sections 8, with 4 one of the openings 7 of the parting line 5 is shown in detail. In order to form the parting line 5 in the at least one wall 2, the joint sections 8 can be introduced, in particular sawed, into the wall 2 with a saw, for example, and the respective openings 7 can then be produced. However, this is only one example of the introduction of the parting line 5, the sequence depending on the structural conditions of the building 1 can be selected. For example, the respective opening 7 could also be made in the wall 2 with a saw, for example a concrete saw. Depending on the structure of the wall 2 , other tools can also be used to form the parting line 5 . For example, a respective breakthrough 7 could be formed by means of adjacent and/or overlapping core bores.

In the exemplary embodiment, the walls 2 of the existing building 1 are made of reinforced concrete. Alternatively or additionally, the respective wall could also be constructed of bricks, rammed earth, or wood, or have at least two of the components mentioned. Subsequent installation of the anti-shrinkage bearing devices 6 is conceivable and possible for all of the above structures of the walls 2 of a building 1 .

During the introduction of the at least one joint section 8 , as is also preferred, intermediate plates 17 are gradually arranged in the respective joint sections 8 for temporary load transfer of the building 1 . As a result, the load of the upper part of the building 25 can be transferred to the lower part of the building 24 via the intermediate plates 17, cf. 4 . The intermediate plates 17 can be made of sheet steel, for example.

The material thickness of the intermediate plates 17 favorably corresponds to a vertical extension 10 of the joint sections 8. The intermediate plates 17 can be hammered into the respective joint section 8, for example with a hammer. With progressive formation of the respective joint section 8 in the wall longitudinal direction of the respective wall 2, e.g. by sawing, the intermediate plates 17 already inserted are gradually clamped between the upper building part 25 and the lower building part 24. This results in a generally very slight local lowering of the upper part of the building 25 in the direction of the lower part of the building 24. The minimal local lowering of the building part 25 is from a static point of view, compared to the complete lifting and subsequent lowering of the building part according to the status of technology, negligible.

For easier insertion of the intermediate plates 17 into the respective joint section 8, a respective intermediate plate 17 can optionally have at least one wedge-shaped insertion section, as is shown in 9 is indicated.

In the following step, an elastic intermediate layer 12 of the bearing device 6 and a support plate 13 of the bearing device 6 arranged below the elastic intermediate layer 12 are introduced into the opening 7 . Furthermore, the elastic intermediate layer 12 is prestressed in the vertical direction by means of at least one prestressing device 18 . In the exemplary embodiment shown, two prestressing devices 18 are provided, cf. figure 5 .

The support plate 13 serves to distribute the loads to the prestressing devices 18 or to distribute the loads to the elastic intermediate layer 12.

The support plate 13 is favorably designed to be stiffer and less elastic than the elastic intermediate layer 12 .

As provided in the exemplary embodiment, the pretensioning devices 18 can be hydraulically driven. Hydraulic cylinders are used in the exemplary embodiment, which are driven, for example, by means of a hydraulic pump that is not shown separately. Of course, other pretensioning devices are also conceivable and possible, for example mechanical pretensioning devices, such as hand-operated spindle drives, or electromechanical pretensioning devices. Such biasing devices are well known.

With increasing prestressing of the elastic intermediate layer 12, the elastic intermediate layer 12 is compressed more and more, the intermediate plates 17 arranged in the joint sections 8 adjoining the opening 7 being relieved more and more.

When a corresponding prestressing value of the elastic intermediate layer 12 is reached, the intermediate plates 17 arranged in the joint sections 8 are relieved, advantageously completely. This means that the local load of the upper part of the building 25 is, at least for the most part, transferred to the lower part of the building 24 via the elastic intermediate layer 12 and the support plate 13 as well as the prestressing devices 18 .

In the following step, spacers 14 of the bearing device 6 are arranged below the support plate 13 . In the exemplary embodiment, the spacers 14 rest on a supporting layer 15. The supporting layer 15 is advantageously a mortar bed which is designed in such a way that after the mortar bed has hardened, the building loads of the upper part of the building 25 can be reliably transferred via the spacers 14 to the lower part Building part 24 takes place.

In order to compensate for any height differences, additional compensating plates can be inserted above or below the spacers 14, which are not shown in the figures for reasons of clarity.

In the exemplary embodiment, the spacers 14 are made of steel. In principle, other materials that can withstand the expected loads can also be considered.

After the optional supporting layers 15 have hardened, the intermediate plates 17 are removed from the joint sections 8 adjoining the opening 7 . Due to the prestressing of the elastic intermediate layer 12 by means of the prestressing devices 18 and the associated relief of the intermediate plates 17, the intermediate plates 17 can be removed by hand or with the aid of a hammer.

The prestressing devices 18 are then removed from the opening 7 . The entire local load of the upper part of the building 25 is now transferred to the lower part of the building 24 via the bearing device 6 arranged in the opening 7 . In other words, the upper part of the building 25 is now stored locally on the lower part of the building 24 via the storage device 6, cf. 7 .

After installing the bearing device 6 in, for example, in 7 Breakthrough 7 shown, a further storage device 6 can be arranged in an adjacent breakthrough 7, wherein the in the figure 4 to 7 steps shown are repeated accordingly. In this context, it is pointed out that it is possible to extend a respective joint section 8, which opens into the opening 7 formed first, only after the installation of the bearing device 6 in the opening 7 to the adjacent opening 7.

The formation of the parting line 5 and the arrangement of the vibration-damping bearing devices 6 in the respective openings 7 make it possible to dispense with a complete lifting of the upper part of the building 25 relative to the lower part of the building 24 . Since it is not necessary to raise the upper part of the building 25, damage to the wiring of the building 1, for example to the heating and/or water and/or waste water installation, can be avoided.

In an alternative procedure, it would be conceivable and possible, in the manner of a so-called pilgrim step method, first to form a next-but-one opening 7 and only after the corresponding vibration-damping bearing device 6 has been installed in the next-but-one opening 7, in the opening 7 still to be formed between these openings 7, a vibration-damping bearing device 6 to install Such procedures are known in other areas of construction. With this procedure in the manner of a pilgrim step method, the risk of crack formation can be reduced, particularly in the case of components of the building 1 that are at risk of cracking.

After the arrangement of all bearing devices 6 in the respective openings 7 and the removal of all intermediate plates 17 from the joint sections 8, the upper building part 25 is mounted, preferably exclusively, on the lower building part 24 via the bearing devices 6 arranged in the openings 7. This means that the weight of the upper part of the building 25 is entered into the lower part of the building 24 practically exclusively via the storage facilities 6 .

After the installation of the storage devices 6, it is favorable to fill the respective breakthrough 7, at least partially, with a joint material 16 in order to seal off the building 1. In the exemplary embodiment it is provided that the respective opening 7 and the joint sections 8 opening into the respective opening 7 are or are filled with joint material 16, cf. 7 . It is particularly favorable if the entire parting line 5 is or is filled with joint material 16 .

In the exemplary embodiment, the joint material 16 is a foamable polyurethane foam. Such foamable joint materials 16 for sealing, mounting or filling joints are well known in the construction industry. Foamable jointing material is also known as gun foam, construction foam or assembly foam. Other joint materials can also be used, as explained above.

The modulus of elasticity of the joint material 16 is smaller than the modulus of elasticity of the elastic intermediate layer 12. This prevents the formation of a possible sound bridge between the upper part of the building 25 and the lower part of the building 24 via the joint material 16. The joint material 16 has no essential load-bearing function.

As already mentioned, the vertical extension 9 of the respective opening 7 is designed to be larger than the vertical extension 10 of the at least one joint section 8 opening into this opening 7, cf. 4 and 7. Favorably, the vertical extension 10 of the joint section 8 corresponds to the cutting width of a saw blade of a saw, in particular a concrete saw. The respective breakthrough 7 could also be referred to as a local widening of the parting line 5 in the vertical direction.

The vertical extent 9 of at least one of the openings 7, preferably each opening 7, of the parting line 5 is in the exemplary embodiment in a range from 4 cm to 20 cm, for example 12 cm.

The vertical extension 10 of at least one of the joint sections 8, preferably each joint section 8, of the parting joint 5 is in a range from 0.3 cm to 5 cm, in the exemplary embodiment in a range from 0.4 cm to 2 cm. The material thickness of the intermediate plates 17 is also advantageously in a range from 0.3 cm to 5 cm, in the exemplary embodiment in a range from 0.4 cm to 2 cm.

The intermediate plates 17 are favorably designed to be stiffer and/or less elastic than the elastic intermediate layer 12 .

A horizontal extension 11 of the openings 7 of the parting line 5 is preferably in a range from 0.3 m to 1.5 m. In the exemplary embodiment, the horizontal extension 11 of the openings 7 is in a range from 0.5 m to 1.0 m.

A horizontal distance 21 between two openings 7 arranged adjacent to one another is advantageously in a range from 0.5 m to 12.0 m. A horizontal distance 21 between the two openings 7 arranged adjacent to one another is particularly preferred in a range from 0.5 m to 3 0 m. The selected horizontal distance 21 is dependent on the structural conditions of the building 1 and its construction. The horizontal distance 21 between two openings 7 arranged adjacent to one another is in 13 drawn in by way of example, with no bearing devices being drawn in the adjacent openings 7 in this illustration. The dash-dot lines drawn in this figure indicate that only a partial section of the wall 2 is shown. In the case of a flat wall 2, the horizontal spacing 21 between two openings 7 arranged adjacent to one another corresponds to the horizontal extent of the joint section 8 opening into the adjacent openings 7, cf. 13 .

In the exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the joint sections 8 have a constant vertical extent 10 . It would also be conceivable and possible for the vertical extent 10 of the joint sections 8 to extend over the longitudinal extent of the respective joint section 8 is variable. However, at least in the area where the joint section 8 opens into the respective opening 7, it is advantageously provided that the vertical extent 10 of the opening joint section 8 is smaller than the vertical extent 9 of the opening 7.

In the exemplary embodiment, the joint sections 8 extend essentially in the horizontal direction. The vertical extent 10 could therefore also be referred to as the gap width of the joint sections 8 .

The respective opening 7 has an upper boundary surface 22 and a lower boundary surface 23 in relation to a vertical direction. The bearing device 6 , at least in an installed state of the bearing devices 6 , is arranged between the upper boundary surface 22 and the lower boundary surface 23 . In the exemplary embodiment, provision is made for the elastic intermediate layer 12 to bear directly against the upper boundary surface 22, cf. 7 . In another embodiment, it would be possible to provide an additional layer, in particular an additional elastic intermediate layer, between the upper boundary surface 22 of the opening 7 and the elastic intermediate layer 12 .

The respective supporting layer 15, designed as a bed of mortar, is arranged in the exemplary embodiment on the lower boundary surface 23 of the opening 7, cf. 7 .

In the exemplary embodiment, it is provided that a joint delimiting surface, not designated in any more detail, of the joint sections 8 lies in a horizontal plane together with the upper delimiting surface 22 of the respective opening 7, cf. figure 7 .

Furthermore, it is provided in the exemplary embodiment that the respective bearing device 6 is located completely within the respective opening 7, ie completely between the planes in which the wall surfaces of the at least one wall 2 lie. is arranged. This can be the sectional views of the 11 and 12 be removed. That is, an extension of the bearing device 6 in the wall thickness direction of the respective wall 2 is less than or at most equal to the wall thickness 26 of the at least one wall 2. As a result, the respective bearing device 6 is fully integrated into the respective wall 2 in the exemplary embodiment.

In the exemplary embodiment, the elastic intermediate layer 12 is plate-shaped. The material thickness of the elastic intermediate layer 12 is, in particular in the non-compressed state of the elastic intermediate layer 12, in a range from 6 mm to 120 mm, particularly preferably in a range from 20 mm to 50 mm.

In the exemplary embodiment, the static modulus of elasticity of the elastic intermediate layer 12 is in a range from 2.0 N/mm ² to 12 N/mm ² . In the exemplary embodiment, the dynamic modulus of elasticity of the elastic intermediate layer 12 is in a range from 2.5 N/mm ² to 15 N/mm ² . With regard to the determination of the static or dynamic modulus of elasticity, reference is made to the method for determining the static modulus of elasticity mentioned at the beginning or to DIN 53513:1990-03 already mentioned.

The thickness of the material, i.e. the thickness, of the support plate 13 is suitably in a range from 1 cm to 15 cm. In the exemplary embodiment, the material thickness of the support plate 13 is in a range from 2 cm to 6 cm.

The elastic intermediate layer 12 advantageously consists of an elastomer. In the exemplary embodiment, the elastic intermediate layer 12 consists of polyurethane. In principle, other materials or material compositions can also be used for vibration damping of the building 1, as explained at the outset.

Instead of the step-by-step formation of parting line 5 described, it would be possible in a first step to introduce all joint sections 8 of parting line 5 into the at least one wall 2, in particular into all walls 2 of building 1, and to place intermediate plates 17 in each of all joint sections 8 To arrange load transfer of the upper part of the building 25 to the lower part of the building 24 in the joint sections 8 of the parting line 5. Subsequently, the openings 7 for accommodating the bearing devices 6 could be made gradually. Alternatively, in a second step, all openings 7 could first be formed before the bearing devices 6 are arranged in the openings 7 .

Another advantage of the invention is that storage devices 6 can be easily replaced if necessary. For this purpose, in a first step, any joint material 16 present is removed from the opening 7 and from the joint sections 8 opening into the opening 7 . Furthermore, the prestressing devices 18 are accordingly 6 arranged and the support places 13 and the elastic intermediate layer 12 are raised. The spacers 14 are then removed and the intermediate plates 17 are inserted in the joint sections 8 . Then the elastic intermediate layer 12 is relieved. Now the elastic intermediate layer 12 and / or the support plate 13 can be replaced and in the Figures 5 to 7 illustrated steps of the method for installing the sound-insulating bearing device 6 are repeated.

In the Figures 14 to 18 Examples of further embodiments of the parting line 5 are shown. The bearing device 6 corresponds to the embodiment of the bearing device 6 described above. The statements made above also apply equally with regard to the preferred dimensions of the openings 7 and the joint sections 8 .

In the exemplary embodiment of the parting line 5 according to 14 it is provided that a joint delimiting surface of the joint sections 8 lies in a common horizontal plane with the upper delimiting surface 22 of the opening 7 . A non-designated joint boundary surface of the opening on the opposite side of the opening 7 joint section 8 lies in a common horizontal plane with the lower boundary surface 23 of the opening 7. This results in a kind of stepped profile parting line 5.

In the embodiment according to 15 the joint sections 8 each open centrally into lateral boundary surfaces of the opening 7 . This means that the joint sections 8 each open into the opening 7 at a distance from the upper boundary surface 22 and the lower boundary surface 23 .

in 16 In the case shown, one of the joint boundary surfaces of the joint sections 8 opening out on opposite sides of the opening 7 opens flush with the lower boundary surface 23 into the opening 7 .

In 17 Another variant is shown in which the parting line 5 is arranged between a floor 3 of a building and at least one wall 2 of a building, with the floor 3 forming the upper building part 25 and the wall 2 shown belonging to the lower building part 24 of the building. In this exemplary embodiment, the elastic intermediate layer 12 rests directly on the ceiling 3 of the building, which also has the upper boundary surface 22 of the opening 7 .

In 18 Another variant is shown in which the parting line 5 is arranged between a base plate 4 of the building and at least one wall 2 of the building. The wall 2 belongs to the upper part of the building 25 and the base plate 4 of the building forms the lower part of the building 24.

Deviating from the examples shown, the respective opening 7 in other embodiments of the invention can extend not only into the wall 2 but also into a floor slab 3 of the building 1 or into a base plate 4 .

Key to the reference numbers:

1

building

2

Wall

3

floor slab

4

base plate

5

parting line

6

storage facility

7

breakthrough

8th

joint section

9

vertical extension

10

vertical extension

11

horizontal extension

12

liner

13

support plate

14

spacers

15

support layer

16

joint material

17

intermediate plate

18

pretensioning device

19

ground level

20

roof

21

horizontal distance

22

upper boundary surface

23

lower boundary surface

24

lower part of the building

25

upper part of the building

26

wall thickness

27

wall branch

28

free end

Claims (9)

1. Method for retrofitting of vibration damping bearing devices (6) in an existing building (1), wherein a separation joint (5) is introduced into at least one wall (2) of the building (1) and/or between a floor (3) of the building (1) or a foundation slab (4) of the building (1) and at least one wall (2) of the building (1) in order to receive the bearing devices (6), characterised in that the separation joint (5) is introduced in the form of a series of apertures (7) and joint portions (8), wherein the apertures (7) are formed in the at least one wall (2) and/or floor (3) and/or foundation slab (4), and at least one of the joint portions (8) opens into each aperture (7), wherein a vertical extent (9) of the apertures (7) is formed larger than a vertical extent (10) of the joint portions (8) and at least one of the bearing devices (6) is arranged in each aperture (7).
2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that during the introduction of each joint portion (8), gradually spacing plates (17) are arranged in the joint portion (8) for temporary support of the building (1) and subsequently the apertures (7) of the separation joint (5) are formed in the at least one wall (2) and/or floor (3) and/or foundation slab (4) of the building (1) and subsequently at least one elastic intermediate layer (12) and a support plate (13) arranged beneath the at least one elastic intermediate layer (12) are introduced into the aperture (7), and the elastic intermediate layer (12) is subsequently preloaded by means of at least one preloading device (18), preferably in the vertical direction, wherein further on reaching a particular value of the preloading of the elastic intermediate layer (12), at least one spacing holder (14) is arranged beneath the support plate (13) and thereafter the spacing plates (17) are removed from the joint portion (8) and the at least one preloading device (18) is removed from the aperture (7).
3. Method according to claim 2, characterised in that the intermediate layer (12) has or consists of an elastomer.
4. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that one of the joint portions (8) of the separation joint (5) opens into at least one of the apertures (7) on each of the opposing sides of the aperture (7) and/or in that at least one of the joint portions (8) of the separation joint (5) connects two adjacently arranged apertures (7) to one another and opens thereinto.
5. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that a horizontal spacing (21) between two adjacently arranged apertures (7) is in a range from 0.5 to 12.0 m, preferably 0.5 to 3.0 m.
6. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that a horizontal extent (11) of at least one of the apertures (7), preferably each aperture (7) is in a range from 0.3 to 1.5 m, preferably 0.5 to 1.0 m.
7. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the vertical extent (9) of at least one of the apertures (7), preferably each aperture (7) is in a range from 4 to 20 cm, preferably 10 to 15 cm, and/or in that the vertical extent (10) of at least one of the joint portions (8), preferably each joint portion (8), is in a range from 0.3 to 5 cm, preferably 0.4 to 2 cm.
8. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the apertures (7) are formed sequentially, wherein a subsequent aperture (7) is formed in the wall (2) only after the installation of the at least one bearing device (6) into the just formed aperture (7).
9. Method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the building (1) has a lower building portion (24) and an upper building portion (25) which is completely separated from the lower building portion (24) via the at least one separation joint (5), wherein the upper building portion (25) is mounted on the lower building portion (24), preferably exclusively, via the bearing devices (6) arranged in the apertures (7).

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