EP2986498B1 - Lashing plate and lashing means for lashing containers to a vehicle, in particular a ship, and the lashing system consisting thereof - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a Laschplatte for attaching lashing means for containers on a vehicle, in particular ship, with at least two lashes. Furthermore, the invention relates to a lashing means for lashing containers on a vehicle, in particular ship.

Lashing plates are used, for example, on board seagoing ships to attach lashing means with which containers can be lashed. The Laschplatten be mounted on the deck of the ship or on a lashing bridge, namely welded in practice. The known Laschplatten have one (e.g., the Lascher LAP-1 plate) or two (e.g., Lascher's LAP-2/100 plate) lashes on which the lashing agent can be struck. In practice, a threaded spindle of a clamping screw is struck here by means of a shackle connected integrally or materially with the threaded spindle, wherein a screw or locking pin is guided through the lashed eye. The clamping screw is connected at its other end with a Lashing bar, which in turn is hooked by means of a hook fitting in a frontal long hole of a container corner fitting. The Laschung thus formed is stretched by appropriate screwing the clamping screw.

The lashing plate LAP-2/100 with two lashing eyes serves to attach one lashing device each for two containers jammed side by side on the deck of the ship. Each lashing agent is therefore assigned exactly one lye.

Modern containers for the transport of goods are used in two different heights, namely 8'6 "(8 feet and 6 inches) and 9'6" (9 feet and 6 inches). This means that the lashing means occupy a different angle to the ship's deck, depending on the height of the containers to be lashed. When attached to a lashing bridge by means of Laschplatten lashing this problem is exacerbated. The height of the lashing bridge above the ship deck varies from ship to ship type and corresponds to a stacking height of one to four currently stacked containers. Accordingly, depending on the concrete stacking height, the lashing means may occupy two different angles (in the case of a lashing bridge at the height of a container) to five (in the case of a lashing bridge with a height of four containers), for example in the case of a lashing bridge at the height of three containers shallowest angle at a stack height of three 8'6 "containers, the next steeper angle at a stack height of two 8'6" containers and a 9'6 "container, then at a stack height of an 8'6" container and two 9'6 "containers and finally the steepest angle at a stack height of three 9'6" containers. This is disadvantageous because it can not optimally interpret the direction of force with which the lashing means when lashing on the container Eckbeschlägen.

Up to now, containers on ships are predominantly provided with internal latches, although external latches would be more advantageous due to the more favorable introduction of force. In the case of external latches, however, there is the further problem that the two adjacent containers associated lashing bars, depending on the difference of the stack height of the two adjacent container stack, just below the hook fittings intersect, which can lead to collisions of Zurrstangen. This in turn means that under certain circumstances at least one of the lashing bars can not be struck.

Another requirement of the lashing means is that they are secured in the detached from lashing container against loss, the lashes can not fall and injure persons.

Proceeding from this, the invention is based on the problem to provide a Laschplatte and a lashing means and a system of these, can be hit with the lashing means at a constant angle while captive connected to the Laschplatten.

To solve this problem, the lashing system according to the invention is characterized in that the Laschplatte has at least two lashing eyes, which are connected by a purely linear guide for the lashing means together, and the lashing means has a complementary to the guide on the Laschplatten guide member.

Due to the inventive design of the Laschplatten each concrete on a ship possible stack height of containers can be assigned to each Laschauge. As a result, the attack angle of the lashing agent on the container can be kept constant regardless of the concrete stack height by the lashing means are always struck on each associated Laschauge. Thanks to the always same angle, the distance of the currently active Laschauges to the container corner, where the lashing system attacks, regardless of the stack height constant. As a result, the clamping system can be set with only a few spindle turns of the clamping screw, after the clamping screw and, for example, lashing bar were connected together.

The aforementioned advantages are achieved both in internal and external lashing of the container. An external lashing of the container can be realized with the lashing plate according to the invention but also in a simple manner. Normally, an upper corner fitting of a container (lower container) and a lower corner fitting of the container (upper container) stacked directly on this container are usually lashed. So there are always two mutually parallel lashing rods (or lashing cables) present, which intersect with the two lashing bars for lashing the adjacent container. Just make sure that first a lashing bar at the upper corner fitting of one of the lower container, then a second lashing to the upper corner fitting of the adjacent lower container, then a third lashing bar in the straight selected direction of rotation (clockwise or counterclockwise) to the lower Corner fitting of the upper container, which is stacked on the lower container, which acts on the second lashing bar, and finally a fourth lashing bar to the remaining lower corner fitting of the upper container, which is stacked on the lower container, which acts on the first lashing struck becomes. In other words, the lashing bars must first be struck against the upper corner fittings of the lower containers and then against the lower corner fittings of the upper containers, always in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction in a circle. Again, this is easier for the stevedores than in known systems where the stevedores often had to work hard to achieve a collision-free lashing.

As a guide on the Laschplatte is in a structurally particularly simple manner a guide recess or a guide projection. In this case, as a complementary guide member, a bolt of a shackle is suitable, wherein the bolt against withdrawal from the shackle, as it corresponds to the depth or height of the guide, is secured. The bolt can therefore always be pulled out of the shackle so far that it is not behind an edge or side surface of the guide recess or the guide projection can come free.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the guide connects the at least two Laschaugen each other. When reacting the lashing agent this is thus guided by the leadership of Laschauge to Laschauge, so that the striking of the lashing agent is simplified on the selected Laschauge. In this case, a straight-line connection between the lugs is particularly advantageous. In particular, the guide can be formed as a groove, since then, for example, the bolt of the lashing agent is automatically threaded into the next Laschauge. The bolt is then guided on both sides transversely to the groove.

The formation of the guide as a guide groove has the advantage over a slit that the lashing plate can not bend, or at least not so easily, in particular when the lashing means are approximately centered because of the attacking tensile forces.

According to a structural embodiment of the invention, each lashing eye is assigned a support element. On this support element can the lashing, in practice usually a clamping screw, temporarily store, so that it can be connected in a simplified manner with another lashing, in practice usually a lashing. The clamping screw can then already roughly point in the direction of the container corner, in which the associated lashing bar is hung with appropriate design of the support element.

The support elements may be mirror-symmetrical to an axis formed by the center of the associated Laschauges. In this way, only one type of Laschplatten needs to be kept, as the Laschplatten Lash plate can thus be used both left and right of a container.

The lashing system described so far is possibly supplemented by a lashing bar for lashing containers on a vehicle, in particular a ship, with a lashing bar body and a hook fitting, which has a fitting plate and a pivot bearing with which the hook fitting can be hung in a container corner fitting, having. In order to avoid the above-mentioned possible collisions of crossing lashing rods, the present lashing rod is furthermore characterized in that the fitting plate has at least two receptacles for the lashing body arranged at different distances from one another relative to the rotary bearing. This makes it possible to vary the distance of the lashing body to the container corner fitting, so that a further degree of freedom is given to avoid collisions of crossing lashing bars.

Since the above-mentioned construction of the lashing bar requires that the lashing body and the hooking fitting are loosely connected with each other, the lashing body and the hooking fitting should be mutually secured against being lost. This prevents the lashing body and the hook-in fitting from unintentionally coming loose and one of the parts from falling down on people.

Figur 1

eine Laschplatte mit den Erfindungsmerkmalen in Draufsicht,

Figur 2

die Laschplatte gemäß Figur 1 im Querschnitt in der Ebene II - II,

Figur 3

ein Laschmittel, nämlich eine Spannschraube mit den Erfindungsmerkmalen in Seitenansicht,

Figur 4

eine Zurrstange für ein System mit den Erfindungsmerkmalen in Seitenansicht,

Figur 5a

und 5bje einen Containerstapel ausschließlich bestehend aus Containern mit einer Höhe von 8'6" bzw. 9'6".

Figur 6

den Bereich von je einem Eckbeschlag von vier gemäß Figur 5a bzw. 5b übereinander und nebeneinander gestapelten Containern mit darin eingehängten Zurrstangen,

Figur 7

einen Containerstapel mit Containern der Höhe 8'6" und einem Container der Höhe 9'6" in der mittleren Spalte,

Figur 8

den Bereich von je einem Eckbeschlag von vier gemäß Figur 7 gestapelten Containern mit darin eingehängten Zurrstangen,

Figur 9

einen Containerstapel mit Containern der Höhe 8'6" und zwei Containern der Höhe 9'6" in der mittleren Spalte.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. In the drawing show:

FIG. 1

a Laschplatte with the features of the invention in plan view,

FIG. 2

the lashing plate according to FIG. 1 in cross-section at level II - II,

FIG. 3

a lashing means, namely a clamping screw with the features of the invention in side view,

FIG. 4

a lashing bar for a system with the features of the invention in side view,

FIG. 5a

and 5bje a container stack consisting exclusively of containers with a height of 8'6 "or 9'6".

FIG. 6

the area of each corner fitting of four according to FIG. 5a or 5b containers stacked on top of one another and side by side with lashing bars suspended in them,

FIG. 7

a container stack with containers of height 8'6 "and a container of height 9'6" in the middle column,

FIG. 8

the area of each corner fitting of four according to FIG. 7 stacked containers with lashing bars suspended in them,

FIG. 9

a container stack with containers of height 8'6 "and two containers of height 9'6" in the middle column.

In the FIGS. 1 and 2 is a Laschplatte 10 with the features of the invention shown as individual parts. The present Laschplatte 10 is an elongated structure having a plurality, namely nine lashes 11. The Laschaugen 11 are arranged in a row and equidistant from each other. The Laschaugen 11 are presently formed as a circular through holes.

Between the two outer Laschaugen 11 extends over all Laschaugen 11 away a guide, namely a guide 12. The width this guide groove 12 is slightly narrower than the diameter of the lashes eleventh

The Laschplatte 10 described so far acts to lash containers on board a ship with a lashing means, namely a clamping screw 13 together, the in FIG. 3 is shown in more detail. In principle, a clamping screw 13 of the known type with a clamping screw body 14 and a threaded spindle 15 is used for this purpose. The clamping screw body 14 has at its one end a receptacle 16, in which a thickening 17 of an in FIG. 4 Lashing bar 18 shown closer can be hung in a conventional manner. The threaded spindle 15 is also guided in a conventional manner by a sleeve 19. By means of a sliding nut 20, the clamping screw 13 can be tensioned.

At its free end, the threaded spindle 15 has a shackle 21, by means of which the clamping screw 13 is struck on one of the lashing eyes 11 of the Laschplatte 10. This shackle 21 is now formed in a special way, namely with a locking pin 22, which can not be completely pulled out of the shackle body 23 after the first connection with the Laschplatte 10. For this purpose, the locking pin 22 has a transverse to the longitudinal axis of the locking pin 22 extending pin 24. This can, as this is known from other shackles with pin, are guided by a groove in the associated bore 25 on a leg 26 of the shackle body 23. Then, the locking pin 22 is rotated by a certain amount about its longitudinal axis and the pin 24 is locked, for example, in a pocket on the shackle body 23. Through the hole 27 for the locking pin 22 in the other leg 28 of the shackle body 23, however, the pin 24 does not fit (at least not without him to move relative to the locking pin 22), so that the locking pin 22 can not be completely removed from the shackle body 23. As a result, the locking pin 22 is also secured against loss at the same time.

The locking pin 22 is extended beyond the pin 24 also (projection 29). The length of this supernatant 29 now corresponds to the depth of the guide groove 12 in the Laschplatte 10. If the struck at one in the lashing eyes 11 clamping screw body 13 at another of the lugs 11, the locking pin 22 is pulled out so far that the pin 24 to the Inside of the other leg 28 abuts, thereby the locking pin 22 is released from the Laschauge 11, but not from the guide groove 12. The clamping screw 13 can now be moved to another Laschauge 11. The clamping screw 13 is guided by the projection 29 of the locking pin 22 in the guide groove 12. Once the lash eye 11 to be used has been reached, the locking pin 22 is inserted again through this lashing eye 11 and the bore 25 in the first leg 26 and locked in the manner described above.

The procedure described above, of course, works not only with locking pins 22, but also with the bolts commonly used in shackles.

For adequate protection against loss of the clamping screw 13 on the Laschplatte 10, it is not absolutely necessary that the guide is designed as a guide groove 12. Here, the edge 46 of the Laschplatte 10, which is arranged on the side of the clamping screw body, would suffice. However, the training as a guide groove results in a good management of the clamping screw 13 in both directions during the implementation, which facilitates the implementation. Further, the material thickening on the edge 46 opposite side increases the area moment of inertia of the Laschplatte 10 and thus their flexural rigidity.

The lashing system described so far is completed by the in FIG. 4 Lashing bar 18 shown closer. This has a Zurrstangenkörper 30 and a hook-in fitting 31 connected to the lashing body 30. One or more of the already mentioned thickenings 17 are arranged on the hooking fitting 31 opposite end of Zurrstangenkörpers 30.

The Einhakbeschlag 31 itself has a fitting plate 32 and a rotary fitting 33. The rotary fitting 33 serves to hook the Einhakbeschlag 31 in a frontal slot of a container corner fitting. With the fitting plate 32 of the Einhakbeschlag 31 is guided by an eye 34 on Zurrstangenkörper 30 and secured by a pin 35 against loss.

The fitting plate 32 now has on its upper side (facing away from the thickenings 17) three receptacles lying one behind the other, which in the present case are in the form of recesses 36. In this way, it can be adjusted with which distance the eye 34 is adjusted to the pivot bearing 33 and thus to the container corner fitting. When the container latches the stevedores first hooks the hooking fitting in the container corner fitting, then selects one of the three recesses 36, connects the lashing bar 18 with the already installed clamping screw 13 and finally clamps the clamping screw 13. An abutment 37 on the fitting plate 32 sets while at the container corner fitting. The lashing system described so far is then fully stretched and the eye 34 of the lashing bar 18 can no longer slip out of the currently selected recess 36.

Coming back up FIG. 1 a further, independently conceivable feature of the Laschplatte 10 is explained below:
Each lashing eye 11 is associated with a supporting elements 38. These support elements 38 are, as in particular by the definition of the cutting planes II - II in FIG. 1 recognizable, mirror-symmetrical to a symmetry axis, the passes through the center of the associated Laschauges 11 in the radial direction. In the present case, this axis of symmetry is also perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the guide groove 12. Further, the support elements 38 on its side facing the associated lash eye 11 initially trapezoidal, wherein they taper away from the lash eye 11 away. This is followed by a rectangular area, so that on both sides of each support element 38 a paragraph 39 is formed. On this paragraph 39, the base 40 of the shackle body 23 of the clamping screw 13 can be supported as soon as the clamping screw 13 is posted on the selected Laschauge 11. As a result, the clamping screw 13 is already roughly aligned in the direction of the container corner, where the associated Lashing bar 18 is posted.

The lashing plate 10 according to the invention is attached to a vertical stand 41 of a lashing bridge 42, namely welded. For this purpose, the Laschplatte 10 is touched on its opposite the support members 38 longitudinal side in the usual way. Due to the above-mentioned symmetry of the support elements 38, the same type of lashing plate 10 can be welded to both sides of each upright 41.

When jamming the container on the deck of a container ship, the stevedores can now ensure by selecting a suitable Laschauges 11 that the lashing 18 independently attack always at the same angle to the level of the ship's deck 42 and colliding lashing bars 18 do not collide with each other.

FIG. 5a shows an example in that a container stack consists exclusively of containers 43 with the height 8'6 ".The tightening screw 13 and the lashing bar 18 associated with the upper corner fitting 44 of the lower container 43 are associated with the lowermost lashing eye 11. Accordingly, FIGS Clamping screw 13 and the lashing bar 18 which the lower corner fitting 45th of the upper container 43 are associated with the second Laschauge 11 from below.

In FIG. 5b a container stack is shown exclusively of containers 43 of height 9'6 ", which results in the maximum stacking height of containers 43. Accordingly, the tensioning screw 13 and lashing bars 18 are assigned to the two uppermost lashing eyes 11.

In the FIGS. 5a and 5b is shown a so-called outer lashing. For this purpose, the lashing system according to the invention is particularly well suited. In contrast to the conventional inner lacing clamping screw 13 and associated lashing bar 18 extend not from a lower left Eckebeschlag to an upper right Eckbeschlag the same container and vice versa, but from the container corner, where they are struck, outwardly away. As a result, the lashing bars 18 of two adjacent containers 43, as can be seen in the figures, intersect just below the hook-in fittings 31. This becomes particularly clear FIG. 6 , As well as in FIG. 6 can be clearly seen, the lashing body 30 run past the corner fittings 31 other lashing bars 18, without causing collisions. This can be achieved in a simple manner that the stowers first hangs a lashing bar 18 in an upper corner fittings 44 of the two lower container 43. He then attaches a second lashing bar 18 in the other upper corner fitting 44 of the next stacked container 43 a. So he starts either left or right below and continues accordingly right or left below. Then he hangs a third lashing bar 18 in the lower corner fitting 45 of the upper container 43, which stands on the lower container 43, in which the second lashing bar 18 is mounted. Finally, a fourth lashing bar 18 is suspended in the remaining lower corner fitting 45 of the remaining upper container 43. The stevedores therefore always start with one of the upper corner fittings 44 of a lower container and then proceed strictly in a circle. Was at the bottom left container 43 started, he goes counterclockwise. If you started at the bottom right container 43, it goes clockwise. The important thing is that it always starts at one of the lower containers.

FIG. 7 shows a container stack in which in the middle column, a container 43 with the height 9'6 "is present, while all other containers have the height 8'6". Accordingly, the clamping screws 13 are struck for the middle column on the third Laschauge 11 from below or the fourth Laschauge 11 from below. Again, the Zurrstangenkörper 30 do not collide with the Einhakbeschlägen 31 other Zurrstangen 18, as in FIG. 8 easy to recognize.

As another example shows FIG. 9 a container stack in which in the middle column two containers 43 of the height 9'6 "and the rest of the container 43 of the height 8'6" are jammed. Accordingly, the clamping screws 13, which are assigned to the middle column, struck on the fifth to sixth lashes 11 from below. As is already out FIG. 9 results, the lashing bars 18 now no longer intersect, so there is no collision problem anyway. The same applies if the difference in the stack height between the individual columns increases further.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

link plate

11

lashing eye

12

guide

13

clamping screw

14

Turnbuckles body

15

screw

16

admission

17

thickening

18

lashing bars

19

shell

20

slide nut

21

Shackles

22

Steckbolzen

23

shackle body

24

pen

25

drilling

26

leg

27

drilling

28

leg

29

Got over

30

Zurrstangenkörper

31

Einhakbeschlag

32

fitting plate

33

pivot bearing

34

eye

35

pen

36

deepening

37

abutment

38

support elements

39

paragraph

40

reason

41

stand

42

lashing bridge

43

Container

44

upper corner fitting

45

lower corner fitting

46

edge

Claims (6)

1. A lashing system for securing containers (43) on a vehicle, in particular a ship, comprising lashing plate (10) and a lashing means (13), characterised in that:

   a) the lashing plate (10) comprises at least two lashing eyes (11), which are connected solely linear guidance rail for the lashing mans (13), and

   b) the lashing means (13) comprises a guidance means (29) complementary to the guidance rail of the lashing plate (10).
2. The lashing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the guidance rail is formed as a guiding recess (12) or a guiding projection.
3. The lashing system according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that each lashing eye (11) is assigned with a support element (38) for the lashing means (13).
4. The lashing system according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the support elements (38) are formed mirror-symmetrical to an axis (II - II) through the center of the associated lashing eye (11).
5. The lashing system according to any of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the guiding recess (12) is designed as a guiding groove.
6. The lashing system according to any of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the guidance means (29) is assigned to a locking pin (22) of a shackle (21), the locking pin (22) being secured against extraction from the shackle (21) more than corresponding to the depth or the height, respectively, of the guidance rail.

Images