EP2927160B1 - All-door construction skip comprising a retractable control spreader and having reduced width - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a so-called "gate pass" construction site for the removal of materials and site waste, this bucket therefore being of small width construction so as to pass through the doors, and having in the upper part an opening the clearest possible, so as to facilitate the filling, and the emptying by the same opening is obtained by the operation of an automatic articulated lifter.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

To move materials and waste on building sites, especially on construction sites of buildings, it is known to use portable dump doors with a wide opening on the top, and a means of upper attachment to attach to the hook of a crane to move them.

This type of bucket generally comprises, in a longitudinal direction, a face subsequently called the front face, which may be lower to facilitate loading by an operator.

In particular, these portable bins are used to receive rubbish or site waste during work on a construction site, and then evacuate these rubble or waste easily and quickly by lifting these bins using a crane which disposes them elsewhere. above an evacuation zone, such as a truck body, and lifts them by their rear part in order to empty their contents which slides forward and is thus evacuated on the side of their front face.

For the attachment of these door dump bodies by a crane, a known device comprises a lifter constituted in a general "U" shape and provided with a transverse bar equipped with a central ring, said bar being extended at its ends. of two amounts whose bases are articulated each around a transverse pivot disposed in the middle of a lateral side of the bucket.

This type of skip-box made of welded sheet generally has, for this type, an upper contour forming a flange which has a certain width, in order to give the structure a high rigidity, and which is achieved by folding the sheet metal. or by a reported profile. The amounts of the rudder of this type of bucket are then arranged outside such a rim, to receive the transverse axes of the joints successively crossing the amount and then the rim.

By grasping its central ring, the rudder is raised vertically which is articulated substantially in the middle of the bucket, and it is in this position that the bucket is moved horizontally and / or vertically to its place of complementary filling or emptying.

Then, during the removal of the bucket for filling, the crane operator tilts the rudder rearward, which rams retracts then coming around the rear contour of the bucket, to leave its fully open opening to the high, which facilitates its loading.

Some skips of this type also include a means for automatically locking the lifter in the folded position also allowing, by raising the central ring, to tilt the bucket forward to empty it in a truck. After the removal of such an empty bucket on the ground, the operator can proceed, following another maneuver, the release of the spreader, which has the effect of releasing the automatic lock and then allow the crane operator raise the lifter vertically to transport the bucket.

A particular application of this type of door dump can also be provided for containers of reduced width, equipped with wheels underneath, to move them in a building, at this or that floor, and out by an outside door to evacuate the materials.

German utility models DE-U-90 11,634 and DE-U-90 14 514 describe dump trucks that, with the exception of casters that would have facilitated their movements, correspond to the aforementioned type.

A problem that arises with this type of dump body is to optimize the lateral dimensions in order to obtain with an overall external space, limited by the width of passage of the doors, a maximum interior volume to receive the as much as possible of materials to be evacuated.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is intended in particular to avoid the disadvantages of the most prior techniques and simultaneously to provide a solution to the problem described in the previous paragraph.

It proposes for this purpose a skip of door construction site comprising a crossbar having a crossbar equipped with a lifting means and having at its ends two amounts each comprising a base articulated on a side face of the bucket, the spreader having in addition to an automatic locking and unlocking system adapted to maintain said lifter in the closed position during the emptied operation of the bucket and said bucket further having an upper flange forming a stiffening contour, characterized in that that when the rudder is in the folded position, each upright with its articulation is superimposed on the part of the upper rim corresponding thereto, its width being substantially integrated in that of said flange.

A first advantage of this construction bucket is that by arranging the amounts of the spreader and their joints in an integrated manner in the width of the upper rim, we obtain a maximum interior volume for a limited external lateral space, while preserving the total clearance of the upper entrance of this bucket. The reduced external width of the bucket facilitates in particular the passage of doors. None of the documents published in 1990, illustrating the closest state of the art of the invention, suggests that each amount of the rudder comes to superpose the upper rim of the body of the bucket that corresponds to it when said rudder is in the folded position .

A second advantage of the dump body according to the invention is that it incorporates an automatic unlocking system of the lifter lock device, said unlocking device can be easily operated remotely by the crane operator. Thus, the ground operator no longer has to intervene on the door dump to unlock the rudder and, thereafter, allow its lifting vertically due to the operation of the crane operator. This eliminates a risk of injury to the operator on the ground, a risk that exists as soon as he has to intervene on the dump body.

The skip of the door construction site according to the invention may further comprise one or more of the following characteristics, which may be combined with one another.

According to a preferred construction, the automatic locking and unlocking system adapted to maintain the lifter in the closed position during the emptying operation comprises a pivoting cam secured to the transverse bar of the spreader, which pivoting cam comes into contact with different pins fixed on the bucket, said pins being arranged so as to cause, each lowering of the spreader, a rotation of the cam alternately leading to the locking of said cam on these pins, or its release.

Advantageously, the bucket according to the invention has an overall width of between about 650 mm and about 750 mm.

Preferably, the underside of the panel constituting the base of said bucket is equipped with a wheel train.

Advantageously, each articulation of an amount on a lateral face of the bucket comprises a yoke.

In particular, the yoke may comprise two parallel plates which receive the end of the amount between them and which are substantially aligned on either side of the upper rim.

Advantageously, each side face of the bucket comprises an inverted "V" upper contour receiving at its apex means of articulation of the rudder.

Advantageously, the spreader being folded, its amounts come above the edges leaving a safety gap between them which avoids pinching a hand or an arm.

Advantageously, the lifter may include forms giving, when folded, a complete clearance of the upper opening of the bucket.

Advantageously, the spreader being folded, its crossbar is disposed outside and behind the rear face of the bucket. It is noteworthy that this construction allows the rudder to also serve as a handle for rolling the bucket by hand.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The detailed specifications of the invention are given in the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that these drawings have no other purpose than that of illustrating the text of the description and that they therefore in no way constitute a limitation of the scope of the invention.

• la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'une benne passe-porte selon l'invention, son palonnier étant replié ;
• la figure 2 est une vue de face de cette benne ;
• la figure 3 est une vue de côté de cette même benne ;
• la figure 4 est une vue de cette benne en cours de vidage ;
• la figure 5 est une vue de côté de cette benne, son palonnier étant relevé ; et
• la figure 6 est une vue d'un empilage de trois bennes pour les transporter.

In these drawings:

• the figure 1 is a perspective view of a door dump body according to the invention, its lifter being folded;
• the figure 2 is a front view of this dumpster;
• the figure 3 is a side view of this same bucket;
• the figure 4 is a view of this dumpster being dumped;
• the figure 5 is a side view of this bucket, its rudder being raised; and
• the figure 6 is a view of a stack of three skips for transporting them.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

The figure 1 has a rectangular-shaped top-door skip bucket 1, elongated in a longitudinal direction, comprising two side faces 2 having an inverted "V" top contour, and a rear face 5 having a horizontal upper contour which extends substantially continue the contour of the lateral faces.

The front face 6 of this skip 1 is, from the bottom up, inclined forward and, in the upper part, it ends with an upper contour coming a little below that of the rear face, so to facilitate the front loading of materials.

The upper contour of the lateral faces 2 and of the rear face 5 has a continuous upper flange 4 formed by the panel sheet which is folded outwards and then downwards, in order to bring a high rigidity to the assembly, and avoid cutting edges of steel that are outward and could injure users.

Advantageously, the panel 7 constituting the base of the bucket receives below a train of rollers 8, having at the front two fixed rollers arranged in the longitudinal direction and at the rear two castors mounted pivoting about a vertical axis, so to facilitate the movements of the bucket in all directions, but which can be blocked, to secure the position of the bucket.

Two tubular crosspieces 10 of rectangular section are arranged transversely between the rollers 8, to allow the catch of the bucket by the forks of a forklift, to lift it.

Alternatively, these tubular cross members can be replaced by profiles or by rigid angles which will participate in the stiffening of the bucket and which facilitate the catch and the transport thereof by the forks of a carriage.

A yoke 16, welded to the top of each lateral face 2 forming the tip of the "V", comprises two parallel vertical plates comprising a flat inner plate 12, aligned on the panel of said lateral face, and an outer plate 14 aligned on the outside the upper flange 4, its lower end being folded to bear against this panel. The two inner plates 12 and outer 14 are pierced, their orifices being arranged vis-à-vis.

A yoke 16 is thus obtained which comprises at the top a transverse bore, which is rigidly fixed to the bucket, and which is arranged exactly in the thickness of the upper flange 4.

A lifting bar 20, comprising a transverse upper bar 22 equipped in the middle with a lifting ring 24, has at each end of said bar 22 an upright 26 of rectangular tubular section which terminates at the base by a plate 28 arranged in a longitudinal plane, inserted in the median plane of the yoke 16. Each upright 26 may be in the form of a rectangular or square section tube, or in the form of a profile, for example a T-section or in I.

An axis passing through the orifices of the two plates forming the yoke 16, as well as an orifice pierced in the base plate 28, provides a hinge of the rudder 20 on the two lateral faces 2 of the bucket 1. The width of the uprights 26, that the latter are tubular or profiled, substantially corresponds to the width of the upper rim 4, and is superimposed above this rim when the rudder is folded.

When the lifter 20 is folded backwards, as shown on the Figures 1 to 3 , its uprights 26 are substantially parallel to the upper rim 4 with a minimum distance E, thanks to a rearward shift of the bores of the base plates 28 when the rudder is vertical. The distance E thus provides protection in the case where the rudder 20 falls suddenly, while ground operators have left a hand or an arm placed on the upper edge 4 of the bucket, avoiding pinching or crushing them.

In its folded position, the transverse bar 22 of the crossbar 20 comes behind the rear face 5 of the bucket 1 and the uprights 26 are fitted above the side portions of the lateral flange 4. Note that the opening of the bucket In this way, the door-keeper is completely unobstructed, which facilitates any loading operation.

The crossbar 22 of the crossbar 20 also has in its middle an arm 30 facing downwardly when the lifter is folded, which arm has at its free end a cam 32 pivotally mounted about a transverse axis. The cam 32 has in this embodiment the shape of an elongated diabolo comprising at each end a hollow surrounded by two points.

The spreader bar 20 is being folded on the bucket 1, the cam 32 is inserted between two parallel longitudinal plates 34, which are welded to the rear face 5, perpendicularly thereto, and which are connected by three transverse pins 36. The shape of the ends of the cam 32 as well as the positioning of the three pins 36 will lead to the following movements during a removal of the bucket on the ground, with a fold of its rudder 20.

At the end of the descent of the rudder 20 controlled by the crane operator, the cam 32 inevitably comes into contact with the upper lug 36 ', which then causes a first rotation of the cam, which is placed substantially vertically. When the cam 32 is in this first particular angular position, the crane stops the downward movement of the spreader and in particular prevents the cam 32 comes to touch the pin 36 "it overhangs.

At the next lift controlled by the crane operator, lift that is shown in the figure 4 , the cam 32 is thus locked under the pin 36 'so as to maintain the rudder 20 in its folded position. The bucket 1 can thus continue its rocking movement, its inclined front face 6 exceeding a little horizontal position to allow to completely empty the contents of said bucket.

Note that the very far back position of the lifting ring 24, relative to the rear face of the bucket, facilitates tilting when lifting this ring and increases the angle of inclination of the bucket, which is favorable to ensure a complete emptying of the materials.

At the next removal of the bucket, the crane operator ensures that the descent of the rudder is more pronounced until the cam comes to touch the nipple 36 ", then pivots even more, in the retrograde direction relative to the drawings , and then come to bear against the two pins 36 "and 36"', as shown in FIG. figure 3 . The passage of the cam 32 is thus "released" relative to the stud 36 '. The crane operator can then raise the rudder 20 to put it in its vertical position when the bucket is removed, as shown in FIG. figure 5 .

This results in automatic maneuvers of the rudder 20 which are controlled solely by the more or less pronounced downward movement that the crane gives precisely to the rudder, and consequently to the cam 32 in the form of a diabolo, the ground operator n not having to approach the dumpster.

It will be noted that, on each side of the bucket 1, the upright 26 of the spreader 20 and the yoke 16 comprising the articulation of said spreader being entirely adjusted to the width of the upper rim 4, one thus obtains in accordance with the invention a system of Lifting that keeps the inside volume of the body available to the maximum, with a minimum overall width. This type of bucket is therefore particularly suitable for passing through openings of reduced width.

It can be used in particular to move it on different levels of a building under construction, through internal distribution doors, then out through a passage leading to the outside, for example by providing an external platform of site at the latter passage to receive said bucket and prepare its removal by a crane. It can be advantageously provided that the bucket 1 has an overall width of between about 650 mm and about 750 mm, which allows it to pass through the majority of doors. This overall width may however be somewhat greater than 750 mm in the case where the building to be built is essentially for administrative use, the doors being this time planned to be often of a width of the order of 1.50. m.

The figure 6 presents the possibility of stacking skips door 1 allowed by a slight flaring of their side faces 2 deviating upwardly to allow this stacking. The stack is then preferably made with an alternating direction to reduce the bulk. The set of bins 1 superimposed can then be moved easily by hand, thanks to the wheels 8 of the lower body.

It goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the only preferred embodiments described above.

On the contrary, it embraces all the possible variants of embodiment, insofar as the latter do not go beyond the scope delimited by the appended claims which define the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. Building site skip (1) for passing through doorways having a lifting beam (20) exhibiting a transverse bar (22) equipped with a lifting means (24) and provided at its ends with two uprights (26) each comprising a base which is hinged on a side face (2) of the skip (1), the lifting beam (20) additionally having an automatic locking and unlocking system (32, 36) capable of maintaining the said lifting beam (20) in the closed position in the course of the operation of emptying the skip (1) and the said skip (1) additionally having an upper rim (4) forming a stiffening contour, characterised in that when the lifting beam (20) is in its folded down position, each upright (26) with its hinge is positioned over the part of the upper rim (4) corresponding to it, its width being substantially integrated in that of the said rim (4).
2. Building site skip (1) for passing through doorways according to claim 1, characterised in that the automatic locking and unlocking system (32, 36) capable of maintaining its lifting beam (20) in the closed position in the course of the emptying operation comprises a pivoting cam (32) integral with the transverse bar (22) of the lifting beam (20), which cam (32) comes into contact with different lugs (36) fixed on the skip (1), the said lugs (36) being disposed in such a way as to cause a rotation of the cam (32) every time the lifting beam (20) is lowered, leading alternatively to the locking of the said cam (32) on these lugs (36) or to its unlocking.
3. Building site skip (1) for passing through doorways according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterised in that it exhibits an overall width of between about 650 mm and about 750 mm.
4. Building site skip (1) for passing through doorways according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the underside of the panel (7) constituting the base of the said skip is equipped with a set of wheels (8).
5. Building site skip (1) for passing through doorways according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that each hinge of an upright (26) on a side face (2) of the skip has a forked joint (16).
6. Building site skip (1) for passing through doorways according to claim 5, characterised in that the forked joint (16) comprises two parallel plates (12, 14) which receive the end (28) of the upright (26) between them and which are substantially aligned on either side of the upper rim (4).
7. Building site skip (1) for passing through doorways according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that each side face (2) has an upper contour in the form of an inverted "V" receiving at its apex a means (16) for hinging of the lifting beam (20).
8. Building site skip (1) for passing through doorways according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that when the lifting beam (20) is folded down, its uprights (26) come above the rims (4) leaving between them a safety gap (E) which avoids nipping a hand or an arm.
9. Building site skip (1) for passing through doorways according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the lifting beam (20) has forms which, when it is folded down, ensure that the upper opening of the said skip (1) is completely clear.
10. Building site skip (1) for passing through doorways according to claim 9, characterised in that when the lifting beam (20) is folded down, its transverse bar (22) is disposed outside and to the rear of the rear face (5) of the skip (1) in such a way that it simultaneously constitutes a handle for movement of the said skip (1).

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