EP2923976A1 - Vorrichtung und verfahren zum automatischen laden von gegenständen - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und verfahren zum automatischen laden von gegenständen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2923976A1
EP2923976A1 EP12816682.4A EP12816682A EP2923976A1 EP 2923976 A1 EP2923976 A1 EP 2923976A1 EP 12816682 A EP12816682 A EP 12816682A EP 2923976 A1 EP2923976 A1 EP 2923976A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sensors
transport means
objects
oriented
enclosure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12816682.4A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2923976B1 (de
Inventor
Domingo Jordi I. RIGOL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vanderlande Industries BV
Original Assignee
Vila Torra Cecilia
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vila Torra Cecilia filed Critical Vila Torra Cecilia
Publication of EP2923976A1 publication Critical patent/EP2923976A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2923976B1 publication Critical patent/EP2923976B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G43/00—Control devices, e.g. for safety, warning or fault-correcting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G67/00—Loading or unloading vehicles
    • B65G67/02—Loading or unloading land vehicles
    • B65G67/04—Loading land vehicles
    • B65G67/08—Loading land vehicles using endless conveyors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of transportation of goods, more specifically to the field of loading of objects in an enclosure, for example a container, a truck or a goods train.
  • a first object of the present invention is a device for automatic loading, which is equipped with sensors that allow the determination of the available free space enclosure where the objects are stored, allowing the optimization of the loading process.
  • a second object of the present invention is a method for automatic loading of objects using said device.
  • the term "object” covers any type of element that is susceptible of being loaded in one of such enclosures, either for its storage or for its transportation.
  • Some examples of objects include packets, envelopes, grain, mineral, etc.
  • Current loading devices are basically formed by a conveyor belt that has a rear end situated in a loading bay and a front end that can be introduced into the train or truck box. To perform the loading, objects are placed on the rear end of the belt, which transports the objects to the front end where these are unloaded, either automatically or by an operator.
  • the conveyor belt is telescopic or extensible, for example using a series of individual belts connected to each other, or where mechanisms that elevate or that make the distal end descend are used.
  • These characteristics allow the distal extreme to move forwards, backwards, up or down in the interior of the enclosure according to the requirements, in order to perform a more efficient loading.
  • These type of devices commonly named telescopic belt conveyors, have a fixed base that contains the telescopic belt conveyors in its interior, which has several sections joined together that can be extended synchronously and progressively from the base section.
  • Each of the sections is supported by wheels on which slides a steel plane rail that is welded to the bottom of the side plates of the sections, adjusting itself to each vertical telescopic section and laterally from the interior to guarantee the adequate alignment of the telescopic movement.
  • a steel plane rail that is welded to the bottom of the side plates of the sections, adjusting itself to each vertical telescopic section and laterally from the interior to guarantee the adequate alignment of the telescopic movement.
  • Some automatic loading devices are also known. However, these devices are based on the use of a fixed program that essentially designates a series of working times of the conveyor belt in different predetermined positions of the front end. This means, it is not taken into account, in real time, the current status of the load in the enclosure, instead objects are placed in places decided beforehand. Therefore, if the programming is not correct, an inefficient loading of the enclosure will be obtained or, in the worst case, impacts of the belt against the walls of the enclosure or with the objects that are being loaded, jamming of the objects in -certain places of the enclosure, etc., which can produce failures or malfunctions of the belt, the walls of the enclosure or the load.
  • the inventors of the present application have designed an automatic loading device that solves the above mentioned problems by means of the arrangement of a series of sensors on the front end of the conveyor belt. These sensors obtain information in real time regarding the surroundings of the front end of the conveyor belt, which allows for a safer and more efficient automatic loading process performance. In other words, it is capable of acting in real time, reacting to a specific situation and it adjusts automatically to different types of shapes of the load. Unlike devices currently known, it is not a sequence previously recorded.
  • a first aspect of the invention is directed to a device for automatically loading objects in an enclosure, wherein the device comprises transportation means, for example a conveyor belt, and one processing means that controls the movements of one front end of the conveyor belt during the loading process.
  • the device according to the invention further comprises proximity or presence sensors arranged on the front end of the conveyor belt for detecting the position of said front end with respect to the previously loaded objects and/or to the roof and/or the walls of the enclosure.
  • the processing means of the device according to the invention controls the movements of the front end of the conveyor belt according to the information obtained in real time by said proximity sensors.
  • the conveyor belt is extensible by means of a telescopic mechanism, which allows the front end to move entering or exiting longitudinally along the enclosure.
  • the conveyor belt is laterally movable on guides located on the ground, so that the front end moves transversally along the enclosure.
  • the device comprises at least one sensor oriented in the vertical direction, a sensor oriented in the frontal direction, and a sensor oriented in the frontal direction inclined downwards.
  • This group of sensors allows the determination of the height of the objects arranged in front of the front end of the conveyor belt, as well as the available distance that still exists between said point and the roof of the enclosure.
  • the processing means can decide if the loading can continue at such position, or by contrary, if it is necessary to move the frontal end of the conveyor band to continue the loading in another place.
  • the front end of the conveyor band further comprises at least two sensors oriented towards the sides.
  • the purpose of these at least two lateral sensors is basically to check for any obstacles that may prevent lateral displacement of the belt, avoiding possible accidents due to impacts against the operators or the walls of the enclosure.
  • the proximity or presence sensors are chosen from the group formed by: optical sensors, ultrasonic sensors, capacitive sensors, inductive sensors and Hall Effect sensors, or any other type of suitable sensor.
  • the device further comprises a detector of the height of the transported objects on the conveyor belt.
  • This detector allows the processing means to know the estimated size of the following object that will be loaded, so that it can take decisions regarding the most appropriate place to place it.
  • a second aspect of the present invention is directed to a method for automatically loading of objects in an enclosure using the device described above, comprising the following steps:
  • the top edge of the previously loaded objects has been found when the sensor oriented in frontal direction does not detect any object and the sensor oriented in the frontal direction inclined downwards detects any object.
  • the sensor oriented in the frontal direction does not detect anything, it can be supposed that no object exists immediately in front of the front end of the belt, while if the sensor oriented in the frontal direction inclined downward detects something, it can be supposed that there is at least one object that occupies that space up to a somewhat lower height than the belt occupies.
  • the top border of a stack or heap of objects, situated in front of the front edge of the conveyor belt has been found.
  • this step is done by subtracting the distance to the roof detected by the sensor oriented in the vertical direction from the height of the next transported object measured by the height detector. If the available distance is greater than the height of the next object, the processing means determines that there is enough space to place that object.
  • any lateral displacement of the front end of the conveyor belt preferably it is verified by means of the sensors oriented in the lateral direction that there is not any obstacle, such as an operator or the walls of the enclosure, and in this way avoiding potential accidents.
  • One additional advantage is that the device of the present invention is prepared to load different truck or container lengths, or even continue with the loading if it is partially filled.
  • FIGs. 1 and 2 it is shown how the conveyor belt (2) has a front end (2a) that is intended to be introduced into the enclosure (11) that wants to be loaded, and one rear end (2b) remains on the outside thereof.
  • a detector (4) of the height of the objects (10) that are transported on the belt (2) is also observed which in this example is designed in the form of a portal frame provided with a sensor that is situated above the belt (2).
  • the telescopic conveyor belt (2) of the device (1) is shown in folded position.
  • Figs. 3a, 3b and 3c are represented the fields of action of the different used proximity sensors (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d).
  • two sensors (3d) oriented towards the sides, to the right and to the left, respectively, for the detection of the lateral walls of the truck box (11), or in general of any obstacle that may be found in that position have been used.
  • Fig. 4 shows a plane view of a loading bay provided with two devices (1) according to the present invention, which are mounted on guides (5). These guides (5) allow the lateral displacement of the devices (1) as a whole, which not only allows the lateral displacement of the front end (2a) of the belt (2) in the interior of a truck box (11), but also that a single device (1) can carry out the loading of trucks situated in several different loading bays. In this case, two devices (1) serve four loading bays.
  • a truck has been represented in the loading bay situated at the upper part of the figure, being the front end (2) of the belt (2) of the corresponding device (1) in the enclosure that will be loaded, that in this example is the truck box (11).
  • Fig. 5 shows a lateral view of this device (1) introduced into a truck box (11).
  • Fig. 6 shows a specific moment during a loading process of a truck box (11) like that shown in Fig. 5 .
  • the processing means (not shown in the figures) commands the displacement of the front end (2a) of the conveyor belt (2) to find the top edge of the stack of objects (10).
  • the displacement can be vertical (for example, by means of a hydraulic mechanism), longitudinal (by extending or retracting the telescopic mechanism of the conveyor belt (2)), or lateral (by laterally moving the whole device (1) on the guides (5)).
  • the processing means compares the distance from said front end (2a) to the roof of the truck box (11), obtained from the sensor (3a), with the height of the next object (10'), which has been measured using the height detector (4) situated over the conveyor belt (2). If there is enough space, as in this example, the processing means commands the conveyor belt (2) advance, and the object (10') is deposited on top of the stack of objects (10) already loaded.
  • the processing means commands again to find the top edge of the stack of objects (10).
  • the front end (2a) of the conveyor belt (2) and the roof of the truck box (11) to place the subsequent object the front end (2a) moves laterally or backwards until it finds a place where there is enough space.
  • lateral displacements it is previously verified by means of the sensors (3d) that there is no obstacle, as it may be a lateral wall of the truck box (11) or an operator.
  • this new device (1) represents an important improvement with respect to the prior art devices where objects (11) were simply placed following a fixed program beforehand predetermined. Not only common accidents with the prior art devices are avoided, but also the performance with respect to the load volume on trucks is greatly improved.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Loading Or Unloading Of Vehicles (AREA)
  • Control Of Conveyors (AREA)
EP12816682.4A 2012-10-31 2012-10-31 Vorrichtung und verfahren zum automatischen laden von artikeln Not-in-force EP2923976B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ES2012/070764 WO2014068149A1 (es) 2012-10-31 2012-10-31 Dispositivo y procedimiento de carga automática de objetos

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2923976A1 true EP2923976A1 (de) 2015-09-30
EP2923976B1 EP2923976B1 (de) 2018-01-10

Family

ID=47598875

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12816682.4A Not-in-force EP2923976B1 (de) 2012-10-31 2012-10-31 Vorrichtung und verfahren zum automatischen laden von artikeln

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2923976B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2663380T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2014068149A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4001184A1 (de) * 2020-11-18 2022-05-25 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Verfahren zur positionsbestimmung eines objektes, steuervorrichtung, programm, frachtumschlagsvorrichtung und frachtumschlagssystem

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3836021A (en) * 1972-10-05 1974-09-17 Williams J Mc Apparatus for handling mail bags
US4595331A (en) * 1983-12-29 1986-06-17 Adolph Coors Company Automated railcar loader and method
US5403142A (en) * 1991-08-22 1995-04-04 Stewart-Glapat Corporation Pallet handling adjustable conveyor
DE69601261T2 (de) * 1995-02-13 1999-05-20 United Parcel Service Of America, Inc., Atlanta, Ga. Apparat und verfahren zur zufuhr von material
US20090169349A1 (en) * 2008-01-02 2009-07-02 Reed Wesley C Conveyor with set-back front wheel assembly
DK2151403T3 (da) * 2008-08-04 2013-03-25 Heinz Buse Logistiksystem
GB2484546B (en) 2010-10-15 2013-03-20 Sovex Ltd Telescopic belt conveyor

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2014068149A1 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4001184A1 (de) * 2020-11-18 2022-05-25 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Verfahren zur positionsbestimmung eines objektes, steuervorrichtung, programm, frachtumschlagsvorrichtung und frachtumschlagssystem
US12448232B2 (en) 2020-11-18 2025-10-21 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Arrangement position determination method of object, control device, non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, cargo handling device, and cargo handling system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2014068149A1 (es) 2014-05-08
EP2923976B1 (de) 2018-01-10
ES2663380T3 (es) 2018-04-12

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