EP2922777A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour déposer une bande de matériau flexible - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour déposer une bande de matériau flexible

Info

Publication number
EP2922777A1
EP2922777A1 EP13802534.1A EP13802534A EP2922777A1 EP 2922777 A1 EP2922777 A1 EP 2922777A1 EP 13802534 A EP13802534 A EP 13802534A EP 2922777 A1 EP2922777 A1 EP 2922777A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
material web
engagement
contact
laying
engagement element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13802534.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2922777B1 (fr
Inventor
Guido Herzog
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cu4innovation GmbH
Original Assignee
Cu4innovation GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cu4innovation GmbH filed Critical Cu4innovation GmbH
Publication of EP2922777A1 publication Critical patent/EP2922777A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2922777B1 publication Critical patent/EP2922777B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H45/00—Folding thin material
    • B65H45/02—Folding limp material without application of pressure to define or form crease lines
    • B65H45/06—Folding webs
    • B65H45/10—Folding webs transversely
    • B65H45/101—Folding webs transversely in combination with laying, i.e. forming a zig-zag pile
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H45/00—Folding thin material
    • B65H45/02—Folding limp material without application of pressure to define or form crease lines
    • B65H45/06—Folding webs
    • B65H45/10—Folding webs transversely
    • B65H45/101—Folding webs transversely in combination with laying, i.e. forming a zig-zag pile
    • B65H45/107—Folding webs transversely in combination with laying, i.e. forming a zig-zag pile by means of swinging or reciprocating guide bars

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for depositing a flexible material web, wherein the material web is fed by means of a feeder and deposited by means of a laying device on a depositing zigzag, the web after exiting the feeder of at least two at least in opposite directions movable engagement elements of the laying device is contacted and guided to the depositing position and wherein the engaging elements change their position during contact with the material web between an engagement position and a release position.
  • the invention relates to a device for depositing a flexible material web, in particular for carrying out the method, with a feed device for feeding the material web and with a laying device for zigzag-shaped depositing the material web on a deposit, wherein the laying device at least two at least in opposite Layers comprises releasable, movably mounted engagement elements and wherein the engagement elements during the change in position between an engagement position and a release position in contact with the material web.
  • the webs may be in the form of a textile fabric, such as woven, knitted, padded and nonwoven fabric, in the form of paper, natural, plastic or metal products, sheet composite materials or composites thereof. Also foamed and / or coated and / or fibrous products come as a flexible material web into consideration, which is further processed later.
  • the method of zigzagging the material web is known under the name "Festooning", the associated device under the name “Festooner” example.
  • the laying device is formed by a laying arm, which is pivoted back and forth in the longitudinal direction.
  • a device for folding flexible webs of material is known from the document DE 10203115 A1, wherein the web of material is passed between two opposing folding knives.
  • a folding knife is extended and contacts the material web.
  • the folding knife performs two movements, namely a rotary movement and a translatory movement.
  • the first folding knife is turned upwards in the direction of the material web emerging from the feed rolls, contacts them on the nearest surface and takes them down during the next rotational movement, in the direction of the surface of the already deposited material web.
  • the second folding knife now performs a translatory retraction movement, shortly before the material web section brought up by the first folding knife reaches the stack, so that the material web section brought up by the first folding knife can be deposited on the stack.
  • the translatory retraction movement takes place on the surface of the last deposited layer or of the last deposited material web section - parallel to the laying direction and over the entire laying length.
  • the material web section brought up by the first folding knife is now deposited on the stacking surface, while the second folding knife is turned upwards and leads to the next material web section, this time executing the bend or folding on the other, opposite side.
  • the first folding knife is controlled by a first gear, which also affects the second folding knife by this is held in the storage position (full feed position) until the first folding knife has formed the kink.
  • a second gear affects the up and down movement.
  • the state of the art is classified as disadvantageous in that the translational retraction movement of the engagement element, which takes place over the entire laying length, may result in damage to the surface or wrinkling on the surface of the uppermost layer deposited on the depositing point.
  • the long contact path is associated with friction and thus with energy loss.
  • electrostatic effects due to attraction of different materials with each other are possible.
  • the surface of the depositing point which has not yet been covered by material web, could impair the surface quality of the folding knife.
  • the method in question does not allow high speeds because of the connecting rods and the mass there.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method and a device of the type in question, wherein the quality of the deposited material web remains largely uninfluenced.
  • each engagement element has a contact portion which is moved into the engaged position in a contact position and in the release position in an empty position, wherein the direction of movement of the contact portion is angled to the laying direction.
  • each engagement element has a contact portion which is engageable in an engaged position in a contact position and in the release position in an empty position, wherein the direction of movement of the contact portion is angled oriented to laying direction.
  • the contact surface is thus kept low and thus the risk of surface damage or unwanted wrinkling on the uppermost deposited layer of the web largely eliminated. It is advantageous that in the movement direction according to the invention, the dimensions of the contact area, in contrast to the generic state of the art - DE 10203115 A1 - can be kept very low. Basically, the web on the contact section slowly rolls off the closer you get to the release position. When moving out of the contact section, in any case, nothing is carried along by the material web over the entire laying length. The release of the contact to reach the empty position takes place only in the area of the loop in the release position.
  • the angle at which engaging / contacting and releasing / emptying takes place through the contact portion is 90 ° to the direction of lay.
  • the orientation of the direction of movement at right angles to the laying direction is advantageous with regard to the uniform contact between material web and contact section as well as with regard to the lowest possible contact between Kantaktabites and the edge region of the web.
  • the release position could be achieved at the ends of the deposit and the engagement position could be achieved in the region of the emerging from the feeder material web.
  • the release could also before reaching the deposit place. This case occurs, for example, when a special hold-down with rotating arms is used, which takes a loop of the material web, which is located at the height level of the lowermost reversal region of the material web on the carrier, and finally leads to the deposit and there the hold-down function on the already deposited material web exerts.
  • This simple embodiment could be supplemented by the fact that, when the release position is reached, an engagement element operating in the other alignment direction is brought into the engaged position by means of an engagement element operating in one release direction.
  • This method could be continued by a change of the registration directions takes place when an engaging in the registration direction engagement member has reached the release position and the other, working in the other direction of engagement engaging member in the engaged position starts to take the web.
  • engagement elements can be changed in their position relative to the material web, they could be rotated about an axis of rotation or circulate on a path.
  • slide-mounted engagement member could ride on a fixed rail.
  • the engagement members could be changed in their length dimension to realize the desired chop length of the chuck.
  • Another advantage, which ties in with theCloudneinstalliana the engagement elements, is that after leaving the release position, the engagement elements can be moved into an energy-saving position, so that during the movement between release position and engagement position - ie during the "empty" - a possible low torque is generated.
  • the engagement elements could circulate on a guideway, in particular on an endless guide rail.
  • the engagement elements could be adjustable at a distance from the deposit. This distance setting could be realized on the one hand via the position of the engagement elements on the guide rail, on the other hand on the ownAusneinstell- availability of the engagement elements.
  • An extension mechanism could additionally be arranged on a slide in order to position the engagement element.
  • the engagement elements could each have a contact portion whose contact position or its empty position could be achieved by moving the contact portion of the engagement element.
  • this could also be transmitted via a carrier ger, on which the engagement element is mounted, are moved.
  • the carrier could thus be angled, pivoted to the laying direction, until the contact portion comes into contact or idle position.
  • the depositing point, the feeding device and the laying device could be adjusted relative to each other in terms of the distance.
  • the stack height plays a role. The higher the stack, the greater the distance.
  • the deposit could be in the form of a rigid platform or as a lifting table with pallet or receptacle / carton.
  • the laying device could also be moved in height.
  • the depositing point and / or the laying device and / or the feeding device could also change, that is to say to move back and forth. This is conducive to fully exploiting the space on the depository, for example within a carton located there or on the surface of a pallet located there.
  • the subject matter of the present invention is furthermore a device which is capable of carrying out the method steps according to the invention.
  • the method it has also been recognized with regard to the device that the quality of the material web in the engaged or released position remains largely unaffected when the contact section in the width dimension engages or disengages from the material web and only a small contact surface is realized ,
  • the laying device could also extend below the feed device, in particular from the aspect that the engagement elements are positionally movable between an engagement and release position on the one hand and also between release and engagement position on the other. The two positions have height levels spaced apart from each other, the release position being below the engagement position.
  • the delivery device could be designed as a counter-rotating pair of feed rollers, between which the web emerges and is free to be contacted and guided by the engagement elements or to be taken. If the carrier of the laying device is a fixed device with guideway and carriage circulation, the laying device could extend within the area between the feed device and the depositing point. It depends here on the constructive implementation of technical requirements and the space available.
  • the laying device could comprise two carriers, to which at least one engagement element, but preferably a plurality of engagement elements, is / are assigned.
  • the carriers could be spaced from each other in the direction of laying and / or in the transverse direction of movement of the contact portions of the engagement elements - ie transverse to the material web.
  • the laying device comprises two opposing carriers and that each carrier is associated with at least one engagement element.
  • the engagement elements each point in the direction of the opposite carrier, the material web is fed between the carriers.
  • the laying process could be accelerated if a plurality of engagement elements is used.
  • the number of engagement elements per carrier depends on the space available on the deposit or after Ablegelength and thus for the need for more or less frequent zig-zag bending of the web and the desired speed. In any case, with several engagement elements, the zig-zag shape of the material web is already prepared in the air before storage, thus increasing the speed.
  • the spacing of the two opposing supports could be in different directions. In an embodiment with rotating supports, a spacing in the laying direction and also with respect to the direction of movement of the contact sections of the engagement elements - over the material web width - is required. As a result, the opposite preparation of the material web can be accomplished.
  • the contact portions of the engagement elements of the one carrier operate from one side, the contact portions of the engagement elements of the other carrier operate from the other Page.
  • the laying direction usually perpendicular distance of the carrier in the direction of movement of the contact portions of the engagement elements could be adapted to the width of the material web. Both distances in laying direction and perpendicular to the laying direction could be adjusted as needed.
  • the carriers are spaced only in the direction of laying. In this case, the contact portions would engage only from one side in the material web.
  • fixed carrier with circumferential engagement elements that they can be offset in the direction of laying and spaced over the material web width.
  • the realization of the orbital movement of the engagement elements could be carried out according to a particularly preferred embodiment by the movement of the engagement elements on the carrier.
  • the engagement elements could rotate on a predetermined path by the carrier.
  • the carrier could have a guide rail on which at least one carriage is movably arranged.
  • the engagement element could be arranged.
  • the guide rail could be an endless guide rail with at least two curved sections.
  • the shape of the movement path and thus the course of the guide rail could be circular or elliptical or in the sense of a square, a rectangle, a triangle or any other kind of polygon, curved portions instead of the corners are provided.
  • the curved sections of the guide rail could have a radius greater than 150 mm. Straight sections could have dimensions as needed.
  • the carriages run along the given geometry.
  • the carriage could interact magnetically with a motor module of the carrier.
  • the carriage could contain, in addition to its co-operating with the guide rail rollers magnets that can generate propulsive forces together with the coils of a motor module of the carrier.
  • the carriage could absorb the attraction forces of the magnets of both sides and compensate them as far as possible. In this way, the roles of the Shiite least wear-resistant at high speed in the guide rail.
  • the rollers of the carriage could be equipped with a particularly low-wear plastic tread and biased. The bias of the rollers a game is prevented and causes low wear. The life of the rollers depends on the payload.
  • the carriage could include data transfer means for communicating the carriage position to the engine module.
  • the motor module could be integrated in the carrier on which the guide rail is mounted and contain electromagnetic coils. It could be a modular fully integrated linear motor with power electronics and path detection in one device.
  • the circulation of the carriages on the trajectory predetermined by the guide rail could be electronically controlled by a computer so that the engaging elements come in or out of contact with the web at the correct position.
  • the magnetically driven carriages which can be controlled individually and of which a very large number can be used, it is possible to dispense entirely with dancers arranged upstream of the guide device for material web supply. In this way, space for stockpiling is saved and the overall construction slimmed down.
  • a further possible embodiment could be directed to space two carriers with guide rails and separately controllable engagement elements only in the direction of lay and to intervene on one side only in the material web and to guide them in a zigzag manner (FIG. 10).
  • the carrier in the form of linear guides with magnetic drive in the form of elongated cuboid / rectangles with rounded end faces or be present as ellipses and be formed either panel-like or as a body with a larger depth dimension.
  • the carriers could enclose a downwardly opening angle therebetween, with the spacing of the lower end faces of the two carriers defining the laydown length of the material web.
  • the upper end faces could be very close to each other.
  • Another embodiment in terms of realizing the orbital movement of the engagement elements is directed to move the carrier itself, so that the engagement elements change their position together with the carrier.
  • the rotation of the carrier about an axis of rotation could play a major role.
  • the carrier could be opposite to the rotation axis rotatable and arranged in each case on a shaft.
  • the rotation in opposite directions could be in conformity with the opposite directions, the respective shaft could be driven by a motor.
  • Possible alternatives are also movements of the wearer with straight, curvy, elliptical course.
  • the exemplary embodiment directed to the movement of the engagement elements exclusively with the carrier represents a very simple variant of the device according to the invention.
  • a modification of this variant provides that the engagement element is driven separately and is arranged on a separate motor-driven shaft, which is assigned to the carrier.
  • the speed of movement of the engagement element can be adjusted individually.
  • the separate drive of the engagement elements or their individual control could also play a role in all other embodiments.
  • the contact region of the engagement element could be contacted with the web more or less quickly or be released from it.
  • a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned embodiment in terms of time saving provides for arranging a plurality of engagement elements on the respective carrier.
  • three engagement elements per carrier have proven to be advantageous to form the zig-zag deposit form of the web from the exit of the guide rollers to the deposit.
  • the engaging elements could either be exclusive rotate with the carrier or - preferably - additionally driven separately and thus also be controlled.
  • the carrier could be formed as a plate. To save material, the carrier could have a polygonal silhouette.
  • a particularly high flexibility and precision of the device according to the invention could be achieved in that the engagement element in addition to the positioning by rotation or guide rail circulation is also adjustable in terms of its position within the distance between laying device / carrier on the one hand and depositing.
  • the engagement element could be fixed to a variable-length support arm.
  • This support arm could carry the engagement element at one end and be fixed at the other end to the carrier or even to a circulating on the guideway slide.
  • On the support arm could be provided a linear guide on which slides a sleeve which carries at its end facing away from the support arm, the engagement element with the contact portion.
  • the length adjustment of the support arm could be carried out on a self-rotating support via racks, which cooperate with a gear that sits on the shaft that rotates the carrier.
  • racks which cooperate with a gear that sits on the shaft that rotates the carrier.
  • any desired storage of the material web can be accomplished.
  • Pyramid racks are possible or other shelves according to customer requirements and its storage facilities.
  • the smallest space on the pallet or in the receptacle of the deposit can be exploited by the precise storage.
  • the contact portion of the engagement element In order for the contact portion of the engagement element enters the contact position and the empty position, its movement is required. This can be realized, for example, by the movement of the contact section itself, for example, by telescopically extending it or moving from rest to operating position by motor displacement or rotation. Preferred is a translational movement of the contact portion, which could have a cylindrical shape and whose surface has an extremely low roughness. The movement of the contact portion, regardless of whether the carrier rotates itself or not, can be done as previously described. As an alternative to an electric drive, the movement of the contact section of the engagement element could also be realized pneumatically. Alternatively or additionally, however, the contact portion could also be moved by pivoting a non-self-rotating support in the contact position and idle position.
  • the pivoting / rotation of the carrier could take place about an axis of rotation which extends perpendicular to the laying direction, so that finally the one extending perpendicular to the laying direction movement of the contact section comes about.
  • the two carriers could, for example, each be in the form of a self-contained guide rail with curved and straight sections. Sleds with engagement elements could move on the guide rails. If the contact portions of the engagement elements to be moved, the respective endless guide rail can be moved in the sense of a grand piano. It does not matter whether the carriage is driven magnetically or by electric motor and how compact the carrier is formed including the guide rail. To generate the movement of the carrier, a servo motor could be provided.
  • the carrier could be movably mounted on a base frame via a mounting block and a shaft such that the engagement element is pivoted out of the region of the material web in the release position and pivoted into the region of the material web in the contact position.
  • a plurality of engagement elements are provided on the support which are in contact with the material web from the beginning of the exit of the material web from the feed device, a partial pivoting of the carrier relative to the engagement element of interest could be carried out in the first contact position and in the release position.
  • the movable engagement elements can compensate for the movement of the carrier so that even further contacts to the material web, which are spaced closer to the feed device, remain unimpaired.
  • the device could be equipped both with engagement elements whose contact areas are movable as well as pivotable carriers (not self-rotating).
  • the pivoting of the carrier can be referred to as a "butterfly" effect and is particularly advantageous when the lift table is iridescent - moved back and forth and a hold-down on the uppermost layer is to remain also a sliding movement of the carrier would be possible.
  • the at least one engagement element could contact the underside of the material web between the engaged position and the release position, while the at least one other, oppositely operating engagement member between engagement position and release position could contact the top of the web.
  • the engagement element which has the smallest distance to the top of the web, could contact the underside of the web and that the engagement element, the Having least distance from the bottom of the web, the top of the web could contact. This particularly preferred contacting of the material web causes a pulling movement takes place.
  • the laying device could be such that the engagement elements, which are actually adjacent to the top or just to the bottom of the web, must protrude behind or in front of the material web to get to the bottom or just to the top and there in the engaged position.
  • the above-mentioned polygon shape of a carrier pays off advantageously, since this shape of the carrier allows a very small distance to the feeder and the forces acting on the contact portion are not too large.
  • the counter-rotating engagement elements which arrive at a time offset with respect to the zig-zag-shaped tray in the engaged position, so must be arranged at least to reach the engagement position locally before or behind the feeder.
  • the contact position of the contact section allows taking along / guiding the material web. Next, the blank position of the contact section allows the final independent zigzag storage of the web.
  • a hold-down device could be provided on the engagement element.
  • the hold-down could be at the moment at the moment of filing the web on the top layer of the already deposited on the depositing web or on the deposit itself as the first position in the operating position be brought.
  • the hold-down device could be formed areally and reach each on the top or bottom of the web by turning or moving.
  • a pneumatically operated plunger possible.
  • Such a hold-down with plunger could have a sleeve from which the plunger can be moved out.
  • the plunger overall could also be adjusted in angle and / or moved back and forth.
  • the downholder problem gives reason to explain the pivotability of a non-self-rotating carrier with several carriages with engagement elements to produce the "butterfly” effect: the "butterfly” effect could have two basic functions. As already explained above, a function could be directed to realizing release and contact via the engagement elements coming into or out of contact with the material web at the relevant positions. In this case, the carrier is moved with its lower region away from the material web and with its upper region at the level of the feed rollers to the material web.
  • a second function of the "butterfly" effect could play a role in connection with the maintenance of a hold-down on the surface of the topmost deposited web at an iridescent pitch / a reciprocating lifting table or a reciprocating laying device. While the contact area of the engagement element in the release position out of contact with the material web, the hold-down should remain as long as possible on the surface of the uppermost deposited web.
  • the carrier could be moved down in the region of the buckling formation on the deposit in the direction of the material web, trailing the departing deposit quasi for a limited time, while the contact region of the engagement member is moved away from the web. This movement in the lower area has the consequence that the carrier is moved away from the material web in the upper region.
  • the "butterfly” effect could also refer to the hold-down itself. So while the carrier is not pivoted, constructive measures to move the Hold down. This has the advantage that no large masses need to be moved. In any case, the hold-down device should remain as long as possible on the uppermost layer of the deposited material web even when the movement of the depositing station or the laying device changes, and only when the next carriage moves to the next engaging element of the release position in contact with the material web at the end of the laying length approaches.
  • the “loop” basically refers to the zone of inversion from the “zig” to the “zag” of the web to be zig-zagged, whether or not it is in contact with the engagement element spoken, which is stored but not flattened, or has no kink.
  • the "kink” occurs after a hold-down has exerted pressure on the deposited loop.
  • the background of the kink formation is the desire for horizontal layers of the deposited web.If the loops remain, the deposit could not be used optimally and the layers would have in the area
  • the curvature of the fold is shaped, whether the bend has the shape of a curvature or is equivalent to a folding, depends on the material properties of the web and on the pressure and quality requirements ,
  • a hold-down device which may be associated with any type of device according to the invention, could be equipped in an innovative manner with rotating arms and gripping arms.
  • the hold-down device could be attached to the carrier and / or the machine frame.
  • the hold-down device could have two or more independently rotating arms, at the free ends of each a gripping jaw is arranged. Theoretically, the training of only one arm would be possible.
  • the gripping mouth could have an upper part and a lower part, which correspond to the forceps and allow the lateral exit of the engagement element.
  • the upper part and the lower part of the gripping jaw could be controlled in an advantageous manner and be variable in the pressurization and with respect to the degree of opening and closing depending on the material web nature.
  • the independent movement of the arms is advantageous in that the hold-down can always be adapted to the current speed and position situation of the material web feed.
  • the various functions of the blank holder can be performed at different speeds.
  • the independent movement of the arms could be realized by various motors and suitable power transmission means.
  • the hold-down process includes, in addition to the known pressure on the stored loop of the web to create the Knicks in a new and inventive way a whole movement.
  • the lowest reversal region of the material web on the carrier is predetermined by its construction and has the smallest distance to the depositing point located below the carrier.
  • the lowermost reversal area of the carrier is at the same time the location at which the engagement element reaches the release position and again engages the material web after an empty travel.
  • the arms of the hold-down could have suitable dimensions to perform the various functions, moreover, the deposit could be moved.
  • the sequence of movements in a hold-down with two arms is as follows: As soon as the engagement element approaches the lowest reversal area with the loop of the material web, the grasping mouth of the first arm of the hold-down opened for this purpose embraces the incoming material web together with the engagement element. Then close the upper and lower part of the gripping mouth of the first arm. The upper part contacts the upwardly facing upper side of the material web, the lower part contacts the deflected, downwardly facing upper side of the material web. Due to the forceps-like design of the laterally open gripping jaw, the engagement element and its contact area can be moved out of the loop transversely to the laying direction. The removal of the engagement element takes place during the rotation. The first arm rotates with the looped loop to the deposit.
  • the second arm is still in the area of the deposit, the lower part the gripping jaw rests on the previously deposited web and the deposited loop pressurized and forms a kink.
  • the gripping jaw of the second arm still holds the loop received from the device between the closed upper and lower part.
  • the second, still located in the field of depositing arm is withdrawn with closed jaw of the loop to be deposited and rotated opening the gripper jaw up to the lowest reversal of the web on the carrier.
  • the contact surfaces of the upper and lower part of the gripping jaw could be specially coated so as not to cause any damage to the material web.
  • the shape also plays a role.
  • the upper part could be bent upwards at the free end, so that there is no contact between the material web and the upper edge edge in order to protect the material web surface.
  • a plate-shaped configuration of at least one section is required, which contacts the deposited material web on the depositing point and forms the kink.
  • the above-described innovative hold-down device could be used, for example, in a device according to the invention which comprises two supports with the outer silhouette of elongated cuboids which are arranged opposite one another and are intended both in the direction of laying and in the direction of the material web width. are standing. In the front view, this device would look like a downwardly opening angle, with the opposing angle legs being spaced according to the web width and the bottom angle ends being spaced according to the layoff length.
  • the fixed supports could include guideways on which electrically or magnetically driven carriages revolve with engagement elements.
  • the engagement elements of the one carrier could point to the engagement elements of the other carrier.
  • Both carriers could be mounted in a machine frame a considerable distance from the ground on which the deposit is positioned. Such devices are able to realize very high deposition speeds, to which the innovative hold-down is adapted.
  • the innovative hold-down device could be located at the lower end of each carrier.
  • the present invention is particularly directed to flexible webs whose width is less than 120 mm, preferably 20 mm to 120 mm. This could be dressing material, trims for coverings.
  • the application of the invention is also possible with larger widths of the material web. For example, if the material web width is between 120 mm - 400 mm, the contact portions of the engagement elements could be increased. It is also conceivable, however, the use of two devices. The two devices would then be synchronized. In concrete terms, a device composed of two supports spaced apart only in the longitudinal direction (FIG. 10) could be doubled in a mirror image and compared with one another at the spacing of the material width. Thus, engagement elements can be retracted from both sides in the material web area and establish contact.
  • FIG. 1 schematic, perspective view, a schematic diagram for explaining the method according to the invention, in a schematic, sketchy, perspective view of the object of FIG. 1, supplemented with components of the device according to the invention according to a first embodiment, in a purely schematic representation, a detail of FIG , relating to one of the two carriers, in a schematic representation of a detail of the article of FIG. 2, concerning the release position of the web prior to initialization of the blank position of the contact portion with hold-down, the article of FIG. 4 in the release position after reaching the idle position, nor with hold-down, 5 in the release position after reaching the empty position, with retracted hold-down, in a schematic representation of a detail of the subject of Fig.
  • 9 is a schematic, sketch-like representation of a front view of a
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic, sketch-like representation of the object from FIG. 1, supplemented with components of the device according to the invention according to a third exemplary embodiment, FIG.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic, sketch-like representation, enlarged, a side view of a carrier from FIG. 10, FIG.
  • FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the subject matter of FIG. 1, supplemented with components of the detail of the device according to the invention shown in a fourth exemplary embodiment,
  • FIG. 13 in perspective view, enlarged, the hold-down of FIG. 12 as a single component from a different angle
  • Fig. 14 in perspective view, enlarged, the gripping jaw of the blank holder of FIG. 12 as a single component in the region of the depositing point from a different angle and
  • Fig. 15 in perspective view of the device according to the invention according to the fourth embodiment.
  • the figures show process and device features of the invention, which deals with the zigzag-laying a flexible material web 1 on a depository 2.
  • the feed rollers 3, 4 rotate in opposite directions, which is illustrated by unspecified arrows.
  • the engagement elements 5, 6 change their position during contact with the material web 1 between an engagement position E and one Release position F.
  • each engagement element 5, 6 has a contact section 7, 8 which is brought into engagement position E in a contact position K and in release position F into an idle position L-see FIGS. 2, 5, 6, 8.
  • the direction of movement C, D of the contact sections 7, 8 is orthogonal to the registration direction A, B. Together with the height H results in a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, which is shown in Fig. 1 in addition to the schematic diagram.
  • the engagement position E is in the region of the exit of the material web 1 from the feed rollers 3, 4, slightly below the same.
  • the contact between the contact portions 7, 8 of the engagement elements 5, 6 and the material web 1 is prepared by the contact portion 7 and 8 is moved in the direction of movement C and D, and finally reaches the contact position K and the material web
  • the release position F is in the first, second and third embodiment at the opposite ends of the depository 2.
  • the ends of the depository are in the first, second and third embodiment at the opposite ends of the depository 2.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 The removal of the contact section 8 from the deposited loop 39 of the material web 1 is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, in which the contact section 8 has already reached the empty position L.
  • the engagement elements 5, 6 are controlled so that when reaching the release position F by another working in the direction of release A engagement element 6 another, in the other laying direction B operating element 5 is brought into engagement position E.
  • three engagement elements 5 and 6 are provided in each case. While one of the three engagement elements 5 or 6 is in the release position F or engagement position E and in each case another in contact position K between engagement and release position E, F, the third engagement element 5 or 6 is in the empty position L.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 it is shown that a set of three engagement elements 5 and a set of three engagement elements 6 rotate in opposite directions about an axis of rotation R of the carrier 9, 10, respectively.
  • 3 shows a view of the three engagement elements 5 on the carrier 9 in a rear view in a viewing direction that corresponds to the direction of movement D.
  • the engagement elements 5 can be changed in their length dimension in order to realize the desired Ablegeher AL of the depository 2 and also fractions of the laying length AL before reaching the depository 2.
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 show that the contact position K or the idle position L of the exemplarily selected contact section 8 of the engagement element 6 is achieved by moving the contact section 8 itself on the engagement element 6. This also applies to the contact section 7.
  • the depositing tray 2 may be height-changed and adjusted depending on the stacking height SH in view of the distance to other components of the apparatus.
  • the carriers 9, 10 and the feed device with the feed rollers 3, 4 can be moved in the directions of movement C, D.
  • the laying device comprises two opposite carriers 9, 10 which are in the form of polygonal plates.
  • the carrier 9 has the three engagement elements 5 and the carrier 10 is assigned three engagement elements 6.
  • the two carriers 9, 10 are arranged slightly below the height level of the feed rollers 3, 4, in the region of the exit of the material web 1 and are rotatable about the rotation axis R in opposite directions. The rotation is made possible by an unspecified shaft of the respective carrier 9, 10. At this point will be on it pointed out that the shaft is mounted in a machine frame, not shown here.
  • the figures represent principal features of the invention, not all construction details.
  • each of the three engagement elements 5, 6 rotate in the present embodiment exclusively with the respective carrier 9, 10.
  • Each of the three engagement elements 5, 6 is separately adjustable in its position of the distance between the carrier 9, 10 and depositing 2.
  • each engagement element 5, 6 comprises a variable-length support arm 11, 12 which realizes the position change via a rack 13 and a seated on the central shaft of the support 9, 10 sprocket 14.
  • an electric motor together with control, by means of which the positioning of the engagement element 5, 6 via the support arm 11, 12 is motorized.
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 relate to the movement of the contact section 8 of the engagement element 6 from the contact position K shown in FIG. 4 into the idle position L shown in FIGS. 5, 6 along the direction of movement C.
  • the contact section 8 is cylindrical Component before, which is displaceable in a sleeve 15.
  • the sleeve 15 is arranged on the angled end of the support arm 12.
  • an electric motor not shown here, is provided.
  • the contact portion 8 is translationally moved from the web 1 into the sleeve 15 and partially therethrough.
  • This explanation extends firstly to obtaining the contact position K in the event that the contact portion 8 of the engagement member 6 is moved in the direction D and secondly analog - only with a changed direction of movement - for the contact portion 7 of the engagement elements. 5
  • the device is constructed such that the contact sections 7 of the engagement elements 5 between engagement position E and release position F contact the upper side 16 of the material web 1.
  • the contact sections 8 of the engagement elements 6 contact the lower side 17 of the material web 1 between the engagement position E and the release position F.
  • the term selection " The upper and lower sides 16, 17” are determined by which side of the first layer of the deposited material web 1 points upwards on the depositing station 2 and has nothing to do here with the quality of the material web 1. Theoretically, however, this can be done depending on the surface condition of the upper and lower sides 16, 17 and the contact portions 7, 8 are adjusted in terms of material.
  • the first embodiment provides that between the engagement position E and release position F, the engagement element 6, which has the smallest distance to the top 16 of the web 1, contacted the bottom 17 of the web 1 and that the engagement member 5, the shortest distance to the bottom 17 of Material web 1, the upper side 16 of the web 1 contacted.
  • the carrier 9 with the engagement elements 5 is adjacent to the bottom 17 of the material web 1.
  • the corresponding engagement element 5 in the direction A before the web 1 are spent.
  • the carrier 10 with the engagement elements 6 is adjacent to the top 16 of the web 1.
  • the corresponding engagement member 6 In order to get into the engagement position E and there move out the contact portion 8 in the direction C, the corresponding engagement member 6 must be spent in the direction of B behind the material web 1.
  • Carrier 9 is parallel to the direction of movement D in front of the material web 1 and carrier 9 is arranged parallel to the direction of movement C behind the material web 1.
  • the distance between the carriers 9, 10 in the direction of movement C, D is predetermined by the width dimension of the material web 1.
  • FIGS. 4 to 7 show that a hold-down device 18 is provided on the engagement element 6, which in this embodiment can be brought into operating position when the release position F is reached, at the moment of depositing the material web 1.
  • the hold-down 18 has a groove 19 which slides on a nose 20 of the sleeve 15 of the engagement element 6. This is a linear guide.
  • the rest position is shown, in which the hold-down 18 is outside the release position F.
  • the operating position shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 of the hold-down 18 covers the top 16 of the web 1.
  • the contact portion 8 is finally in the direction of movement C, through the sleeve 15th through, postponed.
  • captive and locking means are provided, which are not shown here in detail.
  • the hold-down 18 is also provided with the engagement elements 5 and acts accordingly on the bottom 17 of the deposited material web 1 a.
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 leave open whether the material web 1 is the first layer on the depositing station 2 or the previously deposited uppermost layer of an already deposited material web section.
  • the hold-down 18 is used in each of the two cases mentioned above.
  • the laying device comprises two fixed opposite carriers 9, 10 in the form of triangular flat bodies, wherein the corner regions of the triangular shape are rounded off in an arc.
  • Each carrier 9, 10 are each associated with three engagement elements 5, 6, which are mounted on carriage 22.
  • the carriages 22 are arranged so as to be movable on a respective guide rail 21 in the direction of circulation U.
  • the direction of rotation U of the carriages 22 of the carrier 9 is opposite to the direction of rotation U of the carriages 22 of the carrier 10.
  • the guide rail 21 is an endless guide rail - here with three arcuate sections 23 - and is arranged on the outer edge of the carrier 9, 10.
  • one engagement element 5, 6 of each support 9, 10 is located in contact position K or in contact with the material web 1.
  • the contact position K in the carrier 9 is shown in dashed lines.
  • the three engagement elements 5 operate in the direction A and the three engagement elements 6 operate in the direction of laying B.
  • the next contact position will then reach the engagement element 5, 6 which is closest to the feed roller 3.
  • the carriages 22 interact magnetically with a motor module 24 integrated in the carrier 9, 10.
  • the motor module 24 comprises a mounting region 25 for the guide rail 21, an adjoining motor coil region 26, a contact region 27 for the power supply and control signals, and a termination region 28.
  • the termination region ends 28 at the opening 29, 30 of the carrier 9, 10.
  • the openings 29, 30 serve only the Weight reduction, since the carrier 9, 10 must be held by means of suitable, not shown here holding means.
  • Figures 8, 9 represent principal features of the invention, not all construction details.
  • the carriage 22 has four rollers 31 mounted on its inside, which roll on the inclined surfaces of a double-T-shaped guide rail 21.
  • the carriage 22 engages over the guide rail in the sense of a U-profile.
  • plate-shaped magnets 32 are arranged, which cooperate with the motor coil portion 26 of the motor module 24.
  • a signal generator 33 interacts with the contact region 27 of the motor module 24.
  • Each slide can be controlled individually.
  • the sleeve 15 is arranged, within which the engagement element 6 can be brought back and forth with its contact region 8. In the second embodiment is omitted on the hold-down.
  • the carriers 9, 10 can be pivoted according to the second embodiment.
  • Fig. 8 it is shown that the carriers 9 and 10 are spaced perpendicular to the laying direction A, B and engage from opposite positions in the material web 1.
  • Fig. 8 is a snapshot of a situation in which just no release of the web 1 by retraction of the contact portion 7, 8 takes place.
  • the carriers 9, 10 are straight but, if necessary, can be deflected laterally in the pivoting direction S1, S2 in order to produce a so-called "butterflies" effect at the lower end, in the region of the release position F (see FIG 10 would be in the direction S2, carrier 9 would be pivoted in the direction S1.
  • the third embodiment shows a device according to the invention with two non-self-rotating supports 9, 10, which are spaced only in the direction A, B.
  • the illustration in Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram.
  • the engagement position E can only be achieved if the engagement element 5, 6 is arranged slightly closer in the region of the exit point of the material web 1 from the feed rollers 3, 4.
  • a multiplicity of engagement elements 5, 6 are provided with the contact sections 7, 8 as in the other exemplary embodiments, which, however, are provided by the same Ben side in the web 1 engage and take them alternately.
  • the laying length AL is determined by the distance of the carrier 9, 10 in the region of the depositing point 2. Also in the third embodiment can be seen: The depositing is already above the ' depositing 2. This preparation folding directly after the exit of the web 1 from the feed rollers 3, 4 leads for speed increase.
  • the two carriers 9, 10 according to the third embodiment have almost the same structure as that according to the second embodiment, including guide rails 21, carriages 22 and so on. The mobility of the contact region 7, 8 of the engagement element 6, 7 of the contact position K in the empty position L must be ensured without the carrier 9, 10 is damaged.
  • the device according to the third embodiment a structurally identical, but mirrored device transverse to the direction A, B assigned. Then exactly opposite engagement elements 5 and 6 would engage in synchronized manner on both longitudinal sides of the very wide material web 1 fed between the devices.
  • FIG. 11 shows an enlarged and simplified side view of the carrier 10 from FIG. 10, in which only one engagement element 6 is taken into account.
  • the carrier 10 and of course the other, not shown here carrier 9 - connected to a fastening member 34.
  • the fastening component 34 is in turn firmly connected to a shaft 35 which is rotatably mounted in a holder 36 by means of ball bearings 37.
  • the holder 36 is firmly fixed to a base frame, not shown here.
  • the shaft 35 is rotated by means of a servomotor and power transmission means, likewise not shown here, in the form of a gear or a toothed belt.
  • the pivoting movement in direction S1, S2 takes place controls.
  • FIGS. 12 to 15 A fourth exemplary embodiment, which focuses primarily on the development of the device according to the invention with regard to the hold-down 40, 41, is shown in FIGS. 12 to 15.
  • FIG. 15 gives an overview of the construction of the device according to the fourth exemplary embodiment, which comprises two fixed supports 9, 10 with mutually facing, respectively, seven engagement elements 5, 6.
  • the carriers 9, 10 are spaced from one another both in the laying direction A, B and in the direction of movement C, D or in the direction of the width of the material web 1.
  • a hold-down 40, 41 is arranged in each case.
  • the carriers 9, 10 are fixed in a machine frame 42.
  • the fixed support 10 of the overall device which is only partially shown in FIG. 12, comprises guide rails 21 on which electrically driven carriages 22 rotate with the engagement elements 6, which contact the underside 17 of the material web 1.
  • the drives for the engagement elements 6 are designated 59.
  • a pull and push rod is designated, via which the engagement element 6 is moved out in the release position F from the loop 39 of the web 1.
  • the release position F is not at the end of the depositing point 2, but at the height of the lowermost deflection region on the carrier 10th
  • the innovative hold-down 40 is shown as a separate component.
  • the hold-down 40 has two rotating arms 44, 45, at the free ends of each gripping jaw 46, 47 is arranged.
  • the gripper jaw 46, 47 has an upper part 48 and a lower part 49, which correspond to the forceps.
  • the upper part 48 is pivoted about a pivot axis S3 of a hinge component 50.
  • the hinge member 50 includes here unspecified / shown pneumatic and electronic precautions that allow the mechanical opening and closing of the gripping jaw 46, 47 and a pressure setting.
  • the lower part 49 of the gripping jaw 46, 47 is attached to a mounting plate 51 of the hinge construction some 50 fixed immovable.
  • the hinge member 50 is fixed to the arm 44, 45, respectively.
  • the arms 44, 45 are driven separately and rotate independently of each other in the direction of rotation N.
  • the arm 45 is seated on a drive shaft 52.
  • the arm 44 is seated on a non-visible here other drive shaft, which is anchored to the drive shaft 42, but separated via bearings thereof is.
  • the drive of the invisible drive shaft and the drive shaft 47 is realized by two different motors 53, 54 and two different, each designated 55 power transmission means.
  • the power transmission means 55 include unspecified individual components, such as gears, timing belts, shafts.
  • the motors 53 and 54 On the side facing away from the carrier 10 side of the support plate 57 are the motors 53 and 54, the stabilizing plate 56 and power transmission means 55, which are related to the motor 53.
  • the motor 53 is fixed to the stabilizing plate 56 and operatively connected to the drive shaft 52 which drives the arm 45 via the power transmission means 55 disposed between the stabilizing plate 56 and the support plate 57.
  • the motor 54 is flanged directly to the support plate 57, its drive shaft not visible here passes through the support plate 57 and is operatively connected to the power transmission means 55 which are located on the carrier 10 side facing the support plate 57. These are operatively connected to the invisible other drive shaft, which is anchored to the drive shaft 52 and drives the arm 44.
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 show different snapshots.
  • the open gripping jaw 46 is in the lowermost reversal region of the material web 1 with respect to the carrier 10 and is about to encompass the incoming loop 39 of the material web 1 with the engagement member 6. Thereafter, the gripping jaw 46 is closed, which is illustrated in Fig. 13 - there without material web 1 - and rotated down in the direction of rotation N.
  • the gripping jaw 46 takes over the function of the engagement element 6 and guides the material web 1 to the depositing station 2, which is located below the carriers 9, 10.
  • the "closed" gripper jaw 46 is not completely closed, but there is a small distance between the upper part 48 and the lower part 49 of the gripping jaw 46 in order not to hinder the ability to move the continuously transported material web 1.
  • Fig. 13 shows that the front edge of the upper part 48 of the gripping jaw 46, 47 so that the marginal edge does not damage the upper side 16 of the material web 1.
  • FIG. 13 further shows that the lower part 49 of the gripping jaw 46, 47 has a plate-shaped section 58.
  • FIG. 14 shows the lower upper layer of an already laid-down section of the material web 1.
  • a section of the material web 1 newly fed from the blank holder 40 or its gripping jaw 47 is deposited.
  • the gripping mouth 47 remains closed until the material web 1 has reached the complete laying length AL. Meanwhile takes place on the plate-shaped portion 58 of the lower part 49 of the gripping jaw 47 on the already deposited web 1, just in the area of the already deposited loop holding down instead, with a kink 38 is formed.
  • the gripper mouth 42 moves by the rotational movement in the direction N and thereby pulls the newly deposited material web 1 smoothly in the desired storage position.
  • the gripping jaw 47 opens-as shown in FIG. 13-and rotates upward in the direction of rotation N, into the lowermost reversal area of the carrier 10 and is prepared for receiving the hera henden material web 1 together with the engagement element 6 to then take the space shown in Fig. 12 of the gripper mouth 46. While the gripping jaw 47 rotates open upwards, the gripping jaw 46 rotates closed downwards and holds the material web first
  • the above description of half a revolution is repeated frequently and at high speeds, so that the hold-down 40 is almost similar to a propeller.
  • the innovative hold-down 40 according to the fourth embodiment goes beyond the function of a conventional hold down.
  • All embodiments of the carrier 10 shown in FIGS. 12 to 14 with the hold-down 40 of the device according to the fourth embodiment also apply to the second carrier 9 and the second hold-down 41, in which case the laying direction B is used.
  • the teaching of the invention is not limited to the embodiment discussed above. Rather, the most varied configurations of the contact sections, engagement elements, hold-downs and movements as well as storage patterns and control concepts are possible.
  • the guide rails can be designed with the carriage so that you do not overlap the carrier, but only mounted on one side.

Landscapes

  • Folding Of Thin Sheet-Like Materials, Special Discharging Devices, And Others (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif pour déposer une bande de matériau flexible. La bande de matériau (1) est amenée au moyen d'un dispositif d'amenée et est déposée en forme de zigzag au moyen d'un dispositif de pose à un endroit de dépôt (2). Au moins deux éléments d'engagement (5, 6) du dispositif de pose déplaçables dans au moins des directions de pose (A, B) opposées entrent en contact avec la bande de matériau (1) après sa sortie du dispositif d'amenée et la guide jusqu'à l'endroit de dépôt (2). Les éléments d'engagement (5, 6) changent de position pendant le contact avec la bande de matériau (1) entre une position d'engagement (E) et une position de libération (F). La qualité de la bande de matériau déposée reste largement non influencée par le fait que chaque élément d'engagement (5, 6) présente une partie de contact (7, 8) qui, en position d'engagement (E), peut être amenée dans une position de contact (K) et, en position de libération (F), peut être amenée dans une position à vide (L), la direction de mouvement (C, D) de la partie de contact (7, 8) étant orientée à un angle par rapport à la direction de pose (A, B).
EP13802534.1A 2012-11-22 2013-11-20 Procédé et dispositif pour déposer une bande de matériau flexible Not-in-force EP2922777B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012022751.5A DE102012022751B4 (de) 2012-11-22 2012-11-22 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ablegen einer flexiblen Materialbahn
PCT/EP2013/003494 WO2014079562A1 (fr) 2012-11-22 2013-11-20 Procédé et dispositif pour déposer une bande de matériau flexible

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2922777A1 true EP2922777A1 (fr) 2015-09-30
EP2922777B1 EP2922777B1 (fr) 2017-03-01

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ID=49753117

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13802534.1A Not-in-force EP2922777B1 (fr) 2012-11-22 2013-11-20 Procédé et dispositif pour déposer une bande de matériau flexible

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US10106362B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2922777B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2891957A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102012022751B4 (fr)
DK (1) DK2922777T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014079562A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202014007969U1 (de) 2014-10-08 2015-01-16 CU4innovation GmbH Vorrichtung zum Befestigen eines Objekts an einem Zahnriemen
DE102014014649A1 (de) 2014-10-08 2016-04-28 CU4innovation GmbH Vorrichtung zum Befestigen eines Objekts an einem Zahnriemen
DE102015108651A1 (de) 2015-06-01 2016-12-01 Technische Universität Berlin Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum z-Falten eines Bahnmaterials
CN110092237B (zh) * 2019-04-25 2024-05-03 泉州市信昌精密机械有限公司 一种新型折叠机
CN116280540A (zh) * 2023-02-18 2023-06-23 稳健医疗用品股份有限公司 一种折叠装置

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2016539A (en) * 1931-08-01 1935-10-08 Carl W Brenn Folding machine
US3858476A (en) * 1971-08-31 1975-01-07 Westvaco Corp Accordion, folding and cutting apparatus
DE2227994A1 (de) 1972-06-08 1974-01-03 Christie Manufacturing Co Vorrichtung zum verpacken bandaehnlicher erzeugnisse
JPS5220125A (en) * 1975-08-01 1977-02-15 Fujitsu Ltd Paper sheet folding device
JPS58144053A (ja) 1982-02-22 1983-08-27 Jiro Sasaoka 薄板の折重ね装置
US5087140A (en) 1989-12-14 1992-02-11 Keeton J Herbert Festooning machine for cloth strips
BE1006144A3 (nl) * 1992-08-19 1994-05-24 Atep Systems Nv Inrichting voor het opvangen van kettingformulieren.
SE508481C2 (sv) * 1997-03-27 1998-10-12 Andersson Goesta Konsult Ab Förfarande och anordning för uppsamling av ett remsformigt material
DE10203115A1 (de) 2002-01-25 2003-07-31 Schumacher Thomas Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Falten flexibler Materialien
DE102005013161A1 (de) * 2005-03-19 2006-09-28 Saurer Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ablegen einer flexiblen Materialbahn

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102012022751A1 (de) 2014-05-22
WO2014079562A1 (fr) 2014-05-30
CA2891957A1 (fr) 2014-05-30
DE102012022751B4 (de) 2014-09-11
US20150344259A1 (en) 2015-12-03
US10106362B2 (en) 2018-10-23
EP2922777B1 (fr) 2017-03-01
DK2922777T3 (en) 2017-06-19

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