EP2916977B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines druckgussteils - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines druckgussteils Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2916977B1
EP2916977B1 EP13782722.6A EP13782722A EP2916977B1 EP 2916977 B1 EP2916977 B1 EP 2916977B1 EP 13782722 A EP13782722 A EP 13782722A EP 2916977 B1 EP2916977 B1 EP 2916977B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
moisture sensor
measurement
sensor
suction
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP13782722.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2916977A1 (de
Inventor
Michael DECHENE
Guenther Kahl
Josef Maier
Sascha Müller
Manfred Tremmel
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Publication of EP2916977A1 publication Critical patent/EP2916977A1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/32—Controlling equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/14—Machines with evacuated die cavity
    • B22D17/145—Venting means therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
    • B22D2/006—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass for the temperature of the molten metal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for producing a die-cast part.
  • Die casting of components is well known in the art.
  • a permanent mold usually consisting of two parts, is closed, a melted material is introduced into the mold under high pressure and at relatively high speed and allowed to solidify under pressure.
  • the mold is then opened, the workpiece removed, the mold cleaned if necessary, and a new casting cycle (shot) can begin.
  • the cycle often begins with the application of a release agent or lubricant, which is also intended to prevent the material from sticking to the metal of the mold.
  • a release agent or lubricant which is also intended to prevent the material from sticking to the metal of the mold.
  • residual moisture can remain in the mold. Residual moisture in die casting molds can also get into the mold cavity during casting, e.g.
  • the cycle time is limited by the time required for the measurement. With a measuring time of 10 seconds, a maximum of 360 rounds per hour, with a measuring time of 30 seconds a maximum of 120 rounds per hour. Technically achievable, shorter cycle times of up to 1000 / hour (http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Druckguss) cannot be used.
  • the equipment and control costs for realizing the reference room are high, and after the reference room has been created, no further evacuation is possible.
  • a device for evacuating a die casting mold and for measuring residual moisture in the evacuated air in a lockable measuring chamber.
  • the device has a bypass, by means of which it is possible to evacuate the die casting mold while measuring the residual moisture.
  • the device has the disadvantage that no current values of the moisture in the die casting mold can be determined, but only the residual moisture in the measuring chamber can be determined. An adjustment of process parameters on the basis of these out-of-date measurement results is therefore very unreliable and problematic.
  • the EP 1 252 949 A1 relates to a casting process in which a cavity of a casting mold is first evacuated by means of a vacuum device via a pressure line and then filled with dried air.
  • the JP 2005 111478 A shows an injection molding device with a humidity sensor arranged in a pressure line.
  • the cavity is in fluid communication with the humidity sensor via a ventilation labyrinth, a ventilation slot and a suction line connected. This has the disadvantage that an exact determination of the moisture within the cavity is not possible.
  • the invention is based on the object of avoiding the disadvantages of the prior art and of providing an improved method and a corresponding device for producing a die-cast part.
  • a method for producing a die-cast part with the aid of a die-casting mold is proposed, air contained in the die-casting mold being sucked out, with a moisture contained in the sucked-out air being measured.
  • the moisture is measured during suction.
  • suction (and measurement) is preferably carried out before the casting material is injected. However, it can be desirable that suction and pouring overlap at least partially. In this case, it is advantageous if the suction line is not shut off to form a reference space, because this is the only way that suction and pouring can overlap.
  • the suction line is free during the injection of casting material, so that any air still contained in the die casting mold can be pressed out of the die casting mold through the suction line. This is only possible if the suction line is not blocked.
  • the measured humidity is preferably a relative humidity, but can also be an absolute humidity. The measurement is preferably carried out using a suitable probe. It is understood that air is just one example of any gas that is contained in the die casting mold and can absorb moisture.
  • the method can be developed in such a way that a temperature and / or a pressure of the sucked air are also measured. Dew point, absolute humidity, enthalpy and vapor pressure can be inferred from humidity and temperature. A pressure measurement also enables better control of the vacuum.
  • the method can be developed in such a way that process parameters of the method are controlled and / or regulated on the basis of the measured properties of the extracted air.
  • a process parameter within the meaning of the invention can be understood to mean any parameter that affects the casting process, the curing process, and the mold control including a temperature control of the same, the cleaning of the mold, a release agent application and subsequent blowing or the evacuation process itself are understood.
  • the method can be developed in such a way that the measurement takes place directly on the die casting mold. This also enables direct access to environmental parameters within the mold, and a time delay between air exit from the mold and measurement can be minimized.
  • the method can be developed in such a way that a defined measuring time is established for the measurement, the measuring time being less than 10 seconds, preferably about one second or less.
  • a numerical evaluation can be used to ensure a back calculation for current properties even with conditions that are not completely stationary, for example by interpolating or extrapolating variable parameters.
  • a quasi-continuous measurement or a measurement can take place quasi in real time.
  • a response time of the sensor is preferably shorter than the selected measurement time. But even if the response time of the sensor is longer than the selected measurement time, a meaningful result can be obtained even with an incomplete measurement recording if the measurement time is known and the settling behavior of the sensor or the response delay is computationally compensated or simulated.
  • the method can be developed in such a way that the measurement takes place continuously.
  • the transient response of the Sensor or the response delay is computationally balanced or simulated. A measurement in real time and a good control of the measured values are possible.
  • the method can be further developed in such a way that a sensor for detecting the measured property (s) is cleaned between two measurement times, preferably at least once within a casting cycle, the sensor preferably being sprayed with a cleaning agent and particularly preferably after is blown off after spraying with compressed air.
  • a cleaning agent can be understood as water alone or in solution with a chemical, whereby the term chemical can include synthetic as well as biological or naturally occurring chemicals.
  • the method can be developed in such a way that suction takes place by connecting it to a vacuum source.
  • a vacuum reservoir, a vacuum pump or the like can serve as the vacuum source. It is about well-known, manageable and easily controllable device technology. When using a vacuum accumulator as a largely passive source, the method is rather fail-safe at this point with regard to a sudden pump failure.
  • a device for producing a die-cast part having a die-casting mold, a suction device for sucking off air in the die-casting mold, at least one sensor for detecting moisture in the suctioned-off air, and a control device for controlling the device .
  • the device is set up and designed to carry out the method described above. The device achieves essentially the same advantages and effects as the method according to the invention.
  • the device can be developed in such a way that the sensor has a response time of less than 1 second. As a result, a measurement can be completed within 1 second and a quasi-continuous measurement with high measurement density and accuracy is made possible.
  • the device is developed in such a way that the sensor is designed to detect a relative humidity.
  • the device can be developed in such a way that the sensor is designed to detect a temperature in addition to or as a replacement for the humidity sensor.
  • a combined sensor can also simplify the setup, calibration, adjustment and processing of measured values.
  • the device is developed in such a way that the sensor is arranged in a suction line, directly at the connection to the die casting mold.
  • a sensor location that is as close to the shape as possible enables direct access to environmental parameters within the shape to be achieved, with the advantages and effects already described.
  • the device can be developed in such a way that a protective cap is provided on the sensor, the protective cap preferably being flow-optimized.
  • a protective cap can reduce flow effects (dynamic pressure, etc.) on the measurement.
  • turbulence in the suction flow in the suction line which can be caused by the sensor, can be reduced by optimizing the flow.
  • the device can be developed in such a way that the sensor is installed in a housing with a sight glass, so that an effective visual contamination check is also possible.
  • the housing preferably forms part of a flow path for the extracted air, in that it is installed, for example, directly between a suction connection on the die casting mold and a suction line.
  • the device can be developed in such a way that a first suction line and a second suction line are provided, with the sensor preferably only being provided in one of the first and second suction lines.
  • the evacuation can be carried out faster and fail-safe. If the suction line with sensor also has a lower suction power, the flow velocities that occur are lower and the flow and measurement conditions tend to be stationary. This can also lead to a better response behavior of the sensor or to better numerics in the evaluation of the measurement data.
  • the suction line with the sensor can be optimized for a reliable measurement, while the suction line without the sensor can be optimized for the evacuation process itself, such as the fastest possible evacuation.
  • Fig. 1 is a die-casting system with helpful elements for understanding the invention is shown schematically. Certain elements that are necessary or useful for the operation of a die casting system have been omitted for the sake of simplicity of the illustration.
  • the die casting system described here is a device within the meaning of the invention.
  • a die-casting system comprises a die-casting mold 1, a shot part 2 with a piston 3, a vacuum distributor 4 and a vacuum source 5.
  • the die casting mold 1 can have further parts such as removable and closable molded parts (movable side), connections, measuring devices, cleaning devices, application of separating agents, blowers, etc.
  • the piston 3 of the firing part 2 can also be understood as part of the movable side of the die casting mold 1 or can be integrated therein.
  • the shot part 2 can also be designed as the sole embodiment of the movable side of the die casting mold 1.
  • a liquid metal can be shot into the mold, which remains in the mold until it solidifies under pressure in order to form a workpiece.
  • the workpiece is removed from the mold after it has solidified and the mold is then cleaned, wetted with a release agent and, if necessary, blown out with compressed air. After the mold is then closed, it is evacuated to reduce the residual moisture, and the next shot is made to manufacture the next workpiece.
  • a vacuum distributor 4 which in turn is connected on the primary side to a vacuum source 5.
  • the evacuation system has a secondary structure, symbolized in the figure with I, II.
  • the vacuum distributor 4 is connected on the primary side to the vacuum source 5 via a vacuum line 6.
  • a valve 7 for controlling a connection state is arranged in the vacuum line 6.
  • a separator 8 is arranged in the vacuum line 6 in order to remove moisture from the sucked in air remove.
  • a vacuum line 9, in which a valve 10 and a separator 11 are arranged, for connecting the vacuum distributor 4 to the vacuum source 5 is provided in line II.
  • the vacuum source 5 can, for example, be a vacuum container (not shown in more detail) which is evacuated to the ambient air via a vacuum pump (not shown in more detail) in order to maintain a predetermined negative pressure.
  • a vacuum pump (not shown in detail) can be provided for each line I, II.
  • the valves 7, 10 and the vacuum source 5 are connected to a system control (not shown in detail) for controlling the connection state of the vacuum lines 6, 9 and the negative pressure provided by the vacuum source 5.
  • the vacuum manifold 4 in line I is connected via a vacuum line 12 to a vacuum block 13, which in turn is attached to the die-casting mold 1. Furthermore, two signal lines, namely a control line 14 and a measuring line 15, which are also connected to the vacuum block 13, extend from the vacuum distributor 4.
  • line II is constructed on the secondary side by a vacuum line 16, a vacuum block 17, a control line 18 and a measuring line 19.
  • Two cable holders 20, 21 are provided to collect and support the lines 12, 14-16, 18 and 19.
  • the cable holders 20, 21 can also be configured as connection fields into which the lines 12, 14-16, 18 and 19 open on the distributor side and the mold side, so that when the die-casting arrangement 1, 2 or the primary-side vacuum arrangement 4-10 are displaced or when exchanged
  • the mold-side or distributor-side connections do not have to be loosened from the mold 1 to another and thus mechanical loads, sealing problems or signs of bleeding of the connections on the mold 1 and / or the vacuum distributor 4 can be avoided.
  • a moisture sensor 22 is provided in the secondary-side vacuum line 16 of line II.
  • the humidity sensor 22 is set up to measure a relative humidity in the air drawn off via the vacuum line 16.
  • the sensor can also be set up to measure a temperature of the air sucked off via the vacuum line 16.
  • the absolute humidity can also be calculated using the parameters relative humidity RH and temperature T.
  • a pressure gauge 23, 24 for measuring the respective pressure is arranged in each of the measuring lines 15, 19.
  • a displacement encoder 25 supplies a feed path s of the piston 3 and two pressure gauges 26, 27 supply a pressure in an annular space 3a and a metal space 3b of the piston 3.
  • the humidity sensor 22, the pressure gauges 23, 24, 26, 27 and the displacement transducer 25 are connected to an interface 28 via signal lines, which are not designated in detail, which in turn is coupled to a monitor 29 for monitoring the operating parameters.
  • the distributor 4 and the interface 28 are connected to the system control, not shown in detail. This controls or regulates operating parameters such as piston pressure, metal temperature, vacuum pressure and the like. s. w.
  • the interface 28 and / or the monitor 29 can have input elements (not shown in more detail) such as switches, keyboard, pointers, etc., in order to give an operator the opportunity to enter or manipulate default values.
  • the system control can also be configured to automatically interrupt the process from a certain limit value.
  • the limit value can, for example, be defined in advance in such a way that it specifies a threshold beyond which residual moisture in the mold is so high that an unacceptable degree of loss of quality due to the formation of voids or porosity in the casting is to be expected.
  • a humidity / temperature sensor commercially available under the name CON-HYTELOG-USB® has proven to be suitable as the humidity sensor 22.
  • This probe has a precision NTC for temperature detection and a long-term stable, capacitive polymer sensor for measuring the relative humidity and is manufactured in various configurations.
  • the sensor In a first configuration, the sensor has a measuring range for the relative humidity of 10 to 95% with a typical accuracy of ⁇ 3% and a measuring range of -20 to + 60 ° C for the temperature.
  • the measuring range for relative humidity reaches 0 to 100% with a typical accuracy of ⁇ 2%, and the measuring range for temperature is -40 to + 80 ° C.
  • the resolution for the relative humidity is typically 0.01% and for the temperature the resolution is 0.01 K and the accuracy is ⁇ 0.5K between 0 and + 40 ° C.
  • the sensor has a USB plug for direct connection to a PC, the power supply also being provided via the USB connection.
  • a COM port emulation is provided for communication with the sensor. Further details on the properties and the control of the sensor can be obtained, for example, from http://www. etc.info.conrad.com/breblaetter/175000-199999/183018-da-01-de-FEUCHTE TEMP MESSFUEHLER EDELSTAHL USB.pdf ( retrieved on 08.10 .2012) available product data sheet.
  • the response behavior has proven to be particularly advantageous in this humidity sensor, which has a response time of less than 1 second.
  • a response time is understood as the time that elapses until the sensor shows a preferably stable output change that can be used for the purposes of control or regulation in the context of the evacuation of a die casting system according to the present invention when the ambient parameters change.
  • first vacuum line I can be designed for a maximum suction power in order to evacuate the mold 1 as quickly as possible to be able to.
  • second vacuum line II can be designed for a measurement that is as clear and responsive as possible.
  • FIG. 14 shows, in a schematic partial sectional illustration, an arrangement of a temperature sensor 22 with a sensor housing in a modification of the exemplary embodiment from FIG Fig. 1 .
  • a sensor housing 30 is provided which is attached directly to the vacuum block 17 of the second vacuum line II (cf. Fig. 1 ) of the die 1 (cf. Fig. 1 ) is set. More precisely, an end face 30a of the sensor housing 30 is connected via a short line piece 16a of the secondary-side vacuum line 16 of the second vacuum line II (cf. Fig. 1 ) connected to a vacuum connection (not shown in detail) of the vacuum block 17.
  • a line piece 16b is connected to an opposite end face 30b, which leads to the cable holder 21 on the mold side (cf. Fig. 1 ) and part of the secondary vacuum line 16 of the second vacuum line II (cf. Fig. 1 ) forms.
  • a screw-in piece 31 is provided in a side wall 30c, through which the humidity sensor 22 can be inserted into an interior of the sensor housing 30. More precisely, the humidity sensor 22 has a sensor tube 22a and a handle 22b, a connection part 22c being provided at a rear end of the handle 22b. A tip 22d with an opening 22e is arranged at a front end of the sensor tube 22a, the actual sensors of the humidity sensor 22 for ambient air being accessible via the opening 22e. The humidity sensor 22 is inserted through the screw-in piece 31 in such a way that the sensor tube 22a rests against a seal 31a of the screw-in piece 31 in the circumferential direction and the tip 22d projects completely into the interior of the sensor housing 30.
  • a cleaning nozzle 32 is screwed into a second side wall 30d of the sensor housing 30 in such a way that a jet of a cleaning agent RM reaches the tip 22d of the humidity sensor 22.
  • the separating agent vapor from the casting tool leaves waxy residues in series operation that can be removed by water, possibly under Addition of other synthetic and / or natural chemicals to dissolve again. For the purposes of this description, both water alone and with the addition of other chemicals are understood as cleaning agents. This process must also be carried out very quickly so that the cleaning agent does not interfere with the measurement.
  • the cleaning nozzle is supplied with cleaning agent 36 from an RM reservoir 37 via an RM line 33 in which an RM pump 34 and an RM valve 35 are supplied.
  • the cleaning agent 36 in the RM reservoir 37 can, as mentioned above, be water alone or also water with the addition of further chemicals.
  • a blow-off nozzle 38 which is also directed at the tip 22d of the humidity sensor 22, is screwed into the second side wall 30d of the sensor housing 30.
  • the blow-off nozzle 38 is supplied with compressed air from a pressure accumulator 41 by means of a DL line 39 in which a DL valve 40 is located.
  • the pressure accumulator 41 is supplied with compressed ambient air 43 by a compressor and is kept under a predetermined excess pressure.
  • An arrangement for regulating the overpressure is not shown in more detail in the figure and can easily be implemented by the person skilled in the art depending on the requirements in one form or another.
  • An inspection glass 44 is arranged in a third side wall 30e of the sensor housing 30.
  • the sight glass 44 enables an operator to observe the sensor 22 exposed to the exhaust air 45 from the die casting mold 1 and to react to any contamination or other undesirable events.
  • connection part 22c which is provided on the handle 22b of the humidity sensor 22, can be coupled during operation to a plug 46a of a connection line 46, which in turn is connected to the interface 28 (cf. Fig. 1 ) can be coupled.
  • the residual moisture is measured in the vacuum line 16 after the end of a casting cycle when the vacuum device is started.
  • the measurement is carried out directly on form 1 and the measurement time is approx. 1 second.
  • the short measuring time is advantageous because the results are available immediately and the next casting cycle can be interrupted immediately if the measuring result is not correct.
  • the sensor is cleaned again with cleaning agent RM and compressed air DL.
  • a measurement time should be less than 10 seconds, preferably significantly less than 10 seconds, in order to be able to optimally utilize the advantages of the arrangement according to the invention or the method according to the invention.
  • the tip 22d of the humidity sensor 22 is covered by a protective hood which is optimized for the measurement with regard to an optimal flow of the exhaust air.
  • the protective hood can, for example, be integrated beforehand in a side wall of the sensor housing 30 or can be installed subsequently through an opening for the sight glass 44.
  • the short line piece 16a can be reduced to a screw-in socket screwed into the end wall 30a of the sensor housing 30, with the aid of which the sensor housing 30 can be screwed as a whole to the vacuum block 17.
  • the vacuum block 17 can be integrated with the sensor housing 30, which further simplifies the structure.
  • a mixing device for admixing a chemical from a further reservoir into the RM line 33 (cf. Fig. 2 ) be provided.
  • the line 46 can also be attached directly to the handle 22b without a plug connection.
  • the invention can also be applied to systems with only one vacuum line or suction line.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
EP13782722.6A 2012-11-12 2013-10-24 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines druckgussteils Active EP2916977B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012220513.6A DE102012220513B4 (de) 2012-11-12 2012-11-12 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Druckgussteils
PCT/EP2013/072333 WO2014072188A1 (de) 2012-11-12 2013-10-24 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines druckgussteils

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2916977A1 EP2916977A1 (de) 2015-09-16
EP2916977B1 true EP2916977B1 (de) 2020-12-02

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US (1) US20170028463A9 (zh)
EP (1) EP2916977B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN104661774B (zh)
DE (1) DE102012220513B4 (zh)
WO (1) WO2014072188A1 (zh)

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KR20210142711A (ko) 2019-03-22 2021-11-25 길리애드 사이언시즈, 인코포레이티드 가교된 트리시클릭 카르바모일피리돈 화합물 및 그의 제약 용도
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DE102012220513B4 (de) 2023-02-16
WO2014072188A1 (de) 2014-05-15
US20170028463A9 (en) 2017-02-02
CN104661774A (zh) 2015-05-27
EP2916977A1 (de) 2015-09-16
DE102012220513A1 (de) 2014-06-12
CN104661774B (zh) 2019-09-06

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