EP2902112B1 - Auslassvorrichtung einer Vollmantelschneckenzentrifuge - Google Patents

Auslassvorrichtung einer Vollmantelschneckenzentrifuge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2902112B1
EP2902112B1 EP14197610.0A EP14197610A EP2902112B1 EP 2902112 B1 EP2902112 B1 EP 2902112B1 EP 14197610 A EP14197610 A EP 14197610A EP 2902112 B1 EP2902112 B1 EP 2902112B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
outlet
throttle
outlet device
centrifuge drum
centrifuge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14197610.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2902112A1 (de
Inventor
Georg Bauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Flottweg SE
Original Assignee
Flottweg SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Flottweg SE filed Critical Flottweg SE
Publication of EP2902112A1 publication Critical patent/EP2902112A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2902112B1 publication Critical patent/EP2902112B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
    • B04B1/2016—Driving control or mechanisms; Arrangement of transmission gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B11/00—Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls
    • B04B11/02—Continuous feeding or discharging; Control arrangements therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
    • B04B2001/2075—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl with means for recovering the energy of the outflowing liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
    • B04B2001/2083—Configuration of liquid outlets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an outlet device of a solid bowl screw centrifuge for separating multi-phase material with a centrifuge drum rotatable about a longitudinal axis and at least one outlet for discharging a phase of the material from the centrifuge drum.
  • the invention further relates to the use of such an outlet device on a solid bowl centrifuge.
  • Solid bowl screw centrifuges are characterized by a rotatable centrifuge drum, which has a largely closed drum shell with mostly horizontal axis of rotation or longitudinal axis.
  • the centrifuge drum is rotated at a high rotational speed by means of a drive.
  • multi-phase material to be centrifuged gets into the drum jacket by means of a centrally arranged inlet pipe.
  • the multi-phase material is then subjected to a high centrifugal force when the centrifuge drum is rotated, causing it to create a pond on the inside of the drum casing.
  • a phase separation takes place in the material centrifuged in this way, comparatively light material in the pond migrating radially inwards as the light phase and comparatively heavy material migrating radially outwards as the heavy phase.
  • the light phase can be discharged radially on the inside by means of an outlet device, while the heavy phase is discharged from the centrifuge drum by means of a screw.
  • An outlet device of a siphon filter centrifuge with a rotatable drum and a filter layer extending parallel to the drum wall is known.
  • An intermediate space is provided between the filter layer and the drum wall for receiving filtered liquid.
  • the liquid can be drained discontinuously by means of a throttle.
  • the throttle comprises a radially outwardly tapering outlet, which serves as a valve seat with its surrounding material, and an associated valve body which is designed to be complementary and conical.
  • the valve body is concentrically connected to a floating body by means of a rod.
  • a suspension to be filtered is introduced into the rotating drum, while centrifugal forces Push the valve body against the valve seat and thereby close the outlet.
  • the liquid flowing through the filter layer is collected in the intermediate space.
  • the liquid level rises there until it lifts the float and, in turn, pulls the valve body out of the outlet.
  • the outlet is released and the liquid can drain.
  • a sludge outlet valve of a centrifugal drum which is designed to be self-adjusting depending on the resulting sludge.
  • the sludge outlet valve comprises a valve body which is mounted concentrically in a radially displaceable manner in a casing tube. During operation, settling sludge shifts the valve body radially inwards within the casing tube. The valve body opens an opening and the sludge is thrown out of the centrifugal drum.
  • an outlet device of a liquid-liquid centrifugal separator which comprises an outlet for lighter goods and an outlet for heavier goods.
  • a control device is provided which changes the cross-sections of the two outlets as a function of the mixing ratio of the liquids to be separated and thus of the respective position of their limit mirror.
  • the control device can comprise a floating body held in the boundary mirror. This float is supported by two guide means or by means of a radially extending shaft. The float can be shifted in this way depending on the position of the boundary level.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a solid bowl centrifuge 25, at the outlet device an efficient recovery of drive energy is possible.
  • an outlet device of a solid-bowl screw centrifuge for separating multiphase material with a centrifuge drum rotatable about a longitudinal axis and at least one outlet for discharging a phase of the material from the centrifuge drum, the outlet being designed with a throttle, which when used in Dependency of a liquid level of the material in the centrifuge drum is designed to be self-adjusting or self-adjusting.
  • the material emerging at the outlet is automatically retained in a controlled manner by means of the throttle, and in this way a uniformly high and at the same time closed liquid column at the outlet is ensured.
  • it is possible to work with varying flow rates for the solid-bowl screw centrifuge and still ensure a uniform pond depth or a uniform liquid level.
  • it is not necessary, e.g. to allow an excess amount of clarified material to flow unthrottled at particularly high throughputs or flow rates per unit of time.
  • the exit velocity of the flow at the outlet is also increased and, in particular, an optimal energy recovery is achieved.
  • the throttle is adjusted according to the invention by means of a floating body or float which is designed to float on the material.
  • the floating body thus acts as a control element for the throughput or the flow rate per unit of time at the outlet. Due to the centrifugal force also acting on it, the floating body is pushed radially outwards and at the same time floats on the pond. It then releases the outlet a little less at a low pond depth than if it floats further radially inwards on the material to be centrifuged.
  • the floating body When used, the floating body is pivotally mounted on the centrifuge drum and, in particular, moves a throttle body or a throttle device at the outlet by means of its pivoting movement.
  • the throttle body and the float cause a pair of forces with a throttle force or ram force of the throttle body on the one hand and a buoyancy force of the float on the other.
  • Throttle force and buoyancy force are coordinated so that these two forces are in equilibrium at a predetermined pond depth. If the pond depth is low, the throttling force predominates, so that the throttle is closed further. At greater pond depth, the buoyancy predominates, so that the throttle is opened further until equilibrium is reached.
  • the floating body is particularly preferably designed with a cavity that is open on one side, this open side of the cavity advantageously facing the pond of the multi-phase material. Any material can then freely emerge radially outward from the cavity due to the centrifugal force acting on it.
  • the throttle according to the invention can advantageously be adjusted by means of a weight body which is subjected to the centrifugal force generated by the centrifuge drum.
  • This centrifugal force like the buoyancy force of the float and the throttle force due to the dynamic pressure, is proportional to the square of the speed, which means that the ratio of the forces to each other is independent of the speed.
  • the dimensioning of the weight body is accordingly advantageously coordinated with the dimensioning of a floating body.
  • the weight body is preferably also pivotally mounted on the centrifuge drum. This pivotable arrangement ensures a particularly simple and at the same time reliable adjustment of the weight body and the components controlled with it.
  • the adjustment of the throttle is also preferably designed by means of a throttle body which is located in an outlet opening of the outlet in the material flowing out there is arranged.
  • the throttle body thus covers part of the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening and thus produces a cross-sectional constriction there. In the area of the reduced cross-sectional area, the emerging or outflowing material is dammed up and thus retained. At the same time, the speed of the material flowing out through the outlet opening is increased in comparison to the material that has been accumulated in front of it.
  • the outlet opening is preferably arranged on a radius that is 1 to 2 times, preferably 1.05 to 1.6 times, particularly preferably 1.1 to 1.4 times the radius of the desired liquid level of the material in the centrifuge drum.
  • the outflowing material is guided radially outward on the centrifuge drum within a closed liquid column in front of the throttle according to the invention and in this way the kinetic energy previously supplied to the material is at least partially recovered.
  • the throttle body according to the invention is particularly preferably also pivotally mounted, which again ensures the advantages of simple, reliable adjustment mentioned above.
  • the throttle body according to the invention is particularly preferably spherical in the area of the outlet opening.
  • the at least partially spherical shape of the throttle body according to the invention creates a low-resistance flow around the throttle body from the stream of escaping material.
  • an advantageous sealing of the throttle body at an associated sealing seat is possible, as a result of which the associated outlet opening can also be closed in a sealing manner.
  • the throttle body according to the invention is advantageously conical or cylindrical, at least in sections. With these shapes, a seal is created on an then annular sealing edge of the throttle body on an associated sealing seat.
  • the throttle body For the adjustment of the throttle body according to the invention, it is advantageously slidably mounted.
  • the displacement is particularly preferably in the tangential direction to the axis of rotation or longitudinal axis of the centrifuge drum.
  • the throttle body In this type of support, the throttle body is supported in the radial direction, ie in the direction of its centrifugal forces, and at the same time is displaceable in the tangential direction. The shift is therefore possible with particularly little and largely always the same effort.
  • the throttle body as already explained above, is particularly advantageously moved by the floating body and / or weight body.
  • the throttle is adjusted by means of a diaphragm arrangement which is arranged around an outlet opening of the outlet.
  • a diaphragm arrangement enables a particularly precise and at the same time uniform adjustment of the opening cross-sectional area over the entire circumference of the outlet opening.
  • the outlet with a deflection device for deflecting the material flowing out from the direction of the longitudinal axis of the centrifuge drum in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis.
  • the emerging stream is then deflected transversely to the longitudinal direction and essentially tangentially to this longitudinal axis in such a way that when it leaves the centrifuge drum it releases its kinetic energy as a pulse to the centrifuge drum in the opposite direction of rotation.
  • the outlet is preferably designed with a nozzle device for bundling the material flowing out there into a jet.
  • the discharged material is then discharged as a bundled jet and thereby generates a particularly high rejection pulse for the centrifuge drum.
  • the invention is also directed in particular to the use of an outlet device according to the invention on a solid-bowl screw centrifuge.
  • Fig. 1 an end wall or end face 10 of a centrifuge drum is shown which, according to the conventional design of a solid bowl centrifuge, accommodates a centrifuge screw (not shown) in its interior.
  • the centrifuge drum can be rotated about a longitudinal axis 12 at high speed in a direction of rotation 14.
  • end wall openings 16 are evenly spaced about a circle with a radius 18 around the longitudinal axis 12.
  • the end wall openings 16 serve for the removal or discharge of clarified material 20 of a light phase from the centrifuge drum.
  • the material 20 forms a pond or a liquid ring on the inside of the drum shell in the centrifuge drum.
  • the pond has a radius or liquid level 22 which is essentially dependent on the throughput of material 20 to be clarified in the centrifuge drum. If a lot of material 20 to be clarified is fed into the centrifuge drum per unit of time, but only a little clarified material 20 of the light phase is removed per unit of time, the liquid level 22 increases or the associated radius becomes smaller.
  • the liquid level 22 drops.
  • the liquid level 22 naturally also depends on the amount of material 20 of the heavy phase removed per unit of time from the centrifuge drum, which should not be discussed here.
  • the liquid level 22 generally corresponds approximately to the radius 18, so that the end wall openings 16, viewed in the radial direction, flow through the outflowing material 20 approximately in the region of their widest extent.
  • an outlet device 24 is attached on the outside on the end side 10 of the centrifuge drum.
  • Each outlet device 24 is designed with a bowl-shaped housing 26 which is open towards the associated end wall opening 16, but is otherwise essentially closed towards the outside (axially and radially).
  • the shell shape of the housing 26 is designed such that the material 20 can flow axially outwards from the interior of the centrifuge drum through the end wall opening 16, but is then initially retained there by the housing 26.
  • the housing 26 is attached to the end face 10 in a stationary and fluid-tight manner by means of two screws 28. Two bores for the screws 28 are formed in the housing 26.
  • (essentially radially aligned) elongated holes can also be provided in the housing 26, by means of which the housing 26 can be attached to the end face 10 of the centrifuge drum in a radially adjustable manner.
  • the outlet opening 30 is a circular through opening or bore in the housing 26, the passage direction 34 of which is directed in the tangential direction and transversely to the longitudinal axis 12.
  • the outlet opening 30 is arranged on a radius that is 1.1 times to 1.4 times, in particular 1.2 times to 1.3 times the radius of the desired liquid level 22 of the material 20 in the centrifuge drum.
  • the housing 26 thus forms, together with the outlet opening 30, a deflection device for deflecting the material 20 flowing out there from the direction of the longitudinal axis 12 of the centrifuge drum in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis 12.
  • spherical throttle body 36 In the flow direction in front of the outlet opening 30 there is an inside of the housing 26 according to FIGS 1 to 5 spherical throttle body 36.
  • the throttle body 36 forms an adjustable throttle 38 at the outlet opening 30, by means of which the passage of outflowing, clarified material 20 through the outlet opening 30 can be throttled.
  • the throttle body 36 can be brought close or closer to the outlet opening 30 or far or further away therefrom, so that an annular throttle gap 40 results at the outlet opening 30, through which the outflowing material 20 must move.
  • its cross-sectional area is correspondingly larger or smaller and thus also the flow resistance for the outflowing material 20 is smaller or larger.
  • the control of the size of the throttle opening of the throttle 38 and in particular the width of the throttle gap 40 takes place in the exemplary embodiments according to 1 to 3 by means of a float body 42 and a weight body 44, which are mounted together with the throttle body 36 on a lever 46 so as to be rotatable or pivotable in the interior of the housing 26 about an axis of rotation 48.
  • the axis of rotation 48 is designed as a pin which is attached to the inside of the housing 26 in a stationary manner, extending in the direction of the longitudinal axis 12.
  • the floating body 42 is formed by means of an internally hollow shell 50 which floats on the material 20 at the liquid level 22.
  • the shell shape is according to the embodiment Fig. 1 and 2 opened towards the center of the centrifuge drum, while in the embodiment according to Fig. 3 is opened towards the drum wall or the pond. With this configuration, any good 20 passes from the inside of the shell 50 to the outside radially due to the centrifugal force and no good 20 can collect in the shell 50.
  • the floating body 42 moves radially inward, as a result of which it moves the throttle body 36 away from the outlet opening 30 due to the lever connection acting around the axis of rotation 46 and releases an enlarged throttle gap 40.
  • the weight body 44 is designed by means of a screw 52 and a plurality of disks 54, which are fixedly attached to the lever 46 by means of the screw 52.
  • the screw 52 together with the disks 54, is subject to the centrifugal force during operation of the associated solid-bowl screw centrifuge in such a way that they are pushed radially outward and thus support the floating body 42 when the throttle 38 is opened.
  • the weight of the weight body 44 can be changed, and thus the liquid level 22, at which an equilibrium is established at the throttle 38.
  • the optimum passage cross section is set at the throttle gap 40 and an effective atomization of the outflowing material 20 is achieved even at different throughputs.
  • the outlet opening 30 on the outlet device 24 is thus throttled automatically, variably and independently of the speed.
  • a closed liquid column of material 20 is present in front of the outlet opening 30, which generates a corresponding hydraulic pressure for spraying the material 20 through the outlet opening 30.
  • This spraying takes place essentially tangentially against the direction of rotation 14 of the associated centrifuge drum and thus generates a recoil for the latter, which saves drive energy for rotating the centrifuge drum.
  • the 4 to 8 show different embodiments of outlet openings 30 and associated throttle bodies 36.
  • the outlet opening 30 is cylindrical, in particular circular cylindrical, through the associated wall of the housing 26.
  • the outlet opening 30 is conical at a section facing the throttle body 36, wherein, as already mentioned above, the throttle body 36 in each case is designed spherical.
  • a cylindrical throttle body 36 is arranged at a sectionally conical outlet opening 30 and according to FIG Fig. 7 Both the outlet opening 30 and the throttle body 36 are conical.
  • the conical shape of the outlet opening 30 it forms in particular a nozzle device at the outlet 32 for bundling the material 20 flowing out there into a jet.
  • the embodiment according to Fig. 8 is finally designed with a cylindrical outlet opening 30 and a conical, pointed throttle body 36.
  • Fig. 9 shows an alternative functional principle in which a throttle body 36 is moved or adjusted hydraulically.
  • the throttle body 36 is mounted in a first chamber 60 in front of the outlet opening 30, essentially tangentially to the longitudinal axis 12, as a cylinder.
  • the end face or the end face 62 of the cylindrical throttle body 36 pointing away from the outlet opening 30 is surrounded by a second, self-contained chamber 64 in which there is a liquid 65 which is also exposed to the centrifugal force 56.
  • the second chamber 64 is partitioned off from the first chamber 60 by means of a partition 66 through which the cylindrical throttle body 36 passes in a fluid-tight manner.
  • the centrifugal force 56 accordingly acts on the liquid 65 present in the second chamber 64 in such a way that the liquid 65 is pressed against the end face 62 of the throttle body 36 in order to urge it towards the outlet opening 30.
  • the outlet opening 30 acts on the hydraulic force of the material 20 flowing out there, which is also subject to the centrifugal force 56, whereby the throttle body 36 is pushed away from the outlet opening 30 and a throttle gap 40 is released with a corresponding force ratio.
  • FIG. 11 An embodiment is illustrated in which the associated, likewise cylindrical throttle body 36 is also guided in a fluid-tight manner in a chamber 60 in front of the outlet opening 30 in a fluid-tight manner by means of a partition 66.
  • a hydraulic pressure acts on the end face 62 of the throttle body 36, but rather the force of a weight body 44.
  • the weight body 44 is supported on the side of the partition 66 facing away from the outlet opening 30 by means of a pivot axis or axis of rotation 48 such that the centrifugal force 56 acting on it is deflected in the tangential direction.
  • the throttle body 36 is guided not in the tangential direction but in the radial direction.
  • the throttle body 36 projects into the outlet opening 30 and partially closes it.
  • the throttle body 36 is also adjusted by means of a floating body 42 (not shown here) and optionally a weight body 44 (not shown here).
  • the throttle 38 is finally designed with the aid of a diaphragm arrangement 68 which is arranged radially on the outside around the outlet opening 30.
  • the diaphragm arrangement 68 is formed with a total of six diaphragm sickles 70, which are arranged at regular intervals around the outlet opening 30 and can be adjusted radially inwards or radially outwards in order to reduce or enlarge the area through which the outlet opening 30 can flow.
  • the adjustment of the aperture crescent 70 is also carried out by means of a floating body 42 and / or weight body 44 (not shown here).
  • Fig. 16 An embodiment is shown in which, in contrast to the embodiment according to Fig. 15 a weir plate 72 is arranged between the inside of the centrifuge drum and the chamber 60.
  • the weir plate 72 is located on the outside of the end wall 10 and retains the material 20 there in such a way that only largely clarified or pure liquid phase can flow over the weir plate 72 into the chamber 60 and further through the outlet opening 30.

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  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
EP14197610.0A 2014-01-31 2014-12-12 Auslassvorrichtung einer Vollmantelschneckenzentrifuge Active EP2902112B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014101205.4A DE102014101205B4 (de) 2014-01-31 2014-01-31 Auslassvorrichtung einer Vollmantelschneckenzentrifuge

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2902112A1 EP2902112A1 (de) 2015-08-05
EP2902112B1 true EP2902112B1 (de) 2020-02-05

Family

ID=52016512

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14197610.0A Active EP2902112B1 (de) 2014-01-31 2014-12-12 Auslassvorrichtung einer Vollmantelschneckenzentrifuge

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US10293347B2 (da)
EP (1) EP2902112B1 (da)
DE (1) DE102014101205B4 (da)
DK (1) DK2902112T3 (da)

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CA2732622C (en) * 2008-08-15 2016-01-12 M-I Llc Changeable weir inserts for a centrifuge
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US9393574B1 (en) * 2010-12-14 2016-07-19 Ray Morris Wear insert for the solids discharge end of a horizontal decanter centrifuge
DE102013001436A1 (de) * 2013-01-29 2014-07-31 Flottweg Se Vollmantelschneckenzentrifuge mit einer Wehrkante
DK2789395T4 (da) * 2013-04-08 2020-02-10 Flottweg Se Dekantercentrifuge med en energigenvindingsenhed
DE102014101205B4 (de) * 2014-01-31 2021-08-05 Flottweg Se Auslassvorrichtung einer Vollmantelschneckenzentrifuge
DE102014104296A1 (de) * 2014-03-27 2015-10-01 Flottweg Se Auslassvorrichtung einer Vollmantelschneckenzentrifuge
CN107952594B (zh) * 2017-11-21 2019-06-04 海南出入境检验检疫局检验检疫技术中心 一种用于食品检测的离心机溢流调节机构
KR102400051B1 (ko) * 2021-07-23 2022-05-19 한국환경기계주식회사 침사처리 성능이 증진된 협잡물처리기

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20150217303A1 (en) 2015-08-06
DE102014101205A1 (de) 2015-08-06
EP2902112A1 (de) 2015-08-05
DE102014101205B4 (de) 2021-08-05
DK2902112T3 (da) 2020-04-14
US10293347B2 (en) 2019-05-21

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