EP2902112B1 - Outlet device of a solid bowl screw centrifuge - Google Patents

Outlet device of a solid bowl screw centrifuge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2902112B1
EP2902112B1 EP14197610.0A EP14197610A EP2902112B1 EP 2902112 B1 EP2902112 B1 EP 2902112B1 EP 14197610 A EP14197610 A EP 14197610A EP 2902112 B1 EP2902112 B1 EP 2902112B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
outlet
throttle
outlet device
centrifuge drum
centrifuge
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Active
Application number
EP14197610.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2902112A1 (en
Inventor
Georg Bauer
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Flottweg SE
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Flottweg SE
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Publication of EP2902112A1 publication Critical patent/EP2902112A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
    • B04B1/2016—Driving control or mechanisms; Arrangement of transmission gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B11/00—Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls
    • B04B11/02—Continuous feeding or discharging; Control arrangements therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
    • B04B2001/2075—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl with means for recovering the energy of the outflowing liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
    • B04B2001/2083—Configuration of liquid outlets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an outlet device of a solid bowl screw centrifuge for separating multi-phase material with a centrifuge drum rotatable about a longitudinal axis and at least one outlet for discharging a phase of the material from the centrifuge drum.
  • the invention further relates to the use of such an outlet device on a solid bowl centrifuge.
  • Solid bowl screw centrifuges are characterized by a rotatable centrifuge drum, which has a largely closed drum shell with mostly horizontal axis of rotation or longitudinal axis.
  • the centrifuge drum is rotated at a high rotational speed by means of a drive.
  • multi-phase material to be centrifuged gets into the drum jacket by means of a centrally arranged inlet pipe.
  • the multi-phase material is then subjected to a high centrifugal force when the centrifuge drum is rotated, causing it to create a pond on the inside of the drum casing.
  • a phase separation takes place in the material centrifuged in this way, comparatively light material in the pond migrating radially inwards as the light phase and comparatively heavy material migrating radially outwards as the heavy phase.
  • the light phase can be discharged radially on the inside by means of an outlet device, while the heavy phase is discharged from the centrifuge drum by means of a screw.
  • An outlet device of a siphon filter centrifuge with a rotatable drum and a filter layer extending parallel to the drum wall is known.
  • An intermediate space is provided between the filter layer and the drum wall for receiving filtered liquid.
  • the liquid can be drained discontinuously by means of a throttle.
  • the throttle comprises a radially outwardly tapering outlet, which serves as a valve seat with its surrounding material, and an associated valve body which is designed to be complementary and conical.
  • the valve body is concentrically connected to a floating body by means of a rod.
  • a suspension to be filtered is introduced into the rotating drum, while centrifugal forces Push the valve body against the valve seat and thereby close the outlet.
  • the liquid flowing through the filter layer is collected in the intermediate space.
  • the liquid level rises there until it lifts the float and, in turn, pulls the valve body out of the outlet.
  • the outlet is released and the liquid can drain.
  • a sludge outlet valve of a centrifugal drum which is designed to be self-adjusting depending on the resulting sludge.
  • the sludge outlet valve comprises a valve body which is mounted concentrically in a radially displaceable manner in a casing tube. During operation, settling sludge shifts the valve body radially inwards within the casing tube. The valve body opens an opening and the sludge is thrown out of the centrifugal drum.
  • an outlet device of a liquid-liquid centrifugal separator which comprises an outlet for lighter goods and an outlet for heavier goods.
  • a control device is provided which changes the cross-sections of the two outlets as a function of the mixing ratio of the liquids to be separated and thus of the respective position of their limit mirror.
  • the control device can comprise a floating body held in the boundary mirror. This float is supported by two guide means or by means of a radially extending shaft. The float can be shifted in this way depending on the position of the boundary level.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a solid bowl centrifuge 25, at the outlet device an efficient recovery of drive energy is possible.
  • an outlet device of a solid-bowl screw centrifuge for separating multiphase material with a centrifuge drum rotatable about a longitudinal axis and at least one outlet for discharging a phase of the material from the centrifuge drum, the outlet being designed with a throttle, which when used in Dependency of a liquid level of the material in the centrifuge drum is designed to be self-adjusting or self-adjusting.
  • the material emerging at the outlet is automatically retained in a controlled manner by means of the throttle, and in this way a uniformly high and at the same time closed liquid column at the outlet is ensured.
  • it is possible to work with varying flow rates for the solid-bowl screw centrifuge and still ensure a uniform pond depth or a uniform liquid level.
  • it is not necessary, e.g. to allow an excess amount of clarified material to flow unthrottled at particularly high throughputs or flow rates per unit of time.
  • the exit velocity of the flow at the outlet is also increased and, in particular, an optimal energy recovery is achieved.
  • the throttle is adjusted according to the invention by means of a floating body or float which is designed to float on the material.
  • the floating body thus acts as a control element for the throughput or the flow rate per unit of time at the outlet. Due to the centrifugal force also acting on it, the floating body is pushed radially outwards and at the same time floats on the pond. It then releases the outlet a little less at a low pond depth than if it floats further radially inwards on the material to be centrifuged.
  • the floating body When used, the floating body is pivotally mounted on the centrifuge drum and, in particular, moves a throttle body or a throttle device at the outlet by means of its pivoting movement.
  • the throttle body and the float cause a pair of forces with a throttle force or ram force of the throttle body on the one hand and a buoyancy force of the float on the other.
  • Throttle force and buoyancy force are coordinated so that these two forces are in equilibrium at a predetermined pond depth. If the pond depth is low, the throttling force predominates, so that the throttle is closed further. At greater pond depth, the buoyancy predominates, so that the throttle is opened further until equilibrium is reached.
  • the floating body is particularly preferably designed with a cavity that is open on one side, this open side of the cavity advantageously facing the pond of the multi-phase material. Any material can then freely emerge radially outward from the cavity due to the centrifugal force acting on it.
  • the throttle according to the invention can advantageously be adjusted by means of a weight body which is subjected to the centrifugal force generated by the centrifuge drum.
  • This centrifugal force like the buoyancy force of the float and the throttle force due to the dynamic pressure, is proportional to the square of the speed, which means that the ratio of the forces to each other is independent of the speed.
  • the dimensioning of the weight body is accordingly advantageously coordinated with the dimensioning of a floating body.
  • the weight body is preferably also pivotally mounted on the centrifuge drum. This pivotable arrangement ensures a particularly simple and at the same time reliable adjustment of the weight body and the components controlled with it.
  • the adjustment of the throttle is also preferably designed by means of a throttle body which is located in an outlet opening of the outlet in the material flowing out there is arranged.
  • the throttle body thus covers part of the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening and thus produces a cross-sectional constriction there. In the area of the reduced cross-sectional area, the emerging or outflowing material is dammed up and thus retained. At the same time, the speed of the material flowing out through the outlet opening is increased in comparison to the material that has been accumulated in front of it.
  • the outlet opening is preferably arranged on a radius that is 1 to 2 times, preferably 1.05 to 1.6 times, particularly preferably 1.1 to 1.4 times the radius of the desired liquid level of the material in the centrifuge drum.
  • the outflowing material is guided radially outward on the centrifuge drum within a closed liquid column in front of the throttle according to the invention and in this way the kinetic energy previously supplied to the material is at least partially recovered.
  • the throttle body according to the invention is particularly preferably also pivotally mounted, which again ensures the advantages of simple, reliable adjustment mentioned above.
  • the throttle body according to the invention is particularly preferably spherical in the area of the outlet opening.
  • the at least partially spherical shape of the throttle body according to the invention creates a low-resistance flow around the throttle body from the stream of escaping material.
  • an advantageous sealing of the throttle body at an associated sealing seat is possible, as a result of which the associated outlet opening can also be closed in a sealing manner.
  • the throttle body according to the invention is advantageously conical or cylindrical, at least in sections. With these shapes, a seal is created on an then annular sealing edge of the throttle body on an associated sealing seat.
  • the throttle body For the adjustment of the throttle body according to the invention, it is advantageously slidably mounted.
  • the displacement is particularly preferably in the tangential direction to the axis of rotation or longitudinal axis of the centrifuge drum.
  • the throttle body In this type of support, the throttle body is supported in the radial direction, ie in the direction of its centrifugal forces, and at the same time is displaceable in the tangential direction. The shift is therefore possible with particularly little and largely always the same effort.
  • the throttle body as already explained above, is particularly advantageously moved by the floating body and / or weight body.
  • the throttle is adjusted by means of a diaphragm arrangement which is arranged around an outlet opening of the outlet.
  • a diaphragm arrangement enables a particularly precise and at the same time uniform adjustment of the opening cross-sectional area over the entire circumference of the outlet opening.
  • the outlet with a deflection device for deflecting the material flowing out from the direction of the longitudinal axis of the centrifuge drum in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis.
  • the emerging stream is then deflected transversely to the longitudinal direction and essentially tangentially to this longitudinal axis in such a way that when it leaves the centrifuge drum it releases its kinetic energy as a pulse to the centrifuge drum in the opposite direction of rotation.
  • the outlet is preferably designed with a nozzle device for bundling the material flowing out there into a jet.
  • the discharged material is then discharged as a bundled jet and thereby generates a particularly high rejection pulse for the centrifuge drum.
  • the invention is also directed in particular to the use of an outlet device according to the invention on a solid-bowl screw centrifuge.
  • Fig. 1 an end wall or end face 10 of a centrifuge drum is shown which, according to the conventional design of a solid bowl centrifuge, accommodates a centrifuge screw (not shown) in its interior.
  • the centrifuge drum can be rotated about a longitudinal axis 12 at high speed in a direction of rotation 14.
  • end wall openings 16 are evenly spaced about a circle with a radius 18 around the longitudinal axis 12.
  • the end wall openings 16 serve for the removal or discharge of clarified material 20 of a light phase from the centrifuge drum.
  • the material 20 forms a pond or a liquid ring on the inside of the drum shell in the centrifuge drum.
  • the pond has a radius or liquid level 22 which is essentially dependent on the throughput of material 20 to be clarified in the centrifuge drum. If a lot of material 20 to be clarified is fed into the centrifuge drum per unit of time, but only a little clarified material 20 of the light phase is removed per unit of time, the liquid level 22 increases or the associated radius becomes smaller.
  • the liquid level 22 drops.
  • the liquid level 22 naturally also depends on the amount of material 20 of the heavy phase removed per unit of time from the centrifuge drum, which should not be discussed here.
  • the liquid level 22 generally corresponds approximately to the radius 18, so that the end wall openings 16, viewed in the radial direction, flow through the outflowing material 20 approximately in the region of their widest extent.
  • an outlet device 24 is attached on the outside on the end side 10 of the centrifuge drum.
  • Each outlet device 24 is designed with a bowl-shaped housing 26 which is open towards the associated end wall opening 16, but is otherwise essentially closed towards the outside (axially and radially).
  • the shell shape of the housing 26 is designed such that the material 20 can flow axially outwards from the interior of the centrifuge drum through the end wall opening 16, but is then initially retained there by the housing 26.
  • the housing 26 is attached to the end face 10 in a stationary and fluid-tight manner by means of two screws 28. Two bores for the screws 28 are formed in the housing 26.
  • (essentially radially aligned) elongated holes can also be provided in the housing 26, by means of which the housing 26 can be attached to the end face 10 of the centrifuge drum in a radially adjustable manner.
  • the outlet opening 30 is a circular through opening or bore in the housing 26, the passage direction 34 of which is directed in the tangential direction and transversely to the longitudinal axis 12.
  • the outlet opening 30 is arranged on a radius that is 1.1 times to 1.4 times, in particular 1.2 times to 1.3 times the radius of the desired liquid level 22 of the material 20 in the centrifuge drum.
  • the housing 26 thus forms, together with the outlet opening 30, a deflection device for deflecting the material 20 flowing out there from the direction of the longitudinal axis 12 of the centrifuge drum in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis 12.
  • spherical throttle body 36 In the flow direction in front of the outlet opening 30 there is an inside of the housing 26 according to FIGS 1 to 5 spherical throttle body 36.
  • the throttle body 36 forms an adjustable throttle 38 at the outlet opening 30, by means of which the passage of outflowing, clarified material 20 through the outlet opening 30 can be throttled.
  • the throttle body 36 can be brought close or closer to the outlet opening 30 or far or further away therefrom, so that an annular throttle gap 40 results at the outlet opening 30, through which the outflowing material 20 must move.
  • its cross-sectional area is correspondingly larger or smaller and thus also the flow resistance for the outflowing material 20 is smaller or larger.
  • the control of the size of the throttle opening of the throttle 38 and in particular the width of the throttle gap 40 takes place in the exemplary embodiments according to 1 to 3 by means of a float body 42 and a weight body 44, which are mounted together with the throttle body 36 on a lever 46 so as to be rotatable or pivotable in the interior of the housing 26 about an axis of rotation 48.
  • the axis of rotation 48 is designed as a pin which is attached to the inside of the housing 26 in a stationary manner, extending in the direction of the longitudinal axis 12.
  • the floating body 42 is formed by means of an internally hollow shell 50 which floats on the material 20 at the liquid level 22.
  • the shell shape is according to the embodiment Fig. 1 and 2 opened towards the center of the centrifuge drum, while in the embodiment according to Fig. 3 is opened towards the drum wall or the pond. With this configuration, any good 20 passes from the inside of the shell 50 to the outside radially due to the centrifugal force and no good 20 can collect in the shell 50.
  • the floating body 42 moves radially inward, as a result of which it moves the throttle body 36 away from the outlet opening 30 due to the lever connection acting around the axis of rotation 46 and releases an enlarged throttle gap 40.
  • the weight body 44 is designed by means of a screw 52 and a plurality of disks 54, which are fixedly attached to the lever 46 by means of the screw 52.
  • the screw 52 together with the disks 54, is subject to the centrifugal force during operation of the associated solid-bowl screw centrifuge in such a way that they are pushed radially outward and thus support the floating body 42 when the throttle 38 is opened.
  • the weight of the weight body 44 can be changed, and thus the liquid level 22, at which an equilibrium is established at the throttle 38.
  • the optimum passage cross section is set at the throttle gap 40 and an effective atomization of the outflowing material 20 is achieved even at different throughputs.
  • the outlet opening 30 on the outlet device 24 is thus throttled automatically, variably and independently of the speed.
  • a closed liquid column of material 20 is present in front of the outlet opening 30, which generates a corresponding hydraulic pressure for spraying the material 20 through the outlet opening 30.
  • This spraying takes place essentially tangentially against the direction of rotation 14 of the associated centrifuge drum and thus generates a recoil for the latter, which saves drive energy for rotating the centrifuge drum.
  • the 4 to 8 show different embodiments of outlet openings 30 and associated throttle bodies 36.
  • the outlet opening 30 is cylindrical, in particular circular cylindrical, through the associated wall of the housing 26.
  • the outlet opening 30 is conical at a section facing the throttle body 36, wherein, as already mentioned above, the throttle body 36 in each case is designed spherical.
  • a cylindrical throttle body 36 is arranged at a sectionally conical outlet opening 30 and according to FIG Fig. 7 Both the outlet opening 30 and the throttle body 36 are conical.
  • the conical shape of the outlet opening 30 it forms in particular a nozzle device at the outlet 32 for bundling the material 20 flowing out there into a jet.
  • the embodiment according to Fig. 8 is finally designed with a cylindrical outlet opening 30 and a conical, pointed throttle body 36.
  • Fig. 9 shows an alternative functional principle in which a throttle body 36 is moved or adjusted hydraulically.
  • the throttle body 36 is mounted in a first chamber 60 in front of the outlet opening 30, essentially tangentially to the longitudinal axis 12, as a cylinder.
  • the end face or the end face 62 of the cylindrical throttle body 36 pointing away from the outlet opening 30 is surrounded by a second, self-contained chamber 64 in which there is a liquid 65 which is also exposed to the centrifugal force 56.
  • the second chamber 64 is partitioned off from the first chamber 60 by means of a partition 66 through which the cylindrical throttle body 36 passes in a fluid-tight manner.
  • the centrifugal force 56 accordingly acts on the liquid 65 present in the second chamber 64 in such a way that the liquid 65 is pressed against the end face 62 of the throttle body 36 in order to urge it towards the outlet opening 30.
  • the outlet opening 30 acts on the hydraulic force of the material 20 flowing out there, which is also subject to the centrifugal force 56, whereby the throttle body 36 is pushed away from the outlet opening 30 and a throttle gap 40 is released with a corresponding force ratio.
  • FIG. 11 An embodiment is illustrated in which the associated, likewise cylindrical throttle body 36 is also guided in a fluid-tight manner in a chamber 60 in front of the outlet opening 30 in a fluid-tight manner by means of a partition 66.
  • a hydraulic pressure acts on the end face 62 of the throttle body 36, but rather the force of a weight body 44.
  • the weight body 44 is supported on the side of the partition 66 facing away from the outlet opening 30 by means of a pivot axis or axis of rotation 48 such that the centrifugal force 56 acting on it is deflected in the tangential direction.
  • the throttle body 36 is guided not in the tangential direction but in the radial direction.
  • the throttle body 36 projects into the outlet opening 30 and partially closes it.
  • the throttle body 36 is also adjusted by means of a floating body 42 (not shown here) and optionally a weight body 44 (not shown here).
  • the throttle 38 is finally designed with the aid of a diaphragm arrangement 68 which is arranged radially on the outside around the outlet opening 30.
  • the diaphragm arrangement 68 is formed with a total of six diaphragm sickles 70, which are arranged at regular intervals around the outlet opening 30 and can be adjusted radially inwards or radially outwards in order to reduce or enlarge the area through which the outlet opening 30 can flow.
  • the adjustment of the aperture crescent 70 is also carried out by means of a floating body 42 and / or weight body 44 (not shown here).
  • Fig. 16 An embodiment is shown in which, in contrast to the embodiment according to Fig. 15 a weir plate 72 is arranged between the inside of the centrifuge drum and the chamber 60.
  • the weir plate 72 is located on the outside of the end wall 10 and retains the material 20 there in such a way that only largely clarified or pure liquid phase can flow over the weir plate 72 into the chamber 60 and further through the outlet opening 30.

Description

Hintergrund der ErfindungBackground of the Invention

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Auslassvorrichtung einer Vollmantelschneckenzentrifuge zum Trennen von mehrphasigem Gut mit einer um eine Längsachse drehbaren Zentrifugentrommel und mindestens einem Auslass zum Auslassen einer Phase des Gutes aus der Zentrifugentrommel. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung die Verwendung einer derartigen Auslassvorrichtung an einer Vollmantelschneckenzentrifuge.The invention relates to an outlet device of a solid bowl screw centrifuge for separating multi-phase material with a centrifuge drum rotatable about a longitudinal axis and at least one outlet for discharging a phase of the material from the centrifuge drum. The invention further relates to the use of such an outlet device on a solid bowl centrifuge.

Vollmantelschneckenzentrifugen sind durch eine drehbare Zentrifugentrommel gekennzeichnet, die einen weitestgehend geschlossenen Trommelmantel mit meist waagrechter Rotationsachse bzw. Längsachse aufweist. Die Zentrifugentrommel wird mittels eines Antriebs mit hoher Rotationsgeschwindigkeit gedreht. In den Trommelmantel gelangt zu zentrifugierendes, mehrphasiges Gut in der Regel mittels eines zentral angeordneten Einlaufrohrs. Das mehrphasige Gut wird dann mit dem Drehen der Zentrifugentrommel einer hohen Zentrifugalkraft unterworfen, wodurch es sich innen am Trommelmantel als Teich anlegt. In dem derart zentrifugierten Gut findet eine Phasentrennung statt, wobei vergleichsweise leichtes Gut im Teich als leichte Phase nach radial innen wandert und vergleichsweise schweres Gut als schwere Phase nach radial außen wandert. Die leichte Phase kann radial innen mittels einer Auslassvorrichtung abgeführt werden, während die schwere Phase mittels einer Schnecke aus der Zentrifugentrommel ausgetragen wird.Solid bowl screw centrifuges are characterized by a rotatable centrifuge drum, which has a largely closed drum shell with mostly horizontal axis of rotation or longitudinal axis. The centrifuge drum is rotated at a high rotational speed by means of a drive. As a rule, multi-phase material to be centrifuged gets into the drum jacket by means of a centrally arranged inlet pipe. The multi-phase material is then subjected to a high centrifugal force when the centrifuge drum is rotated, causing it to create a pond on the inside of the drum casing. A phase separation takes place in the material centrifuged in this way, comparatively light material in the pond migrating radially inwards as the light phase and comparatively heavy material migrating radially outwards as the heavy phase. The light phase can be discharged radially on the inside by means of an outlet device, while the heavy phase is discharged from the centrifuge drum by means of a screw.

Aus US 4 052 303 A1 ist eine Auslassvorrichtung einer Siphon-Filterzentrifuge mit einer rotierbaren Trommel und einer parallel zur Trommelwand sich erstreckenden Filterschicht bekannt. Zwischen der Filterschicht und der Trommelwand ist ein Zwischenraum zum Aufnehmen von filtrierter Flüssigkeit vorgesehen. Die Flüssigkeit kann in Abhängigkeit ihres Flüssigkeitspegels mittels einer Drossel gesteuert diskontinuierlich abgelassen werden. Dazu umfasst die Drossel einen radial nach außen sich konisch verjüngenden Auslass, der mit seinem umgebenden Material als Ventilsitz dient und einen zugehörigen dazu komplementär konisch gestalteten Ventilkörper. Der Ventilkörper ist mittels eines Stabes konzentrisch mit einem Schwimmkörper verbunden. Während des Betriebes wird eine zu filtrierende Suspension in die rotierende Trommel eingeleitet, während Zentrifugalkräfte den Ventilkörper gegen den Ventilsitz drängen und damit den Auslass verschließen. Die durch die Filterschicht strömende Flüssigkeit wird im Zwischenraum aufgefangen. Dort steigt der Flüssigkeitspegel solange an, bis er den Schwimmkörper hebt und damit verbunden den Ventilkörper aus dem Auslass zieht. Der Auslass wird freigegeben und die Flüssigkeit kann abfließen.Out US 4,052,303 A1 An outlet device of a siphon filter centrifuge with a rotatable drum and a filter layer extending parallel to the drum wall is known. An intermediate space is provided between the filter layer and the drum wall for receiving filtered liquid. Depending on its liquid level, the liquid can be drained discontinuously by means of a throttle. For this purpose, the throttle comprises a radially outwardly tapering outlet, which serves as a valve seat with its surrounding material, and an associated valve body which is designed to be complementary and conical. The valve body is concentrically connected to a floating body by means of a rod. During operation, a suspension to be filtered is introduced into the rotating drum, while centrifugal forces Push the valve body against the valve seat and thereby close the outlet. The liquid flowing through the filter layer is collected in the intermediate space. The liquid level rises there until it lifts the float and, in turn, pulls the valve body out of the outlet. The outlet is released and the liquid can drain.

Aus DE 625 963 C1 ist ein Schlammauslassventil einer Schleudertrommel bekannt, das in Abhängigkeit von anfallendem Schlamm sich selbsttätig verstellend gestaltet ist. Dazu umfasst das Schlammauslassventil einen Ventilkörper, der konzentrisch in einem Mantelrohr radial verschiebbar gelagert ist. Während des Betriebes verschiebt sich absetzender Schlamm den Ventilkörper innerhalb des Mantelrohrs radial nach innen. Dabei gibt der Ventilkörper eine Öffnung frei und der Schlamm wird aus der Schleudertrommel geschleudert.Out DE 625 963 C1 a sludge outlet valve of a centrifugal drum is known which is designed to be self-adjusting depending on the resulting sludge. For this purpose, the sludge outlet valve comprises a valve body which is mounted concentrically in a radially displaceable manner in a casing tube. During operation, settling sludge shifts the valve body radially inwards within the casing tube. The valve body opens an opening and the sludge is thrown out of the centrifugal drum.

Aus US 3 623 658 A1 ist eine Auslassvorrichtung eines Flüssig-Flüssig-Zentrifugalseparators bekannt, die einen Auslass für leichteres Gut und einen Auslass für schwereres Gut umfasst. Zudem ist eine Regeleinrichtung vorgesehen, die in Abhängigkeit vom Mischverhältnis der zu trennenden Flüssigkeiten und damit von der jeweiligen Lage ihres Grenzspiegels die beiden Auslässe in ihren Querschnitten verändert. Dazu kann die Regeleinrichtung einen im Grenzspiegel gehaltenen Schwimmkörper umfassen. Dieser Schwimmkörper ist mittels zweier Führungsmittel oder mittels eines sich radial erstreckenden Schaftes radial verschiebbar gelagert. Derart gelagert kann sich der Schwimmkörper je nach Lage des Grenzspiegels verschieben.Out US 3,623,658 A1 an outlet device of a liquid-liquid centrifugal separator is known which comprises an outlet for lighter goods and an outlet for heavier goods. In addition, a control device is provided which changes the cross-sections of the two outlets as a function of the mixing ratio of the liquids to be separated and thus of the respective position of their limit mirror. For this purpose, the control device can comprise a floating body held in the boundary mirror. This float is supported by two guide means or by means of a radially extending shaft. The float can be shifted in this way depending on the position of the boundary level.

Aus DE 39 01 311 C1 ist eine Auslassvorrichtung einer Schleudertrommel bekannt, bei der ein abgeschiedener Feststoff mittels eines Drallabflussraums und eines Drosselorgans nach außen zu führen ist. Dabei wird während des Betriebes bei dünnflüssigem Feststoffkonzentrat weniger Feststoff abgezogen als bei dickflüssigem Feststoffkonzentrat. Eine selbsttätige Regelung der Feststoffkonzentration in Abhängigkeit des austretenden Feststoffs ist erreicht. Als Drosselorgan ist eine flexible Membran oder eine radial bewegbare Ventilkugel vorgesehen.Out DE 39 01 311 C1 An outlet device of a centrifugal drum is known, in which a separated solid is to be led to the outside by means of a swirl discharge chamber and a throttle element. Less solid is drawn off during operation in the case of a low-viscosity solid concentrate than in the case of a high-viscosity solid concentrate. Automatic regulation of the solids concentration as a function of the emerging solids has been achieved. A flexible membrane or a radially movable valve ball is provided as the throttle element.

Aus US 3 858 794 A1 ist eine Auslassvorrichtung einer Schneckenzentrifuge bekannt, mit einer am größten Durchmesser einer Zentrifugentrommel angeordneten Reinigungsöffnung. Um die Reinigungsöffnung ist ein Ventilsitz für einen außerhalb der Zentrifugentrommel angeordneten Ventilkörper gebildet, der mittels eines Hebels von überlaufendem, geklärtem Gut während des Betriebes von außerhalb gegen den Ventilsitz gedrängt wird. Wird der Zulauf von zu klärendem Gut unterbrochen, fällt kein überlaufendes Gut mehr an und der Ventilkörper entfernt sich vom Ventilsitz. Damit wird die Reinigungsöffnung automatisch geöffnet und die Trommel entleert sich bei laufender Zentrifuge.Out US 3,858,794 A1 an outlet device of a screw centrifuge is known, with a cleaning opening arranged on the largest diameter of a centrifuge drum. A valve seat for a valve body arranged outside the centrifuge drum is formed around the cleaning opening Lever of overflowing, clarified material is pressed against the valve seat from outside during operation. If the supply of goods to be clarified is interrupted, there is no longer any overflow and the valve body moves away from the valve seat. This opens the cleaning opening automatically and the drum empties when the centrifuge is running.

Zugrundeliegende AufgabeUnderlying task

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vollmantelschneckenzentrifuge zu 25 schaffen, an deren Auslassvorrichtung eine effiziente Rückgewinnung von Antriebsenergie möglich ist.The invention has for its object to provide a solid bowl centrifuge 25, at the outlet device an efficient recovery of drive energy is possible.

Erfindungsgemäße LösungSolution according to the invention

Diese Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß mit einer Auslassvorrichtung einer Vollmantelschneckenzentrifuge zum Trennen von mehrphasigem Gut mit einer um eine Längsachse drehbaren Zentrifugentrommel und mindestens einem Auslass zum Auslassen einer Phase des Gutes aus der Zentrifugentrommel geschaffen, wobei der Auslass mit einer Drossel gestaltet ist, die bei deren Verwendung in Abhängigkeit eines Flüssigkeitspegels des Gutes in der Zentrifugentrommel selbsttätig verstellend gestaltet ist bzw. sich selbsttätig verstellt.This object is achieved according to the invention with an outlet device of a solid-bowl screw centrifuge for separating multiphase material with a centrifuge drum rotatable about a longitudinal axis and at least one outlet for discharging a phase of the material from the centrifuge drum, the outlet being designed with a throttle, which when used in Dependency of a liquid level of the material in the centrifuge drum is designed to be self-adjusting or self-adjusting.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist das am Auslass austretende Gut mittels der Drossel selbsttätig geregelt zurückgehalten und auf diese Weise eine gleichmäßig hohe und zugleich geschlossene Flüssigkeitssäule am Auslass gewährleistet. Damit kann erfindungsgemäß mit variierenden Durchflussmengen für die Vollmantelschneckenzentrifuge gearbeitet und dennoch eine gleichmäßige Teichtiefe bzw. ein gleichmäßiger Flüssigkeitspegel gewährleistet werden. Zugleich ist es nicht erforderlich, z.B. bei besonders hohen Durchsätzen bzw. Durchflussmengen pro Zeiteinheit eine überschüssige Menge an geklärtem Gut ungedrosselt abströmen zu lassen.With the device according to the invention, the material emerging at the outlet is automatically retained in a controlled manner by means of the throttle, and in this way a uniformly high and at the same time closed liquid column at the outlet is ensured. In this way, according to the invention, it is possible to work with varying flow rates for the solid-bowl screw centrifuge and still ensure a uniform pond depth or a uniform liquid level. At the same time, it is not necessary, e.g. to allow an excess amount of clarified material to flow unthrottled at particularly high throughputs or flow rates per unit of time.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Drossel wird aufgrund der damit erzielten Drosselwirkung am Strom des austretenden Gutes darüber hinaus zugleich die Austrittsgeschwindigkeit des Stroms am Auslass erhöht und insbesondere auch damit eine optimale Energierückgewinnung erzielt.With the throttle according to the invention, due to the throttling effect achieved on the flow of the escaping material, the exit velocity of the flow at the outlet is also increased and, in particular, an optimal energy recovery is achieved.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verstellen der Drossel erfolgt mittels eines Schwimmkörpers bzw. Schwimmers, der auf dem Gut schwimmend gestaltet ist. Der Schwimmkörper wirkt also als Regelelement für den Durchsatz bzw. die Durchflussmenge pro Zeiteinheit am Auslass. Der Schwimmkörper wird aufgrund der auch auf ihn wirkenden Zentrifugalkraft nach radial außen gedrängt und schwimmt zugleich auf dem Teich. Er gibt dann bei geringer Teichtiefe den Auslass etwas weniger frei, als wenn er weiter radial innen auf dem zu zentrifugierenden Gut aufschwimmt.The throttle is adjusted according to the invention by means of a floating body or float which is designed to float on the material. The floating body thus acts as a control element for the throughput or the flow rate per unit of time at the outlet. Due to the centrifugal force also acting on it, the floating body is pushed radially outwards and at the same time floats on the pond. It then releases the outlet a little less at a low pond depth than if it floats further radially inwards on the material to be centrifuged.

Der Schwimmkörper ist dabei bei seiner Verwendung erfindungsgemäß schwenkbar an der Zentrifugentrommel gelagert und bewegt mittels seiner Schwenkbewegung insbesondere einen Drosselkörper bzw. eine Drosseleinrichtung am Auslass. Der Drosselkörper und der Schwimmkörper bewirken dabei ein Kräftepaar mit einer Drosselkraft bzw. Staukraft des Drosselkörpers einerseits und einer Auftriebskraft des Schwimmkörpers andererseits. Drosselkraft und Auftriebskraft sind so aufeinander abgestimmt, dass diese beiden Kräfte bei einer vorbestimmten Teichtiefe im Gleichgewicht sind. Bei geringer Teichtiefe überwiegt die Drosselkraft, so dass die Drossel weiter verschlossen wird. Bei größerer Teichtiefe überwiegt die Auftriebskraft, so dass die Drossel weiter geöffnet wird, bis sich eben ein Gleichgewicht einstellt. Besonders bevorzugt ist der Schwimmkörper mit einem nach einer Seite hin offenen Hohlraum gestaltet, wobei diese offene Seite des Hohlraums vorteilhaft zum Teich des mehrphasigen Gutes hin gewandt ist. Aus dem Hohlraum kann dann jegliches Gut aufgrund der auf es wirkenden Zentrifugalkraft frei nach radial außen hin austreten.When used, the floating body is pivotally mounted on the centrifuge drum and, in particular, moves a throttle body or a throttle device at the outlet by means of its pivoting movement. The throttle body and the float cause a pair of forces with a throttle force or ram force of the throttle body on the one hand and a buoyancy force of the float on the other. Throttle force and buoyancy force are coordinated so that these two forces are in equilibrium at a predetermined pond depth. If the pond depth is low, the throttling force predominates, so that the throttle is closed further. At greater pond depth, the buoyancy predominates, so that the throttle is opened further until equilibrium is reached. The floating body is particularly preferably designed with a cavity that is open on one side, this open side of the cavity advantageously facing the pond of the multi-phase material. Any material can then freely emerge radially outward from the cavity due to the centrifugal force acting on it.

Zusätzlich kann das Verstellen der erfindungsgemäßen Drossel vorteilhaft mittels eines Gewichtskörpers erfolgen, welcher der von der Zentrifugentrommel erzeugten Zentrifugalkraft unterworfen ist. Diese Zentrifugalkraft ist, wie die Auftriebskraft des Schwimmkörpers und die Drosselkraft durch den Staudruck, proportional zum Quadrat der Drehzahl, wodurch das Verhältnis der Kräfte zueinander drehzahlunabhängig ist. Die Dimensionierung des Gewichtskörpers ist entsprechend vorteilhaft mit der Dimensionierung eines Schwimmkörpers abgestimmt. Der Gewichtskörper ist vorzugsweise ebenfalls schwenkbar an der Zentrifugentrommel gelagert. Mit dieser schwenkbaren Anordnung ist eine besonders einfache und zugleich betriebssichere Verstellung des Gewichtskörpers und der mit ihm gesteuerten Komponenten gewährleistet.In addition, the throttle according to the invention can advantageously be adjusted by means of a weight body which is subjected to the centrifugal force generated by the centrifuge drum. This centrifugal force, like the buoyancy force of the float and the throttle force due to the dynamic pressure, is proportional to the square of the speed, which means that the ratio of the forces to each other is independent of the speed. The dimensioning of the weight body is accordingly advantageously coordinated with the dimensioning of a floating body. The weight body is preferably also pivotally mounted on the centrifuge drum. This pivotable arrangement ensures a particularly simple and at the same time reliable adjustment of the weight body and the components controlled with it.

Das Verstellen der Drossel ist ferner vorzugsweise mittels eines Drosselkörpers gestaltet, der in einer Auslassöffnung des Auslasses im dort ausströmenden Gut angeordnet ist. Der Drosselkörper verdeckt also einen Teil der Querschnittsfläche der Auslassöffnung und erzeugt somit an dieser eine Querschnittsverengung. Im Bereich der reduzierten Querschnittsfläche wird das austretende bzw. ausströmende Gut aufgestaut und dadurch zurückgehalten. Zugleich wird die Geschwindigkeit des durch die Auslassöffnung ausströmenden Gutes im Vergleich zu dem davor angestauten Gut erhöht. Die Auslassöffnung ist dabei vorzugsweise auf einem Radius angeordnet, der das 1- bis 2-fache, bevorzugt das 1,05- bis 1,6-fache, besonders bevorzugt das 1,1- bis 1,4-fache des Radius des angestrebten Flüssigkeitspegels des Gutes in der Zentrifugentrommel beträgt. Mit dieser Anordnung der Auslassöffnung wird das ausströmende Gut innerhalb einer geschlossenen Flüssigkeitssäule vor der erfindungsgemäßen Drossel nach radial außen an der Zentrifugentrommel geführt und auf diese Weise die zuvor dem Gut zugeführte kinetische Energie zumindest teilweise zurückgewonnen. Der erfindungsgemäße Drosselkörper ist besonders bevorzugt ebenfalls schwenkbar gelagert, wodurch erneut die bereits oben genannten Vorteile einer einfachen, betriebssicheren Verstellung gewährleistet sind.The adjustment of the throttle is also preferably designed by means of a throttle body which is located in an outlet opening of the outlet in the material flowing out there is arranged. The throttle body thus covers part of the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening and thus produces a cross-sectional constriction there. In the area of the reduced cross-sectional area, the emerging or outflowing material is dammed up and thus retained. At the same time, the speed of the material flowing out through the outlet opening is increased in comparison to the material that has been accumulated in front of it. The outlet opening is preferably arranged on a radius that is 1 to 2 times, preferably 1.05 to 1.6 times, particularly preferably 1.1 to 1.4 times the radius of the desired liquid level of the material in the centrifuge drum. With this arrangement of the outlet opening, the outflowing material is guided radially outward on the centrifuge drum within a closed liquid column in front of the throttle according to the invention and in this way the kinetic energy previously supplied to the material is at least partially recovered. The throttle body according to the invention is particularly preferably also pivotally mounted, which again ensures the advantages of simple, reliable adjustment mentioned above.

Dabei ist der erfindungsgemäße Drosselkörper besonders bevorzugt im Bereich der Auslassöffnung kugelförmig gestaltet. Die zumindest teilweise Kugelform des erfindungsgemäßen Drosselkörpers schafft eine widerstandsarme Umströmung des Drosselkörpers von dem Strom an austretendem Gut. Ferner ist mit der Kugelform eine vorteilhafte Abdichtung des Drosselkörpers an einem zugehörigen Dichtsitz möglich, wodurch die zugehörige Auslassöffnung auch insgesamt dichtend verschlossen werden kann. Alternativ ist der erfindungsgemäße Drosselkörper vorteilhaft zumindest abschnittsweise konisch oder zylindrisch gestaltet. Mit diesen Formgebungen ist eine Abdichtung an einer dann ringförmigen Dichtkante des Drosselkörpers an einem zugehörigen Dichtsitz geschaffen.The throttle body according to the invention is particularly preferably spherical in the area of the outlet opening. The at least partially spherical shape of the throttle body according to the invention creates a low-resistance flow around the throttle body from the stream of escaping material. Furthermore, with the spherical shape, an advantageous sealing of the throttle body at an associated sealing seat is possible, as a result of which the associated outlet opening can also be closed in a sealing manner. Alternatively, the throttle body according to the invention is advantageously conical or cylindrical, at least in sections. With these shapes, a seal is created on an then annular sealing edge of the throttle body on an associated sealing seat.

Für das Verstellen des erfindungsgemäßen Drosselkörpers ist dieser vorteilhaft verschiebbar gelagert. Die Verschiebung erfolgt insbesondere vorzugsweise in tangentialer Richtung zu der Rotationsachse bzw. Längsachse der Zentrifugentrommel. In dieser Art der Abstützung ist der Drosselkörper in radialer Richtung, also in Richtung seiner Zentrifugalkräfte, abgestützt und zugleich in tangentialer Richtung verschiebbar. Die Verschiebung ist daher mit besonders wenig und weitgehend stets gleichem Kraftaufwand möglich. Bei der derartigen Verstellung ist der Drosselkörper, wie bereits oben erläutert, besonders vorteilhaft vom Schwimmkörper und/oder Gewichtskörper bewegt.For the adjustment of the throttle body according to the invention, it is advantageously slidably mounted. The displacement is particularly preferably in the tangential direction to the axis of rotation or longitudinal axis of the centrifuge drum. In this type of support, the throttle body is supported in the radial direction, ie in the direction of its centrifugal forces, and at the same time is displaceable in the tangential direction. The shift is therefore possible with particularly little and largely always the same effort. With such an adjustment, the throttle body, as already explained above, is particularly advantageously moved by the floating body and / or weight body.

Alternativ zu einem Drosselkörper in bzw. vor einer Auslassöffnung ist es bei einer vorteilhaften, erfindungsgemäßen Weiterbildung vorgesehen, das Verstellen der Drossel mittels einer Blendenanordnung zu gestalten, die um eine Auslassöffnung des Auslasses herum angeordnet ist. Eine solche Blendenanordnung ermöglicht ein besonders präzises und zugleich über den gesamten Umfang der Auslassöffnung gleichmäßiges Verstellen von deren Öffnungsquerschnittsfläche.As an alternative to a throttle body in or in front of an outlet opening, in an advantageous further development according to the invention it is provided that the throttle is adjusted by means of a diaphragm arrangement which is arranged around an outlet opening of the outlet. Such a diaphragm arrangement enables a particularly precise and at the same time uniform adjustment of the opening cross-sectional area over the entire circumference of the outlet opening.

Für das effektive Rückgewinnen von Energie an der erfindungsgemäßen Auslassvorrichtung ist es ferner von Vorteil, den Auslass mit einer Umlenkeinrichtung zum Umlenken des dort ausströmenden Gutes von der Richtung der Längsachse der Zentrifugentrommel in eine Richtung quer zur Längsachse zu gestalten. Der austretende Strom wird dann quer zur Längsrichtung und im Wesentlichen tangential zu dieser Längsachse derart umgelenkt, dass er beim Verlassen der Zentrifugentrommel seine kinetische Energie als Impuls entgegen deren Drehrichtung an die Zentrifugentrommel abgibt.For the effective recovery of energy at the outlet device according to the invention, it is also advantageous to design the outlet with a deflection device for deflecting the material flowing out from the direction of the longitudinal axis of the centrifuge drum in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis. The emerging stream is then deflected transversely to the longitudinal direction and essentially tangentially to this longitudinal axis in such a way that when it leaves the centrifuge drum it releases its kinetic energy as a pulse to the centrifuge drum in the opposite direction of rotation.

Um dieses gezielte Ausführen des Gutes der leichten Phase weiter zu verbessern, ist der Auslass vorzugsweise mit einer Düseneinrichtung zum Bündeln des dort ausströmenden Gutes zu einem Strahl gestaltet. Das abgeführte Gut wird dann als gebündelter Strahl abgeführt und erzeugt dadurch einen besonders hohen Abstoßimpuls für die Zentrifugentrommel.In order to further improve this targeted execution of the light phase material, the outlet is preferably designed with a nozzle device for bundling the material flowing out there into a jet. The discharged material is then discharged as a bundled jet and thereby generates a particularly high rejection pulse for the centrifuge drum.

Entsprechend der oben genannten Vorteile ist die Erfindung insbesondere auch gezielt auf eine Verwendung einer erfindungsgemäßen Auslassvorrichtung an einer Vollmantelschneckenzentrifuge gerichtet.In accordance with the advantages mentioned above, the invention is also directed in particular to the use of an outlet device according to the invention on a solid-bowl screw centrifuge.

Kurzbeschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Nachfolgend werden Ausführungsbeispiele der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung anhand der beigefügten schematischen Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine Ansicht der Stirnseite einer Zentrifugentrommel einer Vollmantelschneckenzentrifuge mit einer daran angeordneten erfindungsgemäßen Auslassvorrichtung zum Auslassen von Gut aus der Zentrifugentrommel,
Fig. 2
eine vergrößerte Ansicht der Auslassvorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
die Ansicht gemäß Fig. 1 einer alternativen, erfindungsgemäßen Auslassvorrichtung,
Fig. 4
eine vergrößerte Ansicht des Details IV in Fig. 3 eines Auslasses,
Fig. 5
die Ansicht gemäß Fig. 4 eines ersten alternativen, erfindungsgemäßen Auslasses,
Fig. 6
die Ansicht gemäß Fig. 4 eines zweiten alternativen, erfindungsgemäßen Auslasses,
Fig. 7
die Ansicht gemäß Fig. 4 eines dritten alternativen, erfindungsgemäßen Auslasses,
Fig. 8
die Ansicht gemäß Fig. 4 eines vierten alternativen, erfindungsgemäßen Auslasses,
Fig. 9
eine stark vereinfachte Ansicht gemäß Fig. 1 des Funktionsprinzips der dortigen Auslassvorrichtung,
Fig. 10
die Ansicht gemäß Fig. 9 eines ersten alternativen Funktionsprinzips,
Fig. 11
die Ansicht gemäß Fig. 9 eines zweiten alternativen Funktionsprinzips,
Fig. 12
einen Schnitt eines fünften alternativen, erfindungsgemäßen Auslasses,
Fig. 13
den Schnitt XIII - XIII gemäß Fig. 12,
Fig. 14
eine vereinfachte Ansicht eines sechsten alternativen, erfindungsgemäßen Auslasses,
Fig. 15
den Schnitt XV - XV in Fig. 3 und
Fig. 16
den Schnitt gemäß Fig. 15 einer alternativen, erfindungsgemäßen Auslassvorrichtung.
Exemplary embodiments of the solution according to the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the attached schematic drawings. It shows:
Fig. 1
2 shows a view of the end face of a centrifuge drum of a solid-bowl screw centrifuge with an outlet device according to the invention arranged thereon for discharging material from the centrifuge drum,
Fig. 2
an enlarged view of the outlet device according to Fig. 1 .
Fig. 3
the view according to Fig. 1 an alternative outlet device according to the invention,
Fig. 4
an enlarged view of detail IV in Fig. 3 an outlet,
Fig. 5
the view according to Fig. 4 a first alternative outlet according to the invention,
Fig. 6
the view according to Fig. 4 a second alternative outlet according to the invention,
Fig. 7
the view according to Fig. 4 a third alternative outlet according to the invention,
Fig. 8
the view according to Fig. 4 a fourth alternative outlet according to the invention,
Fig. 9
a greatly simplified view according to Fig. 1 the functional principle of the outlet device there,
Fig. 10
the view according to Fig. 9 a first alternative operating principle,
Fig. 11
the view according to Fig. 9 a second alternative operating principle,
Fig. 12
3 shows a section of a fifth alternative outlet according to the invention,
Fig. 13
the section XIII - XIII according Fig. 12 .
Fig. 14
2 shows a simplified view of a sixth alternative outlet according to the invention,
Fig. 15
the section XV - XV in Fig. 3 and
Fig. 16
the cut according to Fig. 15 an alternative outlet device according to the invention.

Detaillierte Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDetailed description of the embodiment

In Fig. 1 ist eine Stirnwand bzw. Stirnseite 10 einer Zentrifugentrommel gezeigt, die gemäß der herkömmlichen Bauart einer Vollmantelschneckenzentrifuge in ihrem Inneren eine (nicht dargestellte) Zentrifugenschnecke aufnimmt. Die Zentrifugentrommel ist um eine Längsachse 12 mit hoher Drehzahl in eine Drehrichtung 14 drehbar.In Fig. 1 an end wall or end face 10 of a centrifuge drum is shown which, according to the conventional design of a solid bowl centrifuge, accommodates a centrifuge screw (not shown) in its interior. The centrifuge drum can be rotated about a longitudinal axis 12 at high speed in a direction of rotation 14.

An der Stirnseite 10 der Zentrifugentrommel sind sechs jeweils kreisrunde Stirnwandöffnungen 16 über einen Kreis mit einem Radius 18 um die Längsachse 12 herum gleichmäßig beabstandet angeordnet. Die Stirnwandöffnungen 16 dienen zum Abführen bzw. Auslassen von geklärtem Gut 20 einer leichten Phase aus der Zentrifugentrommel. Das Gut 20 bildet in der Zentrifugentrommel einen Teich bzw. einen Flüssigkeitsring innenseitig an deren Trommelmantel. Dabei weist der Teich einen Radius bzw. Flüssigkeitspegel 22 auf, der im Wesentlichen vom Durchsatz an zu klärendem Gut 20 in der Zentrifugentrommel abhängig ist. Wird viel zu klärendes Gut 20 in die Zentrifugentrommel pro Zeiteinheit zugeführt, aber nur wenig geklärtes Gut 20 der leichten Phase pro Zeiteinheit abgeführt, so steigt der Flüssigkeitspegel 22 bzw. der zugehörige Radius wird kleiner. Wird verhältnismäßig mehr Gut 20 abgeführt, so sinkt der Flüssigkeitspegel 22. Der Flüssigkeitspegel 22 hängt dabei natürlich auch von der Menge an pro Zeiteinheit abgeführtem Gut 20 der schweren Phase aus der Zentrifugentrommel ab, was hier aber nicht weiter thematisiert werden soll. Der Flüssigkeitspegel 22 entspricht in der Regel etwa dem Radius 18, so dass die Stirnwandöffnungen 16 in radialer Richtung betrachtet von dem abströmenden Gut 20 etwa im Bereich ihrer breitesten Erstreckung durchströmt werden.On the end face 10 of the centrifuge drum, six respectively circular end wall openings 16 are evenly spaced about a circle with a radius 18 around the longitudinal axis 12. The end wall openings 16 serve for the removal or discharge of clarified material 20 of a light phase from the centrifuge drum. The material 20 forms a pond or a liquid ring on the inside of the drum shell in the centrifuge drum. The pond has a radius or liquid level 22 which is essentially dependent on the throughput of material 20 to be clarified in the centrifuge drum. If a lot of material 20 to be clarified is fed into the centrifuge drum per unit of time, but only a little clarified material 20 of the light phase is removed per unit of time, the liquid level 22 increases or the associated radius becomes smaller. If relatively more material 20 is removed, the liquid level 22 drops. The liquid level 22 naturally also depends on the amount of material 20 of the heavy phase removed per unit of time from the centrifuge drum, which should not be discussed here. The liquid level 22 generally corresponds approximately to the radius 18, so that the end wall openings 16, viewed in the radial direction, flow through the outflowing material 20 approximately in the region of their widest extent.

Vor jeder der Stirnwandöffnungen 16 ist außenseitig an der Stirnseite 10 der Zentrifugentrommel eine Auslassvorrichtung 24 angebracht. Jede Auslassvorrichtung 24 ist mit einem schalenförmigen Gehäuse 26 gestaltet, das zur zugehörigen Stirnwandöffnung 16 hin offen, nach (axial und radial) außen hin aber ansonsten im Wesentlichen geschlossen ist. Die Schalenform des Gehäuses 26 ist dabei so gestaltet, dass das Gut 20 aus dem Inneren der Zentrifugentrommel durch die Stirnwandöffnung 16 axial nach außen strömen kann, dort aber dann zunächst von dem Gehäuse 26 zurückgehalten ist. Das Gehäuse 26 ist dazu mittels zweier Schrauben 28 ortsfest und fluiddicht an der Stirnseite 10 befestigt. Im Gehäuse 26 sind dabei zwei Bohrungen für die Schrauben 28 ausgebildet. Alternativ zu diesen Bohrungen können im Gehäuse 26 auch (im Wesentlichen radial ausgerichtete) Langlöcher vorgesehen sein, mittels denen das Gehäuse 26 an der Stirnseite 10 der Zentrifugentrommel radial verstellbar angebracht werden kann.In front of each of the end wall openings 16, an outlet device 24 is attached on the outside on the end side 10 of the centrifuge drum. Each outlet device 24 is designed with a bowl-shaped housing 26 which is open towards the associated end wall opening 16, but is otherwise essentially closed towards the outside (axially and radially). The shell shape of the housing 26 is designed such that the material 20 can flow axially outwards from the interior of the centrifuge drum through the end wall opening 16, but is then initially retained there by the housing 26. For this purpose, the housing 26 is attached to the end face 10 in a stationary and fluid-tight manner by means of two screws 28. Two bores for the screws 28 are formed in the housing 26. As an alternative to these bores, (essentially radially aligned) elongated holes can also be provided in the housing 26, by means of which the housing 26 can be attached to the end face 10 of the centrifuge drum in a radially adjustable manner.

In dem Gehäuse 26 befindet sich radial außen vom Flüssigkeitspegel 22 ein von einer Auslassöffnung 30 gebildeter Auslass 32, mittels dem das geklärte Gut 20 aus dem Gehäuse 26 nach außen hin in die Umgebung der Zentrifugentrommel gezielt abgeführt werden kann. Die Auslassöffnung 30 ist eine kreisrunde Durchgangsöffnung bzw. Bohrung im Gehäuse 26, deren Durchlassrichtung 34 in tangentialer Richtung und quer zur Längsachse 12 gerichtet ist. Die Auslassöffnung 30 ist auf einem Radius angeordnet, der das 1,1-fache bis 1,4-fache, insbesondere 1,2-fache bis 1,3-fache des Radius des angestrebten Flüssigkeitspegels 22 des Gutes 20 in der Zentrifugentrommel beträgt. Das Gehäuse 26 bildet dadurch zusammen mit der Auslassöffnung 30 eine Umlenkeinrichtung zum Umlenken des dort ausströmenden Gutes 20 von der Richtung der Längsachse 12 der Zentrifugentrommel in eine Richtung quer zur Längsachse 12.Located in the housing 26 radially outside of the liquid level 22 is an outlet 32 formed by an outlet opening 30, by means of which the clarified material 20 can be selectively discharged from the housing 26 to the outside in the vicinity of the centrifuge drum. The outlet opening 30 is a circular through opening or bore in the housing 26, the passage direction 34 of which is directed in the tangential direction and transversely to the longitudinal axis 12. The outlet opening 30 is arranged on a radius that is 1.1 times to 1.4 times, in particular 1.2 times to 1.3 times the radius of the desired liquid level 22 of the material 20 in the centrifuge drum. The housing 26 thus forms, together with the outlet opening 30, a deflection device for deflecting the material 20 flowing out there from the direction of the longitudinal axis 12 of the centrifuge drum in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis 12.

In Strömungsrichtung vor der Auslassöffnung 30 befindet sich im Inneren des Gehäuses 26 ein gemäß den Fig. 1 bis 5 kugelförmiger Drosselkörper 36. Der Drosselkörper 36 bildet an der Auslassöffnung 30 eine verstellbare Drossel 38, mittels der der Durchlass von abströmendem, geklärtem Gut 20 durch die Auslassöffnung 30 gedrosselt werden kann. Dazu kann der Drosselkörper 36 nah bzw. näher an die Auslassöffnung 30 herangeführt oder weit bzw. weiter von dieser entfernt werden, so dass sich an der Auslassöffnung 30 ein ringförmiger Drosselspalt 40 ergibt, durch den hindurch das ausströmende Gut 20 sich hindurchbewegen muss. Je nach Breite des Drosselspalts 40 ist dessen Querschnittsfläche entsprechend größer oder kleiner und damit auch der Strömungswiderstand für das ausströmende Gut 20 kleiner bzw. größer.In the flow direction in front of the outlet opening 30 there is an inside of the housing 26 according to FIGS 1 to 5 spherical throttle body 36. The throttle body 36 forms an adjustable throttle 38 at the outlet opening 30, by means of which the passage of outflowing, clarified material 20 through the outlet opening 30 can be throttled. For this purpose, the throttle body 36 can be brought close or closer to the outlet opening 30 or far or further away therefrom, so that an annular throttle gap 40 results at the outlet opening 30, through which the outflowing material 20 must move. Depending on the width of the throttle gap 40, its cross-sectional area is correspondingly larger or smaller and thus also the flow resistance for the outflowing material 20 is smaller or larger.

Das Steuern der Größe der Drosselöffnung der Drossel 38 und insbesondere der Breite des Drosselspalts 40 erfolgt bei den Ausführungsbeispielen gemäß Fig. 1 bis 3 mittels eines Schwimmerkörpers 42 und eines Gewichtskörpers 44, die gemeinsam mit dem Drosselkörper 36 an einem Hebel 46 um eine Drehachse 48 drehbar bzw. schwenkbar im Inneren des Gehäuses 26 gelagert sind.The control of the size of the throttle opening of the throttle 38 and in particular the width of the throttle gap 40 takes place in the exemplary embodiments according to 1 to 3 by means of a float body 42 and a weight body 44, which are mounted together with the throttle body 36 on a lever 46 so as to be rotatable or pivotable in the interior of the housing 26 about an axis of rotation 48.

Die Drehachse 48 ist als ein Stift gestaltet, der innenseitig am Gehäuse 26 sich in Richtung der Längsachse 12 erstreckend ortsfest angebracht ist.The axis of rotation 48 is designed as a pin which is attached to the inside of the housing 26 in a stationary manner, extending in the direction of the longitudinal axis 12.

Der Schwimmkörper 42 ist mittels einer innen hohlen Schale 50 gebildet, welche auf dem Gut 20 am Flüssigkeitspegel 22 aufschwimmt. Die Schalenform ist bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 1 und 2 in Richtung zum Mittelpunkt der Zentrifugentrommel hin geöffnet, während sie bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 3 in Richtung zur Trommelwand bzw. zum Teich hin geöffnet ist. Mit dieser Ausgestaltung tritt jegliches Gut 20 aus dem Inneren der Schale 50 aufgrund der Zentrifugalkraft in den Teich nach radial außen über und es kann sich kein Gut 20 in der Schale 50 sammeln. Mit steigendem Flüssigkeitspegel 22 bewegt sich der Schwimmkörper 42 nach radial innen, wodurch er den Drosselkörper 36 aufgrund der um die Drehachse 46 wirkenden Hebelverbindung von der Auslassöffnung 30 wegbewegt und einen vergrößerten Drosselspalt 40 freigibt.The floating body 42 is formed by means of an internally hollow shell 50 which floats on the material 20 at the liquid level 22. The shell shape is according to the embodiment Fig. 1 and 2 opened towards the center of the centrifuge drum, while in the embodiment according to Fig. 3 is opened towards the drum wall or the pond. With this configuration, any good 20 passes from the inside of the shell 50 to the outside radially due to the centrifugal force and no good 20 can collect in the shell 50. With increasing liquid level 22, the floating body 42 moves radially inward, as a result of which it moves the throttle body 36 away from the outlet opening 30 due to the lever connection acting around the axis of rotation 46 and releases an enlarged throttle gap 40.

Der Gewichtskörper 44 ist mittels einer Schraube 52 und mehreren Scheiben 54 gestaltet, die mittels der Schraube 52 am Hebel 46 ortsfest angebracht sind. Die Schraube 52 unterliegt zusammen mit den Scheiben 54 beim Betrieb der zugehörigen Vollmantelschneckenzentrifuge der Zentrifugalkraft derart, dass sie nach radial außen gedrängt werden und somit den Schwimmkörper 42 beim Öffnen der Drossel 38 unterstützen. Durch Variation der Anzahl der Scheiben 54 kann das Gewicht des Gewichtskörpers 44 verändert werden, und damit der Flüssigkeitspegel 22, bei dem sich ein Gleichgewicht an der Drossel 38 einstellt. An der Drehachse 48 ergibt sich damit ein Kräftegleichgewicht zwischen einer von dem Gewichtskörper 44 sowie der Schale 50 erzeugten Fliehkraft bzw. Zentrifugalkraft 56 und einer Auftriebskraft 58 des Schwimmkörpers 42. Diese beiden Kräfte 56 und 58 bestimmen, wie weit die Drossel 38 geöffnet oder geschlossen wird. Auf diese Weise wird erfindungemäß der jeweils optimale Durchtrittsquerschnitt an dem Drosselspalt 40 eingestellt und eine effektive Verdüsung des ausströmenden Gutes 20 auch bei unterschiedlichen Durchsätzen erzielt. An der Auslassvorrichtung 24 wird also die dortige Auslassöffnung 30 automatisch, variabel und drehzahlunabhängig angedrosselt. Dabei ist in Strömungsrichtung des Gutes 20 vor der Auslassöffnung 30 eine geschlossene Flüssigkeitssäule von Gut 20 vorhanden, die einen entsprechenden hydraulischen Druck zum Ausdüsen des Gutes 20 durch die Auslassöffnung 30 erzeugt. Dieses Ausdüsen erfolgt im Wesentlichen tangential entgegen der Drehrichtung 14 der zugehörigen Zentrifugentrommel und erzeugt damit für diese einen Rückstoß, aufgrund dessen Antriebsenergie für das Drehen der Zentrifugentrommel eingespart wird.The weight body 44 is designed by means of a screw 52 and a plurality of disks 54, which are fixedly attached to the lever 46 by means of the screw 52. The screw 52, together with the disks 54, is subject to the centrifugal force during operation of the associated solid-bowl screw centrifuge in such a way that they are pushed radially outward and thus support the floating body 42 when the throttle 38 is opened. By varying the number of disks 54, the weight of the weight body 44 can be changed, and thus the liquid level 22, at which an equilibrium is established at the throttle 38. At the axis of rotation 48 there is a balance of forces between a centrifugal force 56 or centrifugal force 56 generated by the weight body 44 and the shell 50 and a buoyancy force 58 of the floating body 42. These two forces 56 and 58 determine how far the throttle 38 is opened or closed , In this way, according to the invention, the optimum passage cross section is set at the throttle gap 40 and an effective atomization of the outflowing material 20 is achieved even at different throughputs. The outlet opening 30 on the outlet device 24 is thus throttled automatically, variably and independently of the speed. Here, in the flow direction of the material 20, a closed liquid column of material 20 is present in front of the outlet opening 30, which generates a corresponding hydraulic pressure for spraying the material 20 through the outlet opening 30. This spraying takes place essentially tangentially against the direction of rotation 14 of the associated centrifuge drum and thus generates a recoil for the latter, which saves drive energy for rotating the centrifuge drum.

Die Fig. 4 bis 8 zeigen verschiedene Ausführungsformen von Auslassöffnungen 30 und zugehörigen Drosselkörpern 36. Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 4 ist die Auslassöffnung 30 durch die zugehörige Wandung des Gehäuses 26 hindurch zylindrisch, insbesondere kreiszylindrisch gestaltet. Gemäß Fig. 5 ist die Auslassöffnung 30 an einem zum Drosselkörper 36 gewandten Abschnitt konisch gestaltet, wobei, wie oben bereits erwähnt, jeweils der Drosselkörper 36 kugelförmig gestaltet ist. Gemäß Fig. 6 ist an einer abschnittsweise konischen Auslassöffnung 30 ein zylindrischer Drosselkörper 36 angeordnet und gemäß Fig. 7 sind sowohl die Auslassöffnung 30 als auch der Drosselkörper 36 konisch gestaltet. Mit der konischen Form der Auslassöffnung 30 bildet diese am Auslass 32 insbesondere eine Düseneinrichtung zum Bündeln des dort ausströmenden Gutes 20 zu einem Strahl. Die Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 8 ist schließlich mit einer zylindrischen Auslassöffnung 30 und einem konischen, spitzen Drosselkörper 36 gestaltet.The 4 to 8 show different embodiments of outlet openings 30 and associated throttle bodies 36. In the embodiment according to Fig. 4 the outlet opening 30 is cylindrical, in particular circular cylindrical, through the associated wall of the housing 26. According to Fig. 5 the outlet opening 30 is conical at a section facing the throttle body 36, wherein, as already mentioned above, the throttle body 36 in each case is designed spherical. According to Fig. 6 a cylindrical throttle body 36 is arranged at a sectionally conical outlet opening 30 and according to FIG Fig. 7 Both the outlet opening 30 and the throttle body 36 are conical. With the conical shape of the outlet opening 30, it forms in particular a nozzle device at the outlet 32 for bundling the material 20 flowing out there into a jet. The embodiment according to Fig. 8 is finally designed with a cylindrical outlet opening 30 and a conical, pointed throttle body 36.

In Fig. 9 ist das funktionale Wirkprinzip der am Hebel 46 wirkenden Zentrifugalkraft 56 sowie Auftriebskraft 58 nochmals vereinfacht veranschaulicht. Fig. 10 zeigt ein alternatives Funktionsprinzip, bei dem ein Drosselkörper 36 hydraulisch bewegt bzw. verstellt wird. Dazu ist der Drosselkörper 36 in einer ersten Kammer 60 vor der Auslassöffnung 30 im Wesentlichen tangential zur Längsachse 12 als ein Zylinder verschiebbar gelagert. Das von der Auslassöffnung 30 wegzeigende, stirnseitige Ende bzw. die Stirnseite 62 des derartigen zylindrischen Drosselkörpers 36 ist von einer zweiten, in sich geschlossenen Kammer 64 umgeben, in der sich eine ebenfalls der Zentrifugalkraft 56 ausgesetzte Flüssigkeit 65 befindet. Die zweite Kammer 64 ist zur ersten Kammer 60 hin mittels einer Trennwand 66 abschottet, die der zylinderförmige Drosselkörper 36 fluiddicht abgedichtet durchsetzt. Auf die in der zweiten Kammer 64 vorhandene Flüssigkeit 65 wirkt entsprechend die Zentrifugalkraft 56 derart, dass die Flüssigkeit 65 gegen die Stirnseite 62 des Drosselkörpers 36 gedrückt wird, um diesen in Richtung zur Auslassöffnung 30 hin zu drängen. Zugleich wirkt an der Auslassöffnung 30 die hydraulische Kraft des dort ausströmenden Gutes 20, welches ebenfalls der Zentrifugalkraft 56 unterliegt, wodurch der Drosselkörper 36 von der Auslassöffnung 30 weggedrängt und bei entsprechendem Kräfteverhältnis ein Drosselspalt 40 freigegeben wird.In Fig. 9 the functional principle of action of the centrifugal force 56 acting on the lever 46 and the buoyancy force 58 is again illustrated in a simplified manner. Fig. 10 shows an alternative functional principle in which a throttle body 36 is moved or adjusted hydraulically. For this purpose, the throttle body 36 is mounted in a first chamber 60 in front of the outlet opening 30, essentially tangentially to the longitudinal axis 12, as a cylinder. The end face or the end face 62 of the cylindrical throttle body 36 pointing away from the outlet opening 30 is surrounded by a second, self-contained chamber 64 in which there is a liquid 65 which is also exposed to the centrifugal force 56. The second chamber 64 is partitioned off from the first chamber 60 by means of a partition 66 through which the cylindrical throttle body 36 passes in a fluid-tight manner. The centrifugal force 56 accordingly acts on the liquid 65 present in the second chamber 64 in such a way that the liquid 65 is pressed against the end face 62 of the throttle body 36 in order to urge it towards the outlet opening 30. At the same time acts on the outlet opening 30, the hydraulic force of the material 20 flowing out there, which is also subject to the centrifugal force 56, whereby the throttle body 36 is pushed away from the outlet opening 30 and a throttle gap 40 is released with a corresponding force ratio.

In Fig. 11 ist eine Ausführungsform veranschaulicht, bei der der zugehörige, ebenfalls zylindrische Drosselkörper 36 auch in einer Kammer 60 vor der Auslassöffnung 30 fluiddicht mittels einer Trennwand 66 tangential verschiebbar geführt ist. Dabei wirkt auf die Stirnseite 62 des Drosselkörpers 36 nicht ein hydraulischer Druck, sondern die Kraft eines Gewichtskörpers 44. Der Gewichtskörper 44 ist dazu an der von der Auslassöffnung 30 abgewandten Seite der Trennwand 66 an dieser mittels einer Schwenkachse bzw. Drehachse 48 derart gelagert, dass die auf ihn wirkende Zentrifugalkraft 56 in tangentialer Richtung umgelenkt wird.In Fig. 11 An embodiment is illustrated in which the associated, likewise cylindrical throttle body 36 is also guided in a fluid-tight manner in a chamber 60 in front of the outlet opening 30 in a fluid-tight manner by means of a partition 66. In this case, not a hydraulic pressure acts on the end face 62 of the throttle body 36, but rather the force of a weight body 44. For this purpose, the weight body 44 is supported on the side of the partition 66 facing away from the outlet opening 30 by means of a pivot axis or axis of rotation 48 such that the centrifugal force 56 acting on it is deflected in the tangential direction.

Mit den Fig. 12 und 13 ist eine Ausführungsform veranschaulicht, bei der der Drosselkörper 36 nicht in tangentialer Richtung sondern in radialer Richtung geführt ist. Der Drosselkörper 36 ragt dabei in die Auslassöffnung 30 hinein und verschließt diese teilweise. Das Verstellen des Drosselkörpers 36 erfolgt dabei ebenfalls mittels eines (hier nicht dargestellten) Schwimmkörpers 42 und gegebenenfalls eines (hier nicht dargestellten) Gewichtskörpers 44.With the 12 and 13 An embodiment is illustrated in which the throttle body 36 is guided not in the tangential direction but in the radial direction. The throttle body 36 projects into the outlet opening 30 and partially closes it. The throttle body 36 is also adjusted by means of a floating body 42 (not shown here) and optionally a weight body 44 (not shown here).

Gemäß Fig. 14 ist die Drossel 38 schließlich mit Hilfe einer Blendenanordnung 68 gestaltet, die radial außen um die Auslassöffnung 30 herum angeordnet ist. Die Blendeanordnung 68 ist mit insgesamt sechs Blendensicheln 70 gebildet, die in regelmäßigen Abständen um die Auslassöffnung 30 herum angeordnet sind und nach radial innen bzw. nach radial außen verstellbar sind, um die durchströmbare Fläche der Auslassöffnung 30 zu verkleinern bzw. zu vergrößern. Das Verstellen der Blendensicheln 70 erfolgt dabei ebenfalls mittels eines (hier nicht dargestellten) Schwimmkörpers 42 und/oder Gewichtskörpers 44.According to Fig. 14 the throttle 38 is finally designed with the aid of a diaphragm arrangement 68 which is arranged radially on the outside around the outlet opening 30. The diaphragm arrangement 68 is formed with a total of six diaphragm sickles 70, which are arranged at regular intervals around the outlet opening 30 and can be adjusted radially inwards or radially outwards in order to reduce or enlarge the area through which the outlet opening 30 can flow. The adjustment of the aperture crescent 70 is also carried out by means of a floating body 42 and / or weight body 44 (not shown here).

In Fig. 16 ist eine Ausführungsform dargestellt, bei der im Gegensatz zur Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 15 zwischen dem Inneren der Zentrifugentrommel und der Kammer 60 eine Wehrplatte 72 angeordnet ist. Die Wehrplatte 72 befindet sich an der Außenseite der Stirnwand 10 und hält dort das Gut 20 derart zurück, dass nur weitestgehend geklärte bzw. reine flüssige Phase über die Wehrplatte 72 hinweg in die Kammer 60 und weiter durch die Auslassöffnung 30 strömen kann.In Fig. 16 An embodiment is shown in which, in contrast to the embodiment according to Fig. 15 a weir plate 72 is arranged between the inside of the centrifuge drum and the chamber 60. The weir plate 72 is located on the outside of the end wall 10 and retains the material 20 there in such a way that only largely clarified or pure liquid phase can flow over the weir plate 72 into the chamber 60 and further through the outlet opening 30.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1010
Stirnseite einer ZentrifugentrommelFront of a centrifuge drum
1212
Längsachselongitudinal axis
1414
Drehrichtungdirection of rotation
1616
StirnwandöffnungFront wall opening
1818
Radiusradius
2020
GutGood
2222
Flüssigkeitspegelliquid level
2424
Auslassvorrichtungoutlet device
2626
Gehäusecasing
2828
Schraubescrew
3030
Auslassöffnungoutlet
3232
Auslassoutlet
3434
Durchlassrichtung der AuslassöffnungDirection of passage of the outlet opening
3636
Drosselkörperthrottle body
3838
Drosselthrottle
4040
Drosselspaltthrottle gap
4242
Schwimmkörperfloat
4444
Gewichtskörperbody weight
4646
Hebellever
4848
Drehachseaxis of rotation
5050
SchaleBowl
5252
Schraubescrew
5454
Scheibedisc
5656
Zentrifugalkraftcentrifugal
5858
Auftriebskraftbuoyancy
6060
erste Kammerfirst chamber
6262
Stirnseitefront
6464
zweite Kammersecond chamber
6565
Flüssigkeitliquid
6666
Trennwandpartition wall
6868
Blendenanordnungdiaphragm arrangement
7070
Blendensicheldazzle sickle
7272
Wehrplatteweir plate

Claims (9)

  1. An outlet device (24) of a solid bowl screw centrifuge for separating a multiphase material (20) by means of a centrifuge drum rotatable about a longitudinal axis, wherein the outlet device (24) comprises at least one outlet (32) for letting out one phase of the material (20) from the centrifuge drum, and the outlet (32) is configured with a throttle (38) which is configured to be adjustable in a self-acting manner during its use in dependence on a liquid level (22) of the material (20) in the centrifuge drum, and the adjustment of the throttle (38) is controlled by means of a floating body (42) configured to be floating on the material (20),
    characterized in that the floating body (42) is mounted to the centrifuge drum to be pivotable during its use.
  2. The outlet device according to claim 1,
    in which the adjustment of the throttle (38) is controlled by means of a weight body (44) subjected to a centrifugal force (56) generated by the centrifuge drum.
  3. The outlet device according to any one of claims 1 to 2,
    in which the adjustment of the throttle (38) is performed by means of a throttle body (36) arranged in an outlet opening (30) of the outlet (32) in the material (20) flowing out there.
  4. The outlet device according to claim 3,
    in which the throttle body (36) is configured to be ball-shaped in the area of the outlet opening (30).
  5. The outlet device according to claim 3 or 4,
    in which the throttle body (36) is mounted to be displaceable.
  6. The outlet device according to any one of claims 1 to 2,
    in which the adjustment of the throttle (38) is performed by means of a bezel arrangement (68) arranged around an outlet opening (30) of the outlet (32).
  7. The outlet device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
    in which the outlet (32) is configured with a deflecting means for deflecting the material (20) flowing out there from the direction of the longitudinal axis (12) of the centrifuge drum to a direction transversely to the longitudinal axis (12).
  8. The outlet device according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
    in which the outlet (32) is configured with a nozzle means for bundling the material (20) flowing out there to a jet.
  9. Use of an outlet device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 on a solid bowl screw centrifuge.
EP14197610.0A 2014-01-31 2014-12-12 Outlet device of a solid bowl screw centrifuge Active EP2902112B1 (en)

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DE102013001436A1 (en) * 2013-01-29 2014-07-31 Flottweg Se Solid bowl centrifuge with a weir edge
EP2789395B2 (en) * 2013-04-08 2019-11-06 Flottweg SE Solid bowl screw centrifuge with an energy recovery device
DE102014101205B4 (en) * 2014-01-31 2021-08-05 Flottweg Se Outlet device of a solid bowl screw centrifuge
DE102014104296A1 (en) * 2014-03-27 2015-10-01 Flottweg Se Outlet device of a solid bowl screw centrifuge
CN107952594B (en) * 2017-11-21 2019-06-04 海南出入境检验检疫局检验检疫技术中心 A kind of centrifuge overflow regulating mechanism for food inspection
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DE102014101205B4 (en) 2021-08-05
US20150217303A1 (en) 2015-08-06
EP2902112A1 (en) 2015-08-05
US10293347B2 (en) 2019-05-21
DE102014101205A1 (en) 2015-08-06
DK2902112T3 (en) 2020-04-14

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