EP2899089B1 - Sliding door module for a rail vehicle with a plurality of over-centre locks coupled with a bowden cable - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a sliding door module for a rail vehicle, comprising a door which is movable in a Ausstellrichtung and a sliding direction, and a first acting in Ausstellrichtung the door leaf over-center interlock.

Such an arrangement is known in principle. For example, the EP 1 314 626 B1 to a sliding door for vehicles with at least one sliding in its longitudinal direction door leaf, which is suspended in a support guide and slidably guided. The carrying guide can be moved together with the door leaf from a closed position into a displaced position, in which the door leaf lies outside in front of the vehicle wall. The arrangement is such that the support guide device in the closed position in a dead center, so that the door can not be opened by pressing from inside. The guidance and support of the door leaf takes place in the region of the lower edge via roller guides, which are each connected to a arranged on a vertically arranged in the door frame rotary column first pivot lever. At its upper end, the rotary column carries a second pivoting lever, which is connected via a connecting rod with the carrying guide, so that a displacement of the carrying guide causes a rotational movement of the rotary column. In the swing door module according to US 5,483,769 A are a first, above arranged acting in Ausstellrichtung of the door over-center interlock and a second, arranged below in Ausstellrichtung of the door acting over-center interlock connected by a rotary column.

The disadvantage is that the door is fixed insufficiently in the lower area and therefore can be pressed out there in the closed position. Smaller items could therefore fall out of the vehicle despite the over-center lock of the carrier. At least pressure fluctuations in tunnel entrances and train encounters can lead to leaks or excessive noise when the door is lifted off the gasket and thus - at least in the short term - a direct connection between train interior and exterior space is created. In any case, this affects the subjective feeling of safety of the passengers and also reduces the driving comfort. In addition, the rotary column requires a relatively large amount of space and limits the passage width of the sliding door under some circumstances.

An object of the invention is therefore to provide an improved swing door module. In particular, the door should remain in its closed position, even with very different effects on this fitting to the seal. In addition, a passage width of the sliding door should not be restricted if possible.

The object of the invention is achieved with a sliding sliding door module, which has the features of claim 1.

In this way, the door is held not only in one position by means of a Übertotpunktverriegelung in one position but also at a second position. As a result, the door leaf remains in its closed position even with a wide variety of actions on this fitting to the seal. The subjective sense of security of the passengers and their driving comfort are thus improved. Also, small items can not fall off the train. Alternatively or in addition to locking in the closed position, the first and second over-center interlock can also be effective in the open position. In addition, can be avoided by the use of a Bowden cable a rotary column and thus the passage width at the same installation width of the sliding door module can be increased. Another advantage is given by the fact that the Übertotpunktverriegelungen do not have to be aligned in or on an axis, as is the case for example when using a rotary column.

Further advantageous embodiments and modifications of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and from the description in conjunction with the figures. It is favorable if a Bowden cable core consists of metal, in particular of a steel wire or a wire rope. As a result, high forces can be transmitted. It is also favorable if a Bowden cable core is made of plastic. As a result, problems with corrosion can be avoided and even tight bending radii can be realized. In addition, the friction in the operation of such a Bowden cable is low. It is also conceivable, in particular, for a Bowden cable core of metal to be encased with plastic in order to achieve, on the one hand, good corrosion protection and, on the other hand, low friction coefficients. In this context It is advantageous if the metallic Bowdenzugseele example, with Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene, short PTFE) is sheathed.

It is favorable if the Bowden cable is designed as a hydraulic Bowden cable and comprises two hydraulically connected hydraulic cylinders. As a result, a friction occurring during operation of the Bowden cable can be kept low. In particular, particularly tight bending radii or even angular line courses can be realized with a hydraulic Bowden cable. Upon actuation, the piston of the driving hydraulic cylinder shifts the liquid contained in the conduit and thereby also moves the piston of the driven hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinders can be connected in a conventional manner, for example by means of metallic pipes and / or hydraulic hoses. As a hydraulic medium is particularly suitable hydraulic oil.

It is advantageous if the pistons of the hydraulic cylinders have the same effective area. In this way, the movement of the driving piston is simultaneously transmitted to the driven piston.

It is also favorable if the pistons of the hydraulic cylinders have a different sized effective area. In this way, a gear ratio between the movement of the driving piston and the driven piston can be achieved. Mechanical transmission and / or linkage to achieve different strong movements at the ends of the Bowden cable can therefore be omitted.

It is particularly advantageous if the coupling between the first over-center interlock and the second over-center interlock has a damping element. In this way, the two Übertotpunktverriegelungen can be decoupled in terms of their dynamic behavior or vibration behavior. Dynamic influences occurring on a rail vehicle, in particular oscillations, can in themselves lead to an over-center interlock overcoming the dead center and a door suddenly jumping open. Especially at high speeds, this can lead to dangerous situations, in the worst case to injury or even the death of passengers. By means of the aforementioned damper, however, it is now possible for one of the two over-center interlocks to remain closed, even if the other one - triggered by dynamic phenomena - springs open. The door therefore remains closed even if one of the over-center interlocks overcomes the dead center. The safety of passengers is thus significantly increased.

It is advantageous if the damping element is designed as a linear damper. For example, the Bowden cable is separated in its course, and a linear damper is inserted into the separation point. This means that the ends resulting from the separation are connected to the linear damper. In this variant, a linear input movement is converted directly into a linear output movement. In particular, the two ends of the Bowden cable are aligned coaxially. The linear damper may for example be designed as an elastomer damper, gas damper or hydraulic damper. In the case of a hydraulic Bowden cable, the damper can also be designed, in particular, by an expansion tank in the course of the connecting line between the two hydraulic cylinders and in particular be equipped with a valve or slide. With the help of the valve or the slider, the damping is in particular also controllable and / or adjustable. Of course, a controllable and / or adjustable damping or suspension can also be realized in other ways.

It is also advantageous if the coupling between the first over-center interlock and the second over-center interlock has a rotary lever. For example, the Bowden cable is separated in its course, and a rotary lever is inserted into the separation point. This means that the ends resulting from the separation are connected to the rotary lever. In this variant, a linear input movement is converted via the movement of the rotary lever in a linear output movement. The two ends of the Bowden cable are not aligned coaxially in the rule. With the help of the rotary lever, a translation not equal to 1: 1 can be achieved between the movements of the ends of the Bowden cable when the connection points to the Bowden cable have different lever lengths to the pivot point of the rotary lever. In particular, negative translations between the movements of the ends of the Bowden cable, that is, the reversal of the movements of said ends are possible in which the connection points to the Bowden cable with respect to the pivot point of the rotary lever are opposite to each other. The rotary lever may additionally have special resilient and / or damping properties, so that the ends of the Bowden cable (additionally) can be dynamically decoupled.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the pivoting sliding door module comprises a longitudinally oriented in the sliding direction of the door carrier, which is mounted transversely to its longitudinal extent displaceable in the horizontal direction, and a linear guide by means of which at least one door is slidably mounted, wherein the first Übertotpunktverriegelung for fixing the position the support is provided in Ausstellrichtung. In this way, the sliding movement of the door can be well realized, since the guide length is comparatively large in such a construction. In addition, there is also an advantageous asymmetric mass distribution within the sliding door module and thus a different vibration behavior of the first and second Übertotpunktverriegelung. By means of said mass distribution it can now be achieved that one of the two over-center interlocks remains closed, even if the other - triggered by dynamic phenomena - pops up. Through the use of a damping element in the course of the two Overtotpunktverriegelungen coupling Bowden cable this behavior can be improved and also selectively influenced.

It is advantageous if one end of the Bowden cable is connected to a lever of the Übertotpunktverriegelung. As a result, the transmission of the movement is particularly direct. In this case, the driving and / or the driven end of the Bowden cable can be connected to a lever of the Übertotpunktverriegelung.

But it is also favorable if one end of the Bowden cable is connected to the horizontally displaceable support. In this way, the linear movement of the carrier can be passed directly into or out of the Bowden cable.

It is favorable if the swiveling sliding door module comprises a door drive system acting on the first over-center interlocking and on the Bowden cable on the second over-center interlocking. As a result, the door leaf can be moved in the release direction solely by driving one of the two over-center locks. The coupling realized by the Bowden cable transfers the movement from the motor-driven part to the non-motorized part. It is also advantageous if the door drive system comprises a coupled to the door in the sliding direction acting linear actuator. As a result, the door can be moved in the sliding direction. The Pivoting sliding door module thus comprises a door drive system, which causes a deployment movement and a sliding movement of the door leaf, wherein the door drive system comprises a first in the Ausstellrichtung of the door leaf acting on the carrier Übertotpunktverriegelung.

It is particularly advantageous if the door drive system has only a single motor. In this way, the swivel sliding door module can be very compact and easy to build in terms of control technology.

It is advantageous if the carrier is arranged in the upper region of the door leaf and the second over-center interlock in the lower region of the door leaf. In this way, the door can be fixed very well

It is furthermore advantageous if the swiveling sliding door module has a further second over-center interlocking which is coupled directly or indirectly to the first over-center interlocking via a Bowden cable and is arranged in particular in the middle region of the door leaf. As a result, the door leaf can be fixed even better, since it is held in still further points by means of a Übertotpunktverriegelung in its position.

It is also particularly advantageous if a movement coupling between the first Übertotpunktverriegelung and the second Übertotpunktverriegelung is designed such that the Ausstellbewegung the first Übertotpunktverriegelung at a different speed than the Ausstellbewegung the second Übertotpunktverriegelung and / or said Ausstellbewegungen start or end time. In this way it can be achieved that the door leaf is rotated during the raising movement about a horizontal axis extending in the plane of the door leaf. As a result, a kind of shearing movement takes place between the door leaf and the door seal, so that the door leaf and the seal touch only in a small area and only comparatively frictional forces occur. In particular, when icing in the sealing area so the driving forces to open the door, in which the ice is blasted, are kept low.

The said rotary movement can be realized by moving the door leaf at a different speed than at the bottom. If he moves faster up, the tilts Door wing when opening up to the outside. If he moves slower up, he tilts up inside. A similar effect can be achieved if the movement is initiated with a time delay. If the door is first issued to the top outward and delayed with the bottom, so the door tilts when opening up to the outside. If the movement is first initiated at the bottom, then it tilts inwards at the top. Of course, both procedures can be combined, that is, the movement can be initiated with a time delay above and below and take place at different speeds. Alternatively or in addition to vertical tilting, a horizontal tilting can also take place, ie the door leaves are first issued left or right. If the horizontal and vertical tilting combined, the advantages mentioned come out particularly because the frictional forces between the seal and door by tilting "over corner" are particularly low.

Fig. 1

ein erstes schematisch dargestelltes Beispiel eines Schwenkschiebetürmoduls, bei dem ein Türflügel mit zwei über einen Bowdenzug gekoppelten Übertotpunktverriegelungen verbunden ist;

Fig. 2

eine Detailansicht einer Übertotpunktverriegelung;

Fig. 3

ein zweites schematisch dargestelltes Beispiel eines Schwenkschiebetürmoduls, bei dem die Türflügel auf einem seitlich ausstellbaren Träger verschiebbar gelagert sind;

Fig. 4

wie Fig. 3, nur mit umgekehrt betätigbaren zweiten Übertotpunktverriegelungen;

Fig. 5

wie Fig. 3, nur mit einem Drehhebel im Verlauf des Bowdenzugs;

Fig. 6

ein Beispiel für ein Schwenkschiebetürmodul, bei dem der Bowdenzug direkt mit dem seitlichen ausstellbaren Träger verbunden ist;

Fig. 7

wie Fig. 6, nur mit umgekehrt angebundenem Bowdenzug und einem Drehhebel;

Fig. 8

ein weiteres schematisch dargestelltes Beispiel eines Schwenkschiebetürmoduls mit weiteren zweiten Übertotpunktverriegelungen im mittleren Bereich der Türflügel;

Fig. 9

einen schematisch dargestellten Lineardämpfer;

Fig. 10

einen Drehhebel mit einer Anbindung des Bowdenzugs, die keine Bewegungsumkehr bewirkt;

Fig. 11

ein schematisch dargestelltes Beispiel für einen hydraulischen Bowdenzug;

Fig. 12

wie Fig. 11, nur mit anders angebundener Hydraulikleitung;

Fig. 13

wie Fig. 11, nur mit doppelt wirkenden Hydraulikzylindern;

Fig. 14

wie Fig. 11, nur mit einer Bewegungsumkehr der Kolben der Hydraulikzylinder;

Fig. 15

wie Fig. 13, nur mit einer Bewegungsumkehr der Kolben der Hydraulikzylinder;

Fig. 16

wie Fig. 11, nur mit einem Dämpfungselement in der Hydraulikleitung;

Fig. 17

ein Beispiel für ein Linearführungssystem für die Türflügel und

Fig. 18

ein schematisch dargestelltes Beispiel, bei dem der Türflügel bei der Ausstellbewegung oben nach außen kippt.

For a better understanding of the invention, this will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures. Show it

Fig. 1

a first schematically illustrated example of a sliding door module in which a door is connected to two over-center locks coupled via a Bowden cable;

Fig. 2

a detailed view of an over-center interlock;

Fig. 3

a second schematically illustrated example of a sliding door module in which the door wings are slidably mounted on a laterally displayable carrier;

Fig. 4

as Fig. 3 , only with reversibly operable second over-center locks;

Fig. 5

as Fig. 3 , only with a rotary lever in the course of the Bowden cable;

Fig. 6

an example of a sliding door module, in which the Bowden cable is directly connected to the side displayable carrier;

Fig. 7

as Fig. 6 , only with reversed Bowden cable and a rotary lever;

Fig. 8

a further schematically illustrated example of a sliding door module with further second Übertotpunktverriegelungen in the central region of the door;

Fig. 9

a linear damper shown schematically;

Fig. 10

a rotary lever with a connection of the Bowden cable, which causes no reversal of motion;

Fig. 11

a schematically illustrated example of a hydraulic Bowden cable;

Fig. 12

as Fig. 11 , only with differently connected hydraulic line;

Fig. 13

as Fig. 11 , only with double-acting hydraulic cylinders;

Fig. 14

as Fig. 11 , only with a reversal of movement of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder;

Fig. 15

as Fig. 13 , only with a reversal of movement of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder;

Fig. 16

as Fig. 11 , only with a damping element in the hydraulic line;

Fig. 17

an example of a linear guide system for the door leaf and

Fig. 18

a schematically illustrated example in which the door tilts at the Ausstellbewegung top outward.

By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component names, wherein the disclosures contained in the entire description can be mutatis mutandis to the same parts with the same reference numerals or component names. Also, the position information selected in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc. are related to the immediately described and illustrated figure and are in the case of a change of position, to be transferred accordingly to the new situation. Furthermore, individual features or combinations of features from the illustrated and described different embodiments may represent for themselves, inventive or inventive solutions.

The Fig. 1 shows a highly simplified representation of a first sliding door module 101 for a rail vehicle. The sliding door module 101 comprises a door leaf 20 and a door drive system coupled to the door leaf 20, which causes a deployment movement and a sliding movement of the door leaf 20. The door drive system is for better understanding of the arrangement in the Fig. 1 only shown in parts. Specifically, the shows Fig. 1 a first (upper) Übertotpunktverriegelung 30, which is part of the door drive system and acts in Ausstellrichtung the door leaf 20. Furthermore, in the Fig. 1 a second (lower) Übertotpunktverriegelung 40, which is also part of the door drive system and acts in the direction of the door leaf 20. In addition, the door 20 includes a door seal 5. Finally, in the Fig. 1 Also shown schematically a wall 6 with a door rebate 7. In the closed position, the door seal 5 is pressed into the door rebate 7, so that the door 2 closes tightly.

In the Fig. 1 only a door seal 5 is shown at the front edge of the door leaf 20. This is of course purely schematic. In general, the door seal 5 is guided around the door leaf 20 so that it seals on all sides. In addition, it is conceivable that, alternatively or in addition to the door seal 5, a rebate seal is provided in the door rebate 7.

The second Übertotpunktverriegelung 40 acting in Ausstellrichtung the door leaf 20 is coupled to the first Übertotpunktverriegelung 30 via a Bowden cable 80 and a rotary lever 90. The Bowden cable 80 is separated in its course, and the two resulting ends are connected to the rotary lever 90. If the first Übertotpunktverriegelung 30 is moved in the direction shown to cause an opening of the door leaf 20, this causes a pulling movement / pulling force at the upper end of the Bowden cable 80. About the rotary lever 90, the pulling movement / pulling force at the upper end of the Bowden cable 80 in a Pressure movement at the lower end of the Bowden cable 80 is converted, whereby the second Übertotpunktverriegelung 40 is also moved in the direction shown.

Fig. 2 shows the first over-center interlock 30 now in detail. This includes a rotatably mounted release lever 10, a hingedly connected connecting lever 11 and a stop 12. For simplicity, it is assumed for the following example that the connecting lever 11 is fixedly connected to the door leaf 20 and for the sliding movement of the door leaf 20, the entire illustrated Arrangement in the plane of the door leaf 20 is moved laterally. It is equally conceivable, but also that the connecting lever 11 is slidably mounted in the door leaf 20, so that for the sliding movement of the door leaf 20, this relative to the connecting lever 11 is moved. The second Übertotpunktverriegelung 40 is identical and identical considerations apply.

During the closing operation, the door leaf 20 is moved in a manner known per se by an over-center path or over-center angle via a dead center TP and moved against the stop 12. As a result, the door leaf 20 can not be opened with an external static force acting on the door leaf 20. If the said force acts outward (in the representation downwards), only the connecting lever 11 is pressed more strongly against the stop 12 without the door leaf 20 moving. If the said force acts inwardly (in the illustration above), then the deployment lever 10 can be pressed at most until the dead center TP, at least if the process proceeds sufficiently slowly, but not further. The sliding door thus remains closed as well. In the Fig. 2 not only the static end position of the door leaf 20 is drawn, but with thin lines also an inwardly retracted position.

Fig. 3 shows another exemplary embodiment of a sliding door module 102. The sliding sliding door module 102 comprises two door leaves 21, 22 and a sliding in the direction of the door wings 21, 22 longitudinally oriented support 13 which is mounted transversely to its longitudinal extent displaceable in the horizontal direction. In or on the support 13, a linear guide is arranged, by means of which the door leaf 21, 22 are mounted displaceably. The carrier 13 is moved when opening the door in the Ausstellrichtung, which can be done for example by means of the two first Übertotpunktverriegelungen 31 and 32.

The movement of the two first over-center locks 31 and 32 is transmitted to the second over-center locks 41 and 42 by means of two Bowden cables 81 and 82. In this case, the movement of the first Übertotpunktverriegelung 31 with the Bowden cable 82 transferred directly to the second Übertotpunktverriegelung 42 and the movement of the first Übertotpunktverriegelung 32 with the Bowden cable 81 directly to the second Übertotpunktverriegelung 41. The Übertotpunktverriegelungen 31, 32, 41, 42 each include a rotatably mounted release lever, a hingedly connected connecting lever and a stop (see also Fig. 2 ).

To understand the function is also noted that the bearing points 141 and 142 are firmly anchored in the rail vehicle and so store the connecting lever. Now, if the release lever of the first (upper) Übertotpunktverriegelungen 31 and 32 are set in rotation, so support the connection lever at the bearing points 141 and 142 and lock the carrier 13 in the Ausstellrichtung.

The opening movement and sliding movement of the door leaves 21, 22 can basically be done with several separate motors. For example, a first motor moves the carrier 13 and thus also the over-center interlocks 31, 32, 41, 42 in motion (or vice versa), whereas a second motor for the sliding movement of the door leaf 21, 22 is provided. For example, the first motor may set the levers of the first over-center latches 31 and 32 in rotation. Time-shifted, the second motor is activated and thus causes the sliding movement, which can be realized for example in a conventional manner with a rack drive, a spindle drive or via a cable.

However, it is particularly advantageous if the door drive system has a single motor, which causes both the raising movement and the sliding movement of the door leaves 21, 22. For example, the engine may be connected to a transmission having two output shafts. One of the waves can then be used with the release levers (see Fig. 2 ) of the first over-center locks 31 and 32, the other shaft to be connected to the linear drive system. It would also be conceivable to use a planetary gear or a motor in which both the rotor and the stator each form an output. The stator is then not as usual usually fixed to the sliding sliding door module 102, but as the rotor rotatably mounted.

It is particularly advantageous if a door leaf 21, 22 is guided in a fixedly arranged relation to the rail vehicle backdrop and thus executed the raising movement and the sliding movement always in a predetermined relation to each other, so the two movements are mixed. This gate may for this purpose have a first straight section, which is aligned in the sliding direction of the sliding door, a second section, which is aligned normal to the first section, and a curved piece, which connects the two straight sections. Accordingly, only the sliding movement is permitted in the first section and only the raising movement is permitted in the second section, whereas the sliding movement and the raising movement are carried out simultaneously in the curved section.

Fig. 3 shows an exemplary backdrop 14 (shown with thin lines), in which a pin 15 is guided. In the Fig. 3 If only one of the door leaves 22 is guided in a slot 14, it is assumed that the door leaf 21 is kinematically coupled to the door leaf 22 guided in the slot 14, for example via a drive spindle of a linear drive for the sliding movement. Of course, however, both door leaves 21, 22 may be performed in a backdrop 14.

The over-center interlocks 31, 32, 41 and 42 are in the in Fig. 3 illustrated example similar to the Übertotpunktverriegelung 30 and 40 of the Figures 1 and 2 , wherein the first Übertotpunktverriegelungen 31, 32 primarily fix the carrier 13 and thus act only indirectly on the door leaf 21, 22. For the raising movement of the carrier 13 of the corresponding Ausstellhebel the first Übertotpunktverriegelungen 31, 32 is rotated. Of course, the application of a Übertotpunktverriegelung is not limited to the specific variant shown, but it is of course also possible modifications of the functional principle.

In general, it should be noted that the first over-center interlocks 31, 32 and the second over-center interlocks 41, 42 due to the kinematic conditions, in particular with regard to their lever lengths and / or the rotation angle thereof may be constructed differently. To realize a transmission ratio between the movements of the first over-center locks 31, 32 and the second over-center locks 41, 42, it may be provided that the ends of the Bowden cables 81 and 82 are at a different distance are attached to the pivot points of the release lever, that is, have different lever lengths to the pivot points. Thereby, a rotation of the release lever of the first Übertotpunktverriegelungen 31, 32 is not 1: 1 transmitted to the release lever of the second Übertotpunktverriegelungen 41, 42, but in a different ratio. It is also conceivable that for this purpose rotary lever 90 are provided (see also Fig. 5 and 10 ).

Fig. 4 now shows an example of a sliding door module 103, the in Fig. 3 shown pivot sliding door module 102 is very similar. In contrast, the first Übertotpunktverriegelungen 31, 32 and the second Übertotpunktverriegelungen 41, 42 for a deployment movement of the door wings 21, 22 are moved against the same. That is, the release lever first over-center lock 31 is rotated counterclockwise for a deployment movement of the door leaf 21 in the opening direction as seen from above, whereas the release lever of the second over-center latch 41 is turned clockwise for said release movement. For this reason, the movement of the first over-center lock 31 with the Bowden cable 81 is transmitted directly to the second over-center lock 41 and the movement of the first over-center lock 32 with the Bowden cable 82 directly to the second over-center lock 42.

Fig. 5 shows another example of a sliding door module 104, which corresponds to the in Fig. 3 shown pivot sliding door module 102 is very similar. Unlike the in Fig. 3 shown sliding door module 102, the movement of the first over-center interlock 32 is transmitted to the Bowden cable 82 to the second Übertotpunktverriegelung 42. For this purpose is similar as already in the Fig. 1 shown a rotary lever 92 inserted into the course of the Bowden cable 82 to reverse the movements of the ends of the Bowden cable 82 or to realize a gear ratio between the movements of said ends.

Fig. 6 shows another example of a sliding door module 105, which corresponds to the in Fig. 3 shown pivot sliding door module 102 is very similar. Unlike the in Fig. 3 shown pivot sliding door module 102, the movement of the second Übertotpunktverriegelung 42 but derived from the linear disengaging movement of the carrier 13. For this purpose, the first end of the Bowden cable 82 is connected to the carrier 13, the second to the second Übertotpunktverriegelung 42. In this way, the linear motion of the Support 13 is converted into a rotational movement of the deployment lever of the second Übertotpunktverriegelung 42. Since the first over-center interlock 32 is still responsible for the deployment movement of the carrier 13, it may also be said that the first over-center interlock 32 and the second over-center interlock 42 are indirectly coupled together via the Bowden cable 82.

Fig. 7 shows another example of a sliding door module 106, which corresponds to the in Fig. 6 shown pivot sliding door module 105 is very similar. Unlike the in Fig. 3 shown pivot sliding door module 105, the Bowden cable 82 is now mounted on the carrier 13 but in the opposite direction. In order to correctly transfer the movement of the carrier 13 to the second over-center interlock 42, however, a rotary lever 92 is now inserted in the course of the Bowden cable 82 (see also FIG Fig. 1 and 5 ). It would also be conceivable, for example, that the second over-center interlock 42 in the in Fig. 4 is shown installed position. A rotary lever 92 can then be omitted for the sliding sliding door module 106. Conversely, if the second over-center interlock 42 is in Fig. 6 in the in Fig. 4 illustrated position would be - for the sliding door module 105 optionally provide a rotary lever 92.

Fig. 8 shows another example of a sliding door module 107, which corresponds to the in Fig. 3 shown pivot sliding door module 102 is very similar. In contrast, but in the middle of the door 21, 22 more second Übertotpunktverriegelungen 161, 162 are arranged. In this way, the reliability of the sliding sliding door module 107 can be further increased because the door leaves 21, 22 are held even better by the additionally provided in the middle region Übertotpunktverriegelungen 161, 162. The movements of the second Übertotpunktverriegelungen 41, 42, 161, 162 is derived from the movement of the first Übertotpunktverriegelungen 31, 32. For this purpose, the first Übertotpunktverriegelung 32 is coupled via a Bowden cable 81 with the second Übertotpunktverriegelung 41 and a Bowden cable 171 with the second Übertotpunktverriegelung 161. In addition, the first Übertotpunktverriegelung 31 is coupled in a similar manner via a Bowden cable to the second Übertotpunktverriegelung 42 and another Bowden cable to the second Übertotpunktverriegelung 162. These Bowden cables are in the Fig. 8 but not shown for the sake of clarity.

Generally and especially in the in the FIGS. 1 to 8 shown pivoting door modules 101..107 may have a coupling between the first Übertotpunktverriegelung 31, 32 and the second Übertotpunktverriegelung 41, 42, 161, 162 a damping element, in particular a linear damper.

Fig. 9 shows an example in which by way of example in the course of the Bowden cable 80, a linear damper 18 is installed. The linear damper can be embodied, for example, as an elastomer damper, gas damper or hydraulic damper, and in particular can also be controlled or adjusted. With the help of the linear damper 18 via the Bowden cable 80 directly or indirectly connected Übertotpunktverriegelung 30, 31, 32, 40, 41, 42, 161, 162 in terms of their dynamic behavior, in particular with regard to their vibration behavior, decoupled.

Dynamic influences occurring on a rail vehicle, in particular oscillations, can cause an over-center interlock to overcome the dead center TP and a door suddenly pops open. In general, it can now be achieved by a damping element (eg with the aid of the linear damper 18) that not all the over-center interlocks 30, 31, 32, 40, 41, 42, 161, 162 are excited in the same way and therefore not all at the same time jump. By always keeping one of the over-center interlocks 30, 31, 32, 40, 41, 42, 161, 162 closed, even if some of the over-center interlocks 30, 31, 32, 40, 41, 42, 161, 162 spring open due to dynamic phenomena, the door always remains closed. Due to the particular caused by the carrier 13 asymmetric mass distribution of the sliding sliding door modules 102..107 already results in a favorable, that is different, vibration behavior of the first and second Übertotpunktverriegelung 30, 31, 32, 40, 41, 42, 161, 162nd By using a damping element 18, however, this can be improved and also influenced in a targeted manner. In addition to the classical calculation, computer simulations and attempts to tune the system can be used.

In general, it is advantageous if the core of the Bowden cable 80, 81, 82, 171 made of metal, in particular of a steel wire or a wire rope exists, as this high forces can be transmitted. It is also favorable if a Bowden cable core is made of plastic. As a result, problems with corrosion can be avoided and even tight bending radii realized become. In addition, the friction in the operation of such a Bowden cable 80, 81, 82, 171 is low. It is also conceivable, in particular, for a Bowden cable core of metal to be encased with plastic in order to achieve, on the one hand, good corrosion protection and, on the other hand, low friction coefficients. In this context, it is advantageous if the metallic Bowdenzugseele example, with Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene, short PTFE) is sheathed.

An advantage of a Bowden cable core made entirely of a plastic is also that it has wide-selectable spring and damping properties. In this way, the Übertotpunktverriegelung 30, 31, 32, 40, 41, 42, 161, 162 against each other can be "detuned" without the need for a separate damper 18.

Optionally, additional weights may also be attached to the sliding sliding door modules 101... 107, or parts thereof may be designed to be heavy enough to achieve the desired dynamic behavior. Conceivable in this context would again be the use of different materials. For example, the first over-center latches 30, 31 and 32 made of steel, the second over-center latches 40, 41, 42, 161, 162 could be made of lighter plastic, so that the individual latches 30, 31, 32, 40, 41, 42, 161, 162 having otherwise identical shape different vibration behavior. In this way, a particularly high level of security against the unwanted popping of a sliding door can be ensured.

It would also be conceivable, in general, not only to change the total mass of a component, but the mass distribution at the same total mass. For example, the mass distribution of the door leaf 21, 22 could be influenced in a targeted manner such that a different oscillation forms in the lower region when excited than in the upper region. This can also be prevented that the Übertotpunktverriegelungen 30, 31, 32, 40, 41, 42, 161, 162 jump up at the same time. Additional influence options also offer the release lever 10 and the connecting lever 11, which can be designed according to their weight, their mass distribution, their elasticity and / or in terms of their damping, for example.

In the in the Fig. 8 shown pivoting door module 107, the Übertotpunktverriegelungen 31, 32, the Übertotpunktverriegelungen 41, 42 and the Übertotpunktverriegelungen 161, 162 also advantageously each (pairwise) have different dynamic behavior or vibration behavior. As a result, the security against unwanted opening the door is further improved.

At this point it is noted that in the Fig. 5 . 6 and 7 only one half of a sliding door module 104, 105, 106 is shown. In general, the illustrated embodiments are of course suitable for both single-leaf and multi-leaf sliding sliding door modules 101... 107. In particular, the in Fig. 1 shown sliding door module 101 can be expanded to a multi-leaf sliding door module.

Furthermore, it is noted that the Übertotpunktverriegelungen 30, 31, 32, 40, 41, 42, 161, 162 can be connected in a chain via Bowden cables 80..82. For example, in the Figures 3 or 4 the Bowden cable 82 omitted and instead the Übertotpunktverriegelungen 41 and 42 are connected via a Bowden cable. Likewise it is conceivable that in the Fig. 8 the Bowden cable 81 is omitted and instead the Übertotpunktverriegelungen 161 and 41 are connected via a Bowden cable

Fig. 10 shows now that a rotary lever 90 can not only be used to reverse the movements of the ends of the Bowden cable 80, 81, 82, 171, as in the FIGS. 1 . 5 and 7 is shown, but also for the realization of a positive transmission ratio. For this purpose, the ends of the Bowden cable 80 are arranged on the same side of the pivot point of the rotary lever 90. For example, such an arrangement in the in Figures 3 . 4 . 6 and 8th shown arrangements are used. It should be noted at this point that the rotary lever 90 can not only be used for the realization of a specific transmission ratio, but additionally or alternatively, this can have certain spring and / or damping properties in order to connect the over-center locks 30, 31, 32 connected to the Bowden cable 80. 40, 41, 42, 161, 162 dynamically decouple. Advantageously, the rotary lever 90 is made of plastic.

In general, a rotary lever 90, 91, 92 not only in the in the FIGS. 1 . 5 and 7 shown position, but the axis of the rotary lever 90, 91, 92 also aligned differently in particular, this does not have to be in the sliding direction, but can also be oriented in the direction of extension or vertically.

In the previous examples it was assumed that the Bowden cables 80, 81, 82, 161 are mechanical Bowden cables. It is also conceivable that hydraulic Bowden cables are used instead. Fig. 11 shows an example in which two hydraulic cylinders 19, 23 connected by means of a hydraulic line 24, whereby the movement of the piston of the first hydraulic cylinder 19 is transmitted to the piston of the second hydraulic cylinder 23 and vice versa. Specifically, the rear displacement of the hydraulic cylinders 19, 23 are connected via the hydraulic line 24. One of the hydraulic cylinders 19, 23 is the driving, the other of the driven.

Fig. 12 shows an arrangement that in Fig. 11 The arrangement shown is very similar, but in contrast to the front displacement of the hydraulic cylinders 19, 23 are connected via the hydraulic line 24.

Fig. 13 shows an arrangement in which the front displacement of the hydraulic cylinders 19, 23 connected via the hydraulic line 24 and the rear displacement of the hydraulic cylinders 19, 23 are connected via the hydraulic line 25. Advantageously, it is avoided that the liquid column in the hydraulic lines 24, 25 can tear off, since the forces can always be effected via the compression of the fluid in the hydraulic lines 24, 25.

In the in the FIGS. 11 to 13 arrangements shown, the pistons of the hydraulic cylinders 19, 23 on an equal effective area, so that the forces or movements are transmitted 1: 1. In addition, a retraction movement on the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 19 always causes an extension movement on the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 23 and vice versa. However, this is not a necessary condition, as shown below.

For example, shows Fig. 14 an arrangement in which the front displacement of the hydraulic cylinder 19 is connected via the hydraulic line 24 to the rear displacement of the hydraulic cylinder 23. As a result, a retraction movement on the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 19 always causes a retraction movement on the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 23 and vice versa. That is, the movement of the pistons is opposite to that in the FIGS. 11 to 13 reversed arrangements shown. A rotary lever 90, 91, 92 for reversing a movement, as in the FIGS. 1 . 5 and 7 is shown, can be omitted in this way.

Another feature of the in the Fig. 14 The arrangement shown is that the pistons of the hydraulic cylinders 19, 23 have a different size effective area, whereby the forces or movements are not transmitted in the ratio 1: 1. Of course, this does not have to be done by connecting a front displacement with a rear displacement, but can, for example, by the choice of different size hydraulic cylinders 19, 23 are realized.

Fig. 15 further shows an arrangement which is in Fig. 13 is very similar to the arrangement shown. In contrast, however, the hydraulic lines 24, 25 are crossed out, so that the already too Fig. 14 described movement of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 19, 23 results.

Fig. 16 now shows an arrangement, which in turn the in Fig. 11 shown arrangement is very similar. In contrast, however, an optional damping element 26 and an optional valve 27 are provided in the course of the hydraulic line 24. In this way, the two hydraulic cylinders 19, 23 can be decoupled with respect to their dynamic behavior or vibration behavior. About the valve 27, the damping is also controllable or adjustable. The damping element 26 may be configured, for example, as a membrane expansion vessel. Of course, the damping element 26 and the valve 27 not only in the in the Fig. 16 embodiment shown, but also in the in the FIGS. 12 to 15 illustrated embodiments. Are two hydraulic lines 24, 25 provided ( FIGS. 13 and 15 ), so if appropriate, two damping elements 26 and valves 27 may be provided. Instead of the damping element 26 can also targeted gas bubbles in the in the FIGS. 11 to 15 shown arrangements are introduced to achieve a certain damping behavior. A separate damping element 26 can then be omitted.

In general, the friction occurring during operation of the Bowden cable can be kept low by using a hydraulic Bowden cable. In particular, are with a hydraulic Bowden cable also particularly tight bending radii or even angular lines can be realized. The hydraulic cylinders 19, 23 may be connected in a conventional manner, for example by means of metallic pipes and / or hydraulic hoses. As a hydraulic medium is particularly suitable hydraulic oil.

Fig. 17 shows now in more detail how the door leaves 21, 22 can be slidably mounted on the carrier 13. Specifically, a carriage 28 is slidably mounted on a rail 29. Via a bracket 33, a mounting plate 34 is connected to the carriage 28. In particular, the mounting plate 34, to which the door leaf 22 is fastened, can also be rotatably mounted in the bracket 33. On the underside of the support 13 there is an analogously constructed guide system for the right door leaf 21. In general, both linear roller guides and linear sliding guides can be used.

For the drive of the door leaf 21, 22, for example, an endless rope in the longitudinal direction can be placed around the carrier 3 and connected to the guide carriages 26. If the rope is moved, so also move the door 21, 22 against the same. It would be conceivable, for example, the use of a rack and pinion drive or spindle drive.

Fig. 18 Finally, shows a particular embodiment of the sliding door module 105 from Fig. 6 in side view. In this example, a movement coupling between the first Übertotpunktverriegelungen 31, 32 and the second Übertotpunktverriegelungen 41, 42 formed such that the Ausstellbewegung the first Übertotpunktverriegelungen 31, 32 at a different speed than the Ausstellbewegung the second Übertotpunktverriegelungen 41, 42 and / or mentioned exhibiting movements start or end delayed. Specifically, the door leaves 21, 22 are rotated in this example during the raising movement about a horizontal, in the plane of the door leaf 21, 22 extending axis. The said rotary movement is realized here so that the door leaves 21, 22 tilt upwards outwards. In the Fig. 7 the door leaf 22 is shown to be slightly exposed.

Due to the rotational movement takes place between the door leaf 22 and door seal a kind of shearing motion, so that touch the door leaf 22 and seal only in a small area and only comparatively frictional forces occur. In particular, when icing in the sealing area so the driving forces to open the door, in which the ice is blasted, low being held. The said rotary movement can be realized by moving the door leaf 22 upwards at a different speed than at the bottom and / or by introducing the movement up and down in a time-delayed manner.

As an alternative to the illustrated movement, the door leaf 22 can also tilt upwards inwards. Alternatively or in addition to the vertical tilting, a horizontal tilting can also take place, ie the door leaves 22 are first exposed on the left or right. When combined with horizontal tilting and vertical tilting, the advantages mentioned are particularly noticeable, as the frictional forces between the seal and the door are particularly low due to tilting "over the corner".

Of course, the explained in connection with the sliding door module 105 oblique tilting of the door leaf 22 is not limited to this specific embodiment, but can be applied mutatis mutandis to the sliding sliding door modules 101..104 and 106 and 107. For this necessary gear ratios can be achieved for example by different lever lengths on the release levers 10, by using a rotary lever 90, 91, 92 or by different effective surfaces of hydraulic cylinders.

The embodiments show possible embodiments of a sliding door module according to the invention 101..107, which should be noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated embodiments of the same, but also various combinations of the individual embodiments are mutually possible and this variation possibility due to the teaching to technical action by objective invention in the skill of those working in this technical field expert. So are all conceivable embodiments, which are possible by combinations of individual details of the illustrated and described embodiment variant, includes the scope of protection.

In particular, it should be noted that the illustrated devices may in reality also comprise more components than illustrated.

For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that for a better understanding of the construction of the swiveling sliding door module 101... 107, this or its components have been shown partially unevenly and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size.

The task underlying the independent inventive solutions can be taken from the description.

REFERENCE NUMBERS

101..107

Swinging sliding door module

20..22

door

30..32

first (upper) over-center interlock

40..42

second (lower) over-center interlock

5

door seal

6

wall

7

door rebate

80..82

Bowden

90..92

lever

10

out lever

11

connecting lever

12

attack

13

carrier

141, 142

bearing points

14

scenery

15

pen

161, 162

another second (middle) over-center interlock

171, 172

Bowden

18

linear damper

19

hydraulic cylinders

23

hydraulic cylinders

24

hydraulic line

25

hydraulic line

26

Damping element / membrane expansion vessel

27

Valve

28

carriages

29

rail

33

console

34

mounting plate

TP

dead

Claims (17)

1. Plug door module (101.. 107) for a rail vehicle, comprising:

   a door leaf (20..22) movable in an opening direction and a sliding direction, and

   a first over-centre lock (30..32) acting in the opening direction of the door leaf (20..22), and

   a second over-centre lock (40..42) acting in the opening direction of the door leaf (20..22), characterised in that the second over-centre lock is coupled directly or indirectly to the first over-centre lock (30..32) by a Bowden cable (80..82).
2. Plug door module (101.. 107) according to claim 1, characterised in that the core of the Bowden cable (80..82) consists of metal and/or of plastic.
3. Plug door module (101..107) according to claim 1, characterised in that the Bowden cable (80..82) is designed as a hydraulic Bowden cable and comprises two hydraulically connected hydraulic cylinders (19, 23).
4. Plug door module (101.. 107) according to claim 3, characterised in that the pistons of the hydraulic cylinders (19, 23) have active areas of identical size.
5. Plug door module (101.. 107) according to claim 3, characterised in that the pistons of the hydraulic cylinders (19, 23) have active areas of different sizes.
6. Plug door module (101..107) according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the coupling between the first over-centre lock (30..32) and the second over-centre lock (40..42) comprises a damping element (18).
7. Plug door module (101.. 107) according to claim 6, characterised in that the damping element (18) is designed as a linear damper.
8. Plug door module (101..107) according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the coupling between the first over-centre lock (30..32) and the second over-centre lock (40..42) comprises a rotary lever (90..92).
9. Plug door module (101..108) according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterised by a support (13), which is oriented along the sliding direction of the door leaf (20..22) and mounted for sliding in the horizontal direction transversely to its longitudinal dimension, and by a linear guide whereby the at least one door leaf (20..22) is displaceably mounted, the first over-centre lock (30..32) being provided for fixing the position of the support (13) in the opening direction.
10. Plug door module (101..107) according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that an end of the Bowden cable (80..82) is connected to a lever of the over-centre lock (30..162).
11. Plug door module (101..108) according to claim 9 or 10, characterised in that an end of the Bowden cable (80..82) is connected to the support (13).
12. Plug door module (101..107) according to any of claims 1 to 11, characterised by a door drive system which acts on the first over-centre lock (30..32) and, via the Bowden cable (80..82), on the second over-centre lock (40..42).
13. Plug door module (101..107) according to any of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the door drive system comprises a linear actuator coupled to the door leaf (20..22) and acting in its sliding direction.
14. Plug door module (101..107) according to claims 12 and 13, characterised in that the door drive system comprises a single motor.
15. Plug door module (101..107) according to any of claims 9 to 14, characterised in that the support (13) is located in the upper region of the door leaf (20..22) and the second over-centre lock (40..42) is located in the lower region of the door leaf (20..22).
16. Plug door module (101..107) according to any of claims 1 to 15, characterised by a further second over-centre lock (161, 162), which is directly or indirectly coupled to the first over-centre lock (30..32) and is in particular located in the central area of the door leaf (20..22).
17. Plug door module (101.. 107) according to any of claims 9 to 16, characterised in that a motion coupling between the first over-centre lock (30..32) and the second over-centre lock (40..42, 161, 162) is designed such that the opening movement of the first over-centre lock (30..32) takes place at a speed which is different from that of the opening movement of the second over-centre lock (40..42, 161, 162), and/or in that said opening movements start or end in a staggered manner.

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