EP2889401B2 - Fibre de cellulose régénérée - Google Patents

Fibre de cellulose régénérée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2889401B2
EP2889401B2 EP13199757.9A EP13199757A EP2889401B2 EP 2889401 B2 EP2889401 B2 EP 2889401B2 EP 13199757 A EP13199757 A EP 13199757A EP 2889401 B2 EP2889401 B2 EP 2889401B2
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lignin
fiber
fibers
organosolv
viscose
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EP13199757.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2889401B1 (fr
EP2889401A1 (fr
Inventor
Haio Harms
Daniela Bauer
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Stora Enso Oyj
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Stora Enso Oyj
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
    • D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
    • D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
    • D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
    • D01F9/16—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from products of vegetable origin or derivatives thereof, e.g. from cellulose acetate
    • D01F9/17—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from products of vegetable origin or derivatives thereof, e.g. from cellulose acetate from lignin
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
    • D01F2/08—Composition of the spinning solution or the bath
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
    • D01F2/08—Composition of the spinning solution or the bath
    • D01F2/10—Addition to the spinning solution or spinning bath of substances which exert their effect equally well in either

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a regenerated cellulose fiber produced by the viscose process (hereinafter also referred to as "viscose fiber”), its production and use.
  • the present invention relates to a regenerated cellulose fiber containing lignin.
  • Viscose fibers are already used in carbonized insulation molded parts and nonwovens.
  • carbonaceous starting materials precursors
  • precursors are pyrolyzed in an oven at temperatures of 500-1800 ° C with the exclusion of oxygen.
  • Foreign atoms such as nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen are split off in gaseous form. What remains is almost exclusively carbon, which has a graphite-like layer structure.
  • the carbonization yield of viscose is theoretically 44%, but in reality only 15-20%. You lose 80 to 85% of the fiber mass in carbonization. Improving the carbon yield would make the carbonization process much more economical.
  • the WO 2012/156443 A1 describes precursor fibers for the production of carbon fibers which contain lignin.
  • the fibers are spun from a solution containing a lignin and a fiber-forming polymer from the group of polyacrylonitrile or polyacrylonitrile copolymers.
  • Example 2 of this document describes spinning a solution containing chemical cellulose, kraft lignin and polyacrylonitrile.
  • the WO 2013/020919 deals with the production of precursor fibers from carbon fibers.
  • the fiber is a mixture of polyacrylonitrile, a glucan and lignin. Both in the case of WO 2012/156443 A1 as well as the WO 2013/020919 the fibers are spun from a solution in an organic solvent.
  • the EP 2 524 980 describes the production of precursor fibers from carbon fibers.
  • the fibers contain at least 10% lignin and one or more fiber-forming polymers such as cellulose and are spun from an organic solvent.
  • the object on which the present invention is based is achieved by a regenerated cellulose fiber obtained by the viscose process, containing organosolv lignin in a content of 10% to 70, based on fiber.
  • cellulose wood (wood chips) or other plant fibers are chemically broken down by removing the lignin contained therein, while the structure of the cellulose is largely preserved.
  • the dissolved lignin differs greatly from its native form, since depending on the process, depolymerization and derivatization with the chemicals occur during digestion.
  • the most important pulping processes are the sulfate process (product: Kraft lignin) and the sulfite process (product: lignosulfonate). Every year, more than 50 million tons of lignin are isolated as a by-product.
  • the lignins differ in their monomer composition, type of bonds and molecular weight depending on the type of plant, origin and season. In addition, each digestion process produces lignins with different properties.
  • organosolv process as wood digestion with the aid of aqueous organic solvents, in particular ethanol, at high pressure and high temperature.
  • aqueous organic solvents in particular ethanol
  • the lignin obtained in this process is referred to as organosolv lignin.
  • the cellulose fiber according to the invention preferably has an organosolv lignin content of 20% to 50%, based on fiber.
  • This information is also to be understood in the following as% by weight.
  • the information relates to the lignin content of a finished viscose fiber, i.e. the fiber after the post-treatment and in particular washing steps in the context of viscose fiber production.
  • the organosolv lignin and other lignin contents are determined using the measurement method given in Example 1.
  • (regenerated) cellulose fiber” or “viscose fiber” is also intended to include fibers which contain up to 90% of lignin as long as they are made by the viscose process, ie from an alkaline solution containing cellulose xanthate and spun in an acidic spinning bath.
  • the fiber according to the invention can preferably contain a further lignin different from Organosolv lignin. Since Organosolv lignin compared to common lignins such as e.g. Kraft lignin or lignosulfonates is more difficult to obtain, the replacement of part of the organosolv lignin by another lignin can make the production of the fiber according to the invention and the carbon fiber resulting therefrom by carbonization even more favorable.
  • Organosolv lignin compared to common lignins such as e.g. Kraft lignin or lignosulfonates is more difficult to obtain, the replacement of part of the organosolv lignin by another lignin can make the production of the fiber according to the invention and the carbon fiber resulting therefrom by carbonization even more favorable.
  • the further lignin is preferably selected from the group consisting of kraft lignin, lignosulfonate and mixtures thereof.
  • the other lignin is also preferably uncrosslinked.
  • the content of further lignin in the fiber can be from 5% to 85%, preferably 10% to 70%, particularly preferably 20% to 50%, based on the fiber.
  • the ratio of organosolv lignin to further lignin can be from 4: 1 to 1: 4, preferably 3: 1 to 1: 3.
  • the cellulose fiber according to the invention is characterized in that, apart from cellulose and lignin, it contains essentially no further fiber-forming polymer, e.g. Contains polyacrylonitrile or polyacrylonitrile copolymers.
  • the cellulose fiber according to the invention can have a titer of 0.5 dtex to 30 dtex, preferably 1 dtex to 4 dtex.
  • the cellulose fiber according to the invention is preferably used for the production of carbon fibers. Other areas of application are e.g. Hygiene and medical applications (due to the increased water retention capacity of the fiber).
  • a cellulose fiber according to the invention, which contains lignin sulfonate in addition to the organosolv lignin, is also suitable for ion exchange, for example in water softening or when setting concrete, due to the sulfonic acid groups introduced into the fiber (lignosulfonate contains 1.25-2.5% sulfonic acid groups).
  • the present invention also relates to a process for producing the cellulose fiber according to the invention, comprising the step of adding Organosolv lignin and, if appropriate, a further lignin to a spinning viscose or a precursor thereof.
  • the "precursor" of spinning viscose includes, in particular, starting substances of the viscose process, such as Pulp, or intermediates such as e.g. Understand alkali cellulose or cellulose xanthate.
  • the lignin was mixed in a proportion of 50% based on the total amount of fiber-forming polymer (cellulose + lignin) into a standard viscose. When spinning, the lignin was in the form of a solution with 30% lignin in 5% NaOH.
  • the viscose containing lignin was spun out according to standard conditions.
  • the target titer of the fibers was 3.3 dtex, the stretching was 25%.
  • the fibers obtained were washed out in the usual way.
  • the lignin levels in the finished fiber were initially determined via the Klason method (Tappi Test Methods 2001-2002. T 222 om-02. Tappi Press ) measured.
  • the acid-insoluble lignin (“Klason lignin”) is recorded gravimetrically using this method.
  • the acid-soluble lignin is determined photometrically (Tappi UM 250, wavelength: 205 nm, absorption coefficient: 110 L / (g.cm)). Photometric determination on the basis of these parameters is the method customary in the professional world, even if it is known that the results obtained with it can vary slightly with regard to the different types of lignin.
  • lignosulfonate Due to its very good solubility, the lignosulfonate is already largely washed out during the spinning of the fiber and in the subsequent washing. Only 11% lignin (absolute) was found in the fiber, so 77% of the lignin offered was washed out. Organosolv lignin shows the highest retention. The fiber contains 38% lignin, while 23% of the lignin offered was washed out. Medium retention shows the Kraft lignin with an absolute content of 27% lignin in the fiber, while 45% (relative) was washed out.
  • An uncrosslinked organosolv lignin of the type lignin 139OL (manufacturer: Fraunhofer Institute CBP) was admixed with a viscose in a proportion of 10% based on the total amount of fiber-forming polymer (cellulose + lignin) and the resulting solution was spun into fibers .
  • the fiber had a titer of 3.24 dtex.
  • the maximum tensile force in cN was 6.71, the elongation 18.79%.
  • An uncrosslinked organosolv lignin of the type Lignin 151OL (manufacturer: Fraunhofer Institute CBP) was admixed with a viscose in a proportion of 10% based on the total amount of fiber-forming polymer (cellulose + lignin) and the resulting solution was spun into fibers .
  • the fiber had a titer of 3.66 dtex.
  • the maximum tensile force in cN was 5.72, the elongation 17.95%.
  • Example 2 Analogously to Example 1, a mixture of 35% uncrosslinked organ solv lignin of type Charge K002 (manufacturer: Fraunhofer Institute CBP) and 15% of the lignosulfonate used in Example 1, based in each case on the total amount of fiber-forming polymer (cellulose + lignin), mixed with a viscose and the resulting solution spun into fibers.
  • K002 manufactured by Fraunhofer Institute CBP
  • the mixture showed very good spinning stability.
  • the fiber had a titer of 2.72 dtex.
  • the maximum tensile force in cN was 2.78, the elongation 17.12%.
  • the water retention capacity was 123%.
  • the fibers are characterized by a dark brown color.
  • the fibers produced according to Example 1 with (nominal) 50% addition of lignin show a very smooth surface with mainly C-shaped cross sections. These cross sections are in the Figure 1 shown.
  • the fibers produced according to Example 3 with a nominal incorporation of 35% organosolv lignin and 15% lignosulfonate also show the typical viscose cloud shape, see Figure 3 .
  • lignin-containing fibers show a significantly higher absorption (higher water retention capacity) than a normal viscose fiber, which is why they are ideal for use in hygiene products.
  • the (among other things) lignosulfonate-containing fiber according to Example 4 contains sulfonic acid groups which act as ion exchangers.
  • the viscose fibers produced according to Examples 1, 2 and 4 and containing Organosolv lignin or a mixture of Organosolv lignin and lignosulfonate were carbonized (Gero oven, 20 ° C to 1800 ° C, heating rate 10K / min under a nitrogen atmosphere). The carbon yield was compared to that of a standard viscose fiber.
  • the carbon yield can already be increased by about 2%.
  • the lignin has a real carbon yield of 40%.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Fibre de cellulose régénérée produite par le procédé de la viscose, contenant de la lignine organosolv en une teneur de 10 % à 70 % par rapport à la fibre.
  2. Fibre de cellulose selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la teneur en lignine organosolv va de 20 % à 50 %, par rapport à la fibre.
  3. Fibre de cellulose selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la fibre contient une autre lignine différente de la lignine organosolv.
  4. Fibre de cellulose selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que l'autre lignine est choisie parmi le groupe constitué de lignine Kraft, de lignosulfonate et de mélanges de ces derniers.
  5. Fibre de cellulose selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisée en ce que la teneur en l'autre lignine va de 5 % à 85 %, de manière préférée de 10 % à 70 %, de manière particulièrement préférée de 20 % à 50 %, par rapport à la fibre.
  6. Fibre de cellulose selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisée en ce que le rapport entre la lignine organosolv et l'autre lignine va de 4:1 à 1:4, de manière préférée de 3:1 à 1:3.
  7. Fibre de cellulose selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle contient, si l'on fait abstraction de la cellulose et de la lignine, essentiellement aucun autre polymère formant des fibres.
  8. Fibre de cellulose selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par un titre allant de 0,5 dtex à 30 dtex, de manière préférée de 1 dtex à 4 dtex.
  9. Utilisation d'une fibre de cellulose selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes servant à fabriquer des fibres de carbone.
  10. Procédé servant à fabriquer une fibre de cellulose selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, comprenant l'étape de l'addition de la lignine organosolv, et éventuellement d'une autre lignine, à une viscose à filer ou à un précurseur.
EP13199757.9A 2013-12-30 2013-12-30 Fibre de cellulose régénérée Active EP2889401B2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

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EP13199757.9A EP2889401B2 (fr) 2013-12-30 2013-12-30 Fibre de cellulose régénérée

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EP13199757.9A EP2889401B2 (fr) 2013-12-30 2013-12-30 Fibre de cellulose régénérée

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EP2889401A1 EP2889401A1 (fr) 2015-07-01
EP2889401B1 EP2889401B1 (fr) 2016-02-24
EP2889401B2 true EP2889401B2 (fr) 2020-04-29

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106149081B (zh) * 2015-04-02 2019-05-17 河北吉藁化纤有限责任公司 一种再生纤维素纤维制备方法及其纤维

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4215212A (en) * 1979-04-09 1980-07-29 Akzona Incorporated Regenerated cellulose containing cross linked sodium lignate or sodium lignosulfonate
JP2002105746A (ja) * 2000-09-29 2002-04-10 Araco Corp 改質アセテート繊維およびその製造方法、繊維積層体成形品およびその製造方法
EP2524980A1 (fr) 2011-05-18 2012-11-21 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Procédé de fabrication de fibres de précurseur contenant de la lignine et de fibres de carbone
BR112015025441A2 (pt) 2013-04-04 2017-07-18 Aalto Univ Foundation processo para a produção de artigos de celulose moldados

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EP2889401B1 (fr) 2016-02-24
EP2889401A1 (fr) 2015-07-01

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