EP2889093A1 - Appareil de laminage à froid d'un élément annulaire, en particulier une bague de roulement, et procédé associé - Google Patents

Appareil de laminage à froid d'un élément annulaire, en particulier une bague de roulement, et procédé associé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2889093A1
EP2889093A1 EP14195153.3A EP14195153A EP2889093A1 EP 2889093 A1 EP2889093 A1 EP 2889093A1 EP 14195153 A EP14195153 A EP 14195153A EP 2889093 A1 EP2889093 A1 EP 2889093A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
forming tool
blank workpiece
annular
lateral surface
annular blank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14195153.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefano Richaud
Paolo Colasanti
Stefano Galfre
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SKF AB
Original Assignee
SKF AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SKF AB filed Critical SKF AB
Publication of EP2889093A1 publication Critical patent/EP2889093A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
    • B21H1/06—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length
    • B21H1/12—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length rings for ball or roller bearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
    • B21H1/06—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H7/00—Making articles not provided for in the preceding groups, e.g. agricultural tools, dinner forks, knives, spoons
    • B21H7/18—Making articles not provided for in the preceding groups, e.g. agricultural tools, dinner forks, knives, spoons grooved pins; Rolling grooves, e.g. oil grooves, in articles
    • B21H7/182—Rolling annular grooves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for forming, by cold rolling, annular elements, in particular to obtain a radially inner surface with the desired profile of rings of rolling bearings, and to a relative method of execution using such an apparatus.
  • annular elements such as the rings of a rolling bearing or at least a part thereof carrying the rolling raceways for the rolling elements, may be advantageously formed by cold rolling, impressing a desired profile on a radially outer and/or radially inner surface of an annular blank workpiece.
  • This operation is carried out by radially sandwiching the annular blank workpiece between an axially symmetrical forming mandrel inserted axially through the annular blank workpiece, and a tool or die, also axially symmetric, arranged on an axis parallel to that of the mandrel and which is brought against a radially outer surface of the annular blank workpiece.
  • the mandrel carries on a radially outer lateral surface thereof a profile complementary to, that is, reproducing in negative, the profile to be made on a radially inner lateral surface of the annular element to be obtained; in use, the mandrel is pressed radially against the radially inner lateral surface of the blank workpiece, while the tool or die is pressed with a radially outer lateral surface thereof against the radially outer surface of the annular blank workpiece, while both the mandrel and the tool or die are brought in rotation about the respective axes thereof, dragging in rotation also the annular blank workpiece, which deforms.
  • the radially outer lateral surface of the tool or die also has a profile complementary to that to be formed on the annular element to be obtained which, during the forming process, tapers in the radial direction and elongates in the axial direction.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for forming by cold rolling annular elements, in particular rings of rolling bearings, without the drawbacks described above, which allows preventing even small axial movements of the element being processed, especially at the beginning of the process itself, and which is also simple, cost-effective to be made and small in size. It is also an object of the invention to provide a method for forming by rolling, starting from an annular blank workpiece, an annular element of predetermined radial profile, in particular a ring of a rolling bearing.
  • an apparatus for forming by cold rolling annular elements in particular rings of rolling bearings
  • a method for forming by rolling starting from an annular blank workpiece, an annular element having a predetermined radial profile, in particular a ring of a rolling bearing, having the features set forth in the appended claims.
  • reference numeral 1 indicates as a whole an apparatus for forming by cold rolling annular elements 2 ( figures 5 and 6 ) having a predetermined radial profile, in particular rings of rolling bearings, starting from an annular blank workpiece 3 ( figures 1 and 3 ).
  • Apparatus 1 comprises a mandrel 4 axially symmetric with respect to a first axis A and adapted to be, in use, inserted axially through and radially inside the annular blank workpiece 3, as is well shown in figure 1 ; apparatus 1 further comprises a forming tool 5 axially symmetric with respect to a second axis B, arranged parallel to axis A.
  • the forming tool 5 is adapted, in use, to cooperate radially on the outside with the annular blank workpiece 3 so that the annular blank workpiece 3 remains in use sandwiched between mandrel 4 and the forming tool 5, which rotate about the first and second axis, A and B, respectively, as clearly shown in figure 1 , while the forming tool 5 applies a radial thrust S to the blank workpiece 3.
  • mandrel 4 must be laterally supported, on the side opposite to tool 5, by a pair of receiving rollers 6 and 7 as shown with a dashed line, which idly rotate about an axis C and which cooperate with cylindrical shoulder surfaces 8 and 9 of mandrel 4 having a same diameter, so as not to create in use, as a result of thrust S, axial forces on mandrel 4.
  • a radial lateral surface 18 which has in a radial plane a longitudinal profile P which reproduces in negative the profile to be obtained on the blank workpiece 3 to make the finished annular element 2, in the example shown, on an inner radial surface 10 of the annular blank workpiece 3.
  • Mandrel 4 is further idly and axially supported, in a known manner and only schematically shown for simplicity, by a seat 11 provided with a bearing 12.
  • the forming tool 5 has a first lateral surface 13 which faces towards mandrel 4, in the example shown the lateral surface 13 is a radially outer surface of tool 5, and which is provided with a plurality of annular projections or grooves 14, which are coaxial with axis B and are arranged mutually side by side and spaced apart in the axial direction.
  • the projections or grooves 14 are adapted in use to lock the annular blank workpiece against any axial movement thereof by constituting axial locking shoulders of the annular blank workpiece 3 which shoulders impress in use corresponding annular grooves or projections/protrusions 15 on a second lateral surface 16 of the annular blank workpiece 3, in the example shown a radially outer lateral surface thereof, as soon as the lateral surface 13 of the forming tool 5 is brought in cooperation with the lateral surface 16 of the blank workpiece 3 to exert the radial thrust S.
  • the lateral surface 13 of the forming tool 5 is a cylindrical surface provided with a plurality of radial annular projections 14 having an essentially triangular profile in axial section ( figures 3 and 4 ), which are spaced apart from one another in axial direction by a quantity greater than a maximum width W of the projections at a root or base portion 19 thereof, which is arranged flushed with the lateral surface 13.
  • the first lateral surface 13 of the forming tool 5 is delimited between two axial shoulders 19 and 20 of the forming tool 5 defined by two opposite cylindrical end stretches 21, 22 of the forming tool 5 with diameter greater than a middle stretch 23 of the forming tool 5 delimited by the lateral surface 13 and provided with the radial projections 14.
  • the central stretch 23 of the forming tool 5, delimited by the lateral surface 13 has an axial length designed so as to be greater than that of the annular blank workpiece 3 to be processed and substantially equal to the end axial length of the annular element 2 to be obtained.
  • the radial projections 14 have a height, measured in radial direction, which is very small, of the order of magnitude of the tenths of mm, and comprised between 1 and 2 tenths of a millimeter.
  • Projections 14 produce, in use, the formation of annular grooves 15, also deep 1 or 2 tenths of a millimeter and axially spaced apart from one another, in which projections 14 "fit" themselves while also the blank workpiece 3 is dragged in rotation by the contact with mandrel 4, thereby preventing any relative axial movement (indicated by the cross arrows in figure 4 ) between the blank workpiece 3 and mandrel 4, since the first instant in which tool 5 comes in contact with the blank workpiece 3. Continuing the plastic deformation step of the blank workpiece 3, this becomes thins and lengthens axially until it arrives against shoulders 19 and 20, which prevent any further axial movement of the blank workpiece 3 being processed.
  • the invention also relates to a method for manufacturing by rolling, starting from an annular blank workpiece 3, an annular element 2 with a predetermined radial profile P1, in particular a ring of a rolling bearing, comprising the steps of:
  • the method according to the invention further comprises the step of forming axial locking shoulders 15 on the annular blank workpiece 3 by impressing on a lateral surface 16 of the annular blank workpiece 5 a series of annular protrusions or grooves 15 by means of a plurality of annular projections or grooves 14 carried by a lateral surface 13 of the forming tool 5 or by a lateral surface 18 of mandrel 4 as soon as the forming tool 5 begins to cooperate with the annular blank workpiece 3.
  • the step of forming axial locking shoulders 15 on the annular blank workpiece 3 is carried out by means of a first lateral surface 13 of the forming tool 5 which is a cylindrical surface provided with a plurality of radial annular projections 14 having an essentially triangular profile in axial section, which are spaced apart from one another in axial direction by a quantity greater than a maximum width W of the projections at a root or base portion 19 thereof, which is arranged flushed with the lateral surface 13.
  • the lateral surface 13 of the forming tool 5 is pushed in cooperation against a second lateral surface 16 of the annular blank workpiece 3 during the sandwiching step of the annular blank workpiece 3 between the forming tool 5 and mandrel 4 to form profile P1 by means of the complementary profile P of mandrel 4.
  • the lateral surface 13 of the forming tool is further made so as to be delimited between two axial shoulders 19 and 20 of the forming tool 5 defined by the two opposite cylindrical end stretches 21, 22.
  • the axial shoulders 15 are formed first, defined by annular grooves having a triangular cross-section, on the lateral surface 16 of the annular blank workpiece 3, by means of projections 14 which "incise" on surface 16.
  • the annular blank workpiece 3 is plastically deformed so as to make it thin in the radial direction and elongate it in the axial direction up to bring the annular blank workpiece 3 in abutment against the axial shoulders 19, 20 of the forming tool 5, while profile P of mandrel 4 impresses profile P1 on the blank workpiece 3.
  • the length of the annular blank workpiece 3 therefore changes, during the rolling operation, from a value L1 at the beginning of the operation to a maximum value L2 equal to the axial distance present between shoulders 19 and 20.
  • the axial locking shoulders 15 which are formed on the annular blank workpiece 3 have a height measured in radial direction comprised only between 1 and 2 tenths of a millimeter.
  • the apparatus and the method of forming by rolling described involve that at the end of the rolling operation on the lateral surface (outer, in the example shown) of element 2 having profile P1, "streals" consisting of micro-grooves 15 remain. Therefore, the method according to the invention further comprises a step of removing the axial locking shoulders 15, i.e. grooves 15, carried out on the element 2 obtained, after removing mandrel 4 and the forming tool 5.
  • Such a removal step of the axial locking shoulders 15 is carried out by subjecting the annular element 2 substantially already finished to a processing of surface 16 for chip removal ( figure 6 ) by means of a tool 25 or drawing of the lateral surface 16 provided with the axial locking shoulders (grooves) 15 by means of a die 26 ( figure 5 ).
  • a finished annular element 2 is obtained at the end, having the desired radial profile P1 and delimited by a lateral surface 16B opposite to profile P1 perfectly free of streaks, i.e. without grooves 15 which, in the initial step of the process of rolling profile P1, have allowed preventing undesired axial movements, albeit very small, of the annular blank workpiece 3.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
EP14195153.3A 2013-11-29 2014-11-27 Appareil de laminage à froid d'un élément annulaire, en particulier une bague de roulement, et procédé associé Withdrawn EP2889093A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000979A ITTO20130979A1 (it) 2013-11-29 2013-11-29 Apparecchiatura per la rullatura a freddo di un elemento anulare, in particolare un anello di cuscinetto di rotolamento, e metodo associato

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2889093A1 true EP2889093A1 (fr) 2015-07-01

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EP14195153.3A Withdrawn EP2889093A1 (fr) 2013-11-29 2014-11-27 Appareil de laminage à froid d'un élément annulaire, en particulier une bague de roulement, et procédé associé

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP2889093A1 (fr)
IT (1) ITTO20130979A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105215239A (zh) * 2015-09-23 2016-01-06 太原科技大学 一种凹槽斜内孔环件辗扩毛坯尺寸的设计方法
CN105396991A (zh) * 2015-12-02 2016-03-16 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 铝合金矩形环件各向同性的轧制方法
CN105562567A (zh) * 2015-12-02 2016-05-11 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 铁基高温合金矩形环件各向同性的轧制方法
CN107971437A (zh) * 2017-11-23 2018-05-01 方晓超 一种轴承外圈的加工方法
CN111420992A (zh) * 2020-01-03 2020-07-17 华中科技大学 一种轴向内筋筒形件的定径轧制成形方法
CN113084053A (zh) * 2021-03-25 2021-07-09 武汉理工大学 大型内轮廓突变截面环件轧挤复合近净成形方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3803890A (en) * 1969-12-31 1974-04-16 Nat Res Dev Rolling machines
WO1998032556A1 (fr) 1995-07-22 1998-07-30 Technische Universität Dresden Procede pour realiser des bagues par enlevement de matiere et formage combines, et machine correspondante
EP1385651A1 (fr) 2001-04-04 2004-02-04 Skf Industrie S.P.A. Procede et appareil de laminage a froid permettant de former des pieces annulaires
EP2644297A1 (fr) * 2012-03-26 2013-10-02 Aktiebolaget SKF Équipement pour fabriquer par laminage un élément annulaire de forme complexe, en particulier un insert d'acier pour bague externe d'un palier à roulement

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3803890A (en) * 1969-12-31 1974-04-16 Nat Res Dev Rolling machines
WO1998032556A1 (fr) 1995-07-22 1998-07-30 Technische Universität Dresden Procede pour realiser des bagues par enlevement de matiere et formage combines, et machine correspondante
EP1385651A1 (fr) 2001-04-04 2004-02-04 Skf Industrie S.P.A. Procede et appareil de laminage a froid permettant de former des pieces annulaires
EP2644297A1 (fr) * 2012-03-26 2013-10-02 Aktiebolaget SKF Équipement pour fabriquer par laminage un élément annulaire de forme complexe, en particulier un insert d'acier pour bague externe d'un palier à roulement

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105215239A (zh) * 2015-09-23 2016-01-06 太原科技大学 一种凹槽斜内孔环件辗扩毛坯尺寸的设计方法
CN105396991A (zh) * 2015-12-02 2016-03-16 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 铝合金矩形环件各向同性的轧制方法
CN105562567A (zh) * 2015-12-02 2016-05-11 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 铁基高温合金矩形环件各向同性的轧制方法
CN107971437A (zh) * 2017-11-23 2018-05-01 方晓超 一种轴承外圈的加工方法
CN111420992A (zh) * 2020-01-03 2020-07-17 华中科技大学 一种轴向内筋筒形件的定径轧制成形方法
CN111420992B (zh) * 2020-01-03 2021-06-11 华中科技大学 一种轴向内筋筒形件的定径轧制成形方法
CN113084053A (zh) * 2021-03-25 2021-07-09 武汉理工大学 大型内轮廓突变截面环件轧挤复合近净成形方法

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