EP2873463A1 - Dispositif de traitement - Google Patents

Dispositif de traitement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2873463A1
EP2873463A1 EP20130193344 EP13193344A EP2873463A1 EP 2873463 A1 EP2873463 A1 EP 2873463A1 EP 20130193344 EP20130193344 EP 20130193344 EP 13193344 A EP13193344 A EP 13193344A EP 2873463 A1 EP2873463 A1 EP 2873463A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
feed opening
processing device
kitchen waste
protective cover
feed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20130193344
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Markus Kubiesa
Fritz Dr Schneider
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BIOTrans AG
Original Assignee
BIOTrans AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BIOTrans AG filed Critical BIOTrans AG
Priority to EP20130193344 priority Critical patent/EP2873463A1/fr
Priority to PCT/EP2014/074843 priority patent/WO2015071481A1/fr
Publication of EP2873463A1 publication Critical patent/EP2873463A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/22—Feed or discharge means
    • B02C18/2225—Feed means
    • B02C18/2291—Feed chute arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C2018/168—User safety devices or measures in shredders

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a processing device for processing kitchen waste, in particular for processing organic kitchen waste in commercial kitchens, canteens, hotels, communal catering facilities and in the catering trade.
  • Organic kitchen waste in the form of catering waste and equipment waste, for example, in large kitchens, canteens, hotels, communal catering and in the catering every day in large quantities.
  • This organic kitchen waste can be used as a raw material for the production of renewable energy in biogas reactors.
  • Organic kitchen waste can roughly be divided into two different categories, namely food waste and set-aside waste. The division results both from the place of origin and from the character of the respective organic kitchen waste.
  • Food waste is understood as the remains of already prepared food. Food waste, for example, in the return of plates and trays by the respective guests, employees or patients, before these plates or trays are rinsed. For example, in hospitals, food waste typically accumulates around 250g per patient and meal. Also in the catering trade, hotel industry as well as in canteens large quantities of food waste accumulate.
  • Waste for example, fruit and vegetable husks, lettuce leaves and cabbage leaves, roots and other organic remains of not yet prepared food raw materials, which are prepared for the actual food preparation.
  • a system For disposal and storage of organic kitchen waste, a system is known in which the organic kitchen waste is placed in a disposal device in which they are crushed by means of a crushing device in the form of a grinder, partially with the addition of water so that they subsequently in a largely homogenized form can be pumped into appropriate storage tanks. From these storage tanks, the then largely homogenized biomass is transported by means of a transport vehicle to a biogas plant, in which the biomass is fermented without further treatment, wherein the fermentation resulting in fermentation gases, especially methane gas, for generating electrical energy and / or heat energy is used. In this way, organic kitchen waste can be recycled and recovered from this environmentally friendly renewable energy.
  • a grinder comminutes the kitchen and food wastes at 1000 to 2000 revolutions per minute. Since contact with the rotating parts of the grinder can lead to the most serious injuries, 100% working safety must be guaranteed.
  • a disposal apparatus for organic kitchen waste in which the working safety is provided by a lid which is equipped with a safety switch, which allows the operation of the crushing device only when the lid is closed. Accordingly, continuous operation for large volumes is not possible, but only one batch operation is possible.
  • a processing apparatus for processing kitchen waste comprising a shredder for shredding the kitchen waste, a feeder for feeding uncut kitchen waste to the crushing apparatus, and a machine cover covering the feeder at least during operation of the crushing apparatus.
  • the machine cover has a feed opening having an engagement protection for feeding uncut kitchen waste into the feed device.
  • the feed device and thus the comminution device can also be loaded during operation of the comminution device when the machine cover is closed.
  • the intervention protection at the same time provides effective protection of the operator. This makes it possible to efficiently feed even large quantities of kitchen waste without interrupting the production process. This is particularly important in the field of retraction of dishes on a conveyor belt, for example in a canteen of great importance.
  • the intervention protection ensures that an injury during operation is virtually eliminated. Accidental or intentional interference or slipping into the machine cover's feed opening is hindered by the intervening guard so as to preclude contact with the comminution device and thereby operator injury.
  • the feed of the uncut kitchen waste via the feed opening preferably takes place substantially centrally with respect to the feed device and from above the comminution device, so that the risk of blockages of the feed device by the uncut kitchen waste is reduced. Furthermore, the use of water to flush the kitchen waste into the crusher can be minimized, or the use of water for flooding the uncooked kitchen waste into the crusher can be completely eliminated.
  • the feed opening is preferably provided substantially vertically above the comminution device, which is provided for example in the form of a grinder, in the machine cover.
  • the engagement guard preferably has a protective cover which at least partially overlaps the feed opening and which is spaced from the feed opening on the machine cover is arranged.
  • the overlap in the plane of the machine cover ensures that direct intervention by an operator through the feed opening is avoided.
  • the protective cover is preferably arranged on the side of the machine cover facing the feed device. With the machine cover closed, the protective cover is thus below the feed opening, so that while an intervention of an operator is avoided in the feeder, the traffic area above the feed opening but is not affected by the protective cover.
  • a preferred form of the protective cover is a polygonal shape. Due to the polygonal shape, the provided angles can be adjusted accordingly to the rest of the geometry.
  • the protective cover has a tapering in the direction of the feed opening form, preferably a conical shape, a composite of at least two segments shape or a pyramid shape.
  • Kitchen waste that hits the protective cover can easily drain downwards without the need for an operator to move in here.
  • the safety can be further increased, since an operator does not feel the need to resort to pushing the kitchen waste into the feed opening.
  • the protective cover preferably has a greater overlap at the end of the feed opening facing away from the operator than at the end of the feed opening facing the operator.
  • the feed opening has the shape of a planar polygon, preferably a polygonal shape having at least one acute angle. At the acute angles, the limbs of an operator catch as he engages through the delivery port, thus blocking over-insertion of the limbs into the delivery port in this manner. This further reduces the risk of intervention in the comminution device.
  • the feed opening may preferably have the shape of a planar quadrilateral, particularly preferably a kite quadrilateral, a deltoid or a rhombus.
  • the number of corners of the protective cover differ from the number of corners of the feed opening. Due to the different polygonal design of the feeder and the protective cover so different large overlap areas can be formed, which are formed according to the anticipated engagement good health and safety at the same time good Einbring the kitchen waste.
  • a feed plate for placing the kitchen waste in the machine cover is preferably provided and the feed opening is arranged in the feed plate.
  • the feed plate is inclined towards the feed opening and particularly preferably has the shape of an inverted truncated pyramid, a funnel or a shape composed of at least two segments.
  • the engagement guard also advantageously has at least one transverse strut extending in the plane of the machine cover, which crosses through the feed opening and which preferably encloses an acute angle with an edge of the feed opening.
  • the corners of the feed opening pose a risk of unintentionally entering the danger zone of the processing device. Over the corners, an operator may accidentally get into the feed opening with the elbow, forearm, hand, or other extremities. If the corner is defined by an acute angle, the area narrows so much that the extremities can not pass through the feed opening there. Furthermore, the extremities are clamped in the respective acute angles, so that further insertion is prevented. In this case, despite the narrowing by the acute angle, the base of the feed opening remains large, so that a large substance throughput is possible.
  • the engagement guard may further include at least one support strut extending out of the plane of the engine cover, preferably for spaced retention of a protective cover.
  • the gap between the feed opening and protective cover can further be divided so far that too deep engagement can be prevented.
  • the feed device is preferably dimensioned such that the engagement protection cooperates with the feed device in such a way that intervention of an operator in the comminution device is prevented.
  • FIGS. 1 to 8 a processing device 1 in a first embodiment in different perspectives and in a sectional view is shown.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a processing device 1, which is used for processing and disposal of organic kitchen waste, especially food waste or set-up waste.
  • a processing device 1 is usually provided in a canteen kitchen, a canteen or other food processing operation, for example, to process the resulting organic kitchen waste, which is produced during the production of food. With such a processing device 1 and organic kitchen waste can be processed in the form of returning food, which were not consumed by the guests.
  • the processing apparatus 1 is either in the area of the setup stations in which organic food is pretreated, for example peeled, or in the field of rinsing stations, in which trays and plates are emptied with food waste, arranged to process the respective accumulating organic waste.
  • the processing apparatus 1 comprises a base housing 10 and a machine cover 12 which, as can be seen for example FIG. 2 can be opened to a funnel-shaped feed device 20, which the organic kitchen waste finally to a crushing device 22, which for example in the sectional view in FIG. 5 indicated schematically supply.
  • a funnel-shaped feed device 20 which the organic kitchen waste finally to a crushing device 22, which for example in the sectional view in FIG. 5 indicated schematically supply.
  • the organic wastes are ground into an easy-to-pump slurry which can then be disposed of.
  • the processing apparatus 1 is shown in different views.
  • the processing apparatus 1 is shown with the machine cover 12 open, such that the funnel-shaped delivery device 20 is clearly visible.
  • the feeding device 20 can be substantially hermetically sealed to the machine cover 12, wherein in the machine cover 12, a hood-shaped inner region 120 is provided, which forms a sealing edge 122, which can be brought into engagement with a corresponding seal receptacle 112 on the base housing 10 is.
  • an elastomeric seal can be inserted, by means of which a completely hermetic sealing of the machine cover 12 with the base housing 10 and in particular with the feeding device 20 is achieved.
  • the funnel-shaped supply device 20 is sealed at the top, so that splashing out of processed in the processing device, such as organic kitchen waste is prevented.
  • the machine cover 12 further provides protection which prevents an operator from interfering with the feeder 20, and in particular the shredder 22, during operation. Such intervention in the comminution device can lead to severe injury to the operator and must therefore be avoided in any case. This is particularly the case, since the overall height of the processing device 1 is designed so that it can be easily reached by an operator, and in particular the top edge of the machine cover 12 is located at the usual in kitchens working height between 850 and 950 mm. Here the danger is particularly great that through Slipping or other uncontrolled unintended movements can reach the extremities of an operator in the danger zone of the processing device 1.
  • a safety switch 3 is provided, which only allows starting of the comminuting device 22 when the machine cover 12 is completely closed.
  • the safety switch 3 further provides for an immediate stop of the crushing device 22 when the engine cover 12 is opened.
  • the safety switch 3 is how, for example, off FIG. 5 results, provided in the region of the connection of the machine cover 12 on the base housing 10.
  • the safety switch 3 is disposed on the axle supporting the engine cover 12. In other embodiments, the safety switch may also be provided at other positions.
  • a handle 124 is attached to the front of the machine cover 12, on which the machine cover can be opened upwards.
  • the machine cover 12 is provided with a schematically illustrated opening aid 126, for example in the form of a steel spring mechanism or a motor support.
  • the machine cover 12 in the example in the FIGS. 2 to 4 shown open position for example, to perform cleaning and maintenance, or to solve any blockages occurring in the processing machine.
  • a feed opening 4 is provided in the machine cover 12, via which uncrushed kitchen waste can be fed into the feed device 20 and thus finally into the comminuting device 22.
  • the supply port 4 is disposed in a central portion of the machine cover 12 in the illustrated embodiment and accordingly enables the convenience of introducing kitchen waste into the feeder 20. For feeding the kitchen waste through the feed opening 4 into the feeder 20, it is not necessary to feed the machine cover 12 open, so that a feed can take place during operation of the crushing device 22.
  • a task plate 40 of the machine cover 12 is provided, on which, for example, plates and trays can be easily distributed without the operator would have to aim very precisely in the feed opening 4.
  • the task plate 40, in which also the feed opening 4 is arranged, is slightly funnel-shaped.
  • the feed plate 40 of the machine cover 12 includes five segments which form a slope of the feed plate 40 to the feed opening 4, so that kitchen waste, which does not get directly into the feed opening 4, can flow into the feed opening 4, or at least not can flow over the machine cover 12 away to the outside.
  • This feeding can take place without the addition of further water, so that the water consumption of the proposed processing device 1 is very low, which is also reflected in a cost savings, since the additional volume of water does not have to be disposed of.
  • the feed opening 4 is provided with an engagement guard 5.
  • the engagement protection 5 has in the embodiment shown on several elements that form the desired protective effect in interaction, but also individually.
  • a protective cover 50 is provided which is arranged on the inside of the machine cover 12, that is to say on the side of the machine cover 12 facing the feeding device 20 or the comminuting device 22.
  • the protective cover 50 is, as can be seen for example from the FIGS. 2 to 5 results so spaced from the feed opening 4 arranged that exists between the feed opening 4 forming edges 42 in the feed plate 40 of the machine cover 12 and the protective cover 50, a sufficiently extensive gap through which the kitchen waste can get into the feeder 20.
  • the protective cover 50 is in the in the FIGS. 1 to 8 shown first embodiment, as is apparent from the figures directly, and in particular from FIG. 4 , is formed so that it completely overlaps the feed opening 4 in the plane of the machine cover 12. In other words are the edges 42 of the feed opening 4 viewed in a direct plan view of the protective cover 50.
  • the protective cover 50 is embodied as a seven-cornered one and has, in particular, six triangular segments 500 which are assembled in a pyramidal shape such that kitchen waste, which reaches the protective cover 50 through the feed opening 4, becomes one side, depending on the location of impact on the protective cover 50 flow out into the feeder 20 towards or even on all sides and get into the crushing device 22 on a short path.
  • the protective cover 50 is correspondingly pointed to the feed opening 4 formed, as can be seen for example from the side view in FIG. 3 or the sectional view FIG. 5 directly results.
  • the outline shape of the protective cover 50 does not correspond in the embodiment shown with the shape of the feed opening 4.
  • the feed opening 4 is formed substantially in the shape of a kite quadrilateral or a deltoid. It can be achieved in this way that, in combination with the underlying protective cover 50, an intervention by an operator in the comminution device 22 is ruled out, since the angles occurring are too acute for them to be penetrated by the extremities of an operator without the extremities would get caught in the pronounced acute angle. In other words, the intervention of an operator by the feed opening 4 is automatically blocked by the geometric shape of the feed opening 4 itself in combination with the geometric shape of the protective cover 50 in combination with their spacing from the edges 42 of the feed opening 4.
  • the engagement protection 5 comprises as a further element a transverse strut 52, which extends substantially in the plane of the machine cover 12.
  • the cross member 52 passes through the supply opening 4 in such a way that the supply opening 4 is subdivided.
  • the cross member 52 causes characterized in that more acute angles between the edges 42 of the feed opening 4 and the cross member 52 arise, in which in turn limbs of an operator can catch, such that engagement by the feed opening is not possible, or by capturing the Limbs is blocked.
  • the engagement guard 5 includes support struts 54 provided primarily for holding the protection cover 50 to the engine cover 12 at the predetermined interval.
  • the support struts 54 extend from the machine cover 12 and serve at the same time also to subdivide the feed path through the feed opening 4 even smaller, so that an intervention by an operator in the comminution device 22 is also prevented here.
  • a holding strut 54 may also be arranged on the cross strut 52, so that the cross strut 52 may also have the property of a holding strut, since it carries a holding strut 54 for holding the protective cover 50.
  • the machine cover 12 is shown alone and in perspective views to illustrate the interaction between the design of the feed opening 4 and the engagement guard 5.
  • the feed opening 4 defining edge 42 in the feed plate 40 of the machine cover 12 is in the form of a polygon, wherein the polygon has four corners and has substantially the shape of a kite quadrilateral, a deltoid, a diamond or a rhombus.
  • the kite quad shown in the figures, gives an acute angle 420 at the corner of the edge 42 facing the operator. At this acute angle 420, which represents the most vulnerable position since it is most directly associated with the operator, serves to Then catch extremities of the operator when he accidentally wants to intervene through the feed opening 4.
  • transverse strut 52 further acute angles at the positions 422, 424, 426 and 428 are formed, which also the extremities of an operator who inadvertently engages through the feed opening 4, capture. This is for example in the FIGS. 7 and 8 illustrated.
  • the protective cover 50 is provided, which prevents a direct intervention from above into the feeding device 20 into it. Due to the overlapping training a direct, so vertical, intervention is immediately prevented.
  • kitchen waste introduced through the feed opening 4 can be easily introduced into the feeder 20 through the gap formed between the protective cover 50 and the edge 42 in the feed plate 40.
  • the protective cover 50 is also designed so that it has a polygonal circumference.
  • the protective cover 50 has seven corners, and thus a different number of corners, than the feed opening 4.
  • the feed opening 4 has four corners
  • the protective cover 50 has seven corners.
  • the protective cover 50 is also wider in the area farther away from the operator where it can potentially engage at a shallower angle through the feed opening 4. Accordingly, here the overlap between the feed opening 4 and the protective cover 50 is significantly larger, so that an inadvertent intervention of an operator, for example, if it slips and passes with an arm through the feed opening 4, is sufficient so that contact with the crushing device 22 is excluded ,
  • the shown geometry of the feed opening 4 in combination with the protective cover 50 achieves a high safety standard by means of which it can be prevented that an operator can intentionally or unintentionally intervene in the current comminution device 22.
  • a processing apparatus 1 is shown in a second embodiment.
  • the processing apparatus 1 itself is basically constructed as that shown in the first embodiment. Again, an operation of the processing device 1 is possible only when the machine cover 12 is closed.
  • a task plate 40 is provided, which in turn has an inclined to the feed opening 4 embodiment, in which case only a wedge-shaped configuration is provided. Accordingly, although an overflow of discontinued on the task plate 40 kitchen waste is avoided and this moves due to the wedge effect in the direction of the feed opening 4, a complete clearing of the task plate 40 alone, for example, by the vibrations of the processing device 1, but does not take place here.
  • the feed opening 4 is again polygonal, in particular in the form of a kite quadrilateral, and correspondingly has the acute angles described in the previous exemplary embodiment, which allow trapping of the extremities of an operator.
  • the processing apparatus 1 is shown with the machine cover open and it can be seen that the protective cover 50 is similarly held on the machine cover 12 via support struts 54.
  • the protective cover 50 is provided with a wedge shape, substantially opposite to the task plate 40, so that kitchen waste applied to the protective cover 50 drains into the feeder 20.
  • the protective cover 50 overlaps the supply port 4 so as to reliably provide engagement protection.
  • the in the FIGS. 9 to 12 embodiment shown also represents a reliable engagement protection, but is easier to manufacture from the manufacture, since both the task plate 40 and the protective cover 50 each consist of only two individual segments. As a result, manufacturing costs can be reduced.
  • a narrower processing device 1 which accordingly also has a narrower feeding device 20, such that an operator who engages through the feed opening 4, is guided by the protective cover 50 in the side regions directly to the outer wall of the feeding device 20.
  • a limb of an operator which engages through the feed opening 4 in the lateral direction, can be inserted a little way, but then immediately stopped by the wall of the feeder 20.
  • the rear end of the protective cover 50 in the side facing away from the operator is further dimensioned so that an operator, even if he should adversely engage through the feed opening 4, is also stopped directly on the wall of the feed opening 20 and, accordingly, an intervention in the crushing device 22nd in operation is not possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
EP20130193344 2013-11-18 2013-11-18 Dispositif de traitement Withdrawn EP2873463A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20130193344 EP2873463A1 (fr) 2013-11-18 2013-11-18 Dispositif de traitement
PCT/EP2014/074843 WO2015071481A1 (fr) 2013-11-18 2014-11-18 Dispositif de traitement

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20130193344 EP2873463A1 (fr) 2013-11-18 2013-11-18 Dispositif de traitement

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2873463A1 true EP2873463A1 (fr) 2015-05-20

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20130193344 Withdrawn EP2873463A1 (fr) 2013-11-18 2013-11-18 Dispositif de traitement

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EP (1) EP2873463A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015071481A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB524402A (en) * 1939-01-30 1940-08-06 James Aloysius Maclaughlin Improvements relating to safety devices for mincing and the like machines
US2505674A (en) * 1945-11-20 1950-04-25 Jeffrey Mfg Co Garbage grinder and feeder
US3071328A (en) * 1959-06-11 1963-01-01 Aaron L Higer Garbage grinding machine
GB1153612A (en) * 1966-04-07 1969-05-29 Thomas Cropper Ryley Shepherd Improvements relating to Comminuting Apparatus
US3463405A (en) * 1966-02-10 1969-08-26 Peter Scott Shepherd Material comminution apparatus

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2492405B1 (fr) 2011-02-23 2018-04-11 BioTrans AG Dispositif d'élimination des déchets pour déchets de cuisine organiques et entraîneur pour un tel dispositif d'élimination des déchets

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB524402A (en) * 1939-01-30 1940-08-06 James Aloysius Maclaughlin Improvements relating to safety devices for mincing and the like machines
US2505674A (en) * 1945-11-20 1950-04-25 Jeffrey Mfg Co Garbage grinder and feeder
US3071328A (en) * 1959-06-11 1963-01-01 Aaron L Higer Garbage grinding machine
US3463405A (en) * 1966-02-10 1969-08-26 Peter Scott Shepherd Material comminution apparatus
GB1153612A (en) * 1966-04-07 1969-05-29 Thomas Cropper Ryley Shepherd Improvements relating to Comminuting Apparatus

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Publication number Publication date
WO2015071481A1 (fr) 2015-05-21

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