EP2851455A1 - Revêtement anti-usure fabriqué par procédé galvanique et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Revêtement anti-usure fabriqué par procédé galvanique et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2851455A1
EP2851455A1 EP14179103.8A EP14179103A EP2851455A1 EP 2851455 A1 EP2851455 A1 EP 2851455A1 EP 14179103 A EP14179103 A EP 14179103A EP 2851455 A1 EP2851455 A1 EP 2851455A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
particles
weight
electrolyte
component
hard material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14179103.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2851455B1 (fr
Inventor
André Werner
Josef Linska
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MTU Aero Engines AG
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MTU Aero Engines AG
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Publication of EP2851455A1 publication Critical patent/EP2851455A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2851455B1 publication Critical patent/EP2851455B1/fr
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D15/00—Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/09—Mixtures of metallic powders
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/058—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium without Mo and W
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/07—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on cobalt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
    • C22C27/06—Alloys based on chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
    • C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
    • C25D3/12—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of nickel or cobalt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
    • C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
    • C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
    • C25D3/562—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of iron or nickel or cobalt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
    • C25D5/50—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces by heat-treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
    • B22F2301/05—Light metals
    • B22F2301/052—Aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
    • B22F2301/15—Nickel or cobalt
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
    • B22F2301/20—Refractory metals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12049—Nonmetal component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12049—Nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12056—Entirely inorganic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a galvanically produced wear protection coating and to a corresponding process for its production.
  • turbomachines such as stationary gas turbines or aircraft engines
  • certain components are exposed to high temperatures and aggressive media, which require appropriate protection of the components, for example by coatings.
  • coatings for example, it is known to provide components in turbomachinery with various coatings serving different purposes, such as hot gas corrosion protection coatings, wear protection coatings, and the like.
  • High-temperature wear protection layers usually include hard materials that can withstand wear.
  • Such high-temperature wear protection layers are applied according to the state of the art by build-up welding or thermal spraying.
  • thermal spraying or build-up welding not all component areas of a component for the application of a corresponding high-temperature wear protective layer accessible and by locally different thermal loads on the component during thermal spraying or build-up welding may lead to undesirable inhomogeneities in the wear protection layers or the underlying base material.
  • the corresponding method should enable a homogeneous wear protection coating with good adhesion to the component to be coated and be as simple and effective as possible.
  • the invention is based on the idea that a wear protection coating, which comprises hard material particles and / or lubricant particles, can be produced by a galvanic production method, wherein the hard material particles and / or lubricant particles can be dispersed in a corresponding electrolyte bath.
  • the invention builds on the fact that it is already known to deposit hot gas corrosion layers galvanically, as for example in the documents EP 0 424 863 A1 . DE 38 15 976 A1 and the US 4,895,625 A is described. Accordingly, a wear protection coating with an MCrAl matrix in which M stands for Co and / or Ni is proposed, in which hard material particles and / or lubricant particles are embedded in the matrix.
  • the hard material particles and / or lubricant particles may be contained together in a proportion of 5% by volume to 40% by volume, in particular 10% by volume to 30% by volume, in the wear protection coating and the matrix of the wear protection coating may be 15% by weight to 50% % By weight, in particular 20% by weight to 40% by weight cobalt and / or 15% by weight to 50% by weight, in particular 20% by weight to 40% by weight nickel, 10% by weight to 30% by weight, in particular from 10% by weight to 25% by weight of chromium and from 1% by weight to 10% by weight, in particular from 2% by weight to 8% by weight, of aluminum.
  • composition is of course always 100 wt.% Results, wherein the ingredients are to be selected within the specified ranges and possibly additional alloying ingredients must be added. If, for example, both cobalt and nickel are provided in the matrix of the anti-wear coating, then the maximum values of the specified ranges, ie in each case 50% by weight, can not be realized since at least 10% by weight of chromium and 1% by weight of aluminum must continue to be present , However, if, for example, only cobalt is contained in the matrix, then the cobalt content can be selected in the entire specified range, since in addition to the other specified constituents chromium and aluminum, additional alloying constituents may be present.
  • the following components can be used in suitable concentrations or amounts in the process for producing a wear-resistant coating described below.
  • an electrolyte which contains cobalt and / or nickel.
  • first particles are dispersed, wherein the first particles comprise hard material particles and / or Gleitstoffp
  • second particles are dispersed in the electrolyte, the second particles comprising metal alloy particles in which the metal alloy comprises chromium and aluminum.
  • the first particles serve to introduce the hard material particles and / or lubricant particles provided in the wear protection coating to be produced, while the second particles in the form of the metal alloy particles serve to form the MCrAl matrix together with the electrolytes containing cobalt and / or nickel.
  • a suitably prepared electrolyte, in which the first and second particles are dispersed, is used for the electrodeposition of a layer on a component to be coated.
  • the electrodeposited layer thus comprises a matrix of cobalt and / or nickel corresponding to the composition of the electrolyte as well as embedded first and second particles.
  • the electrodeposited coating can be subjected to a heat treatment in which the embedded metal alloy particles are dissolved and together with the deposited matrix of cobalt and / or nickel form a corresponding MCrAl matrix in which M is formed by cobalt and / or nickel.
  • the heat treatment may be carried out at a temperature of 950 ° C to 1200 ° C, in particular 1000 ° C to 1150 ° C for 2 to 20 hours, in particular between 5 and 15 hours.
  • the heat treatment can be carried out under vacuum, whereby the component and the electrodeposited layer can be homogeneously exposed together to the corresponding temperature.
  • a local heating of the electrodeposited layer by a surface heating can be made.
  • the cobalt and / or nickel-containing electrolyte for electrodeposition may include nickel sulfate and / or cobalt sulfate. Further, sodium chloride and / or boric acid may be present in the electrolyte.
  • the metal alloy of the metal alloy particles may be formed by CrAl, CrAlY, CrAlHf, CrAlYHf, CrAlTa, CrAlYTa, CrAlSi, MoCrSiAl, CrCoAl, CrNiAl, and alloys of chromium and aluminum containing at least one or more elements selected from yttrium, hafnium, tantalum, silicon , Molybdenum, nickel and cobalt.
  • the first and second particles, ie the hard material and / or lubricant particles, and the metal alloy particles may each be provided in the electrolyte in a proportion of 50 g / l to 300 g / l, preferably a total amount of particles in the range 300 g / l up to 400 g / l should not be exceeded.
  • the first particles may have a maximum or average particle size of less than or equal to 10 .mu.m, in particular between 1 .mu.m and 5 .mu.m, while the second particles may have a maximum or average particle size of less than or equal to 15 .mu.m, in particular between 1 .mu.m and 5 .mu.m.
  • the first particles in the form of hard material particles and / or lubricant particles may have a metallic shell, in particular a shell which comprises or is formed from nickel and / or cobalt, in order to introduce the hard material particles and / or lubricant particles in the galvanic process with dispersed electrolyte improve.
  • the first particles may include lubricant particles in the form of solid lubricants, particularly in the form of hexagonal boron nitride, to reduce wear through improved sliding movement of the coating with the wear components.
  • the first particles in the form of hard material particles can be formed by oxides, in particular chromium oxide or zirconium oxide, which protect the underlying component by its hardness and thus resistance to the wear partners.
  • the invention provides the possibility of creating a wear protection coating suitable for turbomachines with an MCrAl matrix with incorporated hard material particles and / or lubricant particles, which can be applied uniformly to a component even in hard-to-reach areas without undue, in particular inhomogeneous temperature loads.
  • the Fig. 1 shows an electrolyte 3 in an electrolyte bath in which first particles 1 and second particles 2 are dispersed.
  • the electrolyte is a mixture of cobalt sulfate, nickel sulfate, boric acid and sodium chloride, for example 240 g / l cobalt sulphate, 240 g / l nickel sulphate, 35 g / l boric acid and 20 g / l sodium chloride.
  • the ph value of the electrolyte is set between 4.5 and 4.7.
  • the first particles 1, which are dispersed in the electrolyte 3, are hard material particles and / or lubricant particles.
  • the hard material particles may be formed by oxides and in the present preferred embodiment, the hard material particles are formed by chromium oxide or zirconium oxide, which are added in the form of particles having average particle sizes of 5 microns in an amount of 100 g / l to the electrolyte.
  • the first particles are formed by lubricant particles formed by a solid lubricant such as hexagonal boron nitride. The lubricant particles are also dispersed in the electrolyte with an average particle size of 5 ⁇ m at a concentration of 100 g / l.
  • the second particles 2 contained in the electrolyte 3 are metal alloy particles containing at least chromium and aluminum, especially predominantly chromium and aluminum. Predominantly, this means that the sum of the proportions of chromium and aluminum form the largest alloying constituent of the metal alloy particles, in particular make up more than 50% by weight of the metal alloy of the metal alloy particles.
  • the second particles 2 can also be dispersed in the electrolyte 3 with an average particle size of 5 microns in an amount of 200 g / l.
  • the electrolyte is brought to a temperature of 30 ° C to 70 ° C and kept in motion by suitable stirrers or the like, so that the dispersed first and second particles 1, 2 are uniformly distributed in the electrolyte 3.
  • the Fig. 2 shows the electrolyte bath Fig. 1 in a galvanic deposition of a wear protection coating according to the invention on a component 4.
  • the component is connected as a cathode to a power supply 6, while an additional anode 5 is arranged in the electrolyte bath.
  • the Fig. 3 shows the component 4 with the deposited layer 7, which has a NiCo matrix with embedded first particles 1 and second particles 2.
  • the current density in the electrodeposition may be in the range of 1 to 10 A / dm 2 .
  • the deposited layer 7 is heat-treated together with the component 4 in a temperature range of 1000 to 1150 ° C. for 5 to 15 hours under vacuum, so that the second particles 2 are made of a CrAl alloy together with the CoNi matrix of the deposited ones Layer form a CoNiCrAl matrix in which hard material particles 9a of chromium and / or zirconium oxide and lubricant particles 9b of hexagonal boron nitride are present in the CoNiCrAl matrix in order to form the wear protection coating 10 on the component 4.
  • a CrAlY alloy is used for the second particles 2, then a CoNiCrAlY matrix 8 of the wear protection coating 10 is formed.
  • the first particles 1 are provided with a metal shell of nickel and / or cobalt, which in the heat treatment step between the 3 and 4 dissolves in the matrix 8, so that the hard material particles 9a and the Gleitstoffpelle 9b are present without surrounding casing in the wear-resistant coating 10.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
EP14179103.8A 2013-09-18 2014-07-30 Procédé de fabrication d'un revêtement anti-usure Active EP2851455B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013218687.8A DE102013218687A1 (de) 2013-09-18 2013-09-18 Galvanisch hergestellte Verschleißschutzbeschichtung und Verfahren hierfür

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2851455A1 true EP2851455A1 (fr) 2015-03-25
EP2851455B1 EP2851455B1 (fr) 2019-03-13

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EP14179103.8A Active EP2851455B1 (fr) 2013-09-18 2014-07-30 Procédé de fabrication d'un revêtement anti-usure

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US10428437B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2851455B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102013218687A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016221871A1 (de) * 2016-11-08 2018-05-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gasturbinenbauteil und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines erosionsgeschützten Gasturbinenbauteils
CN110396710A (zh) * 2019-08-08 2019-11-01 温州中牙模具有限公司 一种耐磨搓丝板及其生产工艺

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11859499B2 (en) 2015-11-10 2024-01-02 Oerlikon Surface Solutions Ag, Pfäffikon Turbine clearance control coatings and method
EP3385406B1 (fr) * 2015-12-01 2021-01-20 IHI Corporation Composant coulissant pourvu d'un revêtement résistant à l'usure et procédé de formation d'un revêtement résistant à l'usure
FR3085172B1 (fr) * 2018-08-22 2021-03-05 Safran Aircraft Engines Revetement abradable pour aubes tournantes d'une turbomachine

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DE3815976A1 (de) 1988-05-10 1989-11-23 Mtu Muenchen Gmbh Verfahren zur erzeugung galvanisch abgeschiedener heissgaskorrosionsschichten
EP0484115A1 (fr) * 1990-11-01 1992-05-06 General Electric Company Extrémité abrasive pour aube de turbine
WO1999024647A1 (fr) * 1997-11-06 1999-05-20 Chromalloy Gas Turbine Corporation Procede de production d'extremites abrasives d'aubes de turbine a gaz
EP1408197A1 (fr) * 2001-06-13 2004-04-14 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Procede de formation d'une couche resistant a l'abrasion pour aubes en deplacement, couche resistant a l'abrasion et procede de regeneration de celle-ci, et turbine a gaz y relative
DE102006016995A1 (de) * 2006-04-11 2007-10-18 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Bauteil mit einer Panzerung
WO2008034774A2 (fr) * 2006-09-21 2008-03-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé destiné à réaliser une couche sur un support
EP2096194A2 (fr) * 2008-02-19 2009-09-02 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Revêtement protecteur pour joints métalliques
DE102010040469B3 (de) * 2010-09-09 2012-01-12 Federal-Mogul Wiesbaden Gmbh Schichtverbundwerkstoff für Gleitelemente, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und Verwendung

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WO1982000162A1 (fr) * 1980-07-02 1982-01-21 Kedward E Revetement composite electro-depose et procede de formation de celui-ci
DE3815976A1 (de) 1988-05-10 1989-11-23 Mtu Muenchen Gmbh Verfahren zur erzeugung galvanisch abgeschiedener heissgaskorrosionsschichten
US4895625A (en) 1988-05-10 1990-01-23 Mtu Motoren-Und Turbinen-Union Muenchen Gmbh Method for producing a galvanically deposited protection layer against hot gas corrosion
EP0424863A1 (fr) 1988-05-10 1991-05-02 Mtu Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union MàœNchen Gmbh Procédé pour déposer électrolytiquement une couche métallique résistant à la corrosion due aux gaz chauds
EP0484115A1 (fr) * 1990-11-01 1992-05-06 General Electric Company Extrémité abrasive pour aube de turbine
WO1999024647A1 (fr) * 1997-11-06 1999-05-20 Chromalloy Gas Turbine Corporation Procede de production d'extremites abrasives d'aubes de turbine a gaz
EP1408197A1 (fr) * 2001-06-13 2004-04-14 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Procede de formation d'une couche resistant a l'abrasion pour aubes en deplacement, couche resistant a l'abrasion et procede de regeneration de celle-ci, et turbine a gaz y relative
DE102006016995A1 (de) * 2006-04-11 2007-10-18 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Bauteil mit einer Panzerung
WO2008034774A2 (fr) * 2006-09-21 2008-03-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé destiné à réaliser une couche sur un support
EP2096194A2 (fr) * 2008-02-19 2009-09-02 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Revêtement protecteur pour joints métalliques
DE102010040469B3 (de) * 2010-09-09 2012-01-12 Federal-Mogul Wiesbaden Gmbh Schichtverbundwerkstoff für Gleitelemente, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und Verwendung

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016221871A1 (de) * 2016-11-08 2018-05-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gasturbinenbauteil und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines erosionsgeschützten Gasturbinenbauteils
CN110396710A (zh) * 2019-08-08 2019-11-01 温州中牙模具有限公司 一种耐磨搓丝板及其生产工艺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102013218687A1 (de) 2015-04-02
US10428437B2 (en) 2019-10-01
US20150075327A1 (en) 2015-03-19
EP2851455B1 (fr) 2019-03-13

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