EP2841862B1 - Couche intérieure réfractaire pour fours industriels - Google Patents

Couche intérieure réfractaire pour fours industriels Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2841862B1
EP2841862B1 EP13719788.5A EP13719788A EP2841862B1 EP 2841862 B1 EP2841862 B1 EP 2841862B1 EP 13719788 A EP13719788 A EP 13719788A EP 2841862 B1 EP2841862 B1 EP 2841862B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
recess
surface normal
tenon
wall
middle layer
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Application number
EP13719788.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2841862A2 (fr
Inventor
Markus Horn
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Juenger and Grater GmbH
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Juenger and Grater GmbH
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Publication of EP2841862A2 publication Critical patent/EP2841862A2/fr
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Publication of EP2841862B1 publication Critical patent/EP2841862B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
    • F27D1/0006—Linings or walls formed from bricks or layers with a particular composition or specific characteristics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
    • F27D1/004—Linings or walls comprising means for securing bricks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/14—Supports for linings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a protective lining for an industrial furnace wall of an adiabatic combustion chamber as defined in claim 1, comprising an inner refractory layer and a middle layer disposed between the inner layer and the industrial furnace wall, the inner layer being formed of a plurality of juxtaposed wall elements arranged over a plurality of wall elements Anchor are mechanically coupled to the industrial furnace wall, wherein the wall element facing the middle layer, a surface normal N having back A3 and the middle layer has an inner layer I4 facing the inner layer.
  • an insulating layer may be provided between the industrial furnace wall and the middle layer.
  • the invention further relates to a wall element of an inner refractory layer, as defined in claim 4, for an industrial furnace wall provided with a middle layer and / or optionally an insulating layer, having a back surface A3 having a surface normal N and facing the middle layer, having a thickness of Height d and with an opposite to the rear A3 arranged inside I3.
  • Industrial furnaces with an internal insulation layer are also referred to as adiabatic combustion chambers due to the isolation.
  • the invention also relates to a wall part as defined in claim 8, an intermediate layer which can be applied between a refractory inner layer and an industrial furnace wall and / or optionally an insulating layer with an inner side 14 which can be turned into the inner layer and has a surface normal N.
  • the industrial furnace wall is made of steel and stored in a housing formed of steel columns.
  • the invention relates to a wall element of an inner refractory layer for an industrial furnace wall provided with a middle layer and an insulation layer.
  • the thermal expansion of the inner layer is substantially larger than that of the industrial furnace wall. Due to the middle layer and in particular the insulating layer, the industrial furnace wall thus remains relatively cool, so that the increased thermal expansion of the inner layer not also done by the industrial furnace wall. Consequently, expansion joints are necessary between the wall elements, over which this increased thermal expansion within the inner layer can be compensated. These expansion joints are provided at different distances and relatively large.
  • Façade elements which are attached using a dovetail joint.
  • DE 1 001 447 A describes a fire door also consisting of a two-layer structure, ie refractory bricks on the inside, which are cast over a casting material on a dovetail-shaped indentation. Accordingly, these two layers are likewise cast directly without spacing and are coupled to the running rail via a sliding plate likewise embedded in the potting compound.
  • US 3,657,399 A describes a protective lining having an inner refractory layer and a cast-material retention layer, with only the retaining layer anchored to the furnace wall.
  • DE 2 211 906 A describes the masonry structure of a fire wall consisting of several blocks, which according to the embodiment of Figure 14 at least in pairs have a dovetail-shaped expression.
  • the blocks are inserted into each other to build the dovetail connection in the vertical direction and form two wall layers, which are applied directly against each other without a gap.
  • the dovetail connection does not form a positive connection in the vertical direction.
  • only one wall layer is provided, which is fastened by separate metal anchors to the furnace wall at a distance.
  • a middle class is not provided.
  • EP 1 124 094 A1 A protective layer is provided, which is fastened by means of metal anchors at a distance from the tube wall, the existing gap being filled with casting compound.
  • a similar structure is from the US 1,806,113 A known. It is a protective layer provided, which are attached via wall anchors at a distance from the furnace wall.
  • a likewise wall-shaped two-layer construction is in the document FR 2 705 443 A described. Both wall layers are coupled via a dovetail connection and applied without spacing directly against each other.
  • BE 527 969 A is an angled pin-groove connection.
  • the lining has, in addition to two insulating layers on a protective layer of refractory blocks, which are anchored via steel anchors to a furnace wall made of metal.
  • a circumferential groove is formed in the narrow sides of each block, wherein at least one steel anchor engages with its tip in the groove for the purpose of anchoring the same.
  • a similar lining for adiabatic combustion chambers is from the DE 39 09 340 A1 known. However, the anchors are guided through a hole in the respective block.
  • the protective layer Due to the insulating layers between the furnace wall and the protective layer, these two elements have very different temperatures during operation, resulting in correspondingly different thermal expansions. These different thermal expansions are counteracted by dividing the protective layer into a plurality of subfields, which are each composed of a plurality of blocks.
  • the subfields are spaced apart by expansion joints which are filled with flexible sealant such as preferably ceramic fibers. Within a subfield no expansion joints are provided, since the existing gaps between the blocks of a subfield are sealed with mortar or cement, which hardens after heating.
  • wall linings for fuel boilers which serve to protect the attached to the boiler wall heat exchanger tubes. Since such a wall lining is arranged directly on the boiler wall, similar temperatures, ie a similar thermal expansion, are present for both elements during operation. Expansion joints are therefore not necessary with such a wall lining.
  • the object of the invention is to design and arrange a refractory inner layer or wall element and a wall part for an adiabatic combustion chamber such that a subdivision into subfields and thus the arrangement of expansion joints between the subfields is avoided.
  • the wall element on the back A3 has at least one pin or a recess and the middle layer at least one corresponding recess or a corresponding pin has, wherein the pin is inserted in the direction R of the surface normal N in the recess and between the pin and the recess a perpendicular to the surface normal N acting positive locking F is formed, wherein formed by the pin or as a spacer spacers with a potting compound filled or at least fillable space between the middle layer and the inner layer is formed or provided.
  • potting compound for example, concrete comes into consideration.
  • the potting compound fills the space, and therefore also the gaps between the pins and the recesses, so that a secure mounting of the respective wall element on the middle layer or a wall part thereof is ensured.
  • an extended protection of the middle class is guaranteed.
  • the pin can be inserted into the recess in the direction R of the surface normal N, the pin is smaller in diameter than the opening cross section of the recess.
  • the pin could also be hook-shaped, so that a lateral movement would be necessary for insertion.
  • this would go along with the fact that, at least in the case of wall elements at the edge where no lateral offset is possible due to the installation space conditions, the pin could not be inserted into the recess.
  • the object is achieved in that on the rear side A3 at least one in the direction R of the surface normal N extending pin is provided as part of the wall element or at least one in the direction R of the surface normal N extending recess in a perpendicular to the surface normal N acting positive locking F can be brought with a recess or a pin of a middle layer, wherein the pin serves as a spacer and in a recess of a middle layer in the direction R of the surface normal N against a middle layer can be applied or that in addition to the pin at least one spacer element in the form of a survey provided on the back A3, which can be applied against a middle layer.
  • the inner side I4 has at least one recess extending in the direction R of the surface normal N or at least one peg extending in the direction R of the surface normal N, the / in a perpendicular to the surface normal N acting form fit F with a Recess or a pin of an inner layer can be brought, wherein the pin serves as a spacer in the direction R of the surface normal N and in a recess of an inner layer against an inner layer can be applied or that in addition to the pin at least one spacer element is provided in the form of a survey on the inside I4 , which can be applied against an inner layer.
  • the pin itself can serve as a spacer, which ensures a distance or a free space between the wall element and the middle layer or between the wall part and the inner layer.
  • different spacers can be provided, which ensure said distance.
  • the distance between the inner layer and the intermediate layer is necessary to ensure the casting with potting compound, such as. Concrete.
  • the potting compound enters said recess, so that the pin mounted therein is fixed in particular in the direction R of the surface normal or in the vertical direction by the potting compound.
  • a pin or a recess which can form a positive connection between the wall element and the middle layer at least in a vertical direction, can be dispensed with the application of consoles, which absorb the weight of a plurality of wall elements.
  • the storage or suspension of the respective wall element is ensured by the pin-groove pairing of each individual wall element, so that also between the wall elements to be provided gap or partial gap S2 between all wall elements can be made about the same size.
  • the respective joint can be reduced to a minimum of a few millimeters.
  • the aforementioned direction R of the surface normal N points to a flat, parallel to the vertical inner side of the middle layer extending inside of the wall element.
  • the direction R thus runs horizontally. If this shape of the inside of the wall element is not given, such as, for example, in the case of a profiled inside, so it is to turn off a horizontally extending direction R.
  • the positive connection is formed by a pin-hole pairing, which consists of either a wall element-side pin and a middle layer-side recess and / or in an equivalent reversal of a recess contained in the back of the wall element and a protruding on the inside of the middle layer pin.
  • the pin and the recess are, as already stated, in the direction R of the surface normal N or in the horizontal direction or at least in a proportionate direction thereof plugged into each other, so with respect to the realizing wall structure in the vertical direction said positive connection F between the wall element on the one hand and the Middle layer is guaranteed on the other hand.
  • the inside of the wall element in this case limits the combustion chamber directly.
  • the pin has a width or a diameter corresponding to between 20% and 90% or 60% of the width of the wall element.
  • a plurality of lateral surfaces S3a-S3d of length l delimiting the inside I3 are provided, wherein a groove of depth t is provided on at least two adjoining side surfaces S3b, S3c, the groove starting from the inside I3 has a partial height d1 which is at least 5%, 10%, 20% or 30% of the height d large.
  • the respective wall element has a thickness of the height d and a side surface S3c, S3d of length l and two side surfaces S3e, S3d are arranged opposite each other and between both side surfaces S3e, S3d Gap is formed, wherein the gap S has a width which varies over the height d, wherein starting from an inner side of the wall element I3 a first partial gap S1 having a width b1 and a partial height d1 and an adjoining second partial gap S2 with a Width b2 and are provided with a partial height d2, wherein the partial height d1 is at least 10% or 40% to 50% of the height d and / or the partial height d2 is at least 10% or 50% to 60% of the height d and / or the Width b2, at least in the area of the rear side A3, is a maximum of 5 mm to 10 mm.
  • the first partial gap S1 is filled with mortar or putty, so that
  • the width b1 varies over at least 10% to 80% of the partial height d1, wherein the width b1 increases inwardly, starting from an inner side I3, so that the partial gap S1 with respect to the direction R of the surface normal N forms an undercut H3.
  • the distinction ensures a long-lasting fit of the hardened mortar or putty.
  • the depth t varies over at least 10% to 80% of the partial height d1, wherein the depth t increases towards the rear, starting from a value t1 to a value of at least 2 mm to 10 mm, so that an undercut H3 is formed, wherein t1 is at least 1 mm to 5 mm.
  • the undercut H3 within the groove or the partial gap ultimately ensures a wedge effect, so that a filling material introduced therein is stuck therein after curing. This even if a reduction of existing within the groove holding force or connecting force to the wall element occurs.
  • the adjoining the inside I3 groove or the first sub-gap S1 can be filled with the most abrasion-resistant filling, so that it forms a sealing joint, which in the filled state a protection of the underlying lying, for example, with less abrasion-resistant mass second sub-gap S2, as Expansion joint serves, guaranteed.
  • the second sub-gap S2 or the expansion joint can be made relatively small or narrow, since it is uniformly large or small over all wall elements, so that the respective expansion joint only has to compensate for the expansion compensation of a wall element.
  • the expansion joint is filled with less solid, and thus less abrasion-resistant material, so that said expansion compensation is guaranteed.
  • the expansion joint is closed or filled at least towards the rear, so that the potting compound to be introduced between inner and outer layer does not enter the expansion joint.
  • the potting compound is too strong especially after reaching the operating temperature to ensure the necessary expansion compensation. Then this is ensured and the potting compound is cured in the free space, the expansion joint is closed or sealed at least from the back. From the inside this is covered by the filled sealing joint or the filler.
  • the expansion joint may be sealed for the purpose of mounting for protection against the potting compound or the filling compound with any materials that are at operating temperature ensure a sufficient expansion compensation.
  • the material can also be chosen so that it burns as, for example, cardboard or as already said in the joint remains such as, ceramic fiber.
  • a passage opening is provided in which an anchor is attachable, wherein a width of the passage opening varies over the height d, and starting from an inner side I3 of the wall element, a first part recess with a width w1 and a partial height d3 and an adjoining second partial recess are provided with a width w2, wherein the width w1 is at least partially greater than the width w2.
  • the width w1 varies over at least 80% of the partial height d3, whereby the width w1 increases inwards (starting from an inner side 13), so that the partial recess with respect to a direction R of the surface normal N has an undercut H1 having.
  • the undercut H1 within the groove ultimately also ensures a wedge effect of a filling compound filled there for closing.
  • a passage opening is provided, in which an anchor is attachable, wherein a usable in the through hole ceramic sealing plug is provided and the sealing plug with respect to the direction R of the surface normal N is positively coupled to the wall element.
  • the attachment of a form-fitting engaging, originally designed as a solid closure element, which is preferably formed of the same material as the wall element itself, ensures a tight and durable closure for the round passage opening in which the metal anchor or the retaining nut is located.
  • the amount of maintenance work is reduced with respect to the generally provided in this opening filling material.
  • a thread to be provided on the sealing plug is possible, which cooperates with a corresponding internal thread within the wall element.
  • connection in the manner of a bayonet closure would be possible, the is formed from one or more radially extending in the direction of the central axis of closure pieces, which engage in a corresponding groove within the passage opening. Thus, an axial movement or falling out of the sealing plug is prevented.
  • the pin and / or the recess has an undercut H2 with respect to the direction R of the surface normal N.
  • the formation of an undercut of the pin or the recess ensures sufficient gap for filling or behind casting with potting compound.
  • the potting compound ensures not only the form fit F extending in the vertical direction but, above all, a form fit between the peg and the recess which acts in the direction R of the surface normal N. Even in the case of loosening an anchor or the advanced wear of the same, the wall element in the direction R of the surface normal N remains positively connected to the middle layer via the pin-hole pairing.
  • pins or the spacer elements may be provided.
  • the number of pins or the spacer elements can be selected accordingly.
  • At least three contact elements, ie pins or spacers are advantageous to ensure sufficient, therefore specific storage.
  • the use of four pins or recesses ensures a simplified assembly, although the storage itself is overdetermined.
  • pegs or the spacing element which have a concave basic shape with respect to the direction R of the surface normal N or which have a basic shape with surface portions which are not employed with respect to a horizontal H. Smaller voids below the respective element or pin are not detrimental.
  • the first sub-gap S1 of the protective lining is preferably filled with hardenable compound, such as mortar or putty, so that no expansion joint to be filled with expansion-compensating material, such as fibrous material, is required on the entire inner side 13 of the wall lining.
  • the entire inner side I3 has a solid surface.
  • FIG. 1 An industrial furnace wall 2 is lined with a protective lining 1 and an insulating layer 6 arranged between the protective lining 1 and the industrial furnace wall 2.
  • the protective lining 1 in turn is formed by an inner layer 3 delimiting a combustion chamber 12 and a middle layer 4 arranged between the insulating layer 6 and the inner layer 3
  • Metal anchors 5, 5 'in the form of bolts are arranged on the industrial furnace wall 2, via which the inner layer 3 is held at least in one direction at right angles to the industrial furnace wall 2 or in the direction R of a surface normal N of the inner layer 3.
  • Fig. 1 With regard to the architecture of the inner layer 3 and the middle layer 4 are in Fig. 1 illustrated two embodiments, separated by the approximately centrally dashed line.
  • the inner layer 3 is formed of different wall elements 3a, 3b, which are arranged one above the other, wherein each wall element 3a, 3b is fastened via an armature 5, 5 '.
  • the wall element 3a has a centric pin 3.1, which engages in a corresponding recess 4.1 of the middle layer 4.
  • the wall element 3a has a plurality of spacer elements 3.7, 3.8, which bear against a rear side A4 of the middle layer 4.
  • the middle layer 4 has a pin 4.1, which engages in a corresponding recess 3.1 of the wall element 3b.
  • the middle layer 4 has a plurality of spacer elements 4.7, 4.8, which abut against a rear side A3 of the inner layer 3.
  • a thus formed pin-hole pairing 34 or hole-pin pairing 43 ensures acting in the vertical direction positive fit F, thus a storage or suspension of the respective wall element 3a, 3b, in particular in the vertical direction or in a direction perpendicular to Surface normal N, so that between the wall elements 3a, 3b, a relatively small gap S is formed.
  • the gap S has a partial gap S2 over a partial height d2, whose width b2 is much smaller than conventional expansion joints.
  • the partial gap S2 has a width of about 5 mm.
  • the wall element 3a is shown.
  • sectional view AA after Fig. 2a the wall element 3a on its rear side A3 has the centrally arranged pin 3.1 through which a passage opening 8 with a varying width w extends.
  • the passage opening 8 serves to receive the armature 5.
  • the through-opening 8 has a first partial recess 8.1 with a width w1 which widens inwardly beyond the partial height d3 and an adjoining partial recess 8.2 with a somewhat smaller width w2.
  • the partial recess 8.2 is designed to be cylindrical in order to receive the armature 5, while the partial recess 8.1 forms an undercut H1 due to the w1 widening inwardly.
  • the partial recess 8.1 is after Fig. 1 at least partially closed with filling material 10, which remains after curing due to the undercut H1 in the partial recess 8.1 and can not fall out to the inside I3 out.
  • Fig. 2b is the respective wall element 3a rectangular or square and has four side surfaces S3a-S3d, each having a length I.
  • a groove 7.1, 7.2 provided in the area of the respective side surface S3a-S3d.
  • the respective groove 7.1, 7.2 extends over a partial height d1.
  • the groove 7.1, 7.2 in this case has a varying depth t, which increases from a value t1 of about 5 mm to a value of about 10 mm.
  • an undercut H3 is formed, due to which a filling compound 10 'disposed therein in accordance with Fig. 1 can not fall out to the inside I3.
  • FIG. 2a On the back A3 of the wall element 3a are according to Fig. 2a in addition to the centrally arranged pin 3.1 four spacers 3.5-3.8 provided, which are evenly distributed around the pin 3.1 placed around. While the pin 3.1 has a round or frusto-conical shape, the four spacers 3.5-3.8 have an approximately cuboidal basic shape and are compared to a horizontal H at an angle of 45 ° made. Flat surface portions F3 of the respective spacer 3.5-3.8 are thus also made relative to the horizontal H. The same applies to the truncated cone-shaped pin 3.1, which has a convex basic shape G3. Thus, at most point-shaped surface portions are present, which are aligned horizontally.
  • FIG. 3a, 3b different embodiments for the wall element 3a, 3b, 3c on the one hand and the wall part 4a and the middle layer 4 on the other hand shown.
  • the wall part 4a and the middle layer 4 are in Fig. 3a not shown.
  • the wall element 3a of the embodiment according to Fig. 2a corresponds
  • the wall element 3b [as in FIG Fig. 1 , upper half] four peg-shaped spacers 3.1-3.4, the front side against the middle layer 4 and the recesses 4.2, 4.3 can be applied and at the same time serve as a spacer.
  • the wall element 3c in turn, has [as in FIG Fig. 1 , lower half] a central recess 3.1 ', via which the wall element 3c on a pin 4.1 of the middle layer 4 can be arranged.
  • the middle layer 4 has a corresponding architecture as described below.
  • the middle layer 4 has a recess 4.1 for the pin 3.1.
  • the recess 4.1 also has a corresponding undercut H2.
  • the middle layer 4 has recesses 4.2, 4.3, which serve to receive the said pins 3.1-3.4.
  • this has a central recess 3.1 ', which is placed on a pin 4.1 of the middle layer 4.
  • the middle layer 4 has a plurality of spacer elements 4.7, 4.8, against which the wall element 3c in the direction R of the surface normal N can be applied.
  • the spacer elements 4.7, 4.8 may be formed according to the architecture of the spacers 3.5-3.8 of the wall element 3a accordingly.
  • a gap S is formed with the undercut H3 due to the described grooves 7.1, 7.2, 7.4, 7.5.
  • this has, as shown between the wall elements 3a, 3c, a partial gap S1 with a varying width b1.
  • the width b1 becomes larger inwardly from the inside I3 so that the undercut H3 is formed.
  • a second sub-gap S2 is formed with a width b2. This partial gap S2 corresponds to the absolute distance between two wall elements 3a, 3b.
  • a dimension v2 between the side surface S3f and the partial recess 8.2 is at least the width b2 smaller than a dimension v1 between the armature 5 and a side surface S3a of the adjacent wall element 3a, so that even when the wall element 3b rests radially on the armature 5 a minimum dimension the width b2 of the sub-gap S2 is ensured.
  • the wall element 3c has in the area or in front of the passage opening 8 "a closing plug 9, which is formed from the same material as the wall element 3c
  • the closing stopper 9 is fastened in the wall element 3c via a positive locking acting in the direction of a central axis 9.3
  • the positive connection is formed by an external thread 9.1 of the sealing plug 9 and a corresponding internal thread 3.9a of the wall element 3c
  • the bayonet closure piece 9.2 extends to the central axis 9.3 and engages in a corresponding bayonet-locking groove 3.9b of the wall element 3c
  • the screwing plug 9 is unscrewed by the present frictional forces on the one hand and the additional introduction of adhesive mass on the other hand
  • the respective grooves 7.1-7.6 form the gaps S between the wall elements 3a-3c.
  • the middle layer 4 is shown in more detail.
  • the middle layer 4 or the wall part 4a has the four recesses 4.1-4.4.
  • the middle layer 4 or the wall part 4a has the recess 4.1 with a corresponding undercut H2
  • the middle layer 4 or the wall part 4a follows in analogy to the architecture of the wall element 3a Fig. 2a, 2b a centrally arranged pin 4.1 and four distributed over the circumference arranged spacers 4.5-4.8 has.
  • the pin 4.1 is also frusto-conical with a convex basic shape G4.
  • the flat surface parts F4 of the spacer elements 4.5, 4.8 are also made with respect to the horizontal H.
  • a protective lining 1 is according to Fig. 1 between the inner layer 3 and the middle layer 4 or in a space existing between two layers 11.1 potting compound 11, which also fills the corresponding recess 3.1, 4.1 to the respective pin 3.1, 4.1 around, so that the pin-hole pairing thus formed 34 or hole-pin pairing 43 both in the direction R of the surface normal N and in a direction perpendicular thereto, thus forming a positive connection both in the vertical and in the horizontal direction.
  • the respective wall element 3a is secured in the event of failure of an armature 5 before detachment from the middle layer 4.
  • this suspension is ensured in this way, and thus the absorption of the weight force via the positive engagement F. acting in the vertical direction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Revêtement de protection (1) pour une paroi de four industriel (2) d'une chambre de combustion adiabatique avec une couche intérieure (3) réfractaire, et une couche centrale (4) disposée entre la couche intérieure (3) et la paroi de four industriel (2), la couche intérieure (3) étant formée de plusieurs éléments de paroi disposés les uns à côté des autres (3a, 3b, 3c), lesquels sont couplés de façon mécanique par plusieurs éléments d'ancrage (5) avec la paroi de four industriel (2), l'élément de paroi (3a, 3b, 3c) présentant un côté arrière A3 tourné vers la couche centrale (4), présentant une normale à la surface N, et la couche centrale (4) présentant un côté intérieur I4 tourné vers la couche intérieure (3),
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément de paroi (3a, 3b, 3c) présente au moins un tenon (3.1) ou un évidement (3.1) sur le côté arrière A3 et la couche centrale (4) présente au moins un évidement (4.1) correspondant ou un tenon (4.1) correspondant, le tenon (3.1, 4.1) étant enfiché dans l'évidement (4.1, 3.1) dans la direction R de la normale à la surface N et entre le tenon (3.1, 4.1) et l'évidement (4.1, 3.1), une liaison par complémentarité de forme F agissant perpendiculairement à la normale à la surface N étant formée et en ce qu'un espace libre (11.1) rempli ou au moins remplissable par de la masse de scellement (11) est formé entre la couche centrale (4) et la couche intérieure (3) par l'espaceur formé comme tenon (3.1, 4.1) ou par un élément d'espacement (3.5, 4.5).
  2. Revêtement de protection (1) selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément de paroi (3a, 3b, 3c) respectif présente une épaisseur de la hauteur d et une surface latérale S3c, S3d, et respectivement deux surfaces latérales S3e, S3d étant disposées de façon opposée l'une à l'autre, un écartement S étant formé entre les deux surfaces latérales S3e, S3d et l'écartement S présentant une largeur variant sur la hauteur d, un premier écartement partiel S1 avec une largeur b1 et avec une hauteur partielle d1, ainsi qu'un deuxième écartement partiel S2 avec une largeur b2 et avec une hauteur partielle d2, lui étant adjacent, étant prévus, à partir d'un côté intérieur I3 de l'élément de paroi (3a, 3b), la hauteur partielle d1 s'élevant à au moins 10 % de la hauteur d et/ou la hauteur partielle d2 s'élevant à au moins 10 % de la hauteur d et/ou la largeur b2 s'élevant au maximum à 10 mm au moins dans la zone du côté arrière A3.
  3. Revêtement de protection (1) selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la largeur b1 varie sur au moins 10 % de la hauteur partielle d1, la largeur b1 augmentant vers l'intérieur, de telle sorte que l'écartement partiel S1 forme une contre-dépouille H3 relativement à la direction de la normale à la surface N.
  4. Élément de paroi (3a) pour une couche intérieure (3) réfractaire d'un revêtement de protection (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes avec une couche intérieure (3) réfractaire pour une paroi de four industriel (2) munie d'une couche centrale (4), avec un côté arrière A3 présentant une normale à la surface N et pouvant être tourné vers la couche centrale (4), avec une épaisseur de la hauteur d ainsi qu'avec un côté intérieur I3 disposé de façon opposé au côté arrière A3,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    au moins un tenon (3.1) s'étendant dans la direction R de la normale à la surface N comme partie de l'élément de paroi (3a) ou au moins un évidement (3.1) s'étendant dans la direction R de la normale à la surface N sont prévus sur le côté arrière A3, lesquels peuvent être mis en liaison par complémentarité de forme F agissant perpendiculairement à la normale à la surface N avec un évidement (4.1) ou un tenon (4.1) d'une couche centrale (4), le tenon (3.1) servant d'espaceur et pouvant être posé contre une couche centrale (4) dans un évidement (4.1) d'une couche centrale (4) dans la direction R de la normale à la surface N ou
    en ce que, de façon complémentaire au tenon (3.1), au moins un élément d'espacement (3.5) est prévu sous la forme d'une saillie sur le côté arrière A3, lequel élément peut être posé contre une couche centrale (4).
  5. Élément de paroi (3a) selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    plusieurs surfaces latérales S3a-S3d limitant le côté intérieur I3 sont prévues, une rainure (7.1, 72.) de profondeur t étant prévue sur au moins deux surfaces latérales S3b, S3c, la rainure (7.1, 7.2) possédant une hauteur partielle d1 à partir du côté intérieur I3, laquelle s'élève à au moins 10 % de la hauteur d.
  6. Élément de paroi (3a) selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la profondeur t varie sur au moins 80 % de la hauteur partielle d1, la profondeur t augmentant vers le côté arrière A3, à partir d'une valeur t1 jusqu'à valeur d'au moins 2 mm à 10 mm, de telle sorte qu'une contre-dépouille H3 est formée, t1 s'élevant à au moins 1 mm.
  7. Élément de paroi (3a) selon l'une des revendications 4 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    une ouverture de passage (8) est prévue, dans laquelle un élément d'ancrage (5) peut être monté, un bouchon de fermeture (9) céramique insérable dans l'ouverture de passage (8) étant prévu et le bouchon de fermeture (9) pouvant être couplé par liaison par complémentarité de forme avec l'élément de paroi (3a), relativement à la direction R de la normale à la surface N.
  8. Élément de paroi (4a) pour une couche centrale (4) d'un revêtement de protection (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3 avec un côté intérieur I4 pouvant être tourné vers la couche intérieure (3), présentant une normale à la surface N,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le côté intérieur I4 présente au moins un évidement (4.1) s'étendant dans la direction R de la normale à la surface N ou au moins un tenon (4.1) s'étendant dans la direction R de la normale à la surface N comme partie de l'élément de paroi (4a), lesquels peuvent être mis en liaison par complémentarité de forme F agissant perpendiculairement à la normale à la surface N avec un évidement (3.1) ou un tenon (3.1) d'une couche intérieure (3), le tenon (4.1) servant d'espaceur dans la direction R de la normale à la surface N et pouvant être posé contre une couche intérieure (3) dans un évidement (3.1) d'une couche intérieure (3) ou
    en ce que, de façon complémentaire au tenon (4.1), au moins un élément d'espacement (4.5) est prévu sous la forme d'une saillie sur le côté intérieur I4, lequel élément peut être posé contre une couche intérieure (3).
  9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 4 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le tenon (3.1, 4.1) et/ou l'évidement (3.1, 4.1) présentent une contre-dépouille H2 relativement à la direction R de la normale à la surface N.
  10. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 4 à 9,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    un, deux, trois ou quatre tenons (3.1-3.4, 4.1-4.4) sont prévus ou en ce que trois ou quatre éléments d'espacement (3.5-3.8, 4.5-4.8) sont prévus.
  11. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 4 à 10,
    caractérisé en ce que,
    relativement à la direction R de la normale à la surface N, le tenon (3.1, 4.1) et/ou l'élément d'espacement (3.5, 4.5)
    a) présentent une forme de base G3, G4 convexe ou
    b) présentent une forme de base G3, G4 avec des parts de surface F3, F4, les parts de surface F3, F4 étant disposées avec un angle par rapport à une horizontale H.
EP13719788.5A 2012-04-27 2013-04-24 Couche intérieure réfractaire pour fours industriels Active EP2841862B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012103748.5A DE102012103748B4 (de) 2012-04-27 2012-04-27 Wandelement einer feuerfesten lnnenschicht und Schutzauskleidung für eine lndustrieofenwand
PCT/EP2013/058468 WO2013160339A2 (fr) 2012-04-27 2013-04-24 Couche intérieure réfractaire pour fours industriels

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2841862A2 EP2841862A2 (fr) 2015-03-04
EP2841862B1 true EP2841862B1 (fr) 2018-08-29

Family

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Country Link
EP (1) EP2841862B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102012103748B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013160339A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3029404B1 (fr) * 2014-12-01 2019-02-13 Könn Thermoprozesstechnik GmbH Système de four industriel
DE102016119924A1 (de) 2016-10-19 2018-04-19 Jünger+Gräter GmbH Industrieofenwand mit Auskleidung

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1806113A (en) * 1926-02-04 1931-05-19 Nygaard Oscar Furnace wall
DE1001447B (de) 1952-06-12 1957-01-24 Aime Ghislain Lambert Ofenwand aus mehreren Steinlagen, die je an waagerecht angeordneten Verankerungen aufgehaengt sind
BE527969A (fr) 1954-04-08 1954-04-30
LU57193A1 (fr) 1968-10-30 1970-05-04 Glaverbel
DE2211906A1 (de) 1972-03-11 1973-09-20 Kurt Wolf Feuerfester stein
DE3909340A1 (de) * 1988-04-29 1989-11-09 Still Otto Gmbh Wandkonstruktion von kokstrockenkuehlkammern mit feuerfester auskleidung und verfahen zum auswechseln der auskleidung
FR2705443A1 (fr) 1993-05-18 1994-11-25 Procelis Revêtement réfractaire modulable pour les parois d'une enceinte chauffante et notamment d'un four haute température et enceinte chauffante munie d'un tel revêtement.
BE1008047A3 (fr) * 1994-02-25 1996-01-03 Fib Services Sa Procede de reparation et/ou de construction partielle a chaud d'installations industrielles comprenant une structure en materiaux refractaires et element prefabrique utilise.
DE10005426C2 (de) * 2000-02-08 2001-11-15 Didier Werke Ag Feuerfeste keramische Platte und zugehöriger Wandaufbau für einen Verbrennunsofen
DE10305272A1 (de) * 2003-02-07 2004-08-19 BRINKKÖTTER, Dieter Fassadenelement für eine Außenwandfassade
DE20307026U1 (de) 2003-05-07 2003-07-03 Wolf GmbH Feuerfeste Produkte, 56182 Urbar Decken- und Wandauskleidung von Hochtemperatur-Industrieöfen
DE102008057920A1 (de) 2008-11-19 2010-06-10 Jünger & Gräter GmbH Feuerfestbau Wärmedämmende Auskleidung von Industrieöfen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102012103748B4 (de) 2018-11-29
WO2013160339A3 (fr) 2013-12-19
EP2841862A2 (fr) 2015-03-04
WO2013160339A4 (fr) 2014-02-20
WO2013160339A2 (fr) 2013-10-31
DE102012103748A1 (de) 2013-10-31

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