EP2838648B1 - Verfahren zur emulsionsbehandlung - Google Patents
Verfahren zur emulsionsbehandlung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2838648B1 EP2838648B1 EP13719443.7A EP13719443A EP2838648B1 EP 2838648 B1 EP2838648 B1 EP 2838648B1 EP 13719443 A EP13719443 A EP 13719443A EP 2838648 B1 EP2838648 B1 EP 2838648B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mixture
- screw
- liquid
- tube
- diameter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
- B01F23/41—Emulsifying
- B01F23/4105—Methods of emulsifying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
- B01F25/421—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions by moving the components in a convoluted or labyrinthine path
- B01F25/423—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions by moving the components in a convoluted or labyrinthine path by means of elements placed in the receptacle for moving or guiding the components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
- B01F23/41—Emulsifying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
- B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
- B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
- B01F25/4314—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor with helical baffles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
- B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
- B01F25/434—Mixing tubes comprising cylindrical or conical inserts provided with grooves or protrusions
- B01F25/4341—Mixing tubes comprising cylindrical or conical inserts provided with grooves or protrusions the insert being provided with helical grooves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/45—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads
- B01F25/452—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces
- B01F25/4521—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces the components being pressed through orifices in elements, e.g. flat plates or cylinders, which obstruct the whole diameter of the tube
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/45—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads
- B01F25/452—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces
- B01F25/4524—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces the components being pressed through foam-like inserts or through a bed of loose bodies, e.g. balls
- B01F25/45241—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces the components being pressed through foam-like inserts or through a bed of loose bodies, e.g. balls through a bed of balls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/46—Homogenising or emulsifying nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/60—Pump mixers, i.e. mixing within a pump
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/60—Pump mixers, i.e. mixing within a pump
- B01F25/64—Pump mixers, i.e. mixing within a pump of the centrifugal-pump type, i.e. turbo-mixers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/82—Combinations of dissimilar mixers
- B01F33/821—Combinations of dissimilar mixers with consecutive receptacles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
- B01F23/41—Emulsifying
- B01F23/413—Homogenising a raw emulsion or making monodisperse or fine emulsions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
- B01F23/41—Emulsifying
- B01F23/414—Emulsifying characterised by the internal structure of the emulsion
- B01F23/4145—Emulsions of oils, e.g. fuel, and water
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a single-phase phase-stable liquid.
- hyperbolic funnels are made of, for example DE 10 2008 046 889 known to give liquids in rapid rotational motion.
- the US-A-4,127,332 discloses a method according to the preamble of claim 1.
- phase-stable liquids from a lipophilic phase and a hydrophilic phase without emulsifiers.
- the object of the present invention is thus to produce a process for the preparation of single-phase phase-stable liquids from a lipophilic phase and a hydrophilic phase.
- the object underlying the invention is achieved in a first embodiment by a method according to claim 1.
- the lowering of the static pressure in the second step is preferably effected by the outlet of the mixture from a nozzle.
- cavitation bubbles are formed by so-called hard cavitation, since the liquid has a considerable velocity (also due to the rotational movement, for example) when it passes through the nozzle. It is believed that chemical changes occur here, and in particular during the subsequent implosion of the cavitation bubbles.
- the mixture is placed in a rotating motion before the second step.
- the rotating movement of the mixture is produced by a screw having a helical tapering tube.
- the tapered tube of the screw expands towards the end of the screw in the direction of flow preferably again, but particularly preferably the outlet opening of the screw is smaller than the inlet opening.
- the pipe diameter can also be constant.
- the method according to the invention is preferably a convergent and in particular a convergent-divergent nozzle.
- the mixture is preferably first set in rotating motion by means of a centrifugal pump, and then the mixture in the screw is further accelerated, for example.
- the mixture is then preferably passed through the tube with internal swirl-producing molds.
- the swirl-producing forms preferably at least partially helicoid form.
- the tube is preferably arranged vertically. As a result, a Taylor-Couette-like vortex can be generated.
- the inner diameter of the tube is preferably in a range of 2 to 10 cm.
- the length of the tube is preferably in a range of 1 to 3 m.
- the tube of the screw at its smallest diameter has a diameter of at most 30% of the diameter at the inlet.
- the liquid preferably surrounds the outlet of the nozzle.
- the outlet of the nozzle is preferably not arranged in a gaseous environment.
- the one-phase phase-stable liquid is preferably transferred to a storage container.
- the hydrophilic liquid is preferably water.
- the lipophilic liquid is preferably a fossil fuel, especially diesel or kerosene.
- the weight ratio between the hydrophilic liquid and the lipophilic liquid is preferably in a range of 0.8: 1 to 1.2: 1.
- the process according to the invention is preferably carried out at room temperature and atmospheric pressure.
- the first step a. is for example at least partially carried out in a hopper.
- a retaining device such as a retaining screen is arranged at the narrow end of the hopper.
- balls are arranged in the funnel above this restraint device.
- these balls may have a diameter in a range of 5 to 20 mm.
- These balls may for example be made of metal and in particular of stainless steel. These balls have the function that the two liquids are already well mixed by the filling process.
- the inner wall of the screw may, for example, be metallic, and more preferably copper.
- a plurality of tubes and in particular 2 to 3 tubes can be arranged in parallel helical form.
- FIG. 1 shows a typical experimental setup for the inventive method.
- the following concrete description of the embodiment does not limit the scope and is merely illustrative of the invention.
- the screw 9 had a total diameter of 20 cm at the upper end and a diameter of 5 cm at the smallest diameter. At the outlet, the screw 9 had a diameter of 10 cm.
- the emulsion was pressed through a vertically arranged tube 10 with a diameter of 7 cm and a length of 1.5 m and a helicoid helical bender (as in a screw extruder in the field of plastics technology) arranged therein. Thereafter, the liquid was forced through nozzles in a container 11 with the liquid. Due to the sudden pressure difference at the exit from the nozzles and the high speed of the liquid (also the rotation speed) cavitation occurred. It created cavitation bubbles, which subsequently imploded immediately. This resulted in a single-phase phase-stable liquid, which apparently contained no more water and had a very good calorific value. The liquid was then transferred to a product container 12.
- the calorific value of the kerosene used was 43.596 kJ / kg.
- the calorific value of the liquid obtained was 43.343 kJ / kg.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Grain Derivatives (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102012206399.4A DE102012206399B4 (de) | 2012-04-18 | 2012-04-18 | Verfahren zur Emulsionsbehandlung |
PCT/EP2013/058060 WO2013156556A1 (de) | 2012-04-18 | 2013-04-18 | Verfahren zur emulsionsbehandlung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2838648A1 EP2838648A1 (de) | 2015-02-25 |
EP2838648B1 true EP2838648B1 (de) | 2017-03-22 |
Family
ID=48227193
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13719443.7A Active EP2838648B1 (de) | 2012-04-18 | 2013-04-18 | Verfahren zur emulsionsbehandlung |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9815034B2 (ru) |
EP (1) | EP2838648B1 (ru) |
JP (1) | JP6158304B2 (ru) |
CN (1) | CN104245104B (ru) |
AU (1) | AU2013251106B2 (ru) |
CA (1) | CA2870701C (ru) |
DE (1) | DE102012206399B4 (ru) |
IN (1) | IN2014MN02281A (ru) |
MY (1) | MY164592A (ru) |
RU (1) | RU2633568C2 (ru) |
SG (1) | SG11201406627TA (ru) |
WO (1) | WO2013156556A1 (ru) |
ZA (1) | ZA201407215B (ru) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102014017938A1 (de) | 2014-12-05 | 2016-06-09 | Florian M. König | Trichter-turbinenartige Vorrichtung mit elektromagnetischer Rotationssteuerung von Flüssigkeits-Mischvorgängen |
DE102016109639A1 (de) | 2016-05-25 | 2017-11-30 | Anton LEDWON | Vorrichtung zur atomaren oder molekularen Umstrukturierung von Edukten |
Family Cites Families (35)
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US3164375A (en) * | 1955-10-14 | 1965-01-05 | Frenkel Ag C D | Apparatus for intensive mixing |
US3486740A (en) * | 1967-03-02 | 1969-12-30 | Packaged Power Terminals Inc | Apparatus for treating flowable materials |
US3647187A (en) * | 1970-08-03 | 1972-03-07 | Technicon Instr | Static mixer and method of making same |
US3762947A (en) * | 1971-10-12 | 1973-10-02 | Cpc International Inc | Crystallizer |
JPS5014275A (ru) | 1973-06-06 | 1975-02-14 | ||
US3937445A (en) * | 1974-02-11 | 1976-02-10 | Vito Agosta | Process and apparatus for obtaining the emulsification of nonmiscible liquids |
US4111402A (en) * | 1976-10-05 | 1978-09-05 | Chemineer, Inc. | Motionless mixer |
US4127332A (en) * | 1976-11-19 | 1978-11-28 | Daedalean Associates, Inc. | Homogenizing method and apparatus |
US4194844A (en) * | 1978-02-13 | 1980-03-25 | Northern Telecom Limited | Multiple powder conveyor system |
US4422773A (en) * | 1980-08-04 | 1983-12-27 | Technicon Instruments Corporation | Apparatus and method for the non-invasive mixing of a flowing fluid stream |
US4410281A (en) * | 1981-03-02 | 1983-10-18 | Ralph B. Carter Company | Mixing method and apparatus utilizing pipe elbows |
JPS6242728A (ja) * | 1985-08-14 | 1987-02-24 | Ono Bankin Kogyosho:Kk | 流体混合具 |
SU1699564A1 (ru) * | 1986-09-11 | 1991-12-23 | Одесский Политехнический Институт | Способ стабилизации расхода жидкости или газа |
JP3685305B2 (ja) * | 1998-12-16 | 2005-08-17 | 福岡県 | 流体混合装置 |
US6112768A (en) * | 1999-04-08 | 2000-09-05 | Rath; Leslie B. | In-line fluid agitator |
US7264394B1 (en) * | 2002-06-10 | 2007-09-04 | Inflowsion L.L.C. | Static device and method of making |
US20040134557A1 (en) * | 2002-06-28 | 2004-07-15 | Cymbalisty Lubomyr M. | Hydrodynamic static mixing apparatus and method for use thereof in transporting, conditioning and separating oil sands and the like |
AU2003281265A1 (en) | 2002-07-09 | 2004-01-23 | Toshiba Plant Systems & Services Corporation | Liquid mixing apparatus and method of liquid mixing |
US7045060B1 (en) * | 2002-12-05 | 2006-05-16 | Inflowsion, L.L.C. | Apparatus and method for treating a liquid |
JP2004004881A (ja) * | 2003-06-09 | 2004-01-08 | Sharp Corp | 電子学習機 |
EP1771385B1 (de) * | 2004-07-26 | 2010-09-15 | Frank Reiner Kolb | Hydrodynamische homogenisation |
ES2331361T3 (es) * | 2004-08-06 | 2009-12-30 | Ecofur, Lda | Dispositivo para mezclar fluidos. |
GB0420971D0 (en) * | 2004-09-21 | 2004-10-20 | Imp College Innovations Ltd | Piping |
DE102005009322A1 (de) * | 2005-03-01 | 2006-09-14 | Degussa Ag | Durchmischungsreaktor |
DE102005037026B4 (de) * | 2005-08-05 | 2010-12-16 | Cavitator Systems Gmbh | Kavitationsmischer |
DE202005015341U1 (de) * | 2005-09-28 | 2006-01-19 | IFAC GmbH & Co. KG Institut für Angewandte Colloidtechnologie | Vorrichtung zur In-Line-Prozesskontrolle bei der Herstellung von Emulsionen oder Dispersionen |
DE102006011881A1 (de) * | 2006-03-09 | 2007-09-13 | Vortex-Nanofluid Gmbh | Langzeitstabile Dispersion und Verfahren zur Herstellung der Dispersion |
DK2011850T3 (en) | 2006-04-27 | 2016-08-01 | Tapioca-Comércio E Servicos Soc Unipessoal Lda | PROCEDURE FOR CONVERSING HEAVY OIL TO LIGHT OIL |
RU66221U1 (ru) * | 2007-05-07 | 2007-09-10 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ПДС" | Автоматизированная установка для обработки нефтесодержащих жидкостей |
EP2025392B1 (de) * | 2007-07-30 | 2012-05-23 | Cavitator Systems GmbH | Steuerung einer Cavitator-Anlage |
US20090122637A1 (en) * | 2007-11-14 | 2009-05-14 | Jan Kruyer | Sinusoidal mixing and shearing apparatus and associated methods |
DE102008046889B4 (de) | 2008-09-11 | 2017-11-23 | Egm-Holding-International Gmbh | Hyperbolischer Trichter |
US20110182134A1 (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2011-07-28 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Mixing system comprising an extensional flow mixer |
FI122642B (fi) * | 2010-09-16 | 2012-04-30 | Outotec Oyj | Laite ja menetelmä kahden liuoksen dispergoimiseksi toisiinsa neste-nesteuutossa |
DE202011104310U1 (de) * | 2011-08-15 | 2011-11-14 | Rainer Schmieg | Wirbelmischrohr |
-
2012
- 2012-04-18 DE DE102012206399.4A patent/DE102012206399B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2013
- 2013-04-18 MY MYPI2014002927A patent/MY164592A/en unknown
- 2013-04-18 AU AU2013251106A patent/AU2013251106B2/en active Active
- 2013-04-18 IN IN2281MUN2014 patent/IN2014MN02281A/en unknown
- 2013-04-18 CN CN201380020575.3A patent/CN104245104B/zh active Active
- 2013-04-18 RU RU2014146204A patent/RU2633568C2/ru active
- 2013-04-18 WO PCT/EP2013/058060 patent/WO2013156556A1/de active Application Filing
- 2013-04-18 EP EP13719443.7A patent/EP2838648B1/de active Active
- 2013-04-18 SG SG11201406627TA patent/SG11201406627TA/en unknown
- 2013-04-18 CA CA2870701A patent/CA2870701C/en active Active
- 2013-04-18 US US14/395,561 patent/US9815034B2/en active Active
- 2013-04-18 JP JP2015506236A patent/JP6158304B2/ja active Active
-
2014
- 2014-10-06 ZA ZA2014/07215A patent/ZA201407215B/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IN2014MN02281A (ru) | 2015-08-07 |
CN104245104B (zh) | 2017-10-20 |
RU2014146204A (ru) | 2016-06-10 |
JP6158304B2 (ja) | 2017-07-05 |
MY164592A (en) | 2018-01-15 |
ZA201407215B (en) | 2015-10-28 |
CA2870701A1 (en) | 2013-10-24 |
DE102012206399B4 (de) | 2018-01-04 |
RU2633568C2 (ru) | 2017-10-13 |
WO2013156556A1 (de) | 2013-10-24 |
JP2015517908A (ja) | 2015-06-25 |
AU2013251106A1 (en) | 2014-11-06 |
CA2870701C (en) | 2020-05-05 |
SG11201406627TA (en) | 2014-12-30 |
DE102012206399A1 (de) | 2013-10-24 |
US20150071026A1 (en) | 2015-03-12 |
US9815034B2 (en) | 2017-11-14 |
EP2838648A1 (de) | 2015-02-25 |
CN104245104A (zh) | 2014-12-24 |
AU2013251106B2 (en) | 2018-02-01 |
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