EP2791294B1 - Compositions lubrifiantes pour transmissions - Google Patents

Compositions lubrifiantes pour transmissions Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2791294B1
EP2791294B1 EP12809233.5A EP12809233A EP2791294B1 EP 2791294 B1 EP2791294 B1 EP 2791294B1 EP 12809233 A EP12809233 A EP 12809233A EP 2791294 B1 EP2791294 B1 EP 2791294B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
lubricant composition
composition according
mass
ethylene
preferentially
Prior art date
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EP12809233.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2791294A1 (fr
Inventor
Alain Bouffet
Alder DA COSTA D'AMBROS
Richard Vernay
Gérard THOMESSE
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TotalEnergies Marketing Services SA
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Total Marketing Services SA
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M161/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
    • C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/022—Ethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/024—Propene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
    • C10M2219/022—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/046—Overbasedsulfonic acid salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
    • C10M2219/106—Thiadiazoles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/047—Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/049—Phosphite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/54—Fuel economy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C10N2040/044—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for manual transmissions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to lubricating compositions for transmissions, in particular for gearboxes, comprising a specific combination of additives making it possible to reduce the coefficient of friction of said lubricating compositions, thus making it possible to limit the fuel consumption of motor vehicles.
  • the compositions according to the invention are suitable for all types of vehicles, in particular light vehicles, and are particularly suitable for manual gearboxes, axles or double clutches.
  • VI viscosity index
  • ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer which is known as a viscosity index improving polymer and not as a friction modifier, makes it possible to reduce the coefficient of friction of lubricating compositions, when it ci is in combination with a derivative of dimercaptothiadiazole and an amine thiophosphate.
  • Dimercaptothiadiazole derivatives are known as inhibitors of corrosion and extreme pressure additives and not as a friction modifier.
  • the Applicant has found that it is possible to formulate transmission oils with very low coefficients of friction from a composition containing a compound chosen from dimercaptothiadiazoles, a compound chosen from the group of ethylene-alphaolefin copolymers. and an amine thiophosphate.
  • the lubricating compositions according to the invention exhibit low coefficients of friction without the addition of friction modifiers.
  • the mixture containing at least one dimercaptothiadiazole, at least one ethylene-alphaolefin copolymer and at least one amine thiophosphate, has a synergistic effect on the lowering of the coefficient of friction.
  • the present invention relates to a lubricating composition
  • a lubricating composition comprising, relative to the total mass of the lubricating composition, one or more base oils, 0.1 to 10% by mass of at least one derivative of dimercaptothiadiazole, 1 to 20%. by mass of at least one copolymer of ethylene and of alphaolefin and 0.2 to 10% by mass of at least one amine thiophosphate of general formula (IVa) in which X 1 and X 2 are independently of each other a sulfur atom or an oxygen atom, at least one of them being a sulfur atom, R 1 and R 2 are either an atom of hydrogen or alkyl groups having between 1 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably between 6 to 18, M is an ammonium formed from a primary, secondary or tertiary amine, of formula R 3 R 4 R 5 R 6 N, where R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 are either a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group comprising from 1 to 18 carbon
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises at least one copolymer of ethylene and of an alpha-olefin comprising from 3 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably from 3 to 24, more preferably from 3 to 20, even more preferably from 3 to 10, even more preferably from 3 to 6.
  • the copolymer of ethylene and of alphaolefin according to the invention has the general formula (I): in which R is an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms, x and y are such that the ratio x / y is between 0.5 and 2 and the sum x + y is between 50 to 150.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises an amount of ethylene / alphaolefin copolymer of between 2 to 15% by mass, relative to the total mass of lubricating composition, preferably from 4 to 10%, more preferably from 5 to 9%.
  • the dimercaptothiadiazole derivative according to the invention has the general formula of formula (II) or (III), taken alone or as a mixture: in which, R 1 and R 2 are, independently of one another, hydrogen atoms, linear and / or branched alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably from 2 to 18, more preferably from 4 to 16, even more preferably from 8 to 12 or aromatic substituents, n and m being, independently of one another, integers chosen from the group formed by the integers 1, 2, 3, or 4.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention comprises from 0.2 to 5% by mass of derivative of dimercaptothiadiazole, relative to the total mass of the lubricating composition, preferably from 0.3 to 2%, more preferably from 0, 5 to 1%.
  • Particularly preferred compounds are dithiophosphates (X 1 and X 2 are sulfur atoms).
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention has an amount of amine thiophosphate of formula (IVa) of between 0.5 to 8%, in mass, relative to the total mass of lubricating composition, preferably from 1 to 5%, more preferably from 2 to 4%.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention further comprises a polymethacrylate.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention further comprises a dispersant derived from polyisobutene.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention further comprises an anti-oxidant additive of amine type.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention further comprises an anti-corrosion additive of phenol type.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention has a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. according to the ASTM D445 standard of between 4 and 40 cSt, between 4.1 and 32.5 cSt and preferably between 6 and 18.5 cSt.
  • the present invention relates to the use of a lubricating composition for lubricating transmissions such as gearboxes, axles, preferably manual gearboxes of motor vehicles.
  • the invention relates to the use of a lubricating composition for lubricating transmissions to reduce the fuel consumption of vehicles, in particular of motor vehicles.
  • the present invention relates to the use of at least one copolymer of ethylene and of alpha-olefin and of at least one derivative of dimercaptothiadiazole for reducing the coefficient of friction of a lubricating composition.
  • the invention relates to the use of at least one copolymer of ethylene and of alpha-olefin, of at least one derivative of dimercaptothiadiazole and at least one amine thiophosphate for reducing the coefficient of friction of a lubricating composition.
  • a subject of the invention is also a process for reducing the coefficient of friction of a lubricating composition, in which at least one base oil is added at least one copolymer of ethylene and of alpha-olefin and of minus a derivative of dimercaptothiadiazole.
  • the invention relates to a process for reducing the coefficient of friction of a lubricating composition in which at least one lubricating base oil is added at least one copolymer of ethylene and of alpha-olefin, at least one derivative of dimercaptothiadiazole and at least one amine thiophosphate.
  • One of the essential elements of the lubricating compositions according to the invention is a copolymer of ethylene and of alphaolefin.
  • the ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer while being a viscosity index improver such as the polymethacrylates that it can replace, provides the additional advantage that it can reduce the coefficient of friction of said lubricating compositions.
  • the copolymer used in the present invention is an ethylene / alphaolefin copolymer.
  • the alpha-olefin is an alpha-olefin comprising from 3 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably from 3 to 24, more preferably from 3 to 20, even more preferably from 3 to 10, even more preferably from 3 to 6.
  • alpha-olefin which can be used are propylene, butene, pentene, hexene, heptene, octene, nonene, decene, in particular 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1- hexene, 1-octene.
  • the copolymer of ethylene and of alphaolefin has the general formula (I): where is R is an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms, x and y are such that the ratio x / y is between 0.5 and 2 and the sum x + y is between 50 to 150.
  • R represents a methyl group
  • x and y are such that the ratio x / y is between 0.5 to 1.5 and the sum x + y is between 70 and 130.
  • R is a methyl group
  • x is equal to 40 and y is equal to 40.
  • the ethylene and alphaolefin copolymer according to the invention is chosen from alphaolefin copolymers making it possible to limit the loss of viscosity of the lubricating composition measured at 100 ° C according to the standardized test KRL-45-99 to a lower value. or equal to 5%.
  • the lubricating compositions according to the invention comprise from 1 to 20% by mass of ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymer, relative to the total mass of lubricating composition, preferably from 2 to 15%, more preferably from 4 to 10%, even more preferably from 5 to 9%.
  • Lucant HC600 sold by the company MITSUI.
  • the lubricating compositions according to the invention therefore comprise at least one derivative of dimercaptothiadiazole.
  • Said derivative of dimercaptothiadiazole being a compound derived from 4,5-dimercapto-1,2,3-thiadiazole, 3,5-dimercapto-1,2,4-thiadiazole, 3,4-dimercapto-1,2,5 -thiadiazole, 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole, taken alone or as a mixture.
  • Thiadiazoles are heterocyclic compounds comprising two nitrogen atoms, one sulfur atom, two carbon atoms and two double bonds, of general formula C 2 N 2 SH 2 , which can exist in the following forms, respectively 1,2,3 -thiadiazole, 1,2,4-thiadiazole, 1,2,5-thiadiazole, 1,3,4-thiadiazole:
  • dimercaptothiadiazole derivative according to the invention is understood to mean chemical compounds derived from the four molecules dimercaptothiadiazoles, 4,5-dimercapto-1,2,3-thiadiazole, 3,5-dimercapto-1,2,4-thiadiazole, 3, 4-dimercapto-1,2,5-thiadiazole, 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole, below taken alone or as a mixture:
  • 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole the derivatives of 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole are molecules of general formula (II) or ( III): in which, R 1 and R 2 are, independently of one another, hydrogen atoms, linear and / or branched alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably from 2 to 18, more preferably from 4 to 16, even more preferably from 8 to 12 or aromatic substituents, n and m being, independently of one another, integers chosen from the group formed by the integers 1, 2, 3 or 4.
  • the lubricating compositions according to the invention comprise from 0.1 to 10% by mass, relative to the total mass of the lubricating composition, of dimercaptothiadiazole derivative, preferably from 0.2 to 5%, more preferably from 0.3 at 2%, even more preferably from 0.5 to 1%.
  • dimercaptothiadiazole derivative As an example of a dimercaptothiadiazole derivative according to the invention, mention may be made of Anglamol 2198 sold by the company LUBRIZOL.
  • Particularly preferred compounds of formula (IVa) are the dithiophosphates of amines in which X 1 and X 2 are sulfur atoms and M, R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 as defined above.
  • the lubricating compositions according to the invention can contain any type of mineral, synthetic or natural, animal or plant lubricating base suitable for their use.
  • the base oil (s) used in the lubricating compositions according to the present invention can be oils of mineral or synthetic origin of groups I to V according to the classes defined in the API classification (or their equivalents according to the ATIEL classification) as summarized. below, alone or in combination.
  • the mineral base oils according to the invention include all types of bases obtained by atmospheric and vacuum distillation of crude oil, followed by refining operations such as solvent extraction, dealphating, solvent dewaxing, hydrotreatment, hydrocracking and hydroisomerization, hydrofinishing.
  • the base oils of the compositions according to the present invention can also be synthetic oils, such as certain esters of carboxylic acids and alcohols, or polyalphaolefins.
  • the polyalphaolefins used as base oils are for example obtained from monomers having from 4 to 32 carbon atoms (for example octene, decene), and a viscosity at 100 ° C between 1.5 and 15 cSt according to the standard ASTM D445.
  • Their weight average molecular mass is typically between 250 and 3000 according to the ASTM D5296 standard. Mixtures of synthetic and mineral oils can also be used.
  • lubricating base to produce the lubricating compositions according to the invention, except that they must have properties, in particular of viscosity, viscosity index, content of sulfur, resistance to oxidation, suitable for use in a gearbox, in particular in a gearbox of motor vehicles, in particular in a manual gearbox.
  • the lubricating bases represent at least 50% by mass, relative to the total mass of the lubricating composition, preferably at least 60%, or even at least 70%. Typically, they represent between 75 and 90% by mass, relative to the total mass of the lubricating compositions according to the invention.
  • the lubricating compositions according to the invention comprise mineral bases of group I and / or III, or synthetic bases of group IV according to the API classification.
  • the lubricating compositions according to the invention have a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. measured according to the ASTM D445 standard of between 4 and 41 cSt, according to the SAE J 306 classification, preferably between 4.1 and 32.5 cSt.
  • Preferred grades are all grades between grades 75W and 140, including grades 75W, 75W80 and 75W90.
  • the lubricating compositions according to the invention have a viscosity index (VI) greater than 120 (standard ASTM 2270).
  • the lubricating compositions according to the invention can also contain other additives such as anti-wear and / or extreme pressure additives.
  • the phospho-sulfur antiwear and / or extreme pressure additives are for example and without limitation thiophosphoric acid, thiophosphorous acid, esters of these acids, their salts, and dithiophosphates, mono- or dithiophosphates other than the amine thiophosphates according to the invention, particularly the zinc dithiophosphates.
  • phospho-sulfurized anti-wear and extreme pressure additives those which contain from 1 to 3 sulfur atoms, such as monobutylthiophosphate, monooctylthiophosphate, monolaurylthiophosphate, dibutylthiophosphate, dilaurylthiophosphate, triophiophiophosphate, triophiophosphate, phenophosphate, triophiophosphate, trilaurylthiophosphate, monobutylthiophosphate, monoctylthiophosphite, monolaurylthiophosphite, dibutylthiophosphite, dilaurylthiophosphite, tributylthiophosphite, trioctylthiophosphite, triphenylthiophosphite, trilaurylthiophosphite and their salts.
  • sulfur atoms such as monobutylthiophosphate, monooctylthiophosphate, mono
  • salts of esters of thiophosphoric acid and of thiphosphorous acid are those obtained by reaction with a nitrogenous compound such as ammonia or an amine or zinc oxide or zinc chloride.
  • the phosphorus-sulfur antiwear and extreme pressure additives of the compositions according to the invention are thiophosphates, corresponding to formula (IVb): where X 1 and X 2 are independently of each other a sulfur atom or an oxygen atom, at least one of them being a sulfur atom, R 1 and R 2 are either an atom hydrogen or alkyl groups having between 1 and 22 carbon atoms, preferably between 6 and 18, M is a metal chosen from the group formed by groups IIA, III, VA, VIA, IB, VIB, VIII of the periodic table, n + being the valence of said metal.
  • Particularly preferred compounds of formula (IVb) are dithiophosphates (X 1 and X 2 are sulfur atoms), preferably zinc.
  • the lubricating compositions may also contain phosphorus-containing antiwear and extreme pressure additives, such as, for example, alkyl phosphates or alkyl phosphonates, phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, mono-, di- and triesters of phosphorous acid and phosphoric acid, and their salts.
  • phosphorus-containing antiwear and extreme pressure additives such as, for example, alkyl phosphates or alkyl phosphonates, phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, mono-, di- and triesters of phosphorous acid and phosphoric acid, and their salts.
  • the lubricating compositions can also contain sulfur antiwear and extreme pressure additives. Mention may be made, by way of example of sulfur-containing antiwear and extreme pressure additives, dithiocarbamates, thiadiazoles and benzothiazoles, and sulfur-containing olefins.
  • SIBs The most common sulfur olefins are called SIBs, for “Sulfurized IsoButylenes”. These sulfur-containing olefins are generally obtained by a sulphurization reaction of olefins with sulfur, hydrogen sulphide or hydrated alkali metal sulphides, for example sodium sulphide. An example of processes for the preparation of such sulfur-containing olefins is for example described in the patents US 4344854 and US 5135670 . A very wide range of olefins can thus be sulfurized.
  • sulfurized olefins are produced from isobutylene, diisobutylene, triisobutylene, tripropylene or tetrapropylene.
  • the SIBs thus produced are mixtures of compounds of ill-defined structure comprising, among other impurities, trithiones, dithiolethiones and halogens, and a high content of active sulfur.
  • the lubricating compositions according to the invention comprise from 0.2 to 10% by mass of antiwear and / or extreme pressure agents, relative to the mass of lubricating composition, preferably from 0.5 to 8%, from 1 at 5%, preferably from 2 to 4%.
  • compositions according to the invention may also comprise, in addition to the copolymer of ethylene and of alpha-olefin, other polymers which improve the viscosity index (VI) such as polymethacrylates, polyacrylates, olefin copolymers. , Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomers (EPDM), polybutenes, copolymers of styrene and olefin, hydrogenated or not.
  • EPDM Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomers
  • the preferred polymers are polymethacrylates (PMA).
  • the polymethacrylates will, for example, be linear polymethacrylates, non-dispersed, of low mass or of medium mass.
  • low mass is understood to mean PMAs with a weight-average molecular mass Mw of less than 20,000 (standard ASTM D5296).
  • average mass is meant PMAs with a weight average molecular mass Mw of between 30,000 and 90,000 (preferably around 50,000 (ASTM D5296).
  • high mass PMAs with a weight average molecular mass Mw greater than 100,000 (ASTM D5296).
  • the lubricating compositions according to the invention can also contain all types of additives suitable for their use in formulations of oils for transmissions, for example one or more additives chosen from antioxidant additives, corrosion inhibitors, dispersants, present in usual levels required for the application.
  • the preferred dispersants are polyisobutylenes (PIB), polyisobutylene of succinic anhydride, amino derivatives of polyisobutylene of succinic anhydride (PIB succinimides).
  • the preferred antioxidants are, for example, amino antioxidants, preferably diphenylamines such as octadiphenylamines, phenyl-alpha-naphthyl amines, or phenolic antioxidants (dibutylhydroxytoluene BHT and derivatives) or sulfur-containing antioxidants (sulfurized phenates).
  • amino antioxidants preferably diphenylamines such as octadiphenylamines, phenyl-alpha-naphthyl amines, or phenolic antioxidants (dibutylhydroxytoluene BHT and derivatives) or sulfur-containing antioxidants (sulfurized phenates).
  • the preferred anti-corrosion additives are phenolic derivatives, in particular phenolic derivatives ethoxylated and substituted by alkyl groups in the ortho position.
  • the invention also relates to a method of lubricating transmissions such as gearboxes, axles, preferably manual gearboxes of motor vehicles, said method using a lubricating composition as defined above.
  • this method makes it possible to reduce the fuel consumption of vehicles, in particular of motor vehicles.
  • the invention also relates to a method for lubricating transmissions, such as gearboxes, axles, preferably manual gearboxes of motor vehicles, said method implementing at least one copolymer of ethylene and alphaolefin and at least one derivative of dimercaptothiadiazole.
  • the invention relates to a method of lubricating at least one transmission member, the method comprising a step of bringing into contact a lubricating composition comprising at least one copolymer of ethylene and alpha- olefin and at least one derivative of dimercaptothiadiazole.
  • the invention in another embodiment, relates to a method of lubricating at least one transmission member, the method comprising a step of bringing into contact a lubricating composition comprising at least one copolymer of ethylene and of alpha -olefin, at least one derivative of dimercaptothiadiazole and at least one amine thiophosphate.
  • transmission member is understood to mean, for example, an axle or a gearbox, in particular a gearbox for a motor vehicle.
  • this process makes it possible to reduce the coefficient of friction of a lubricating composition.
  • The% by weight of the components of the lubricating compositions are shown in Table I below, as well as the Cameron Plint results.
  • the procedure used measures the coefficient of friction of a roller on a plane, all immersed in the test lubricant, under conditions of temperature (60 ° C, 100 ° C and 140 ° C), load (50, 100, 150 and 200N) and variable frequency (5, 10, 20 and 40 Hz) in order to reproduce the friction conditions encountered in the gearbox control mechanisms during use.
  • the stroke of the roller on the plane that is to say the reciprocating movement back and forth, is fixed at 7 mm.
  • the duration of the test is 10 min.
  • Lubricating compositions 1 to 4 are control lubricating compositions.
  • Lubricating compositions 6 and 7 are lubricating compositions according to the invention.
  • Lubricating compositions 1, 3 and 5 do not contain an ethylene / alphaolefin copolymer.
  • the measured friction coefficients correspond to those which can be expected from a person skilled in the art.
  • Composition 8 is a lubricating composition not comprising amine thiophosphate.
  • ethylene-alphaolefin copolymer a dimercaptothiadiazole and an amine thiophosphate in a lubricating composition improves the coefficient of friction of said composition.
  • Example 7 exhibits a loss in viscosity measured at 100 ° C. according to the standardized test CEC L-45-99 of 2.6%; such a viscosity loss value being perfectly in line with the application of the composition in the lubrication of transmission members, and more particularly of gearboxes.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
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FR3018079B1 (fr) 2014-02-28 2017-06-23 Total Marketing Services Composition lubrifiante a base de nanoparticules metalliques
WO2016136873A1 (ja) * 2015-02-27 2016-09-01 Ｊｘエネルギー株式会社 最終減速機用潤滑油組成物
US20190062666A1 (en) * 2016-03-03 2019-02-28 The Lubrizol Corporation Lubricating Oil Composition Having Improved Air Release
JP2018119059A (ja) * 2017-01-25 2018-08-02 出光興産株式会社 変速機用潤滑油組成物、変速機の潤滑方法及び変速機
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CN114381320B (zh) * 2020-10-21 2023-09-26 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 齿轮油添加剂组合物及其制备方法与应用

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MX2014007278A (es) 2014-08-01
CA2858927A1 (fr) 2013-06-20
CN104066827B (zh) 2016-11-16
WO2013087889A1 (fr) 2013-06-20
US9334462B2 (en) 2016-05-10
AR089276A1 (es) 2014-08-13
US20150218481A1 (en) 2015-08-06
BR112014014490A2 (pt) 2019-10-01
KR20140110861A (ko) 2014-09-17
EP2791294A1 (fr) 2014-10-22
KR101984065B1 (ko) 2019-05-30
RU2612803C2 (ru) 2017-03-13
JP6067027B2 (ja) 2017-01-25
RU2014124015A (ru) 2016-02-10
JP2015500385A (ja) 2015-01-05
CN104066827A (zh) 2014-09-24
FR2984348B1 (fr) 2015-02-27
MX343664B (es) 2016-11-16

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