EP2780664A1 - Capteur extensométrique à réseau de bragg sur fibre pour surfaces courbes - Google Patents

Capteur extensométrique à réseau de bragg sur fibre pour surfaces courbes

Info

Publication number
EP2780664A1
EP2780664A1 EP12805923.5A EP12805923A EP2780664A1 EP 2780664 A1 EP2780664 A1 EP 2780664A1 EP 12805923 A EP12805923 A EP 12805923A EP 2780664 A1 EP2780664 A1 EP 2780664A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fbg
plastic
fastening elements
sliding
teflon
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12805923.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2780664B1 (fr
Inventor
Jochen Maul
Tobias Kipp
Bernd Günther
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hottinger Bruel and Kjaer GmbH
Original Assignee
Hottinger Baldwin Messtechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102011118526A external-priority patent/DE102011118526A1/de
Priority claimed from DE201110118527 external-priority patent/DE102011118527A1/de
Application filed by Hottinger Baldwin Messtechnik GmbH filed Critical Hottinger Baldwin Messtechnik GmbH
Publication of EP2780664A1 publication Critical patent/EP2780664A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2780664B1 publication Critical patent/EP2780664B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
    • G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
    • G01L1/246—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre using integrated gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
    • G01B11/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge using photoelastic elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an optical fiber strain sensor comprising a fiber Bragg grating, hereinafter called an FBG strain sensor.
  • the invention is suitable for precisely measuring an elongation even on curved surfaces.
  • a metal foil DMS consists essentially of a plastic carrier foil on which at least one thin meander-shaped metal foil strip over its entire area, i. H. with its entire surface, is attached. To detect the elongation, the plastic carrier film is glued to the material surface to be examined.
  • the use of a plastic film as a sensor carrier is required because only with such an arrangement DMS can be applied defined. The electrically isolated application of the very thin metal foil without the relatively stable plastic film is impractical outside of laboratory conditions.
  • FBG sensors Analogous to these metal foil DMS, FBG sensors have been developed, which have as an essential component a glass fiber with a fiber Bragg grating, hereinafter referred to as FBG.
  • This glass fiber must also be attached to the material surface to be examined. This also causes problems in handling, because the glass fiber is thin and fragile. Therefore, a sensor carrier had to be developed to make the FBG sensor less sensitive to harsh field conditions. In documents JP 2003 279760 A and WO 2008/101657 A1, such sensory described. By embedding the sensitive fiber with the FBG in a soft plastic mass, the sensor has become manageable and thus practical.
  • the FBG sensor described in the document WO 2008/101657 A1 has a two-point force introduction and thereby a substantially greater measurement accuracy than FBG sensors which are applied over the whole area. With this type of sensor, strains on flat surfaces can be precisely measured. In contrast to the metal foil DMS, however, problems occur in the measurement with FBG sensors on curved surfaces, which are explained with reference to FIGS. 1a to 1g.
  • FIGS. 1a-1c show a conventional metal foil DMS adhered to a curved material surface, wherein FIG. 1a shows a perspective view of the curved material surface with a DMS application. 1 b shows the side view of FIG. 1 a, and FIG. 1 c shows an enlarged detail of FIG. 1 b.
  • FIGS. 1d and 1e show, in longitudinal section and in cross-section, an FBG sensor mounted on a material according to the document WO 2008/101657 A1, which is constructed as follows: A glass fiber with an FBG is held between two rigid fastening elements and into a soft Plastic, z. As a silicone rubber, embedded. The two rigid fasteners are glued to the material surface to be examined. The soft plastic serves For example, to protect the provided with the FBG section of the glass fiber from disturbing forces, ie lateral forces and to improve the handling of the FBG sensor in the application as a whole. If an FBG sensor with this design is used to measure strain on a curved surface, however, effects occur that lead to larger measurement errors. The reasons for this will be explained below with reference to FIGS. 1f-1g.
  • FIG. 1f shows the sensor applied on a curved material surface according to document WO 2008/101657 A1
  • FIG. 1g shows how the glass fiber follows an expansion of the material surface.
  • the elongation of the material surface is indicated by the double arrow in the material to be monitored.
  • the distance between the two fasteners is increased by the lengths a + a, d. H.
  • the fiber is stretched by the length 2a. Since the fiber is only clamped in the two fasteners, it is pulled towards the material surface, i. H. the plastic presses undefined on the FBG.
  • this movement of the fiber the actual strain of the material surface is distorted transferred to the FBG, thereby a measurement error occurs, which is dependent on the radius of curvature of the material surface.
  • an FBG sensor with an optical fiber having an FBG, fixed between two fastening elements The undersides of the fastening elements are designed as adhesive surfaces, which are glued to the material surface to be examined. Furthermore, the optical fiber and the fasteners are embedded in a protective compound of a soft silicone rubber or a plastic having comparable mechanical properties. The fiber is embedded between an upper and a lower thin sliding foil made of Teflon or a plastic with a comparable low coefficient of friction such as Teflon, wherein the underside of the lower sliding foil lies in a plane with the adhesive surfaces.
  • the FBG sensor is fixed with an optical fiber having an FBG, between two fastening elements.
  • the undersides of the fastening elements are designed as adhesive surfaces, which are glued to the material surface to be examined.
  • the optical fiber and the fasteners are embedded in a protective composition of a soft silicone rubber or a plastic having comparable mechanical properties.
  • the fiber is enclosed with a thin sliding tube of Teflon or a plastic with a comparable low coefficient of friction such as Teflon, wherein the outer lower surface line of the sliding tube is in a plane with the adhesive surfaces.
  • An FBG sensor having the structure according to claim 1 or claim 2 also has a significantly lower measurement error on a curved surface than a sensor arrangement according to JP 2003 279760 A or WO 2008/101657 A1. This is due to two effects:
  • the sliding tube is glued to the protective compound according to claim 4.
  • the welding or bonding of the films together and the bonding of the films and the sliding tube with the protective compound prevent the films and the sliding tube can migrate by micro-movements. Such shifts can cause strains within the protective mass, which worsen the accuracy of measurement of the FBG. Such micro-movements occur both with periodically occurring mechanical forces and with temperature fluctuations.
  • Fig. 1a shows a conventional metal foil DMS on a curved material surface.
  • Fig. 1 b shows the side view of Fig. 1a.
  • Fig. 1c shows an enlarged detail of Fig. 1 b.
  • FIGS. 1d-1e show an FBG sensor in longitudinal and cross-section.
  • Fig. 1f shows the FBG sensor according to Fig. 1d on a curved
  • FIG. 1g shows the FBG sensor according to FIG. 1f expanding.
  • FIG. 2a shows the longitudinal section of an FBG sensor according to FIG.
  • FIG. 2b shows a first embodiment of the FBG sensor according to the invention in cross section.
  • Fig. 2c shows a second embodiment of the FBG sensor according to the invention in cross section.
  • Fig. 2d shows a third embodiment of the FBG sensor according to the invention in cross section.
  • Fig. 2e shows a fourth embodiment of the FBG sensor according to the invention in cross section.
  • Fig. 1a shows a perspective view of a conventional metal foil DMS 1 on a curved material surface 2, z.
  • a metal foil strain gage 1 consists essentially of a plastic carrier foil 1a, on which at least one thin meander-shaped metal foil strip 1b is secured over its entire surface. To detect the elongation, the plastic carrier film 1a is adhered to the material surface 2.
  • FIG. 1 b shows the side view of FIG. 1 a
  • FIG. 1 c shows an enlarged detail of FIG. 1 b.
  • the material expands, as shown in FIG. 1c with the expansion arrow A1
  • this elongation is uniformly transferred to the carrier foil 1a due to the full-area adhesion
  • the metal foil 1b is combined with the carrier foil 1a over the entire surface. 1b stretched.
  • the material expansion of the material surface 2 is transferred to the metal foil strip 1b almost without any errors, which is illustrated by the extension arrow A2 of the same size. This almost error-free strain transfer applies to even surfaces as well as to curved surfaces.
  • FIGS. 1d and 1e show in longitudinal and cross-section an FBG sensor 3 according to the document WO 2008/101657 A1, which is constructed as follows: A glass fiber 4 with an FBG 4a is held between two rigid fastening elements 5a, 5b and a soft plastic 6, z. As a silicone rubber, embedded. The two rigid fastening elements 5a, 5b are glued to the material surface 2 to be examined and may consist of interconnected phenol resin-impregnated glass fiber sheets. The soft silicone rubber 6 serves to expose the portion of the optical fiber 4 to the FBG 4a from disturbing forces, i. H. z. As lateral forces to protect and improve the handling of the FBG sensor 3 in the application. If forces F act on the material to be examined and the material and thus the flat material surface 2 expand by the lengths a + a, this elongation is likewise transmitted to the FBG sensor 3 almost error-free, as in the case of the metal foil strain gauge.
  • forces F act on the material to be examined and the material and thus the flat material
  • FIG. 1f shows the FBG sensor 3 applied on a curved material surface 2. Since the optical fiber 4 is very thin and thus very flexible and the silicone rubber 6 likewise adapts well to the radius of curvature of the material surface 2, FBG sensors 3 can be used with this structure in principle also apply well on strongly curved surfaces.
  • Fig. 1g shows the situation when this material surface 2 expands, which is symbolized by the arrows below the curved material wall.
  • the double arrow shows the elongation of the material surface.
  • the fiber 4 is clamped only in the two fastening elements 5a, 5b, it moves towards the material surface and presses into the silicone rubber. This movement is symbolized by the little arrows.
  • the transverse forces acting on the FBG 4a falsify the measurement result.
  • this movement does not completely transfer the actual stretch of the material surface to the FBG 4a, thereby causing another measurement error that depends on the radius of curvature of the material surface. Therefore, it has been found that neither with a sensor according to JP 2003 279760 A, nor with a sensor according to WO 2008/101657 A1 accurate strain measurements on curved surfaces are possible.
  • FIG. 2a shows the longitudinal section of the FBG sensor 3 according to the invention.
  • the basic construction and the function of the FBG sensor 3 are described in conjunction with the cross-sectional illustration of FIG. 2b.
  • the optical fiber 4 is bonded between the fastening elements 5a, 5b, and each fastening element is glued with its underside with the material surface 2. Furthermore, the optical fiber 4 is embedded between two sliding films 7 and 8. These two slides are z. B. Teflon, are welded together at their edges and form a plain bearing for the fiber 4.
  • the in this case 0.15 mm thin sliding film 7 is located directly on the material surface 2, ie the bottom of the sliding film 7 is in the same plane as the adhesive surfaces of the fastening elements 5a, 5b. Since the sliding film 7 due to their nature and their small thickness compresses only negligibly when the fiber 4 is tensioned, the measurement error described in Fig. 1g does not occur or is negligible. Furthermore, since the fiber 4 Covered from above with a sliding film, no slip-stick effects occur due to the influence of the soft plastic 6.
  • FIG. 2c shows that the soft plastic 6 projects beyond the edges of the sliding films 7, 8 and thus provides a very good seal against moisture, which could penetrate by capillary action under the sensor, which would lead to measurement errors in frost.
  • a flexible tube 9 is used instead of the foils 7, 8. This is a preferred embodiment of the invention because it is easy and reliable to manufacture.
  • plastics As a film and tubing all plastics come into question, which can be described as soft elastic and have a very smooth surface, such. As Teflon or silicones.
  • two optical fibers 4 are glued in between the fastening elements 5a, 5b and embedded in the plastic 6.
  • Such multiple sensors are used to z. B. to reduce the probability of failure of measuring chains.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Optical Transform (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un capteur extensométrique à réseau de Bragg sur fibre servant à mesurer des allongements sur des surfaces courbes. La fibre (4) est fixée entre deux éléments de fixation (5a, 5b) dont les faces inférieures sont réalisées sous la forme de surfaces adhésives. La fibre optique (4) et les éléments de fixation (5a, 5b) sont noyés dans une composition de protection (6) à base de caoutchouc silicone souple ou d'une matière plastique ayant des propriétés mécaniques comparables. La fibre (4) est disposée entre des films de glissement minces supérieur et inférieur (7, 8) ou dans une gaine de glissement (9) en téflon ou en une matière plastique ayant un faible coefficient de frottement comparable à celui du téflon. Le dessous du film de glissement inférieur (7) ou la génératrice extérieure inférieure de la gaine de glissement (9) se situe dans le même plan que les surfaces adhésives des éléments de fixation (5a, 5b).
EP12805923.5A 2011-11-15 2012-11-15 Capteur extensométrique à réseau de bragg sur fibre pour surfaces courbes Not-in-force EP2780664B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011118526A DE102011118526A1 (de) 2011-11-15 2011-11-15 FBG-Dehnungssensor
DE102011118525 2011-11-15
DE201110118527 DE102011118527A1 (de) 2011-11-15 2011-11-15 FBG-Dehnungssensor mit erweitertem Temperaturbereich
PCT/DE2012/001095 WO2013071914A1 (fr) 2011-11-15 2012-11-15 Capteur extensométrique à réseau de bragg sur fibre pour surfaces courbes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2780664A1 true EP2780664A1 (fr) 2014-09-24
EP2780664B1 EP2780664B1 (fr) 2017-09-27

Family

ID=47429480

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12805923.5A Not-in-force EP2780664B1 (fr) 2011-11-15 2012-11-15 Capteur extensométrique à réseau de bragg sur fibre pour surfaces courbes

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US10132700B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2780664B1 (fr)
JP (2) JP6258860B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR102007058B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104185772B (fr)
DK (1) DK2780664T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2651674T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT2780664T (fr)
WO (1) WO2013071914A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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EP3812646A1 (fr) * 2019-10-21 2021-04-28 Audi AG Réservoir sous pression, système de surveillance d'un réservoir sous pression et véhicule automobile

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CN103453844A (zh) * 2013-09-25 2013-12-18 天津亿利科能源科技发展股份有限公司 一种基于光纤光栅的柔性管道变形在线监测方法
KR101465156B1 (ko) * 2013-10-01 2014-11-26 한국표준과학연구원 최대 변형률 측정을 위한 fbg 센서, 제조방법 및 사용방법
CN103867793B (zh) * 2014-03-20 2015-10-28 大连理工大学 一种可控预张拉的光纤光栅应变箍夹持器系统
JP6272716B2 (ja) * 2014-03-31 2018-01-31 株式会社熊谷組 成型型枠、及び、当該成型型枠を用いた光ファイバセンサの曲面取付部の形成方法
CN104848798B (zh) 2015-06-08 2018-09-11 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 一种柔性显示器及柔性显示屏的弯曲状态检测方法
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CN107941389A (zh) * 2017-06-22 2018-04-20 南京纳铠生物医药科技有限公司 一种用于任意曲率表面的应力测量和可视化的系统及方法
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EP3812646A1 (fr) * 2019-10-21 2021-04-28 Audi AG Réservoir sous pression, système de surveillance d'un réservoir sous pression et véhicule automobile

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR102007058B1 (ko) 2019-08-02
DK2780664T3 (en) 2018-01-08
JP6388990B2 (ja) 2018-09-12
WO2013071914A1 (fr) 2013-05-23
ES2651674T3 (es) 2018-01-29
JP2018021927A (ja) 2018-02-08
CN104185772B (zh) 2017-07-11
US20140311250A1 (en) 2014-10-23
KR20140089434A (ko) 2014-07-14
JP2014533366A (ja) 2014-12-11
JP6258860B2 (ja) 2018-01-10
EP2780664B1 (fr) 2017-09-27
US10132700B2 (en) 2018-11-20
PT2780664T (pt) 2018-01-02
CN104185772A (zh) 2014-12-03

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