Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
  • A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
  • A24D1/02—Cigars; Cigarettes with special covers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
  • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
  • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
  • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
  • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
  • A24D3/067—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by functional properties
  • A24D3/068—Biodegradable or disintegrable
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
  • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
  • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
  • A24D3/08—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent
  • A24D3/10—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent of cellulose or cellulose derivatives
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
  • D21H11/16—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only modified by a particular after-treatment
  • D21H11/20—Chemically or biochemically modified fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H15/00—Pulp or paper, comprising fibres or web-forming material characterised by features other than their chemical constitution
  • D21H15/02—Pulp or paper, comprising fibres or web-forming material characterised by features other than their chemical constitution characterised by configuration
  • D21H15/06—Long fibres, i.e. fibres exceeding the upper length limit of conventional paper-making fibres; Filaments
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
  • D21H27/08—Filter paper

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a paper for producing a cigarette filter or for use as a filter wrapping paper.
• the invention further relates to an associated cigarette and an associated manufacturing method.
• the paper has the property of rapidly dissolving in water, thereby improving the biodegradability of a cigarette filter made therefrom.
• a conventionally produced filter cigarette generally consists of a cylindrical column of tobacco, which is enveloped by a cigarette paper, and a filter, which consists of a filter material and is covered by a filter wrapping paper.
• a common filter material is cellulose acetate.
• the tobacco column and the filter are connected by a tipping paper.
• the remainder remaining after consumption of the filter cigarette consists largely of the filter. This remainder is not properly disposed of in many cases, but simply thrown away, leaving it in the environment until it breaks down due to environmental influences.
• the tipping paper and the filter paper first detach from the filter material. This process takes place relatively quickly, while the cellulose acetate fibers, depending on environmental conditions, take between one and three years to degrade. There is therefore an interest in the industry in finding materials for cigarette filters that degrade much faster in the environment than cellulose acetate fibers.
• paper is also known as filter material for cigarettes. While paper generally degrades faster in the environment than cellulose acetate, the degradation still takes place slower than desired, even with known paper filters.
• the rate of paper disintegration in water can be measured with an apparatus described in the TAPPI method T 261 "Fines fraction by weight of paper stock by wet screening".
• This apparatus consists of a cylindrical container, 10 cm in inner diameter, filled with 23 ° C distilled water, fitted with a sieve at the lower end and closed by a drain valve below the sieve.
• a stirrer In the container is a stirrer whose speed can be adjusted from 10 to 3000 revolutions per minute.
• the sieve has 32 meshes per 25 mm and an opening width of 0.57 mm. Details regarding the agitator and its position in the container as well as further details on the apparatus can be found in TAPPI T 261.
• the paper sample is added to the container while the agitator is running and the water is stirred with the paper sample for a defined time at a defined speed. Thereafter, the water is drained by opening the drain valve so that the fibers remain on the screen. The sieve with the fibers is dried and the proportion of crumbled paper is determined by image analysis.
• the procedure is as follows.
• the paper to be measured is conditioned for at least two hours under the conditions specified in ISO 187.
• a leaflet of 20 ⁇ 0.5 x 20 ⁇ 0.5 mm is cut out.
• the container is filled with 800 ml of water.
• the stirrer is switched on and set to a speed of 800 revolutions per minute.
• the paper sample is placed in the container where it can disintegrate under the action of the shear forces caused by the agitator.
• the agitator is stopped 30 seconds after the sample is introduced, and the water is drained immediately thereafter by opening the drain valve. On the sieve then remain individual fibers and undissolved paper particles.
• the sieve After draining the water, the sieve is dried together with the fibers for 5 minutes in a drying oven at 105 ° C. The amount of fiber remaining on the sieve is determined by image analysis.
• the screen with the remnants of the paper sample is placed on a black surface and a digital camera takes a picture in grayscale with sufficient spatial resolution. This image is created by means of suitable software, for example the program "Image J.” analyzed.
• a gray level is defined as the threshold, which clearly separates the wire and individual fibers from fiber bundles and larger paper residues.
• the number of pixels is counted, which have a higher gray level than the threshold, so belong to fiber bundles or larger pieces of paper.
• the ratio of the number of these pixels to the total number of pixels corresponding to an intact paper sample of 20 x 20 mm is determined. This ratio is subtracted from 1 and expressed as a percentage. The higher this percentage is, the more paper has decayed.
• a result in this disintegration test of at least 60% corresponds to a paper which completely disintegrates in a container of water with slight movement within a few minutes, while conventional papers in which the disintegration test gives lower results under these conditions often after hours no decay phenomena demonstrate.
• Cigarette filters made from such ordinary papers have the disadvantage of being degraded more slowly in the environment than desired.
• conventional papers that have sufficient stability in the dry state, for example to allow for machine processing tend to dissolve more slowly in the water than desired for the purposes of the present invention.
• the present invention has for its object to provide a filter material, which can be produced easily and inexpensively and at the same time disintegrates relatively quickly in water. This object is achieved by a rapidly disintegrating paper in water according to claim 1 and its manufacturing method according to claim 13. Another object of the invention is a filter cigarette that uses this material.
• a paper can be produced which, despite sufficient stability in the dry state, rapidly disintegrates in water and is suitable for use as filter material for a Cigarette filter is suitable.
• a paper can also be used advantageously as a filter wrapping paper, which should rapidly disintegrate into water for the same reasons as the filter material itself.
• the same hydrogen bonding in conventional paper is responsible for providing the paper with sufficient mechanical strength in the dry state.
• a suitable compromise between the opposing properties of the tendency to disintegration in water and the mechanical strength in the dry state is achieved in the invention by the use of a mixture of long fiber pulp and mercerized pulp, wherein the mixture to a maximum of 90 wt .-% of mercerized pulp and otherwise made of long fiber pulp.
• this "mixture" also includes the possibility that the entire pulp is long fiber pulp.
• mercerized pulps are pulps which have been treated with sodium hydroxide to impart a particularly large volume at low density to the paper.
• a sufficient strength in the dry state is promoted by the fact that the pulp content is comparatively high, so that only a few or no fillers are used.
• the pulp according to the invention can be obtained by selecting the pulp according to the invention, the high pulp content of the total mass and the low freeness a filter or Filterhüllpapierpier that combines sufficient strength in the dry state with a rapid disintegration in water.
• the mean fiber length of the long fiber pulp is more than 1 mm, preferably more than 2 mm and less than 5 mm, preferably less than 4 mm.
• the long-fiber pulp can be obtained from softwood, in particular spruce or pine.
• the desired properties namely a good mechanical strength in the dry state and a rapid disintegration in water can be achieved particularly well if the pulp fiber suspension in the wet state, or at least before a possible processing in a size or film press a Paper machine is treated with a water-soluble cellulose derivative, in particular with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC).
• CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
• the proportion of cellulose derivative is, for example, 20% by weight of the pulp in the pulp, a proportion of the cellulose derivative which is well below 3% by weight of the finished paper, which is typically even well below 1% by weight of the cellulose, is found in the finished paper finished paper amounts. Despite the comparatively small proportion of cellulose derivative remaining in the paper, however, it turns out that this increases both the mechanical strength in the dry state and the tendency to disintegrate in water, which is an optimal effect in the light of the present invention.
• the type of treatment with the cellulose derivative is of crucial importance and in some respects more important than the absolute content of cellulose derivative in the finished paper. Because the inventors have found that the preferred effect in a conventional treatment in the size or film press of a paper machine does not adjust, although in this case a much higher proportion of the cellulose derivative in the finished paper can be achieved than in the case of an addition in the pulper, in the headbox or in the Wire section, where as I said a large proportion of the cellulose derivative is lost with the white water.
• the resulting paper has a measurable but comparably low content of water-soluble cellulose derivative, which is between 0.1% by weight and 3% by weight, preferably between 0.3% by weight and 2% by weight.
• the comparatively small proportion of the cellulose derivative is due to the treatment of the pulp fiber suspension before possible processing in a size press or film press of the paper machine.
• the invention therefore relates to a cigarette filter or filter wrapper paper according to one of the previously described embodiments of the invention, which is obtainable by treating a pulp fiber suspension used in papermaking with a water-soluble cellulose derivative before possible processing in a size or film press of a paper machine.
• the wording "before possible processing in a size press or film press in a paper machine" indicates that the production does not necessarily require the use of a size press or film press, but it includes the treatment customary in the prior art such glue or film press, which does not give the paper according to studies of the inventors just the most advantageous for the purposes of the invention properties.
• the job can be done in particular by spraying, for example in the area of a screen of the paper machine.
• the cellulose derivative is formed by carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as mentioned above, wherein in particular a sodium CMC having a degree of substitution of 0.6 to 0.95, preferably from 0.65 to 0.9 has proven to be advantageous ,
• the filter or filter wrapper paper has a breaking load according to ISO 1924 of at least 9 N / 15 mm, preferably of at least 10 N / 15 mm and particularly preferably of at least 12 N / 15 mm. Such values of the breaking load are sufficient to allow further processing of the paper, with breaking loads of more than 12 N / 15 mm being preferred.
• the filter or filter wrapper paper has a basis weight of 10 to 50 g / m 2 , particularly preferably 20 to 40 g / m 2 .
• the production of the filter paper is preferably carried out on a Schrägsiebmaschine, because can be produced on these machines papers with a particularly high porosity, the filter efficiency is particularly well suited for the filtration of cigarette smoke. Less preferred alternatives are the wire or round screening machines.
• a paper web having a width of, for example, about 30 cm is usually embossed and / or creped, occasionally even at elevated temperature or humidity.
• the filter paper is then formed, as in conventional cellulose acetate filters, into an endless strand which is enveloped by a filter wrapper paper. From this endless strand filter plugs are cut.
• the paper according to the invention can indeed be produced simply and inexpensively.
• special substances can be added to the paper which increase or improve its filtering effect.
• the paper contains metal oxides which catalytically promote the decomposition of CO to CO2, for example iron oxides.
• other substances that selectively remove certain ingredients of the cigarette smoke from the smoke can be used, such as carbonates, for example sodium or potassium carbonate, or bicarbonates, for example, sodium, potassium or ammonium bicarbonate or phosphates, for example sodium or potassium phosphate.
• carbonates for example sodium or potassium carbonate, or bicarbonates, for example, sodium, potassium or ammonium bicarbonate or phosphates, for example sodium or potassium phosphate.
• these substances should either dissolve rapidly in water or, if insoluble in water, should be present in sufficiently small particles so as not to interfere with the decomposition of the paper of the invention in water.
• a filter paper according to the invention was produced from 100% by weight long fiber pulp of the brand Södra Green 85 FZ on an inclined screening machine. This pulp is made from pine and spruce wood and has an average fiber length between 2.35 mm and 2.65 mm. The pulp was ground to a freeness of 15 ° SR around a sufficient breaking load to reach. The paper had a basis weight of 26.9 g / m 2 and a breaking load of 10.6 N / 15 mm. The decay test showed a decay of the paper from 80% to 85%.
• a filter paper according to the invention was made of 70% by weight of Sodra Green 85 FZ long fiber pulp, based on the total fiber amount of the paper, and of 30% by weight of mercerised pulp, also based on the total fiber amount of the paper, Buckeye HPZ brand made a Schrägsiebmaschine.
• the fibers were ground to a freeness of 15 ° SR.
• the paper had a basis weight of 28.6 g / m 2 and a breaking load of 9.7 N / 15 mm.
• the decay test showed a decay of the paper from 80% to 85%.
• a filter paper according to the invention was produced from 100% by weight long fiber pulp of the brand Södra Green 85 FZ on the inclined wire machine.
• Blanose® 7ULC brand CMC was added in an amount of 20% by weight of the pulp.
• the CMC-treated pulp fibers were ground to a degree of 15 ° SR.
• the paper had a basis weight of 27.9 g / m 2 and a breaking load of 14.81 N / 15 mm.
• the proportion of CMC in the paper was less than 1 wt .-% based on the total paper pulp.
• the decay test showed a decay of the paper from 96% to 99%.
• the filter paper according to the invention can actually provide satisfactory dry mechanical strength, namely a breaking load of around 10 N / 15 mm or more, with the ability to disintegrate rapidly in water. This is all the more remarkable as the paper with its advantageous properties can be produced extremely simply and thus cost-effectively.
• the embodiment 3 also shows the special technical effect that can be achieved by the addition of water-soluble cellulose derivatives, in the specific case CMC brand Blanose® 7ULC.
• Blanose ® Refined CMC is a sodium CMC with a minimum purity of 98% and anionic charge.
• the degree of substitution of Blanose 7ULC Measured with method MA 304.1506A yields 0.65-0.90 with 7.0% -8.9% sodium content.
• both the breaking load and the disintegration of the paper can be significantly increased. This is a surprising and remarkable result, since usually the rate of decay, in water and the breaking load, are competing parameters in the sense that the optimization of one is usually at the expense of the other.
• a filter paper not according to the invention was produced from 100% by weight long-fiber cellulose of the brand Södra Green 85 FZ on a Rapid Köthen sheet forming unit with static sheet former from PTI Paper Testing Instruments GmbH, type RK3-KWT, serial number 0311.
• the pulp fibers were ground to a freeness of 50 ° SR.
• the paper had a basis weight of 26.6 g / m 2 and a breaking load of 19.54 N / 15 mm.
• the decay test showed a 0% decay of the paper.
• Comparative example 1 differs from embodiment 1 essentially in that the freeness at 50 ° SR is chosen to be substantially higher. It turns out that the paper receives a significantly higher breaking load, but only decomposes very slowly in water.
• a non-inventive filter paper was made from 100 wt .-% long fiber pulp brand Södra Green 85 FZ on the Schrägsiebmaschine. The pulp was ground to a freeness of 15 ° SR. The paper was completely soaked with a 2% aqueous solution of Blanose® 7ULC CMC in the size press. The paper had a basis weight of 26.8 g / m 2 and a breaking load of 13.88 N / 15 mm. The content of CMC in the paper was 1 to 2% by weight. The decay test showed a decay of the paper from 40 to 50%
• Comparative Example 2 shows that the application of the CMC in the size press leads to an increase in the breaking load, but at the same time to a slowing down of the decomposition in water, and is therefore not suitable for the purposes of the invention.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Biochemistry (AREA)
• Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
• Paper (AREA)
• Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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• 2012
  • 2012-07-26 DE DE102012106801.1A patent/DE102012106801A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2013
  • 2013-05-14 KR KR1020157000495A patent/KR102161864B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2013-05-14 CN CN201380036369.1A patent/CN104428467B/zh active Active
  • 2013-05-14 ES ES13722685.8T patent/ES2539003T3/es active Active
  • 2013-05-14 US US14/416,680 patent/US9392817B2/en active Active
  • 2013-05-14 PL PL13722685T patent/PL2761085T3/pl unknown
  • 2013-05-14 EP EP20130722685 patent/EP2761085B1/de active Active
  • 2013-05-14 BR BR112014030317-7A patent/BR112014030317B1/pt active IP Right Grant
  • 2013-05-14 RU RU2014148762A patent/RU2624301C2/ru active
  • 2013-05-14 MY MYPI2014003601A patent/MY167400A/en unknown
  • 2013-05-14 WO PCT/EP2013/001422 patent/WO2014015921A1/de active Application Filing
• 2014
  • 2014-12-09 PH PH12014502759A patent/PH12014502759B1/en unknown

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