EP2732012B1 - Compositions d'additifs ameliorant la stabilite et les performances moteur des gazoles - Google Patents

Compositions d'additifs ameliorant la stabilite et les performances moteur des gazoles Download PDF

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EP2732012B1
EP2732012B1 EP12733721.0A EP12733721A EP2732012B1 EP 2732012 B1 EP2732012 B1 EP 2732012B1 EP 12733721 A EP12733721 A EP 12733721A EP 2732012 B1 EP2732012 B1 EP 2732012B1
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mass
chosen
additive
additives
agent
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French (fr)
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EP2732012A1 (fr
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Frédéric Tort
Christian Vermorel
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TotalEnergies Marketing Services SA
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Total Marketing Services SA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L2250/00—Structural features of fuel components or fuel compositions, either in solid, liquid or gaseous state
    • C10L2250/04—Additive or component is a polymer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L2270/00—Specifically adapted fuels
    • C10L2270/02—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines
    • C10L2270/026—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines for diesel engines, e.g. automobiles, stationary, marine

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to additive compositions for improving the stability and engine performance of gas oils used as diesel fuel, particularly non-road type gas oils.
  • non-road diesel a mixture of hydrocarbons of mineral or synthetic origin and 7 parts by volume of methyl esters of fatty acids in accordance with the minimum requirements of EN 590 or any other applicable EU standard or specification at the distribution stage, a maximum sulfur content of 20 mg / kg.
  • the fuel oil has a sulfur content of 1,000 pm mass while the non-road diesel has a sulfur content of less than or equal to 10 ppm mass (tolerance 20 ppm); the cetane index of domestic fuel is 40 while that of non-road diesel is 51 (better flammability).
  • road diesel used as diesel fuel may contain 7 parts by volume of fatty acid esters, in general fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), essentially or exclusively of plant or animal origin. (esters of vegetable and / or animal oils, in particular methyl esters of vegetable oils or VOMEs).
  • FAMEs fatty acid methyl esters
  • the document US-A1-2003 / 0196372 discloses the use of a combination of an aromatic amine and a hindered phenol as an antioxidant.
  • This document describes an additive composition suitable for lowering the deposits on the valves (Internal Valve Deposit).
  • the additive composition comprises said combination: anti-oxidant, a metal deactivator (N, N'-bis-salicylidene-1,2-propane diamine) and a detergent (polyisobutylene diamine) (see paragraph [0028]).
  • CN 102,051,239 discloses a stabilized gas oil composition comprising a major portion of gas oil and a minor portion of an additive composition comprising a polyether amine, a metal inactivating agent, an antioxidant, a hindered alkylphenol, or a mixture of both.
  • the present invention provides a high quality road or off-road diesel which has improved properties compared to the corresponding standard-quality road or off-road diesel (EN 590).
  • many of the properties of standard diesel are improved, and in particular the oxidation resistance, storage stability, thermal stability and engine performance (reduction of fouling of injectors; can also be improved: reduction of power loss; reduction of clogging tendency of filters. ...); cold holding (TLF and pour point).
  • the invention also relates to additive compositions capable of improving the properties of diesel, in particular non-road diesel such as oxidation resistance, storage stability, thermal stability, engine performance (reduction in clogging of the injectors); the cold behavior (TLF and pour point), the reduction of the power loss, the reduction of the clogging tendency of the filters .7) can also be improved.
  • non-road diesel such as oxidation resistance, storage stability, thermal stability, engine performance (reduction in clogging of the injectors); the cold behavior (TLF and pour point), the reduction of the power loss, the reduction of the clogging tendency of the filters .
  • This additive composition added to the fuel more particularly makes it possible to reduce the tendency of the injectors to become fouled by the fuel. Fouling injectors can lead to power losses but also a degradation of the combustion responsible for an increase in polluting emissions.
  • figure 1 represents the loss of power (in%) as a function of the duration (in hours) of an injector fouling test according to the procedure CEC DW10 referenced SG-F-098, on a composition of diesel fuel, diesel G0 reference and a diesel diesel fuel composition G 1 according to the present invention.
  • the metal passivator i) is chosen from triazole derivatives, alone or as a mixture, for example benzotriazole derivatives.
  • triazole derivatives means all the compounds comprising a triazole unit, that is to say a 5-membered aromatic ring unit, having two double bonds and 3 nitrogen atoms. Depending on the position of the nitrogen atoms, we distinguish the 1,2,3-triazole units (called V-triazoles) and the units 1,2,4-triazoles (called S-triazoles).
  • V-triazoles 1,2,3-triazoles
  • S-triazoles 1,2,4-triazoles
  • the metal passivator i) may be chosen from amines substituted with triazole groups, alone or as a mixture.
  • triazole group means any substituent containing a triazole unit as defined above.
  • the metal passivator (s) i) may, for example, be chosen from N, N-Bis (2-ethylhexyl) -1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethanamine (CAS 91273-04-0) and N, N'-bis- (2-ethylhexyl) -4-methyl-1H-benzotriazole amine (CAS80584-90-3), alone or in admixture and the passivators described on page 5 of US2006 / 0272597 cited as an example.
  • the metal passivator is advantageously chosen from N, N-Bis (2-ethylhexyl) -1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethanamine (CAS 91273-04-0) and N, N ' -bis- (2-ethylhexyl) -4-methyl-1H-benzotriazole amine (CAS80584-90-3), alone or in admixture.
  • the additive composition may also contain one or more hydrocarbon organic solvents and optionally at least one compatibilizing agent or cosolvent.
  • the additive composition further comprises at least one hydrocarbon organic solvent and / or at least one compatibilizer or co-solvent.
  • the metal deactivator (s) or chelating agent (a) may be chosen from amines substituted with N, N'-disalicylidene groups, such as N, N'-disalicylidene 1,2-diaminopropane (DMD).
  • the antioxidant agent (s) b) may be chosen from molecules comprising at least one hindered phenol group (alkylphenols), alone or in mixed ;
  • examples of hindered phenol type antioxidants include 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methyl-phenol (BHT), t-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ), 2,6 and 2,4-tert-butyl phenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-t-butyl phenol, pyrogallol, todopherol, 4,4'-methylene bis (2,6-di-t-butyl phenol) ) (CAS RN 118-82-1), alone or in mixture.
  • BHT 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methyl-phenol
  • TBHQ t-butyl hydroquinone
  • 2,6 and 2,4-tert-butyl phenol 2,4-dimethyl-6-t-butyl phenol
  • pyrogallol todopherol
  • the alkyl phenols can be prepared by alkylation reaction between a phenol and an olefin or a polyolefin such as polyisobutylene or polypropylene.
  • the aldehyde used may contain from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, usually formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde.
  • the possible neutralizer or acid scavenger (d) may be chosen from aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic amines.
  • dimethylcyclohexylamine is preferably used as acid neutralizer.
  • the cold-holding additive (s) e) may be chosen from pour point-improving additives (for point), additives improving the filterability limit temperature (TLF), additives improving the cloud point (cloud point). and / or anti-settling and / or dispersing paraffin additives.
  • additives improving the pour point and the filterability mention may be made of copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate (EVA) and / or copolymers of ethylene and propionate of vinyl (EVP).
  • EVA ethylene and vinyl acetate
  • EDP ethylene and propionate of vinyl
  • additives improving the TLF mention may be made of the polyfunctional cold operability additives chosen in particular from the group consisting of olefin and alkenyl nitrate polymers such as those described in US Pat. EP 573,490 .
  • cloud point-improving additives By way of examples of cloud point-improving additives, mention may be made in a nonlimiting manner of the compounds chosen from the group consisting of long-chain olefin terpolymers / (meth) acrylic ester / maleimide ester and ester polymers. of fumaric / maleic acids. Examples of such additives are given in EP 71,513 , EP 100 248 , FR 2 528 051 , FR 2 528 051 , FR 2,528,423 , EP1 12,195 , EP 1 727 58 , EP 271,385 , EP 291367 .
  • anti-sedimentation additives (but not limited to) selected from the group consisting of (meth) acrylic acid / (meth) copolymers may be used in particular.
  • the additive compositions according to the invention contain ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers (EVA) and / or ethylene / vinyl acetate / vinyl versatate terpolymers (VEOVA) and / or ethylene / vinyl acetate terpolymers.
  • EVA ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers
  • VEOVA ethylene / vinyl acetate / vinyl versatate terpolymers
  • ethylene / vinyl acetate terpolymers / or ethylene / vinyl acetate terpolymers.
  • / acrylate ester (2-ethylhexyl acrylate) as a cold-holding additive
  • a mixture of at least one organic tricyclic compound and at least one aldehyde, an ester, a hydroxide, a ketone, an essential oil is preferably used as scenting, odor masking or reodorant agent g). as defined above.
  • compositions according to the invention may have several functionalities, typically marker and perfuming agent: a component may be both a marker and a perfuming agent.
  • the additive composition according to the invention may contain, in addition to the additive (s) according to the invention, one or more other additives, different from the constituents a) to i), and the solvent (s) and / or or co-solvents such as for example other markers than those corresponding to the definition of the markers e) and in particular the markers imposed by the regulation, for example the Red dye, which is currently the regulatory color of non-road diesel and fuel oil domestic, demulsifiers; anti-static additives or conductivity improvers; lubricant additives, anti-wear agents and / or friction modifiers, the additives improving combustion including cetane-enhancing additives, anti-foam additives ...
  • the invention relates to a method for preparing the additive compositions as defined above, by mixing, preferably at ambient temperature, components a) to c), and optionally e) to i) said compositions and / or solvent (s) and / or compatibilizing agents, in one or more steps according to any suitable mixing means.
  • the process for preparing the additive compositions as defined above is carried out by mixing, preferably at ambient temperature, components a) to c) and compound i), and optionally e) h) said compositions and / or solvent (s) and / or compatibilizing agents, in one or more steps according to any suitable mixing means.
  • additive compositions according to the invention also comprise solvent (s) and / or co-solvent, they can be prepared in the same way, by mixing the components in one or more steps.
  • the additive compositions according to the invention have the additional advantage of being storage stable for at least several months at temperatures generally ranging from -15 ° C. to + 40 ° C. and can therefore be stored, for example in deposit, in refinery, before mixing with standard diesel or non-road diesel.
  • Fuel is a fuel that supplies an internal combustion engine.
  • a diesel type liquid fuel is considered as a fuel that feeds a Diesel type engine.
  • the diesel type liquid fuel composition comprises at least 50% by weight of the liquid hydrocarbon mixture.
  • the mixture based on liquid hydrocarbons is advantageously constituted by any mixture of hydrocarbons that can be used as diesel fuel.
  • Diesel fuels generally comprise hydrocarbon cuts having a distillation range (determined according to ASTM D 86) between 150 and 380 ° C, with an initial point between 150 and 180 ° C and an end point between 340 and 380 ° C.
  • the density at 15 ° C of gas oils is typically between 0.810 and 0.860.
  • the diesel type liquid fuel composition may comprise a product of renewable origin such as fatty acid esters.
  • the renewable product content of the diesel fuel liquid fuel composition is advantageously at least 0.2% by weight.
  • the diesel fuel liquid fuel composition may comprise at least seven parts by volume of at least one product of renewable origin.
  • the product of renewable origin is chosen from esters of fatty acids, essentially or exclusively of animal or vegetable origin.
  • the fatty acid esters are advantageously fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), which are essentially or exclusively of plant or animal origin, for example esters of vegetable and / or animal oils, in particular methyl esters of vegetable oils or FAME.
  • the liquid fuel composition of the diesel road or non-road type according to the invention comprises from 100 to 2000 ppm, preferably from 250 to 1500 ppm, more preferably from 250 to 1000 ppm by weight of composition (s) of additives such as (s) as defined above.
  • Any other additives are generally incorporated in amounts ranging from 50 to 1500 ppm by weight.
  • any other additives mention may be made, without limitation, of lubricant or anti-wear additives, combustion improvers, anti-foam agents, anti-corrosion agents, detergents, etc.
  • the diesel fuel type liquid fuel compositions according to the invention may be prepared by mixing the liquid fuel, the additive composition or compositions according to the invention and the optional additive (s), in one or more stages, generally at ambient temperature. It is not beyond the scope of the invention to separately mix the components of the additive composition according to the invention (additives a) to c)), optionally additives d) to i), the solvent (s) ( s) and / or co-solvent (s)), any other additives (in pack form or not) with the diesel type fuel.
  • the invention relates to the use of the additive compositions as described above as an agent improving the storage stability, the oxidation resistance, the cold resistance and, more particularly, the engine performance. in particular the reduction of fouling (clogging and clogging) of diesel fuels, in particular non-road diesel fuels.
  • the invention also relates to the use of the liquid fuel compositions based on diesel fuel according to the invention as defined above as diesel fuel of higher quality, ie having stability properties. storage and vis-à-vis materials, resistance to oxidation, cold resistance and, more particularly, engine performance including a reduction of fouling (fouling and clogging) higher than that of a diesel road and off-road standard quality (which meets at least the specifications of EN 590).
  • Injector fouling tests according to the XUD9 procedure were carried out on 5 non-road diesel compositions B7 additive with the compositions F1 to F5 of Example 1 respectively as well as on the same virgin non-road B7 diesel evaluated at the beginning and at the end of the series so as to frame the results and check the stability of the engine.
  • the fouling test implemented has the following characteristics: The objective of this test is to evaluate the performance of the fuels and / or additive compositions with respect to the fouling of the injectors on a Peugeot engine XUD9 A / L four-cylinder and indirect injection Diesel.
  • Non-road diesel fuel containing 7% (vol / vol) or (v / v) EMAG and meeting the tested blank EN590 standard has a fouling level of around 70% (72% at baseline and 70% at baseline). 4% at the end of the series). All the additive compositions tested have a level of fouling ranging from 60.7 to 10.5%, which is equivalent to or lower than that of the virgin B7 non-road diesel test. The best cases measured have a gain greater than or equal to 10%.
  • compositions F1, F3, F4 and F5 have a more favorable effect for limiting the fouling of the XUD9 injectors.
  • non-road diesel additives with the compositions F1 to F5 have a variation in gum content and a variation in acid number limited compared to the non-additive gas oil.
  • Formulations F3 and F5 are the most effective for limiting the formation of gums (Table 7).
  • the variation of the acid number it is found that the F1 and F3 compositions are the most effective for limiting the evolution of the acidity (Table 8).
  • GOM B7 tested GOM EN 590 having undergone soaking of a Cu blade and a Zn slide for 7 days at 20 ° C.
  • compositions F2; F3 and F5 are the most effective in limiting the solution transition of copper and zinc.
  • Oxidation stability tests according to the Rancimat method are carried out on the fuel compositions previously brought into contact with metals such as zinc or copper as described in example 4.
  • the results obtained according to the Rancimat method show a degradation of the stability of the GOM B7 compared to the stability tests on fuels that have not been put in contact with the metals of Example 3.
  • the filterability temperature is measured according to the NF EN 116 standard of several B0 (non-EMAG) or B7 type non-road diesel (with 7% vol / vol EMAG) EN 590 with or without additives at 1000 ppm v / v with the composition F3.
  • the gain of TLF is also measured with respect to the same non-additive diesel. The results are shown in Table 11. ⁇ b> Table 11 ⁇ / b> Evaluation of cold holding TLF NF EN 116 - GOM B7 additive with 1000ppm vol./vol.
  • the composition F3 makes it possible to improve the TLF with a gain of 4 to 15 ° C. at the additivation level of 1000 ppm vol./vol.
  • Tests of fouling of injectors according to the procedure CEC DW10 referenced SG-F-098 were carried out on a composition of diesel fuel B7 answering at least the specification EN 590, additive with the composition F3 of example 1, denoted G 1 , as well as on the same composition of diesel B7 blank, rated G 0 , evaluated at the beginning and end of the series so as to frame the results and check the stability of the engine.
  • the test uses a DW10BTED4 engine developed by PSA Ford Citro ⁇ n, with a displacement of 1998 cm 3 , with direct diesel injection, compliant with Euro 4 emissions standards if the vehicle is equipped with a particulate filter.
  • Table 11 summarizes the main characteristics of the motor: Table 11 Architecture 4-cylinder in-line, overhead camshaft, equipped with a turbocharger and exhaust gas recirculation EGR 100kW @ 4000tr / min performances 320NM @ 2000tr / min Injection system Common rail with piezo injectors, 6 holes developed by Continental Automotive, Maximum injection pressure: 1660bar
  • the test evaluates the power loss of the motor after 32 hours of walking. Low power loss indicates low fouling.
  • the additive composition will therefore be judged by its non-fouling nature and its ability to prevent deposits when it is introduced into the fuel in the presence of zinc.
  • the value of the power is measured on the twelfth step (4000tr / min full load).
  • the result of the test is the loss of power measured on this point between the end of the test (linear average of the last 5 measurements) and the beginning of the test (linear average of the first 5 measurements).
  • the figure 1 shows the fouling obtained for the reference fuel G 0 + 1 ppm Zn and for the fuel according to the invention G 1 + 1ppm Zn.
  • the gas oil composition G 1 according to the invention therefore has a non-fouling character.
  • the additive composition F3 is remarkable in that it has a strong ability to prevent deposits when it is introduced into a diesel fuel in the presence of zinc.

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US20140157655A1 (en) 2014-06-12
BR112014000610A2 (pt) 2017-04-18
FR2977895A1 (fr) 2013-01-18
HUE028303T2 (en) 2016-12-28
EA201490007A1 (ru) 2014-04-30
JP2014522898A (ja) 2014-09-08
CN103797098B (zh) 2016-01-20
US20180334627A1 (en) 2018-11-22
BR112014000610B1 (pt) 2019-11-12
EA030229B1 (ru) 2018-07-31
FR2977895B1 (fr) 2015-04-10
JP6067695B2 (ja) 2017-01-25
DK2732012T3 (en) 2016-01-25
WO2013007738A1 (fr) 2013-01-17
US10081773B2 (en) 2018-09-25
CN103797098A (zh) 2014-05-14
DK2732012T5 (da) 2016-02-29
CA2841174A1 (fr) 2013-01-17
US10538714B2 (en) 2020-01-21
ZA201309641B (en) 2016-03-30
CA2841174C (fr) 2020-07-07
IN2014DN00248A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 2015-06-05
AR087128A1 (es) 2014-02-12
EP2732012A1 (fr) 2014-05-21

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