JP5426375B2 - 燃料組成物 - Google Patents
燃料組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5426375B2 JP5426375B2 JP2009521252A JP2009521252A JP5426375B2 JP 5426375 B2 JP5426375 B2 JP 5426375B2 JP 2009521252 A JP2009521252 A JP 2009521252A JP 2009521252 A JP2009521252 A JP 2009521252A JP 5426375 B2 JP5426375 B2 JP 5426375B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- fischer
- composition
- tropsch derived
- fuel composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 363
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 169
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 70
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006078 metal deactivator Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 40
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 37
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 37
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 29
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 29
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 20
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 19
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 15
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 15
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 14
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 12
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002816 fuel additive Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 5
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006701 autoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940120693 copper naphthenate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SEVNKWFHTNVOLD-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;3-(4-ethylcyclohexyl)propanoate;3-(3-ethylcyclopentyl)propanoate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CCC1CCC(CCC([O-])=O)C1.CCC1CCC(CCC([O-])=O)CC1 SEVNKWFHTNVOLD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000006114 decarboxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010771 distillate fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004231 fluid catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001095 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920005547 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
- C10L1/1625—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
- C10L1/08—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/04—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for minimising corrosion or incrustation
Description
n(CO+2H2)=(−CH2−)n+nH2O+熱
パラフィン系炭化水素のフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成用触媒は、触媒活性成分として、通常、周期表第VIII族の金属、特にルテニウム、鉄、コバルト又はニッケルを含有する。この種の好適な触媒は、例えばEP−A−0583836(第3、4頁)に記載されている。
本発明では、フィッシャー・トロプシュ誘導燃料成分は、例えばナフサ、ケロシン又はディーゼル(ガス油)成分、好適にはディーゼル成分のようなケロシン又はディーゼル成分であってよい。
本発明に従って製造した燃料組成物は、2種以上のフィッシャー・トロプシュ誘導燃料成分の混合物を含有してよい。
フィッシャー・トロプシュ誘導成分を導入する前の燃料組成物のJFTOT区切り点は、例えば350℃以下、又は300℃以下、又は250℃以下であってよい。
得られるブレンドの熱安定性を向上する目的で、非フィッシャー・トロプシュ誘導ベース燃料とフィッシャー・トロプシュ誘導燃料成分とを任意に他の燃料成分(例えば燃料添加剤)と一緒にブレンドする工程を含む燃料組成物の配合方法を提供する。本発明による第八又は第九局面の方法は、燃料組成物に対し、所望目標(一般に最小限)レベルの熱安定性を達成する目的で使用してよい。
本明細書の説明及び特許請求の範囲を通して、語句“含む(comprise、comprises、contain)”及びこれら語句の変化、例えば“含んでいる(comprising)”は“含むが、限定しない(including but not limited to”を意味し、他の部分(moieties)、添加剤、成分、整数又は工程を除外しない。
本発明の各局面の特徴は、他の局面のいずれかと関連して記載されているとしてよい。
以下の実施例は、本発明に従って製造した燃料組成物の特性、特に触媒金属の溶解能力、並びに熱安定性及び貯蔵安定性を例証する。
本例は、金属表面と接触した時の4種の異なる自動車用ディーゼル燃料組成物の触媒金属に対する可溶化能力を評価した。これらの組成物を銅片上に43℃で大気圧下に貯蔵した。サンプルは1ヶ月ごとに取り出し、誘電連結プラズマ質量分光計(ICP−MS)で銅含有量を測定した。
F1: 市販の超低硫黄自動車用ディーゼル燃料(石油誘導)、英国産。
F2及びF3:市販の硫黄なし自動車用ディーゼル燃料(石油誘導)、それぞれスエーデン産、ドイツ産。
F4: フィッシャー・トロプシュ誘導ガス油(シェルから)
これら4種の燃料の特性を下記表1に示す。
本実施例では4種の燃料F1〜F4の固有の熱安定性を標準試験法ASTM D3241(IP 323)に従い、燃料の熱酸化テスター(JFTOT)を用いて評価した。この方法は、ジェット燃料の評価のために発展したもので、燃料を特定の流速で特定時間、加熱管上にポンプ送りする工程を含む。JFTOT“区切り点”は、燃料が管外観及び試験フィルターの圧力差に関するJFTOT試験基準をパスする点で最高温度(最近接の5℃まで測定する)である。JFTOT試験は、燃料に対し、通常、ディーゼルエンジンで観察される温度よりも高温を適用するように選択され、こうして、燃料の安定性について比較的厳しい評価を与える。また、促進試験法であっても比較的短時間で安定性のデータを得ることができる。
4種の燃料の結果を表3に示す。
本例はディーゼル燃料の熱安定性に及ぼす銅吸収の影響を評価した。燃料F2〜F4(これらは同等の低レベル硫黄を有する)について、適当量のナフテン酸銅をドープした後、実施例1に概略したJFTOT法を用いて評価した。ドーピングレベルは、実施例2で観察したように、各ケースにおいて、銅片と接触させて8週間貯蔵後、燃料中に見られたレベルに近づくように選択した。こうして、燃料F2及びF3については、50ppbwの銅を目指した。このレベルは、これら燃料に54日でそれぞれ検出された50ppbwと30ppbwとの中ほどにある。フィッシャー・トロプシュ誘導燃料F4については、20ppbwのドーピングレベルを目指した。
JFTOTの結果を表4に示す。
本例は、5種の異なるディーゼル燃料組成物の貯蔵安定性を、貯蔵中、過酸化物の蓄積傾向について評価した。
F1&F2:市販の超低硫黄(<50mg/kg)石油誘導自動車用ディーゼ
ル燃料、両方とも英国産
F3: 市販のゼロ硫黄(<5mg/kg)石油誘導自動車用ディーゼル
燃料、スエーデン産
F4&F5:2種のフィッシャー・トロプシュ誘導ガス油(シェル製)、両方
とも硫黄含有量<5mg/kg
抽出した燃料サンプルの過酸化物含有量を表5に示す。
前述のように、多数の要因が燃料の貯蔵安定性に影響するものと考えられる。これらの要因には、その燃料に固有の自然酸化防止性の程度ばかりでなく、燃料の炭化水素構造も含まれる。安定な炭化水素ラジカルを形成する能力は、ラフィカル駆動の自動酸化ブロセスを促進し、こうして燃料の貯蔵安定性を低下させる。ラジカル安定性は、芳香族>環式及びイソパラフィン>ノーマルパラフィンの順で低下するものと考えられる。
下記表6は、実施例4で使用したフィッシャー・トロプシュ誘導ガス油F5の組成を、英国産の市販の石油誘導超低硫黄ディーゼル燃料F6と比較したものである。
したがって、本発明に従って、フィッシャー・トロプシュ誘導燃料は、これを導入する燃料組成物の全体の貯蔵安定性を向上するために使用できる。
Claims (10)
- 燃料組成物の金属溶解傾向を低減する目的で燃料組成物にフィッシャー・トロプシュ誘導燃料成分を使用する方法であって、フィッシャー・トロプシュ誘導成分は、
オレフィン含有量が、0.5%以下;
芳香族含有量が、0.5%以下;
40 O Cでの動粘度が、2.5〜4.0mm 2 /sであり;そして、
少なくとも70%w/wのパラフィン系成分を含み、ノーマルパラフィンに対するイソパラフィンの重量比が0.3より大きく、12以下であり;
ここで、得られる燃料組成物が金属含有表面との接触後に含有する関連金属の量が、フィッシャー・トロプシュ誘導燃料成分の導入前の燃料組成物を同じ条件下で同じ期間、同じ金属表面と接触させた場合の関連金属の量に比べて、少なくとも10%低減する、前記方法。 - 更に組成物の熱安定性を向上する目的である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 更に組成物中の金属不活性化剤の濃度を低減する目的である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 更に組成物中の酸化防止剤の濃度を低減する目的である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 更に組成物中の洗浄添加剤の濃度を低減する目的である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 更に組成物の貯蔵安定性を向上する目的である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 得られるブレンドの金属溶解傾向を低減する目的で、及び/又は該ブレンドの貯蔵安定性を向上する目的で、非フィッシャー・トロプシュ誘導ベース燃料とフィッシャー・トロプシュ誘導燃料成分とを任意に他の燃料成分と一緒にブレンドする工程を含む、燃料組成物を配合する方法であって、フィッシャー・トロプシュ誘導成分は、
オレフィン含有量が、0.5%以下;
芳香族含有量が、0.5%以下;
40 O Cでの動粘度が、2.5〜4.0mm 2 /sであり;そして、
少なくとも70%w/wのパラフィン系成分を含み、ノーマルパラフィンに対するイソパラフィンの重量比が0.3より大きく、12以下であり;
ここで、得られる燃料組成物が金属含有表面との接触後に含有する関連金属の量が、フィッシャー・トロプシュ誘導燃料成分の導入前の燃料組成物を同じ条件下で同じ期間、同じ金属表面と接触させた場合の関連金属の量に比べて、少なくとも10%低減する、前記方法。 - 請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の方法で製造した燃料組成物をシステムに導入する工程を含む、燃料消費システムを操作する方法。
- 燃料組成物が、ディーゼル燃料組成物である、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 燃料組成物中のフィッシャー・トロプシュ誘導燃料成分の濃度が5〜30%v/vである、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP06253934.1 | 2006-07-27 | ||
EP06253934 | 2006-07-27 | ||
PCT/EP2007/057649 WO2008012320A1 (en) | 2006-07-27 | 2007-07-25 | Fuel compositions |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2009544787A JP2009544787A (ja) | 2009-12-17 |
JP5426375B2 true JP5426375B2 (ja) | 2014-02-26 |
Family
ID=37560841
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2009521252A Active JP5426375B2 (ja) | 2006-07-27 | 2007-07-25 | 燃料組成物 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080244966A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2046923B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5426375B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101517044B (ja) |
AR (1) | AR062133A1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2007278172A1 (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0715106A2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008012320A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008214369A (ja) * | 2007-02-28 | 2008-09-18 | Showa Shell Sekiyu Kk | ディーゼルエンジン用燃料組成物 |
CA2700053C (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2014-02-04 | Yuichi Tanaka | Method of manufacturing diesel fuel |
JP2011523690A (ja) * | 2008-06-06 | 2011-08-18 | セイソル テクノロジー (プロプライエタリー) リミテッド | 圧縮着火エンジンにおける摩耗の軽減 |
BR122018075929B1 (pt) * | 2008-10-10 | 2022-09-27 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Aditivos para reduzir a captação de metal em combustíveis |
EP2371931B1 (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2013-12-11 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Fuel compositions containing biodiesel and Fischer-Tropsch derived diesel |
JP2013525594A (ja) * | 2010-05-06 | 2013-06-20 | セイソル テクノロジー (プロプライエタリー) リミテッド | 高パラフィン系蒸留燃料を用いたディーゼルエンジン注入器汚損の改善 |
CA2807766C (en) | 2010-08-16 | 2020-07-21 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Jet fuels having superior thermal stability |
FR2977895B1 (fr) * | 2011-07-12 | 2015-04-10 | Total Raffinage Marketing | Compositions d'additifs ameliorant la stabilite et les performances moteur des gazoles non routiers |
CA2923204C (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2017-08-29 | Greyrock Energy, Inc. | Diesel fuel blends with improved performance characteristics |
CN105567346B (zh) * | 2016-02-04 | 2017-04-26 | 北京中燕恒成能源有限公司 | 一种高清试验用油及其制备方法 |
CN114410342A (zh) * | 2016-10-18 | 2022-04-29 | 马威特尔有限责任公司 | 减少港口内硫排放的方法和抵消或减少燃料成本的方法 |
Family Cites Families (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2362208A1 (fr) * | 1976-08-17 | 1978-03-17 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de valorisation d'effluents obtenus dans des syntheses de type fischer-tropsch |
US4478955A (en) * | 1981-12-21 | 1984-10-23 | The Standard Oil Company | Upgrading synthesis gas |
US5689031A (en) * | 1995-10-17 | 1997-11-18 | Exxon Research & Engineering Company | Synthetic diesel fuel and process for its production |
US6296757B1 (en) | 1995-10-17 | 2001-10-02 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Synthetic diesel fuel and process for its production |
US5814109A (en) * | 1997-02-07 | 1998-09-29 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Diesel additive for improving cetane, lubricity, and stability |
US6162956A (en) | 1998-08-18 | 2000-12-19 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co | Stability Fischer-Tropsch diesel fuel and a process for its production |
EP1129155A1 (en) * | 1998-10-05 | 2001-09-05 | Sasol Technology (Proprietary) Limited | Process for producing middle distillates and middle distillates produced by that process |
US7217852B1 (en) * | 1998-10-05 | 2007-05-15 | Sasol Technology (Pty) Ltd. | Process for producing middle distillates and middle distillates produced by that process |
US6204426B1 (en) * | 1999-12-29 | 2001-03-20 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Process for producing a highly paraffinic diesel fuel having a high iso-paraffin to normal paraffin mole ratio |
US6833484B2 (en) * | 2001-06-15 | 2004-12-21 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Inhibiting oxidation of a Fischer-Tropsch product using petroleum-derived products |
US20070187292A1 (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2007-08-16 | Miller Stephen J | Stable, moderately unsaturated distillate fuel blend stocks prepared by low pressure hydroprocessing of Fischer-Tropsch products |
US6846402B2 (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2005-01-25 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Thermally stable jet prepared from highly paraffinic distillate fuel component and conventional distillate fuel component |
US6776897B2 (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2004-08-17 | Chevron U.S.A. | Thermally stable blends of highly paraffinic distillate fuel component and conventional distillate fuel component |
US6765025B2 (en) * | 2002-01-17 | 2004-07-20 | Dalian Institute Of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy Of Science | Process for direct synthesis of diesel distillates with high quality from synthesis gas through Fischer-Tropsch synthesis |
MY140444A (en) * | 2002-04-25 | 2009-12-31 | Shell Int Research | Diesel fuel compositions |
US7179364B2 (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2007-02-20 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Production of stable olefinic Fischer-Tropsch fuels with minimum hydrogen consumption |
US7479168B2 (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2009-01-20 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Stable low-sulfur diesel blend of an olefinic blend component, a low-sulfur blend component, and a sulfur-free antioxidant |
US20040173501A1 (en) * | 2003-03-05 | 2004-09-09 | Conocophillips Company | Methods for treating organic compounds and treated organic compounds |
BRPI0414040A (pt) * | 2003-09-03 | 2006-10-24 | Shell Int Research | uso de um combustìvel derivado de fischer-tropsch, e, composição de combustìvel |
CN1856562B (zh) * | 2003-09-03 | 2010-06-23 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | 燃料组合物及其制备方法和用途 |
US7404888B2 (en) * | 2004-07-07 | 2008-07-29 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Reducing metal corrosion of hydrocarbons using acidic fischer-tropsch products |
US6997854B2 (en) * | 2004-07-19 | 2006-02-14 | Zhong-Jin Yang | Travel adjusting device for stepping exercisers |
-
2007
- 2007-07-25 CN CN200780034331.5A patent/CN101517044B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-07-25 WO PCT/EP2007/057649 patent/WO2008012320A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-07-25 BR BRPI0715106-3A patent/BRPI0715106A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-07-25 AU AU2007278172A patent/AU2007278172A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-07-25 EP EP07787879.1A patent/EP2046923B1/en active Active
- 2007-07-25 JP JP2009521252A patent/JP5426375B2/ja active Active
- 2007-07-26 US US11/828,929 patent/US20080244966A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-07-27 AR ARP070103343A patent/AR062133A1/es unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BRPI0715106A2 (pt) | 2013-06-04 |
EP2046923A1 (en) | 2009-04-15 |
AR062133A1 (es) | 2008-10-15 |
JP2009544787A (ja) | 2009-12-17 |
CN101517044A (zh) | 2009-08-26 |
EP2046923B1 (en) | 2016-12-28 |
AU2007278172A1 (en) | 2008-01-31 |
WO2008012320A1 (en) | 2008-01-31 |
CN101517044B (zh) | 2013-09-18 |
US20080244966A1 (en) | 2008-10-09 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5426375B2 (ja) | 燃料組成物 | |
JP4878731B2 (ja) | 高度にパラフィン系の留出物燃料成分及び従来の留出物燃料成分から調製される熱的に安定なジェット | |
JP5053638B2 (ja) | 石油誘導ケロシンとフィッシャー・トロプシュ誘導ケロシンとのブレンド | |
EP1554364B1 (en) | Fuel compositions | |
US8766022B2 (en) | Method for synergistically increasing the cetane number of a fuel composition and a fuel composition comprising a synergistically increased cetane number | |
EP2371931B1 (en) | Fuel compositions containing biodiesel and Fischer-Tropsch derived diesel | |
ZA200408311B (en) | Diesel fuel compositions | |
AU2004269170C1 (en) | Fuel compositions | |
AU2004269169A1 (en) | Fuel compositions comprising Fischer-Tropsch derived fuel | |
EP2118243A1 (en) | Fuel composition for diesel engines | |
EP2370553B1 (en) | FUEL COMPOSITIONS containing tetrahydroquinoline | |
US20080110080A1 (en) | Method of formulating a fuel composition | |
US8926716B2 (en) | Method of formulating a fuel composition |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20100621 |
|
RD02 | Notification of acceptance of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7422 Effective date: 20100803 |
|
RD04 | Notification of resignation of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7424 Effective date: 20100825 |
|
RD03 | Notification of appointment of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7423 Effective date: 20120821 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20121005 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20121010 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20130110 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20130111 |
|
A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20130118 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20131031 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20131128 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Ref document number: 5426375 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
RD04 | Notification of resignation of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R3D04 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |