EP2732012A1 - Additivzusammensetzungen zur verbesserung der stabilität und motorleistung von dieselkraftstoffen - Google Patents

Additivzusammensetzungen zur verbesserung der stabilität und motorleistung von dieselkraftstoffen

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Publication number
EP2732012A1
EP2732012A1 EP12733721.0A EP12733721A EP2732012A1 EP 2732012 A1 EP2732012 A1 EP 2732012A1 EP 12733721 A EP12733721 A EP 12733721A EP 2732012 A1 EP2732012 A1 EP 2732012A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
additive
chosen
additives
agent
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Granted
Application number
EP12733721.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2732012B1 (de
Inventor
Frédéric Tort
Christian Vermorel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TotalEnergies Marketing Services SA
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Total Raffinage Marketing SA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L2250/00—Structural features of fuel components or fuel compositions, either in solid, liquid or gaseous state
    • C10L2250/04—Additive or component is a polymer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L2270/00—Specifically adapted fuels
    • C10L2270/02—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines
    • C10L2270/026—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines for diesel engines, e.g. automobiles, stationary, marine

Definitions

  • non-road diesel marketed via a specific distribution network and subject to taxation different from that of motor vehicles, is mandatory in France for
  • non-road mobile machinery such as • construction and public works equipment, including bulldozers, off-road trucks, tractor and loader excavators,
  • road diesel used as diesel fuel may contain 7 parts by volume of fatty acid esters, in general fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), essentially or exclusively of plant or animal origin. (esters of vegetable and / or animal oils, in particular methyl esters of vegetable oils or VOMEs).
  • FAMEs fatty acid methyl esters
  • Non-road diesel of standard quality (currently compliant with EN 590) sometimes poses problems in terms of:
  • the antioxidants incorporated in the EMAG are not always sufficient to stabilize the product and do not allow to fight against the action of metals (catalysts of oxidation and degradation phenomena). This instability of the fuel can lead to fouling phenomena of the filters and injection systems.
  • the present invention provides a high quality road or off-road diesel which has improved properties compared to the corresponding standard-quality road or off-road diesel (EN 590).
  • many of the properties of standard diesel are improved, and in particular the oxidation resistance, storage stability, thermal stability and engine performance (reduction of fouling of injectors; can also be improved: reduction of power loss; reduction of clogging tendency of filters. ...); cold holding (TLF and pour point).
  • the invention also relates to additive compositions capable of improving the properties of diesel, in particular non-road diesel such as oxidation resistance, storage stability, thermal stability, engine performance (reduction in clogging of the injectors); the cold behavior (TLF and pour point), the reduction of the power loss, the reduction of the clogging tendency of the filters .7) can also be improved.
  • non-road diesel such as oxidation resistance, storage stability, thermal stability, engine performance (reduction in clogging of the injectors); the cold behavior (TLF and pour point), the reduction of the power loss, the reduction of the clogging tendency of the filters .
  • This additive composition added to the fuel more particularly makes it possible to reduce the tendency of the injectors to become fouled by the fuel. Fouling injectors can lead to power losses but also a degradation of the combustion responsible for an increase in polluting emissions.
  • FIG. 1 represents the loss of power (in%) as a function of the duration (in hours) of an injector fouling test according to the procedure CEC DW10 referenced SG-F-098, on a composition of diesel fuel, GO reference gas oil and a composition Diesel fuel diesel fuel according to the present invention.
  • the metal passivator i) is chosen from triazole derivatives, alone or as a mixture, for example benzotriazole derivatives.
  • triazole derivatives means all the compounds comprising a triazole unit, that is to say a 5-membered aromatic ring unit, having two double bonds and 3 nitrogen atoms. Depending on the position of the nitrogen atoms, we distinguish the 1,2,3-triazole units (called V-thazoles) and the motifs 1,2,4-triazoles (termed S-triazoles).
  • V-thazoles 1,2,3-triazoles
  • S-triazoles motifs 1,2,4-triazoles
  • the metal passivator i) may be chosen from amines substituted with triazole groups, alone or as a mixture.
  • triazole group means any substituent containing a triazole unit as defined above.
  • the metal passivator (s) i) may, for example, be chosen from N, N-bis (2-ethylhexyl) -1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethanamine (CAS 91273-04-0) and N, N'-bis (2-ethylhexyl) -4-methyl-1H-benzotriazole amine (CAS80584-90-3), alone or in admixture and the passivators described on page 5 of US2006 / 0272597 cited as an example and the content of which is incorporated by reference.
  • the metal passivator is advantageously chosen from N, N-Bis (2-ethylhexyl) -1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethanamine (CAS 91273-04-0) and N, N ' -bis- (2-ethylhexyl) -4-methyl-1H-benzotriazole amine (CAS80584-90-3), alone or in admixture.
  • the additive composition may also contain one or more hydrocarbon organic solvents and optionally at least one compatibilizing agent or cosolvent.
  • the additive composition further comprises at least one hydrocarbon organic solvent and / or at least one compatibilizer or co-solvent.
  • the one or more metal deactivators or chelating agents a) may be chosen from amines substituted by ⁇ , ⁇ '-disalicylidene groups, such as ⁇ , ⁇ '-disalicylidene 1, 2-diaminopropane (DMD).
  • ⁇ , ⁇ '-disalicylidene groups such as ⁇ , ⁇ '-disalicylidene 1, 2-diaminopropane (DMD).
  • the antioxidant agent (s) b) may be chosen from molecules comprising at least one hindered phenol group (alkylphenols), alone or in mixed ;
  • examples of hindered phenol type antioxidants include 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methyl-phenol (BHT), t-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ), 2,6 and 2,4-tert-butyl phenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-t-butyl phenol, pyrogallol, tocopherol, 4,4'-methylene bis (2,6-di-t-butyl phenol) ) (CAS RN 1 18-82-1), alone or in mixture.
  • BHT 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methyl-phenol
  • TBHQ t-butyl hydroquinone
  • 2,6 and 2,4-tert-butyl phenol 2,4-dimethyl-6-t-butyl phenol
  • pyrogallol tocopherol
  • the dispersant (s) c) may for example be chosen from:
  • substituted amines such as N-polyisobutene-amine R 1 -NH 2 , N-polyisobutenethylenediamine R 1 -NH-R 2 -NH 2 , or also polysiobutenesuccinimides of formula
  • R 1 represents a polyisobutene group of molecular mass between 140 and 5000 and preferably between 500 and 2000 or, preferably, between 750 and 1250;
  • Polyethyleneamines are particularly effective. They are for example described in detail in the reference "Ethylene Amines” Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Kirk and Othmer, Vol. 5, pp. 898-905, Interscience Publishers, New York (1950). polyetheramines of formula
  • R is an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms
  • R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen, an alkyl chain of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or -O-CHR1 -CHR2-;
  • A is an amine or N-alkylamine with 1 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, a ⁇ , ⁇ -dialkylamine having 1 to 20 carbon atoms in each alkyl group, or a polyamine with 2 to 12 nitrogen atoms and from 2 to 40 carbon atoms.
  • Such polyetheramines are for example marketed by the companies BASF, HUNSTMAN or CHEVRON. the reaction products between a phenol substituted with a hydrocarbon chain, an aldehyde and an amine or polyamine or ammonia.
  • the alkyl group of the alkylated phenol may be from 10 to 10 carbon atoms. This alkyl group can be obtained by polymerization of olefinic monomer containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms (ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, isobutylene and 1 decene).
  • the polyolefins particularly used are polyisobutene and / or polypropylene.
  • the polyolefins generally have a weight average molecular weight Mw of between 140 and 5000 and preferably between 500 and 2000 or preferably between 750 and 1250.
  • the amine used may be an amine or a polyamine including alkanol amines having one or more hydroxy groups.
  • the amines used are generally chosen from ethanolamine, diethanolamines, methylamine, dimethylamine, ethylenediamine, dimethylaminopropylamine, diethylenetriamine and / or 2- (2-aminoethylamino) ethanol.
  • This dispersant can be prepared by a Mannich reaction by reacting an alkylphenol, an aldehyde and an amine as described in US Pat. No. 5,697,988. o
  • Other dispersants such as:
  • Carboxylic dispersants such as those described in US 3,219,666;
  • aminated dispersants resulting from the reaction between high molecular weight halogenated aliphatics with amines or polyamines, preferably polyalkylene polyamines, described for example in US Pat. No. 3,565,804;
  • the optional acid scavenger (s) may be chosen from aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic amines. In a preferred manner, dimethylcyclohexylamine is preferably used as acid neutralizer.
  • the cold-holding additive (s) e) may be chosen from pour point-improving additives (for point), additives improving the filterability limit temperature (TLF), additives improving the cloud point (cloud point). and / or anti-settling and / or dispersing paraffin additives.
  • additives improving the pour point and the filterability mention may be made of copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate (EVA) and / or copolymers of ethylene and propionate of vinyl (EVP).
  • EVA ethylene and vinyl acetate
  • EDP ethylene and propionate of vinyl
  • additives improving the TLF mention may be made of the polyfunctional cold operability additives chosen in particular from the group consisting of olefin and alkenyl nitrate-based polymers such as those described in EP 573. 490.
  • cloud point-improving additives mention may be made in a nonlimiting manner of the compounds chosen from the group consisting of long-chain olefin terpolymers / (meth) acrylic ester / maleimide ester and ester polymers. of fumaric / maleic acids.
  • the optional marker (s) f) may be chosen in particular from the following aliphatic or cycloaliphatic esters:
  • Alcohols such as linalool, the phényléthyliques alcohols,
  • Ketones such as crystallized camphor, ethyl maltol
  • compositions according to the invention may have several functionalities, typically marker and perfuming agent: a component may be both a marker and a perfuming agent.
  • the additive composition according to the invention comprises:
  • At least one dispersing agent and / or detergent preferably selected from PIBSI,
  • R1, R2, R3, which are identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen and hydrocarbon radicals comprising from 1 to 10 carbon atoms and optionally comprising one or more heteroatoms
  • Alcohols such as linalool, the phényléthyliques alcohols,
  • ketones such as crystallized camphor, ethylmaltol,
  • essential oils such as essential oil derived from citrus fruits
  • the additive composition according to the invention comprises:
  • ⁇ , ⁇ '-disalicylidene groups such as N, N'-disalicylidene-1, 2-diaminopropane (DMD)
  • At least one dispersing agent and / or detergent preferably selected from PIBSI,
  • At least one biocidal additive at least one biocidal additive, and / or
  • R1, R2, R3, which are identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen and hydrocarbon radicals comprising from 1 to 10 carbon atoms and optionally comprising one or more heteroatoms
  • Alcohols such as linalool, the phényléthyliques alcohols,
  • Ketones such as crystallized camphor, ethyl maltol
  • anti-oxidant agent s
  • hindered phenol alkylphenol
  • perfume agent s
  • odor masking s
  • re-odorant s
  • biocidal agent (s) h) from 0 to 20% by weight and preferably from 5 to 10% by weight and advantageously from 1 to 2% by mass of biocidal agent (s) h),
  • compatibilizing agent s
  • co-solvent s
  • the invention relates to a method for preparing the additive compositions as defined above, by mixing, preferably at ambient temperature, components a) to c), and optionally e) to i) said compositions and / or solvent (s) and / or compatibilizing agents, in one or more steps according to any suitable mixing means.
  • the process for preparing the additive compositions as defined above is carried out by mixing, preferably at ambient temperature, components a) to c) and compound i), and optionally e) h) said compositions and / or solvent (s) and / or compatibilizing agents, in one or more steps according to any suitable mixing means.
  • a major part of a mixture based on liquid hydrocarbons having distillation temperatures of between 150 and 380 ° C., preferably between 160 and 370 ° C., more preferably between 180 and 370 ° C.
  • These mixtures are generally derived from cuts of the middle distillery type, from refineries and / or agrofuels and / or biofuels and / or biomass and / or synthetic fuels, and in particular kerosene cuts in general rich in compounds. aromatic (benzene, ...)
  • Fuel is a fuel that supplies an internal combustion engine.
  • a diesel type liquid fuel is considered as a fuel that feeds a Diesel type engine.
  • the diesel type liquid fuel composition comprises at least 50% by weight of the liquid hydrocarbon mixture.
  • the product of renewable origin is chosen from esters of fatty acids, essentially or exclusively of animal or vegetable origin.
  • the fatty acid esters are advantageously fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), which are essentially or exclusively of plant or animal origin, for example esters of vegetable and / or animal oils, in particular methyl esters of vegetable oils or FAME.
  • FAMEs fatty acid methyl esters
  • the liquid fuel composition of the diesel road or non-road type according to the invention comprises from 100 to 2000 ppm, preferably from 250 to 1500 ppm, more preferably from 250 to 1000 ppm by weight of composition (s) of additives such as (s) as defined above.
  • any other additives are generally incorporated in amounts ranging from 50 to 1500 ppm by weight.
  • any other additives mention may be made, without limitation, of lubricant or anti-wear additives, combustion improvers, anti-foaming agents, anti-corrosion agents, detergents.
  • the invention relates to the use of the additive compositions as described above as an agent improving the storage stability, the oxidation resistance, the cold resistance and, more particularly, the engine performance. in particular the reduction of fouling (clogging and clogging) of diesel fuels, in particular non-road diesel fuels.
  • the invention also relates to the use of the liquid fuel compositions based on diesel fuel according to the invention as defined above as diesel fuel of higher quality, ie having stability properties. storage and vis-à-vis materials, resistance to oxidation, cold resistance and, more particularly, engine performance including a reduction of fouling (fouling and clogging) higher than that of a diesel road and off-road standard quality (which meets at least the specifications of EN 590).
  • the diesel fuel of higher quality according to the invention ie additive with at least one additive composition according to the invention, can be advantageously used as a fuel for the engines of non-road equipment listed in the Decree of 10/12/10, to know
  • TLF filterability limit temperature
  • each pure additive composition is placed in a frustoconical transparent glass flask which is left closed at a selected constant temperature; the composition tested is considered to be stable and homogeneous at the chosen temperature if it does not have, for more than 10 days, at said temperature, that is to say, a demixed liquid phase whose proportion is greater than 0.5% of its volume, either sediment or solid deposit greater than 0.05% of its volume. Stability tests were carried out at two different temperatures:
  • Injector fouling tests according to the XUD9 procedure were carried out on 5 non-road diesel compositions B7 additive with the compositions F1 to F5 of Example 1 respectively as well as on the same virgin non-road B7 diesel evaluated at the beginning and at the end of the series so as to frame the results and check the stability of the engine.
  • the objective of this test is to evaluate the performance of fuels and / or additive compositions with respect to the fouling of injectors on a Peugeot XUD9 A / L four-cylinder engine with indirect diesel injection.
  • a Peugeot XUD9 A / L engine with four cylinders and indirect injection diesel equipped with clean injectors whose flow was previously determined.
  • the engine follows a determined test cycle for 10 hours and 3 minutes (repetition of the same cycle 134 times).
  • the injector flow is again evaluated.
  • the quantity of fuel required for the test is 45 L.
  • the loss of flow is measured on the four injectors.
  • the results are expressed as percentage loss of flow for different needle lifts.
  • the fouling values are usually compared to 0.1 mm needle lift because they are more discriminating and more precise and repeatable (repeatability ⁇ 5%).
  • Non-road diesel fuel containing 7% (vol / vol) or (v / v) EMAG and meeting the tested blank EN590 standard has a fouling level of around 70% (72% at baseline and 70% at baseline). 4% at the end of the series). All the additive compositions tested have a level of fouling ranging from 60.7 to 70.5%, which is equivalent to or lower than that of the virgin B7 non-road diesel test. The best cases measured have a gain greater than or equal to 10%. It can be seen that the compositions F1, F3, F4 and F5 have a more favorable effect for limiting the fouling of the XUD9 injectors.
  • non-road diesel additives with the compositions F1 to F5 have a variation in gum content and a variation in acid number limited compared to the non-additive gas oil.
  • Formulations F3 and F5 are the most effective for limiting the formation of gums (Table 7).
  • the variation of the acid number it is found that the F1 and F3 compositions are the most effective for limiting the evolution of the acidity (Table 8).
  • a zinc or copper metal plate is contacted with 100 mL of the fuel in a 125 mL glass vial; the metal blade is completely immersed for 7 days at room temperature (about 20 ° C).
  • the metal surface in contact with the fuel is 10 cm 2 . After this period of contact, the copper or zinc metals that are present in the fuel are metered. The results are shown in Table 9 below.
  • GOM B7 tested GOM EN 590 having undergone soaking of a Cu blade and a Zn slide for 7 days at 20 ° C.
  • compositions F2; F3 and F5 are the most effective in limiting the solution transition of copper and zinc.
  • Oxidation stability tests according to the Rancimat method are carried out on the fuel compositions previously put in contact with metals such as zinc or copper as described in example 4.
  • the results obtained according to the method Rancimat show a degradation of the stability of GOM B7 compared to the stability tests on fuels that were not contacted with the metals of Example 3.
  • the composition F3 makes it possible to improve the TLF with a gain of 4 to 15 ° C. at the additivation level of 1000 ppm vol./vol.
  • Example 7 Evaluation of the effect of the composition F3 on diesel injector fouling (direct injection) according to the procedure CEC DW10 SG-F-098
  • Tests of fouling of injectors according to the procedure CEC DW10 referenced SG-F-098 were carried out on a composition of diesel fuel B7 answering at least the specification EN 590, additive with the composition F3 of example 1, noted d , as well as on the same composition of diesel B7 blank, noted Go, evaluated at the beginning and end of the series so as to frame the results and check the stability of the engine.
  • the test uses a DW10BTED4 engine developed by PSA Ford Citro ⁇ n, with a displacement of 1998 cm 3 , with diesel direct injection, compliant with Euro 4 emission standards if the vehicle is equipped with a particulate filter.
  • Table 1 1 summarizes the main characteristics of the motor:
  • the test evaluates the power loss of the motor after 32 hours of walking. Low power loss indicates low fouling.
  • the additive composition will therefore be judged by its non-fouling nature and its ability to prevent deposits when it is introduced into the fuel in the presence of zinc.
  • the value of the power is measured on the twelfth step (4000tr / min full load).
  • the result of the test is the loss of power measured on this point between the end of the test (linear average of the last 5 measurements) and the beginning of the test (linear average of the first 5 measurements).
  • FIG. 1 shows the fouling obtained for the reference fuel Go + 1 ppm Zn and for the fuel according to the invention d + 1 ppm Zn.
  • the gas oil composition d according to the invention therefore has a non-fouling character.
  • the additive composition F3 is remarkable in that it has a strong ability to prevent deposits when it is introduced into a diesel fuel in the presence of zinc.

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EP12733721.0A 2011-07-12 2012-07-11 Zusammensetzungen dieselkraftstoffs-haltbarkeit und -motorleistung verbessernder additive. Active EP2732012B1 (de)

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BR112014000610A2 (pt) 2017-04-18
US20180334627A1 (en) 2018-11-22
EA201490007A1 (ru) 2014-04-30
HUE028303T2 (en) 2016-12-28
EA030229B1 (ru) 2018-07-31
DK2732012T3 (en) 2016-01-25
IN2014DN00248A (de) 2015-06-05
WO2013007738A1 (fr) 2013-01-17
DK2732012T5 (da) 2016-02-29
US10538714B2 (en) 2020-01-21
CN103797098B (zh) 2016-01-20
FR2977895B1 (fr) 2015-04-10
US20140157655A1 (en) 2014-06-12
FR2977895A1 (fr) 2013-01-18
CN103797098A (zh) 2014-05-14
CA2841174C (fr) 2020-07-07
JP2014522898A (ja) 2014-09-08
ZA201309641B (en) 2016-03-30
US10081773B2 (en) 2018-09-25
EP2732012B1 (de) 2015-12-09
AR087128A1 (es) 2014-02-12
CA2841174A1 (fr) 2013-01-17
JP6067695B2 (ja) 2017-01-25

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