EP2722443B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung für den Verbau tiefer Gräben - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung für den Verbau tiefer Gräben Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2722443B1
EP2722443B1 EP12188684.0A EP12188684A EP2722443B1 EP 2722443 B1 EP2722443 B1 EP 2722443B1 EP 12188684 A EP12188684 A EP 12188684A EP 2722443 B1 EP2722443 B1 EP 2722443B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shoring
linear guides
trench
supports
linear
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP12188684.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2722443A1 (de
Inventor
Wilhelm Hess
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Hess Wilhelm
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Individual
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Priority to PL12188684T priority Critical patent/PL2722443T3/pl
Priority to EP12188684.0A priority patent/EP2722443B1/de
Priority to ES12188684.0T priority patent/ES2552532T3/es
Publication of EP2722443A1 publication Critical patent/EP2722443A1/de
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Publication of EP2722443B1 publication Critical patent/EP2722443B1/de
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/06—Foundation trenches ditches or narrow shafts
    • E02D17/08—Bordering or stiffening the sides of ditches trenches or narrow shafts for foundations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for the construction of deeper trenches according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the vertically extending linear guides for the spreading devices are arranged in pairs of mutually opposing supports which are inserted into the trench.
  • One or more Sp Gillrahmen run between the two supports of a pair of supports.
  • lining panels are fastened between two successive columns. In practice, on each trench side, the first vertical edge of a lining panel is held by a front pillar, and the second vertical edge of the lining panel is held by a rear pillar.
  • the linear guides are integrated into the sheathing plates.
  • a support 2 is first stored with a carriage 7 on the best possible level terrain.
  • a suitable Hoist for example, the boom 10 of a backhoe
  • the second support 2 is raised with attached carriage 7 and Sp Dr Dahlen 8 and positioned over the first support 2.
  • the lower fittings are attached, so that the rigid expansion frame 3 is closed and the support frame 1 is completed.
  • the boom 10 of the backhoe 11 lifts the support frame 1, so that the two supports 2 are vertical and parallel to each other (see Fig. 4 ).
  • the support frame 1 is used in this orientation in a pre-stroke for the shoring field.
  • the advance was previously mounted with a backhoe 11.
  • the pre-excavation must be carried out to a depth of 1 m to 1.5 m.
  • the first support frame 1 is used, as the Fig. 4 shows.
  • the outer Verbauplatten 4 are used in the carrier profile of the supports 2. This process is in the FIGS. 5 and 6 shown.
  • a large-scale shoring plate 4 made of steel is raised with an excavator boom and moved with an edge in the vicinity of the profile of one of the supports 2.
  • Fig. 8 can recognize the supports 2 on the two sides, which lie in the trench longitudinal direction front and rear, receiving channels 12, in which the edges of the lining panels can be inserted 4.5.
  • the edge of the outer Verbauplatte 4 is, as in Fig. 6 shown pivoted into a receiving channel 12 of the support 2.
  • a second support frame 1 is raised by the boom 10 of an excavator and lowered at the other end of the shoring 4, so that in the sheathing plates 4 facing receiving channels 12, the edges of the shoring 4 are performed.
  • the receiving channels 12 form the fastening devices, which hold the outer Verbauplatten 4 between two trench longitudinally consecutive supports 2 on one side of the trench.
  • the excavator lifts the soil between the shoring plates 4 and the supports 2 and pushes these components one after the other into the excavated trench.
  • 30 - 40 cm of the soil below the plate edges or the supports are dug.
  • the supports 2, the Verbauplatten 4 and the Sp Schwarzrahmen 3 are alternately pushed, these components are moved in the vertical direction.
  • inner Verbauplatten 5 are used. As in Fig. 8 shown, the inner Verbauplatten 5 are pivoted into the receiving channel 12 of the supports 2 above the outer Verbauplatten 4 and then lowered parallel to the outer Verbauplatten 4 in the trench. In a further excavation of the trench, the inner Verbauplatten 5 are lowered, the outer Verbauplatten 4, the in Fig. 9 preserve recognizable position in the upper area of the ditch.
  • the outer shoring panels 4 and the inner shoring panels 5 may, for example, be divided into two in order to be able to realize different trench heights.
  • the Verbauplattenmaschine can be placed on each other and connected by fasteners firmly together.
  • the overall height of the inner Verbauplatte 5 and the outer Verbauplatte 4 of the shoring device shown is usually not more than 5 m, otherwise the force acting on the components compressive forces, frictional forces and torsional forces are too large. Most of the height of consisting of two plate parts outer shoring 4 and inner sheathing plates 5 in the order of 4 m.
  • the length of the support 2 is about 8 m. Accordingly, the greatest depth of a trench, which can be supported with the shoring device shown, usually at 8 m to at most 10 m.
  • the Fig. 10 shows in a detailed sectional view again the cooperating parts of the shoring device on the example of a left support 2 of a support frame.
  • the supports 2 consist of an at least partially closed box hollow profile.
  • the two front and rear lying in the trench longitudinal direction of the support 2 each have a receiving channel 12, in which the edges of outer sheathing plates 4 and the trench interior staggered, inner shoring plates 5 are performed.
  • a large open receiving channel 12 on each side of the support 2 supports are also known, each having a stepped receiving channel on each side or the two mutually parallel receiving channels on each side to guide the outer and inner Verbauplatte at the edge.
  • rollers 16 are arranged on the carriage, which are rotatable about horizontal axes 17 and roll on the trench interior facing surface lateral support flanges 18 of the support 2.
  • these shoring devices are usually installed at the same time with two mutually displaceable individual supports on each side of the trench. This means that both individual supports are placed on the soil and pressed into the ground after digging a certain depth of the trench. In the case of DE 23 02 053 B2 leads to this that the shoring device is not installable.
  • the installation proposal shown here with downwardly projecting inner supports causes the trapped behind the inner columns and / or shoring plates soil is compressed by the impressions of the outer columns and / or shoring plates and blocks the outer columns.
  • the outer support Since the inner and outer supports are applied at the same time in these known shoring devices, the outer support must not only displace the ground lying below its cross-section, but also the ground lying below the inner support to the trench interior when pressed into the ground. This means that very high forces are required to push the props into the ground. Due to the required cutting of soil of double column width, the forces are so high that they either overload the column material or can not be provided by conventional construction equipment.
  • a shoring device which has a first pair of braces and a second pair of braces.
  • the supports of the second pair abut against the inner sides of the supports of the first pair and are linearly guided on them.
  • At the supports of the first pair of supports the edges of upper and outer Verbauplatten are guided displaceably.
  • At the supports of the second pair of supports the edges of the lower and inner Verbauplatten are guided displaceably.
  • the upper outer supports of the first pair are above the lower inner ones Supporting the second pair of a spreading strut - in the DE 32 43 122 A1 Cross strut called - kept at a distance.
  • Two cross braces between the lower inner supports keep the inner supports at a distance and press against the outer supports.
  • the support frame formed solely by the outer supports is unstable.
  • the upper outer supports of the first outer shoring device are inserted into the trench only together with the lower inner supports of the second inner shoring device.
  • this insertion of the outer and inner supports must be done in pairs, so that very high weights must be lifted and moved.
  • the lower post must be shorter than the upper one in order to be able to be inserted below the expansion strut between the supports of the upper pair of posts.
  • the second linear guide pair of the inner shoring device is lowered and a spreading device is inserted above the inner shoring device between the first linear guide pair of the first shoring device.
  • This spreading device takes over again the loads that act on the Verbauplatten the first outer shoring.
  • the second inner shoring device can be further lowered, substantially until its upper edge is at the level of the lower edge of the first outer shoring device.
  • This installation method has the significant advantage that the second inner shoring device can be installed just as easily as the first outer shoring device. Only when the first outer shoring device is completely installed in the upper trench section does the installation of the second inner shoring device begin in the lower trench section.
  • the disadvantage is that the installation of the inner Verbauvortechnisch in the already fully installed outer Verbauvoroplasty is somewhat time consuming.
  • An object of the invention is to develop a method for shoring deeper trenches with mutually displaceable linear guides for the spreading devices such that without additional problems or higher loads a faster installation and removal is possible.
  • the inventive method allows assembly of the entire assembly consisting of the first outer shoring device and the second inner shoring device before the assembly is installed in the trench.
  • their linear guides protrude down beyond the inner linear guides, so that only the soil located below the outer linear guides must be cut from the cutting edge at the end of the linear guides and pressed into the trench interior.
  • the soil under the inner linear guide can be removed by means of a bucket.
  • a shoring device can be used, in the production of which the linear guides are permanently attached to the edges of the shoring plates.
  • the linear guides according to a second embodiment Be arranged supports on which the edges of the shoring plates can be releasably secured.
  • the device comprises at least a first releasable fastening device for fastening the second linear guide on the first linear guide such that the lower end of the second linear guide is located at a distance above the nearest lower end of the first linear guides.
  • the first attachment device may be at least one removable locking member connecting the first linear guide with the second linear guide adjacent thereto.
  • the blocking member can be a bolt which projects through aligned holes or bores of the linear guides fixed to one another.
  • the inner, second Verbauplatten must not be mounted on the inner linear guide in the installation of the outer shoring. If the linear guides are supports to which the shoring panels can be releasably secured, it may be useful to attach only the inner supports to the outer supports, but insert the inner shoring panels only after installation of a Verbieldeldes the first and outer shoring.
  • At least one second fastening device can be provided, which fixes the second inner lining panels connected to the second, inner linear guides with respect to the first outer covering panels such that their lower ends are at a distance above the nearest lower ends of the first linear guides connected outer Verbauplatten.
  • This second fastening device can simply be a rigidly provided in the support stop for the displacement of the shoring plate to ensure that the second inner Verbauplatte does not slip out of the second inner support.
  • the linear guides can be permanently attached, preferably welded, to the edges of the shoring panels.
  • the first fastening device for the second linear guides which are fastened to the inside of the first outer linear guides, the inner second lining plate is also held at the predetermined height above the outer first mounting plates.
  • the distance between the lower end of the outer and inner linear guides and / or the lower end of the outer and inner Verbauplatten may be at least 30 cm in practice. This at least sufficient clearance is achieved, which allows the cutting edge at the bottom of the outer support and / or shoring plate to push the earth below the support and / or shoring plate in the interior of the trench.
  • the distance can also be 50 cm to 150 cm. At this greater distance, it is possible to excavate the soil under the lower end of the inner second linear guide and / or shoring plate with an excavator bucket at least partially, so that the outer support and / or shoring plate can be pressed into the ground more easily.
  • a Verbaufeld a Verbauvorraum consists of four supports, at least two rigid expansion devices, in particular Sp Dahlhornen, and at least two Verbauplatten.
  • the four supports have on their inner sides, the linear guides for the Sp Schwarzrahmen and are combined into two pairs of supports, between each of which a Sp Dahlrahmen is guided. At the supports the edges of Verbauplatten are slidably mounted.
  • the FIGS. 23 to 26 show an embodiment of the invention without separate supports.
  • the linear guides are welded directly to the edges of the shoring panels.
  • FIGS. 11 to 17 show the erfindungsmä field construction of a deep trench by means of two Verbauvorraumen similar to the shoring, the above with respect to the FIGS. 1 to 10 has been described.
  • the 11 to 17 only two oppositely arranged support frame 1 in front view in a viewing direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the trench.
  • the shoring plates, which laterally delimit the shingles defined by the support frames, are only in Fig. 17 provided with reference numerals.
  • the two inner supports 2 'with the rigid spreading device form an inner support frame 1', which receives all forces acting on the outer sheathing panels 4, 5 of the outer shoring device.
  • the inner supports 2 'no Verbauplatten be fixed during installation of the outer Verbauvorraum. But it is possible to attach the inner Verbauplatten 4 ', 5' attached. This increases the force acting on the outer supports 2 and their sheathing plates 4.5 weight and can speed up installation.
  • An excavator bucket can thus also remove soil under the lower ends of the inner supports 2 '.
  • the outer supports 2 are easier to press in the trench, because the width of the earth strip, which must be separated from the provided at the lower end of the outer supports 2 cutting edge is smaller.
  • the inner supports are preferably secured to the outer supports with locking members, for example bolts or screws. This will be further down in terms of the Figures 19 and 20 explained in more detail.
  • the locking members can be removed and the inner support frame is lowered to the bottom of the trench ( Fig. 14 ) until the lower ends of the inner pillars 2 'stand up on the bottom of the trench.
  • Fig. 14 shows the continuation of the Verbauvons to achieve particularly large trench depths.
  • a panel of the second inner shoring device which consists of two inner support frame 1 'and arranged therebetween outer and inner sheathing plates 4', 5 ', can now be lowered with continuous further excavation of the trench (see 15 to 17 ).
  • the lateral pressure loads of the soil are further absorbed by the displaceable Sp Schwarzrahmen 3 'between the inner supports 2'.
  • another Sp can be inserted from above between the outer supports 2 (see Fig. 16 ).
  • the Sp Schwarzrahmen 3 can be spread to take over the loads, as in the above WO 2007 / 122255A2 described.
  • the Fig. 17 shows the shoring device according to the invention in its installed state.
  • the outer Verbauplatten 4 between the upper supports 2 and 4 'between the lower supports 2' are shown.
  • the inner Verbauplatten 5 can be seen in the receiving channels of the upper supports 2 and the inner Verbauplatten 5 'in the receiving channels of the lower supports 2'.
  • the forces acting laterally on the shoring panels 4 ', 5' of the lower shoring device are not significantly higher than the forces acting on the shoring panels 4, 5 of the upper shoring device.
  • the panel of the outer shoring and the sheave of the inner shoring have the same length.
  • a plurality of outer and inner shoring devices can be joined one behind the other in the trench longitudinal direction without any transition.
  • the Fig. 18 shows the columns on the left side of the in Fig. 17 shown trench in the view x - x.
  • Fig. 18 It can be seen that in the guide channel 13 'of the inner support 2', the guide rail 14 'of the carriage 3' is added. In contrast, in the guide channel 13 of the outer support 2 engages a corresponding guide rail 14 "on the outside of the inner support 2 'and ensures that the inner support 2' during installation can not tip over in trench longitudinal direction or trench transverse direction. on the outer sides of the inner supports 2 ', other connecting means such as screws or straps can be used to attach the outer support 2 to the inner support 2'.
  • the Fig. 19 shows diagrammatically the items of a double support frame consisting of the inner support frame, which is composed of two inner supports 2 'and a Sp Dahlrahmen.
  • the Sp Dahlrahmen has in this illustration, two carriages 7 and two Sp Dahlrohre 8 and thus corresponds again to the Sp Schwarzrahmen 3 from Fig. 1 to 9 ,
  • the outer supports 2 are arranged offset to the inner supports 2 ', so that the lower ends 19 of the outer supports 2 below the lower ends of the inner supports 2 'lie. In this position, the outer supports 2 and the inner supports 2 'are fixed by bolts 21.
  • the bolt 21 forms a releasable locking member, which defines the inner supports 2 'at a predetermined height on the outer support 2.
  • Fig. 20 shows the left inner and outer support with a carriage 7 and located slightly above the carriage 7 bolt 21 insulated in Fig. 20 shown.
  • Fig. 21 shows the bolt connection.
  • the bolt 21 protrudes through aligned openings in the inner support 2 'and the outer support. 2
  • each of the double support frames consists of two outer supports 2 and two inner supports 2 'connected together so that the lower ends 19 of the outer supports protrude downwardly by, for example, 50 cm. Between the two inner supports 2 'of each double support frame a Sp Schwarzen 3 is arranged. As described above, the edges of Verbauplatten 5 are inserted into receiving channels of the outer supports 2. In a further installation of the shoring are above the in Fig. 19 recognizable lower Verbauplatten 5 upper Verbauplatten 4 (s. Fig. 17 ) arranged.
  • the supports 1,1 ', 2,2' with the linear guides 13,13 ', 14,14' of the lining panels 4,4 ', 5,5' are separable, are in the in the FIGS. 23-26 illustrated embodiment, the supports firmly connected to the Verbauplatten or integrated into this.
  • the supports are arranged on the lateral edges of the shoring plates and are referred to in this embodiment as a vertical rail, which form the linear guides for the expansion frame.
  • the method according to the invention is functional not only with edge-supported shoring devices but also with center-supported shoring panels suitable for shallow trench shoring.
  • Fig. 23 is a perspective view of a single Verbaufeld, also called Verbaubox, consisting of two edge-supported outer Verbauplatten 28 shown, where inner Verbauplatten 28 'are attached.
  • the inner sheathing plates 28 ' are secured to the outer shoring plates by at least one suitable locking member (eg a bolt as in FIG Fig. 21 shown).
  • Each of the lining panels 28 and 28 ' has guide channels 29 and 29' in the region of its two vertical edges.
  • the guide channels 29 and 29 ' are formed in edge profiles of the lining panels 28 and 28' and can guide elements biegestifer Sp Schwarzrahmen 30 or 30 'record, which are guided displaceably in the vertical direction.
  • Fig. 24 shown are at the beginning of installation only expansion frame 30 'the vertical edges of the inner Verbauplatten 28' arranged and the outer Verbauplatten 28 are supported against the inner Verbauplatten 28 'from.
  • a shoring device is placed on the ground at the location where the trench is to be excavated, and then lowered during the continuous dredging in the excavated trench.
  • Fig. 25 shows the junction box at the end of this installation process.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
EP12188684.0A 2012-10-16 2012-10-16 Verfahren und Vorrichtung für den Verbau tiefer Gräben Active EP2722443B1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL12188684T PL2722443T3 (pl) 2012-10-16 2012-10-16 Sposób i urządzenie do rozparcia i deskowania ścian głębokich wykopów
EP12188684.0A EP2722443B1 (de) 2012-10-16 2012-10-16 Verfahren und Vorrichtung für den Verbau tiefer Gräben
ES12188684.0T ES2552532T3 (es) 2012-10-16 2012-10-16 Procedimiento y dispositivo de construcción de zanjas profundas

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12188684.0A EP2722443B1 (de) 2012-10-16 2012-10-16 Verfahren und Vorrichtung für den Verbau tiefer Gräben

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2722443A1 EP2722443A1 (de) 2014-04-23
EP2722443B1 true EP2722443B1 (de) 2015-09-02

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EP12188684.0A Active EP2722443B1 (de) 2012-10-16 2012-10-16 Verfahren und Vorrichtung für den Verbau tiefer Gräben

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EP (1) EP2722443B1 (es)
ES (1) ES2552532T3 (es)
PL (1) PL2722443T3 (es)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202015105797U1 (de) 2015-10-30 2015-11-13 Theo Heitkamp Verbauvorrichtung mit großflächigen Verbauplatten

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2018372817B2 (en) * 2017-11-22 2020-07-30 National Trench Safety, Llc Excavation support system and methods for installing same

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2302053C3 (de) * 1973-01-17 1979-03-15 Josef 5138 Heinsberg Krings Verbauvorrichtung für einen Leitungsgraben o.dgl. mit abgestuftem Querschnitt
FR2222867A5 (en) 1973-03-22 1974-10-18 Koehl Ets Prefabricated panel trench supports - are slotted into intermediate grooved uprights with telescopic braces
FR2333901A1 (fr) 1975-12-01 1977-07-01 Koehl Jean Blindage de tranchee telescopique a etages multiples
DE3243122C2 (de) 1982-11-22 1994-12-01 Kotex Ind Handel Gmbh Verbauvorrichtung zum Abstützen der Wände eines Grabens mit abgestuftem Querschnitt
DE19753561A1 (de) * 1997-12-03 1999-06-10 Emunds & Staudinger Gmbh & Co Verbauvorrichtung
US7972085B2 (en) 2006-04-26 2011-07-05 Wilhelm Hess Method and device for shoring trenches

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202015105797U1 (de) 2015-10-30 2015-11-13 Theo Heitkamp Verbauvorrichtung mit großflächigen Verbauplatten

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL2722443T3 (pl) 2016-01-29
ES2552532T3 (es) 2015-11-30
EP2722443A1 (de) 2014-04-23

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