EP2687784B1 - Système doté d'un dispositif de gaz d'échappement et procédé de fonctionnement d'un tel système - Google Patents

Système doté d'un dispositif de gaz d'échappement et procédé de fonctionnement d'un tel système Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2687784B1
EP2687784B1 EP12005270.9A EP12005270A EP2687784B1 EP 2687784 B1 EP2687784 B1 EP 2687784B1 EP 12005270 A EP12005270 A EP 12005270A EP 2687784 B1 EP2687784 B1 EP 2687784B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exhaust
air flow
pressure
exhaust pipe
monitor
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Active
Application number
EP12005270.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2687784A1 (fr
Inventor
Dario Quadroni
Urs Forster
Marcel Weber
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Condair Group AG
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Condair Group AG
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Publication date
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Priority to PL12005270T priority Critical patent/PL2687784T3/pl
Priority to EP12005270.9A priority patent/EP2687784B1/fr
Publication of EP2687784A1 publication Critical patent/EP2687784A1/fr
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Publication of EP2687784B1 publication Critical patent/EP2687784B1/fr
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J11/00Devices for conducting smoke or fumes, e.g. flues 
    • F23J11/12Smoke conduit systems for factories or large buildings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23NREGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/06Regulating fuel supply conjointly with draught
    • F23N1/062Regulating fuel supply conjointly with draught using electronic means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23NREGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N3/00Regulating air supply or draught
    • F23N3/02Regulating draught by direct pressure operation of single valves or dampers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system with a furnace, a ventilation system and an exhaust device and a method for operating such a system according to the preamble of the independent claims.
  • a heat generator Under a furnace, a heat generator is provided with a burner, such as a burner. a hot water system, an oil and / or gas-fired furnace, a gas-operated steam humidifier or the like understood.
  • gas-fired steam humidifiers natural gas is used for steam production e.g. used for humidification in rooms of buildings.
  • the natural gas is burned in a burner of the steam humidifier.
  • the combustion gases are then passed through a heat exchanger of the steam humidifier, so that they heat the water surrounding the heat exchanger, which leads to the generation of steam.
  • a gas-operated steam humidifier is, for example, the Condair GS product from Condair AG (see http://www.waltermeier.com/international/sky/en/product_e_1/dampfbefeuchtung.html).
  • an exhaust device for a firing system in particular a gas-operated steam humidifier, which can be integrated into an existing building without great constructional effort, so that exhaust gas from the firing system can be dissipated in a simple way. It is a particular object of the invention to provide a system with an exhaust device for a firing system, by means of the exhaust gas of the firing system in a permissible manner in an exhaust duct of a room ventilation system of the system initiate and can dissipate through this to the outside.
  • the term "in a permissible manner” refers to the fulfillment of technical safety regulations, as prescribed in particular by state laws and regulations, compliance with which, for example, the Technical Inspection Association (TÜV) and the German Association of Gas and Water (DVGW) and is checked by these and by chimney sweeps.
  • TÜV Technical Inspection Association
  • DVGW German Association of Gas and Water
  • the technical rules DVGW G 631 called.
  • exhaust air duct is understood to mean the air flowing out of the rooms of a building by means of the air conditioning system / extracted and conveyed into the open air.
  • exhaust air includes the air flowing out of the rooms / extracted air before and after one (or more) provided in the exhaust duct of the ventilation system fan.
  • a throttle valve is arranged, which serves to adjust the pressure working range of the furnace. Upstream of the throttle valve in the exhaust pipe, a draft limiter is arranged, which serves to stabilize the pressure in the exhaust pipe.
  • the exhaust device of the system comprises an air flow monitor arranged in the continuous duct of the air conditioning system, by means of which the air flow velocity prevailing in the exhaust air duct can be determined and the gas-operated steam humidifier can be controlled as a function of the determined air flow speed.
  • Terms such as “upstream” and “downstream” refer to the operation of the inventive exhaust device.
  • the term “pressure” includes negative pressure.
  • the firing system can be, for example, a gas-operated steam humidifier.
  • the air flow monitor preferably comprises an air flow sensor for determining the air flow speed and a drive unit for the furnace, for example in the form of a switch for switching on and off the furnace or its power supply.
  • the airflow monitor compares the determined airflow velocity with a predetermined airflow velocity limit set on or deposited in the airflow monitor.
  • the air flow monitor for example, the air flow monitor INT55 of Kriwan Industrie-Elektronik GmbH can be used.
  • the airflow monitor need not be connected to the exhaust pipe, but is preferably provided separately from it.
  • the throttle valve By means of the throttle valve, the working range of the furnace is set. The more the throttle is brought to a closed position, i. the more it closes off the exhaust pipe, the more the negative pressure in the exhaust pipe resulting from the exhaust air flow decreases. At the same time, the throttle valve position influences the overpressure created by the combustion process taking place at the burner of the combustion system. The further the throttle valve is closed, the greater the effect of the overpressure of the burner.
  • the throttle valve is located in the exhaust pipe preferably as close as structurally possible at that open end of the exhaust pipe, which is / is introduced into the exhaust air duct.
  • the throttle valve is provided in the introduced into the exhaust duct / to be introduced portion of the exhaust pipe.
  • the setting of the throttle valve is made and fixed, in particular sealed, prior to commissioning of the inventive exhaust device or the inventive system depending on the structure of the system and the rated power of the furnace.
  • the draft limiter is used to stabilize the pressure in the exhaust pipe.
  • the draft regulator ensures stable pressure conditions at the firing system.
  • a draft limiter for example, a commercial draft limiter of the company Kutzner + Weber can be used.
  • the exhaust device of the system comprises a differential pressure switch which is arranged upstream of the draft limiter on or in the exhaust pipe.
  • the differential pressure monitor preferably comprises a differential pressure sensor for determining the pressure and a drive unit for the furnace, which is designed, for example, as a switch for switching on and off the furnace or its power supply.
  • the differential pressure monitor preferably compares the determined pressure with one or more predetermined pressure limit values which are set or stored in the differential pressure monitor.
  • a differential pressure monitor for example, a commercial differential pressure monitor of the company Condair AG or the company Karl Dungs GmbH & Co. KG can be used. Since the differential pressure monitor monitors the pressure in the exhaust pipe, it does not necessarily have to be pressure-tight.
  • an exhaust gas distribution unit is preferably provided, which may also include that this end of the exhaust pipe is designed as Abgasverteiltician.
  • the Abgasverteiltician is preferably designed as a tube which extends transversely to the direction of exhaust air flow direction and having a plurality of openings for the exit of the exhaust gas of the furnace in the exhaust air duct.
  • the openings in this case point in the direction of the exhaust air flow, so that the exhaust gas inlet takes place in the exhaust air flow in the flow direction and in this way back pressures and inflow of the exhaust air can be avoided in the exhaust pipe.
  • the openings are uniformly distributed over the length of the Abgasverteiltician to allow a uniform in the transverse direction of the exhaust air duct discharge of the exhaust gas.
  • the inventive system comprises a furnace, a ventilation system and an exhaust device.
  • the one open end of the exhaust pipe is attached to an exhaust port of the furnace.
  • the other open end of the exhaust pipe is introduced upstream of one (or more) provided in an exhaust duct of the air conditioning system fan in the continuous channel of the ventilation system.
  • This open end of the exhaust pipe optionally with Abgasverteilä upstream of the fan or is to ensure that at the outlet of the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe during operation of the air conditioning system always there is a negative pressure.
  • the firing system and the exhaust air duct of the ventilation and air conditioning systems are preferably located in the same room of a building.
  • the air velocity in the exhaust air duct of the ventilation and air-conditioning system is determined by means of the airflow monitor.
  • the determined value of the air flow velocity is compared by means of the air flow monitor with the predetermined air flow velocity limit. If the determined airflow velocity value is below the airflow velocity limit, the airflow monitor will shut off the furnace or its power supply.
  • the specified airflow velocity limit value results from safety regulations, eg for the protection of the environment, in particular in accordance with DVGW G 631. To ensure sufficient dilution of the exhaust gas in the exhaust air of the exhaust air duct before the exhaust air is blown into the atmosphere with the exhaust gas , this preset air flow velocity limit must not be exceeded. As already stated, its falling below for safety reasons leads to the shutdown of the furnace.
  • the air flow velocity limit value (also called the minimum air flow rate) for the exhaust air duct is in particular 50 m 3 / h per kW rated output of the combustion plant. Furthermore, after the initiation of the Be exhaust gas in the exhaust duct in the exhaust duct duct a dilution distance of at least 1 m to be provided.
  • a differential pressure switch is provided and it is determined by means of this prevailing in the exhaust line pressure and compared with a predetermined upper pressure value and preferably also with a predetermined lower pressure limit. If the determined pressure value exceeds the upper pressure limit, then the furnace or its power supply is switched off with the aid of the differential pressure switch. Accordingly, the combustion system or its power supply is switched off or kept in an off state when falling below the lower pressure limit, so that switching on the furnace by the differential pressure monitor is prevented until the determined pressure above the lower pressure limit (and below the upper pressure limit) lies.
  • the differential pressure switch used in particular fulfills the requirements of the standard EN 1854.
  • the upper (lower) pressure limit is in particular at -20 Pa.
  • the upper pressure limit applies to the switched-on state of the gas-operated steam humidifier.
  • the lower (lower) pressure limit is in particular at -80 Pa.
  • the lower pressure limit applies to the off state, e.g. when the gas-powered steam humidifier is in standby mode.
  • the firing system is switched off by the differential pressure switch. If, in contrast, the pressure falls below the lower pressure limit value in the exhaust gas line, this can happen when the firing system is switched on As a result, the flame is drawn from its burner in the exhaust pipe. To prevent this, the differential pressure switch in this case prevents switching on the firing system. Maintaining the upper pressure limit for the furnace and the lower pressure limit for the deactivated combustion system will allow optimal combustion in the furnace.
  • Turning off the furnace or its power supply is also referred to as locking the furnace.
  • the flue gas of the combustion plant is discharged in a simple and safety-permissible manner via the exhaust air duct of the ventilation and air-conditioning system.
  • FIG. 1 shows a system 1 according to the invention with a firing system by way of example in the form of a gas-operated steam humidifier 2 and with a ventilation system, of which the exhaust air duct 3 is shown.
  • a fan 4 is provided for conveying the exhaust air to the outside.
  • the exhaust air duct 3 and several fans can be provided.
  • a steam line 5 connected to the gas-operated steam humidifier 2 the steam generated in the steam humidifier 2 flows via a steam air distribution unit 9 into a supply air duct 6, via which the steam is supplied, for example, to rooms of a building for steam humidification.
  • the steam air distribution unit 9 preferably extends transversely to the flow direction and has a plurality of openings pointing in the direction of flow and unspecified.
  • the gas-operated steam humidifier 2 preferably has a flame monitoring for the burner and an exhaust gas temperature measurement / regulation.
  • the system 1 further comprises an exhaust device 7, which serves the introduction of (combustion) exhaust gas of the gas-operated steam humidifier 2 in the exhaust air duct 3 of the ventilation system.
  • the exhaust device 7 is framed by a dotted box.
  • the exhaust device 7 comprises an exhaust pipe 8, whose one open end is connected to an exhaust port 9 of the gas-operated steam humidifier 2.
  • the other open end of the exhaust pipe 8 is introduced into the exhaust air duct 3 and that upstream of the fan 4 (or the fans 4), so that at this open end of the exhaust pipe 8 during operation of the air conditioning system negative pressure prevails.
  • the exhaust pipe 8 preferably has a length between 3 m and 10 m, wherein taking place in the exhaust pipe 8 pressure reduction due to their cable length and the number of contra-angles provided is preferably not more than 1 Pa per linear meter and per 90 ° angle.
  • the diameter of the exhaust pipe 8 is for example between 80 mm and 160 mm depending on the rated power of the steam humidifier 2 used.
  • one or more condensate traps 18 may be provided for separating condensate from the exhaust pipe 8.
  • a condensate trap 18 is preferably arranged near the waste gas outlet 9 of the steam humidifier 2.
  • a throttle valve 10 is provided in the exhaust pipe 8, the throttle valve position is set before commissioning for adjusting the pressure working range of the gas-operated steam humidifier 2 fixed.
  • the overpressure at the burner of the steam humidifier 2 preferably does not exceed 80 Pa at full load and 5 Pa at partial load, these values depending on the nominal capacity of the steam humidifier 2 used.
  • the throttle valve 10 is arranged as close as possible to the introduced into the exhaust duct open end of the exhaust pipe 8.
  • a draft regulator 11 for stabilizing the prevailing pressure in the exhaust pipe 8 and the pressure conditions at the steam humidifier 2 .
  • the draft limiter 11 in the exhaust pipe 8 is preferably arranged as close as possible to the steam humidifier 2, but preferably not closer than 2 m. It can also be provided in series in series Werbegrenzer 11, resulting in an increase of for safety reasons in the exhaust duct 3 maximum permissible negative pressure results, but also affects the minimum limit for this negative pressure.
  • the draft limiter 11 has in particular a vacuum flap 12 and a supply air supply 13. At elevated negative pressure, the negative pressure flap 12 opens and thus allows the entry of supply air into the exhaust pipe 8 via the supply air supply 13, which leads to a limitation of the pressure prevailing in the exhaust pipe 8 negative pressure. As soon as the desired value for the negative pressure is reached, closes the vacuum flap 12 again. Between the throttle valve 10 and the draft regulator 11, a condensate trap 18 is preferably provided in the exhaust pipe 8.
  • the exhaust device 7 a - preferably separate from the exhaust pipe 8 - arranged in the exhaust air duct 3 of the air conditioning system air flow monitor 14.
  • the air flow monitor 14 measures the prevailing in the exhaust duct 3 air flow velocity. If the measured value of the airflow velocity falls below a set in the air flow monitor 14 air flow speed limit, resulting from safety requirements, the air flow monitor 14 switches off the gas-operated steam humidifier 2.
  • the airflow velocity limit is 50 m 3 / h per kW rated power of the steam humidifier 2.
  • the air flow monitor 14 serves to ensure a sufficient dilution of the introduced into the exhaust duct 3 exhaust gas of the steam humidifier 2 under all conceivable operating conditions of the system 1, for example, even with a blockage in the air conditioning system optionally provided air filter or the like. It is ensured by means of the air flow monitor 14 that only exhaust gas from the steam humidifier 2 in the exhaust air duct 3 of the ventilation system is initiated when a sufficient dilution the exhaust gas in the exhaust air is ensured by a sufficient air flow velocity of the exhaust air, without a separate monitoring of the quality of the exhaust air would be required.
  • the safety-related and legally prescribed limits of 1000 ppm carbon monoxide during normal operation of the ventilation system, of 2000 ppm carbon monoxide at the shutdown (time) point of the ventilation system and of the exhaust air of the exhaust air humidifier 5000 ppm of carbon dioxide are maintained.
  • the operating state of the fan 4 is preferably also detected and the gas-operated steam humidifier 2 is controlled as a function of this operating state.
  • the detection of the operating state of the fan 4 can be done in particular via the detection of the switching state of a release relay, not shown, of the fan 4. If a stop or a shutdown of the fan 4, an immediate rinsing of the steam humidifier 2 is caused by a corresponding control of the gas-operated steam humidifier 2, to exploit the existing shortly after switching off the fan 4 in the exhaust duct 3 air flow.
  • the burner of the rinsing air humidifier 2 that is completely open for rinsing is operated, so that any remaining dirt components or exhaust gases are rinsed out and removed by the air flow still present in the exhaust air duct 3.
  • a differential pressure switch 15 is provided on or in the exhaust pipe 8, which measures the pressure prevailing in the exhaust pipe 8 pressure.
  • the differential pressure switch 15 is upstream of the draft regulator 11, that is arranged between the draft regulator 11 and the exhaust port 9 of the steam humidifier 2, preferably in the center between draft regulator 11 and steam humidifier 2.
  • the differential pressure switch 15 is not arranged closer than 1 m from the exhaust port 9, so that a stationary pressure (essentially without transient response) can be measured.
  • the differential pressure switch 15 switches off the gas-operated steam humidifier 2 when, during operation of the steam humidifier 2, the measured pressure value exceeds an upper pressure limit set at the differential pressure switch 15, in particular -20 Pa, since otherwise the negative pressure prevailing in the exhaust gas line 8 is too low in order to ensure a sufficient discharge of the exhaust gas of the steam humidifier 2 via the exhaust air duct 3.
  • differential pressure switch 15 prevents switching on of the steam humidifier 2 when the measured pressure falls below a set at the differential pressure switch 15 lower pressure limit, otherwise its flame would be sucked into the exhaust pipe 8 when switching on the burner.
  • the introduced into the exhaust duct 3 end of the exhaust pipe 8 is preferably designed as Abgasverteilhow 16, as described in more detail in FIG. 2 is shown.
  • the Abgasverteilhow 16 is preferably formed as extending transversely to the flow direction in the exhaust duct 3 tube, which is provided with a plurality of openings / holes / holes 17 for the exit of the coming of the steam humidifier 2 exhaust gas in the exhaust duct 3.
  • the openings 17 are preferably evenly distributed over the length of the Abgasverteilhow16 and point in the direction of air flow in the exhaust duct 3, so that the exiting the Abgasverteilhow 16 exhaust gases are introduced as uniformly over the width of the exhaust air duct 3 in the exhaust air and thereby a thorough mixing of Exhaust gas and exhaust air and optimal dilution of the exhaust gas in the exhaust air are ensured. Characterized in that the openings 17 point in the direction of the air flow in the exhaust air duct 3, a negative influence on the pressure prevailing in the exhaust pipe 7 / Abgasverteilhowhow 16 negative pressure can be avoided.
  • a plurality of rows of transversely uniformly distributed openings 17 may be provided, wherein the plurality of rows are preferably arranged offset in the transverse direction to each other to further promote the uniform distribution of the exhaust gas in the exhaust air.
  • exhaust gases of a combustion plant e.g. in the form of a gas-operated steam humidifier, efficiently dissipate into the open air via the exhaust duct of a ventilation and air conditioning system.

Claims (5)

  1. Système comprenant une installation de combustion (2) et une installation de ventilation avec un canal d'échappement (3) et un dispositif d'échappement (7), le dispositif d'échappement étant adapté à introduire du gaz d'échappement de l'installation de combustion (2) dans le canal d'échappement (3) de l'installation de ventilation et ayant un tuyau d'échappement (8), le tuyau d'échappement (8) du dispositif d'échappement (7) étant couplé à une extrémité avec une douille d'échappement (9) de l'installation de combustion (2) et étant introduit avec son autre extrémité en amont d'un ventilateur (4) de l'installation de ventilation dans le canal d'échappement (3) de l'installation de ventilation et le dispositif d'échappement comprenant
    - un clapet de débit (10) arrangé à l'intérieur du tuyau d'échappement (8) pour ajuster la gamme de pressions d'opération de l'installation de combustion (2),
    - un coupe-tirage (11) arrangé à l'intérieur du tuyau d'échappement (8) en amont du clapet de débit (10) pour stabiliser la pression dans le tuyau d'échappement (8), caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'échappement
    - a un contrôleur de flux d'air (14) arrangé dans le canal d'échappement (3) de l'installation de ventilation pour déterminer la vitesse du flux d'air présent dans le canal d'échappement (3) et pour contrôler l'installation de combustion (3) dépendant de la vitesse de flux d'air déterminée, et en ce que le dispositif d'échappement
    - comprend un contrôleur de pression différentielle (15) pour déterminer la pression présente dans le tuyau d'échappement (8) et pour contrôler l'installation de combustion (2) dépendant de la pression déterminée, le contrôleur de pression différentielle (15) étant arrangé au tuyau d'échappement (8) en amont du coupe-tirage (11).
  2. Système selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une unité de distribution d'échappement (16) est prévue au dispositif d'échappement à l'extrémité du tuyau d'échappement (8) qui est prévue pour l'introduction dans le canal d'échappement (3) de l'installation de ventilation, étant en forme de tuyau qui s'étend de manière oblique par rapport à la direction de flux d'échappement et ayant des multiples ouvertures (17) pour l'échappement de gaz.
  3. Procédé d'opération d'un système selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que
    - la vitesse de flux d'air dans le canal d'échappement (3) de l'installation de ventilation est déterminée par le contrôleur de flux d'air (14),
    - la valeur déterminée de la vitesse de flux d'air est comparée avec une préétablie valeur seuil de vitesse de flux d'air par le contrôleur de flux d'air (14), et
    - l'installation de combustion (2) est éteinte par le contrôleur de flux d'air (14) si la valeur de flux d'air déterminée devient inférieure à la préétablie valeur seuil de vitesse de flux d'air.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la pression présente dans le tuyau d'échappement (8) est déterminée par le contrôleur de pression différentielle (15) qui est arrangé au tuyau d'échappement (8) du dispositif d'échappement (7) en amont du coupe-tirage (11), la valeur de pression déterminée étant comparée par le contrôleur de pression différentielle (15) avec une préétablie haute valeur seuil de pression et l'installation de combustion (2) étant désactivée par le contrôleur de pression différentielle (15) si la valeur de pression déterminée est supérieure à la préétablie haute valeur seuil de pression.
  5. Procédé selon les revendications 4, caractérisé en ce que la valeur de pression déterminée est comparée par le contrôleur de pression différentielle (15) avec une préétablie basse valeur seuil de pression et l'installation de combustion (2) est gardée dans l'état désactivé par le contrôleur de pression différentielle (15) si la valeur de pression déterminée est inférieure à la préétablie basse valeur seuil de pression.
EP12005270.9A 2012-07-18 2012-07-18 Système doté d'un dispositif de gaz d'échappement et procédé de fonctionnement d'un tel système Active EP2687784B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL12005270T PL2687784T3 (pl) 2012-07-18 2012-07-18 System z urządzeniem odprowadzającym spaliny i sposób eksploatacji takiego systemu
EP12005270.9A EP2687784B1 (fr) 2012-07-18 2012-07-18 Système doté d'un dispositif de gaz d'échappement et procédé de fonctionnement d'un tel système

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12005270.9A EP2687784B1 (fr) 2012-07-18 2012-07-18 Système doté d'un dispositif de gaz d'échappement et procédé de fonctionnement d'un tel système

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2687784A1 EP2687784A1 (fr) 2014-01-22
EP2687784B1 true EP2687784B1 (fr) 2017-08-02

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EP12005270.9A Active EP2687784B1 (fr) 2012-07-18 2012-07-18 Système doté d'un dispositif de gaz d'échappement et procédé de fonctionnement d'un tel système

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EP (1) EP2687784B1 (fr)
PL (1) PL2687784T3 (fr)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1016049C2 (nl) * 2000-08-30 2002-03-01 Gastec Nv Inrichting voor het koppelen van afvoergassen van een gasverbruiktoestel en een ventilatiesysteem met of zonder aansluiting op een Warmte-Terug-Win-unit.
US20120083194A1 (en) * 2003-03-06 2012-04-05 Enervex, Inc. Mechanical draft systems
US20110203569A1 (en) * 2010-02-23 2011-08-25 John Robert Weimer Boiler system stabilizing damper and flue control method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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PL2687784T3 (pl) 2018-01-31
EP2687784A1 (fr) 2014-01-22

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