EP2500663A1 - Installation de protection contre la fumée - Google Patents

Installation de protection contre la fumée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2500663A1
EP2500663A1 EP12153132A EP12153132A EP2500663A1 EP 2500663 A1 EP2500663 A1 EP 2500663A1 EP 12153132 A EP12153132 A EP 12153132A EP 12153132 A EP12153132 A EP 12153132A EP 2500663 A1 EP2500663 A1 EP 2500663A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exhaust
flap
air
duct
channel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12153132A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jürgen Eidmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2500663A1 publication Critical patent/EP2500663A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F17/00—Vertical ducts; Channels, e.g. for drainage
    • E04F17/04—Air-ducts or air channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/02—Roof ventilation
    • F24F7/025—Roof ventilation with forced air circulation by means of a built-in ventilator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/33—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke
    • F24F11/34—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke by opening air passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F2007/001—Ventilation with exhausting air ducts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/0001—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation
    • F24F2011/0002—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation for admittance of outside air
    • F24F2011/0004—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation for admittance of outside air to create overpressure in a room
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/0001—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation
    • F24F2011/0002—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation for admittance of outside air
    • F24F2011/0005—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation for admittance of outside air to create underpressure in a room, keeping contamination inside

Definitions

  • building means in particular buildings with several floors, which are connected to one another via one or more staircases.
  • the staircases and possibly adjoining corridors escape routes or escape routes.
  • Possible fire areas are adjacent units of use such as apartments, offices or the like.
  • the smoke protection system is designed as smoke protection differential pressure system, which is ensured by the overpressure air set in the area of the escape and rescue routes a smoke control in case of fire.
  • the overpressure required for keeping smoke free must not exceed a permissible maximum value (eg 50 Pa).
  • the supply air damper device provides for automatic air removal of excess air, via automatically opening and closing (spring-loaded) control valves.
  • the exhaust air system While the supply air system is responsible for the generation of overpressure in the escape rooms, the exhaust air system, in addition to a possible smoke extraction of fire areas in case of fire, primarily ensures a secure outflow.
  • This exhaust air system is designed as a mechanical exhaust air system, so that meteorological influences on the safety function of the system are prevented and in particular ensures a safe outflow. It is therefore not worked with a natural, but a mechanical outflow by means of a fan.
  • the term fan generally includes sucking and / or blowing conveyors and consequently also pumps or the like.
  • exhaust fan on the one hand and exhaust air damper device on the other hand avoids that arise in the fire areas impermissibly low pressures, because At such low pressures in the area of the fire areas, the spring-loaded butterfly valve automatically opens due to the negative pressure created in the exhaust air system. Consequently, an excessively high pressure difference is avoided in the area of a closed door between the escape route and the firebox, so that only the positive permissible pressure difference through the supply air system can always be present across closed doors.
  • Such a smoke protection system on the one hand mechanical air supply system and on the other hand mechanical exhaust system for example, from DE 10 2005 053 590 B4 known.
  • the well-known smoke protection system has proven itself in principle, but it is capable of further development. - This is where the invention starts.
  • a central ventilation system for ventilation of a residential building which has a motor-driven fan and a collecting exhaust duct with at least one exhaust element for extracting exhaust air, with which the exhaust air from at least one room of the dwelling is detected and removed from the residential building, with a disused chimney or a Installation shaft forms at least part of the Sammelab Kunststofftechnisch and the ventilation system is supplemented by arranged in the building openings supply air, via which supply air flows into the room.
  • at least one exhaust element of an uninhabited side room of the residential building is arranged such that the chimney or the installation shaft is directly and completely flowed through with the exhaust air of the adjacent room.
  • the exhaust elements of Sammelab Kunststofftechnisch can be separated from each other by fire dampers.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a smoke protection system of the type described above, which is characterized by a high reliability and thus a high safety standard with a simple structure.
  • the invention teaches in a generic smoke protection system of the type described above, that the exhaust system has at least one channel flap device with at least one channel flap, which separates the exhaust box of the exhaust duct in the closed state.
  • the channel flap is preferably designed as a spring-loaded flap, which automatically opens when a channel flap opening pressure is exceeded and automatically closes when falling below the channel flap opening pressure.
  • the exhaust air flap device on the one hand and the channel flap device on the other hand are particularly matched to one another such that the channel flap opening pressure is less than the exhaust valve opening pressure, ie the opening pressure of the channel flaps is below the opening pressure of the exhaust air flaps.
  • the exhaust air flap can be arranged in the exhaust box, in the transition region between exhaust box and exhaust duct or in the exhaust duct itself, for example in an end-side section of the exhaust duct.
  • the use of the exhaust air flap according to the invention is particularly useful when the immediately adjacent to the exhaust duct fire compartment has a leakage opening, either to an adjacent room and / or the outside atmosphere. If, for example, a lock door is arranged between the fire compartment adjoining the exhaust duct and a space adjacent thereto, this leakage opening can be realized by allowing the lock door to be overflowed via this leakage opening.
  • the duct flap device can be flowed through by a leakage flow in the closed state of the duct flap. This ensures that a minimum leakage must always be conveyed in the exhaust duct, in the event that the exhaust air flaps are open and the duct flap is closed.
  • the exhaust damper device can be several z. B. have juxtaposed exhaust valves, or the exhaust valve is composed as a multi-membered flap of several (coupled) flap members. The same applies to the sewer flap device.
  • the channel flaps are formed in a manner known per se as (only) on one side umströmbare flaps.
  • the exhaust air flaps Preferably, however, the duct flaps and / or the exhaust air flaps are designed as flaps which can be flowed over on two sides. This means that the flaps are not only flowed around from one side when opening, but from both sides.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 schematically a multi-storey building in a smoke protection system according to the invention is shown.
  • the building has a plurality of floors with several possible fire areas 1 and an escape route 4, wherein the fire rooms 1 via doors 2, 3 are connected to the escape route 4.
  • the escape route 4 is here in particular a staircase.
  • a supply air system 5 In the lower floor of a supply air system 5 is arranged, which has a Zu Kunststoffventilator 6, which acts in case of fire, the escape routes 4 and - in a possibly open door 2 - also a possible fire chamber 1 with excess pressure.
  • the supply air system 5 has a supply air control flap device 7, which has at least one spring-loaded control flap 8, which automatically opens on exceeding a predetermined limit overpressure to the outside and automatically closes when falling below the limit overpressure.
  • an exhaust duct 9 is provided, which is connected to the fire rooms 1 with the interposition of at least one smoke control valve 10 and out for the discharge of air and / or smoke out of the building.
  • an exhaust system 11 is connected, which has an end connected to the exhaust duct 9 exhaust box 13.
  • This exhaust air system ensures a mechanical outflow.
  • the exhaust box is equipped with an exhaust fan 14 and an exhaust damper device 15, wherein the exhaust damper device 15 has at least one spring-loaded exhaust damper 16.
  • This exhaust control flap 16 separates the interior of the exhaust box 13 from the outside atmosphere. It opens when a given exhaust air flap opening pressure is exceeded and closes automatically when the exhaust air flap opening pressure falls below it.
  • the exhaust air regulating flap device 15 can also have a plurality of exhaust air regulating flaps, and a plurality of exhaust air regulating flap devices 15 can also be integrated into the exhaust air box 13.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 4 are on different sides of the exhaust box 13, two exhaust control valve devices 15 are provided.
  • a channel flap device is provided, namely fluidically between the exhaust duct 9 and the exhaust box 13.
  • This duct flap device has at least one duct flap 17, which in the closed state the exhaust box 13 separates from the exhaust duct 9.
  • This channel flap 17 is also formed in the embodiment as a spring-loaded and thus automatically opening and closing flap. It opens automatically when a sewer flap opening pressure is exceeded and closes automatically when it falls below the sewer flap opening pressure. It can also be provided a plurality of channel flaps 17 and a multi-membered channel flap.
  • Exhaust air damper device 15 and duct flap device are matched to one another such that the duct flap opening pressure is less than the Ab Kunststoffklappenö Maschinenstik, that is, the opening pressure of the duct flap 17 is below the opening pressure of the exhaust control valves 16, which form external air dampers.
  • the channel flap 17 is arranged in the transitional area between the exhaust box 13 and the exhaust channel 9. However, it can also be arranged (end) in the channel 9, in any case behind the last smoke control damper.
  • the fire chamber 1 immediately adjacent to the exhaust air duct 9 has a leakage opening to the adjoining room 1. It can be seen that between these rooms 1 a lock door 3 is arranged. In that regard, it is the "last" door in front of the smoke control damper. In the exemplary embodiment, this door 3 can be overflowed via the leakage opening 18. It is also provided that the channel flap device in the closed state of the channel flap 17 can be flowed through with a leakage flow. This is not shown in the figures. This leakage of the channel flap 17 can be realized by separate openings. However, there is also the possibility of this possibly necessary leakage by appropriate design of the flap and their seals, etc. set up.
  • the operation of the smoke protection system according to the invention is based on a comparative analysis of the FIGS. 1 to 3 be explained.
  • FIG. 1 shows the building with the smoke protection system initially in the "normal state", ie without a fire in one of the floors.
  • Supply air system 5 and exhaust system 11 are out of service.
  • the pressure in the entire building corresponds essentially to the atmospheric pressure.
  • the smoke control flaps 10 are closed.
  • both the supply air system 5 and the exhaust system 11 are put into operation and the fire compartment 1 associated smoke control valve 10 is opened.
  • This functional state is in FIG. 2 indicated.
  • the supply air fan 6 pumps air in the area of the escape route 4 (staircase), the control valve device 7 ensures that the predetermined Boundary overpressure is not exceeded.
  • the outflow is done by machine via the exhaust system 11.
  • both the exhaust flap 16 and the channel flap 17 are closed.
  • the duct flap 17 initially opens, since it is set to a lower opening pressure than the exhaust control flap 16. Since no air can flow in from the utilization area when the lock door 3 is closed, the negative pressure in the exhaust box 13 is in front of the exhaust fan 14 rise so that the exhaust control valve 16 opens. With the exhaust air control flap 16 open, the pressure at the sewer flap drops below its opening pressure and the sewer flap closes, but with a predetermined leakage.
  • the negative pressure in the exhaust duct depends on the described (specifically set) leakage of the closed duct flap. The amount of air required for the leakage flow is conveyed through the shaft.
  • the stable operating condition with open lock doors 2, 3 is then reached.
  • the chamber pressure ⁇ pK is composed of the differential pressure of the channel flap 17 and the required delivery pressure in the exhaust duct 9. Due to the delivery pressure in the shaft 9, the differential pressure at the exhaust valve 16 in this operating state is the highest. The pressure loss when the exhaust air flap 16 is open is much lower.
  • the necessary delivery pressure for the fan 14 increases with the doors 3 closing.
  • the chamber pressure ⁇ pK drops, that is, the negative pressure rises until the opening differential pressure at the exhaust air flap 16 is reached.
  • the exhaust air damper 16 opens and the chamber pressure ⁇ pK increases and the differential pressure at the duct flap 17 decreases until the duct flap 17 closes.
  • FIG. 4 shows a first embodiment of the invention is shown in which the exhaust control valves 16 and the channel flap 17 are positioned approximately perpendicular to each other. This arrangement lends itself to when the exhaust duct 9 is led out end vertically from the building.
  • FIG. 5 an alternative embodiment of the invention is shown, in which the exhaust control valve 16 and the channel flap 17 are aligned parallel to each other.
  • This arrangement with, for example, vertically arranged flaps lends itself to when the exhaust duct 9 is led out end side horizontally out of the building.
EP12153132A 2011-03-14 2012-01-30 Installation de protection contre la fumée Withdrawn EP2500663A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011001260A DE102011001260B3 (de) 2011-03-14 2011-03-14 Rauchschutzanlage

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2500663A1 true EP2500663A1 (fr) 2012-09-19

Family

ID=45557928

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12153132A Withdrawn EP2500663A1 (fr) 2011-03-14 2012-01-30 Installation de protection contre la fumée

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP2500663A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102011001260B3 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103711337A (zh) * 2012-09-29 2014-04-09 四川欧润特软件科技有限公司 新型通风电焊车间
EP2722607A1 (fr) * 2012-10-16 2014-04-23 Smay Sp. z.o.o. Dispositif de pression différentielle
WO2016034415A1 (fr) * 2014-09-05 2016-03-10 Swiss Raltec Gmbh Immeuble de grande taille comprenant n étages et un puits d'évacuation

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014223857B4 (de) * 2014-11-24 2022-04-28 Geze Gmbh Verfahren zum Abziehen von Rauch und Warmluft sowie Rauch- und Warmluftabzugsanlage
EP3078918B2 (fr) 2015-04-08 2023-09-06 Gesellschaft für sicherheits- und brandschutz- Installation de pression différentielle hybride de protection contre la fumée
CN107019859B (zh) * 2017-05-26 2022-04-05 赵国海 阻燃逃生装置弹射机构

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29917485U1 (de) * 1999-10-04 1999-12-09 Trox Gmbh Geb Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsanlage
DE202004008792U1 (de) 2004-06-02 2004-08-26 K.C.R. 28 Küchen und mehr GmbH Zentrales Lüftungssystem zur Lüftung eines Wohngebäudes
EP1785201A2 (fr) * 2005-11-10 2007-05-16 Jürgen Eidmann Dispositif de protection contre la fumée

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29917485U1 (de) * 1999-10-04 1999-12-09 Trox Gmbh Geb Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsanlage
DE202004008792U1 (de) 2004-06-02 2004-08-26 K.C.R. 28 Küchen und mehr GmbH Zentrales Lüftungssystem zur Lüftung eines Wohngebäudes
EP1785201A2 (fr) * 2005-11-10 2007-05-16 Jürgen Eidmann Dispositif de protection contre la fumée
DE102005053590B4 (de) 2005-11-10 2008-11-13 Eidmann, Fritz Jürgen Rauchschutzanlage sowie Verfahren zum Abführen von Rauch aus Brandräumen eines Gebäudes und zur Rauchfreihaltung von Fluchtwegen des Gebäudes

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103711337A (zh) * 2012-09-29 2014-04-09 四川欧润特软件科技有限公司 新型通风电焊车间
EP2722607A1 (fr) * 2012-10-16 2014-04-23 Smay Sp. z.o.o. Dispositif de pression différentielle
WO2016034415A1 (fr) * 2014-09-05 2016-03-10 Swiss Raltec Gmbh Immeuble de grande taille comprenant n étages et un puits d'évacuation

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Publication number Publication date
DE102011001260B3 (de) 2012-08-30

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