Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/70—Web, sheet or filament bases ; Films; Fibres of the matrix type containing drug
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/70—Web, sheet or filament bases ; Films; Fibres of the matrix type containing drug
  • A61K9/7023—Transdermal patches and similar drug-containing composite devices, e.g. cataplasms
  • A61K9/703—Transdermal patches and similar drug-containing composite devices, e.g. cataplasms characterised by shape or structure; Details concerning release liner or backing; Refillable patches; User-activated patches
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/70—Web, sheet or filament bases ; Films; Fibres of the matrix type containing drug
  • A61K9/7023—Transdermal patches and similar drug-containing composite devices, e.g. cataplasms
  • A61K9/703—Transdermal patches and similar drug-containing composite devices, e.g. cataplasms characterised by shape or structure; Details concerning release liner or backing; Refillable patches; User-activated patches
  • A61K9/7038—Transdermal patches of the drug-in-adhesive type, i.e. comprising drug in the skin-adhesive layer
  • A61K9/7046—Transdermal patches of the drug-in-adhesive type, i.e. comprising drug in the skin-adhesive layer the adhesive comprising macromolecular compounds
  • A61K9/7053—Transdermal patches of the drug-in-adhesive type, i.e. comprising drug in the skin-adhesive layer the adhesive comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon to carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl, polyisobutylene, polystyrene
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P15/00—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives
  • A61P15/18—Feminine contraceptives
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P5/00—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system
  • A61P5/24—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the sex hormones
  • A61P5/30—Oestrogens

Definitions

• the invention relates to pharmaceutical formulations, in particular transdermal therapeutic systems, which are characterized in that no active ingredient crystallizes out at the interface between peelable release liner and drug-containing matrix.
• TTSs transdermal therapeutic systems
• the transdermal therapeutic systems occupy a special position among the drugs used on the skin, as they do not exert their effect on, but on the skin.
• Transdermal therapeutic systems release the material from the depot into the bloodstream via the skin, resulting in no local but systemic effect.
• the advantage of TTS is its sustained action and uniform drug level comparable to infusion.
• Transdermal Therapeutic Systems are multi-layered patches whose essential components
• a covering layer which is impermeable to water, penetration enhancers and active substances,
• a matrix containing the skin adhesion adhesive optionally one or more
• PenetrationsverEntr and at least one active ingredient and a removable Schutzfoiie (Release Liner).
• permeation crossing the skin
• penetration penetration into the skin
• both terms are to be understood synonymously in the sense that an active substance passes through the skin from a transdermal system and into the bloodstream.
• permeation enhancer and penetration enhancer.
• the use of permeation or penetration enhancers, which reduce the barrier function of the upper skin layer, is particularly known in hormone-containing transdermal systems such as plasters for contraception.
• penetration enhancers must be added (Sitruk-Ware, Transdermal application of Steroid hormones for contraception, J. Steroid Biochem oculus Biol, Volume 53, p247- 251).
• fatty acids, alcohols, PEG 400, surfactants or Azone are used as penetration enhancers.
• permeation enhancers can undesirably stress the organism. For example, it may cause skin irritation or allergic reactions.
• WO 2005/058287 describes a transdermal system with an active substance-containing layer which contains a low content of hormones, especially of gestodene or gestodenester, and a carrier consisting of polymers such as polyisobutylene, polybutene, polyisoprene, polystyrene, styrene-isoprene-styrene biopolymers , Styrene-butadiene-styrene biopolymers and mixtures thereof.
• the active substance-containing layer has a solubility for gestodene of not more than 3 percent by weight, based on the active substance-containing layer.
• the content of gestodene or gestodenester in this layer is between 0.5 and 3 weight percent.
• Supersaturation refers to a condition in which the amount of drug dissolved in the matrix exceeds the saturation solubility.
• the supersaturation of polymeric patch matrices provides a simple method for increasing skin permeation without altering the barrier properties of the stratum corneum, since the gradient of thermodynamic activity between patch and blut is the driving force for Fick's diffusion law (equation 1) permeation.
• the resulting supersaturated systems are either metastable or unstable and tend to crystallize during storage (Stefano et al 1997, Variankaval et al 1,999, Lipp et al 1,999, Ki m & Chol 2002), which adversely affect transdermal drug uptake can be changed. Crystal formation or crystal growth is known, for example, in suspensions and supersaturated solutions of steroid hormones (M Kuhnert-Brand Toor et al., Sei. Pharm., 35 (1967) 4, 287-297).
• crystallization inhibitors can undesirably stress the organism. For example, it may cause skin irritation or allergic reactions.
• Contain penetration enhancer so that a high drug flux through the skin of the desired drug level is achieved in the blood plasma.
• a solid transdermal therapeutic system which contains a backing layer, at least one active substance-containing matrix and a peelable protective film.
• the transdermal therapeutic system according to the invention is characterized in that no proportion of gestodene or gestodene ester in the form of amorphous or crystalline particles having a mean diameter of not more than 200 ⁇ m, dissolved in less than 2%, preferably less than 1%, of the plaster surface is not dissolved in the matrix polymer not more than 100 ⁇ , particularly preferably not more than 50 m at the interface between the peelable protective film and drug-containing matrix or crystallized in the active ingredient-containing matrix and that the matrix is free of solubilizers, Kristailisationsinhibitoren and Dispersionsmittein.
• the TTS contains no or up to a maximum of 5% crystallization inhibitors (based on the total mass of the active substance-containing polymer matrix).
• crystallization inhibitors the following are used: isopropyl myristate, dimethyl isosorbide, propylene glycol, Kollidon VA 64 (available from BASF).
• it is preferably a transdermal therapeutic system with a monolayer active ingredient-containing matrix,
• the matrix is self-adhesive.
• the self-adhesive matrix does not have a drug release controlling membrane.
• the matrix of the transdermal therapeutic system according to the invention contains polymers selected from the group of polyisobutylene, polybutene, polyacrylate, polydimethylsiloxane, styrene-isoprene block polymer or polyisoprene.
• the matrix contains polyisobutylene.
• the matrix contains at least one active substance, which is preferably selected from the group of steroid hormones.
• Steroid hormones include estrogens, progestins, antiestrogens, antiestagens, androgens, antiandrogens, glucocorticoids and mineral corticosteroids.
• Preferred active ingredients in the context of the invention are progestagens and / or estrogens.
• Preferred progestagens are gestodene and its derivatives, such as gestodene esters.
• Preferred estrogens in the present invention are ethinyl estradiol, estradiol, estradioester.
• the matrix of the transdermal therapeutic system according to the invention contains one or more active substances. For example, it contains a gestagen such as gestodene or gestodenester.
• the matrix contains a combination of estrogens and gestagens.
• the matrix of the transdermal therapeutic system of the invention contains ethinylestradiol and gestodene or a gestodene ester.
• the active substances are contained in the transdermal therapeutic system according to the invention in the active substance-containing matrix in a concentration of 0 to 1.9% by weight, based on the weight of the active substance-containing matrix.
• Preferred ranges for gestodene are 1-2%, more preferably 1.9%; for ethinyl estradiol 0-0.9%, more preferred 0.5% based on the weight of the active substance-containing matrix.
• a patch typically contains 2.1 mg gestodene and 0.55mg EE,
• the solubility of GSD and esters in the active ingredient-containing matrix is about 2%.
• the matrix contains the active ingredient (s), preferably in dissolved form, and is typically used at a coating weight of 50-100mg / 10cm 2 (dry weight), preferably at a coating weight of 70-100mg / 10cm 2 (dry weight).
• the plaster contains a separating layer (C) and above it a further Kieb harsh (B), in which at least one UV absorber, in a concentration of 0.5 to 10% (m / m ), preferably 1, 0 to 5.0% (m / m), more preferably 2.0 to 4.0% (m / m) in dissolved form.
• the UV-absorber containing Kieb Anlagen is then typically used in a layer thickness of 10-50mg / 10cm 2, preferably at a coating weight of 20-40mg / 10cm 2, more preferably at a coating weight of 30mg / 10cm.
• Known UV absorbers are, for example, Tinosorb S and Tinuvin.
• UV-A in the inventive transdermal therapeutic system are Tinosorb S and Tinuvin.
• the skin layer of the transdermal therapeutic system according to the invention consists of a barrier polymer and preferably has a layer thickness of 4 to 23 ⁇ m, preferably of 4 to 10 ⁇ m.
• separating layer of the transdermal therapeutic system is impermeable to UV absorbers.
• Suitable barrier polymers are polyethylene terephthalate, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, Polyvinyiidenchlorid or its copolymers or Coiaminaie.
• the release layer is impermeable to UV absorbers.
• UV absorbers makes it possible to produce a colorless plaster, which leads to a particularly high acceptance of the product and the associated improved compliance among the users.
• materials are used which are either impermeable or permeable to the containing active substance,
• a backing layer is used, which is made of active substance-permeable material such as polypropylene, polyethylene or polyurethane.
• Suitable peelable protective layers are all films which are customarily used in transdermal therapeutic systems.
• foils are siliconized or fiuor-coated with silicone.
• films are used according to the invention which have the film types FL 2000 75 ⁇ PET 1s (78CC), FL 2000 75 ⁇ PET 1s (RT149), FL 2000 75 ⁇ PET 1s (RT404), Primeliner FL PET 2000 Type 78JR, Primeiiner FL PET Type 78 GY (each available from Loparex), Perlasic LF75 (available from Perlen Converting), Scotchpak 9744, Scotchpak 9742, Scotchpak 9741 (each available from 3M Drug Delivery, Silphan S50 M030 (available from Siliconature), Akrosil Release Liner (available from Akrosii) or 490si (available from Adhesives Research), Silex PET film siliconized (available from Kalico Products)
• the base film is polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polypropylene (PP). This base film is coated after production with a silicone or film sealer provided.
• Preferred release liners are Perlasic LF75, Loparex 78CC, Scotchpack 9741, Primeiiner FL PET 2000 Type 78JR, Primeliner FL PET Type 78 GY and Silex PET film my siliconized. Primeliner FL PET 2000 Type 78JR, Primeliner FL PET Type 78 GY and Silex PET film my silicon are particularly preferred.
• the drug layer adjoining the shoe cover preferably has a thickness of 100-150 ⁇ .
• the release of the active ingredients preferably takes place over an area of 5 to 20 cm 2, preferably 7-15, particularly preferably 10-12 cm 2 .
• the transdermal therapeutic system of the invention is preferably a patch.
• Such patches are used, for example, for contraception in women and contain a gestagen, for example, gestodene in an amount of 0.5-3 mg, preferably 1-2.5 mg, more preferably 2.1 mg usually in combination with an estrogen, for example ethinylestradiol in an amount of 0.3-0.9 mg, preferably 0.4-0.6 mg, more preferably 0.55 mg.
• plasters containing hormones such as estrogens and / or progestins are used for hormone replacement therapy and contain an estrogen, for example estradiol in an amount of 1-8, preferably 2-7.6 mg, such as in the market product Climara®, or estradiol 2-5 mg in combination with a progestin, eg levonorgestrel 1-3 mg, such as.
• the transdermal therapeutic system according to the invention is preferably used for contraception.
• a transdermic therapeutic system which contains either a steroid hormone, preferably gestodene or a gestodene ester or a combination of gestodene with estrogens, preferably with ethinylestradiol.
• Usual sizes of contraceptive patches are from 5 to 20 cm 2 .
• Preferred within the meaning of the invention is a patch of the size of 7-15, particularly preferably 10-12 cm 2 .
• the transdermal therapeutic system of the invention is administered for a period of 7 days (1 week).
• the patch according to the invention is used repeatedly over a period of 7 days in a cycle of 21 days (3 weeks) followed by a period of 7 days (1 week) without plaster.
• This means that the patch according to the invention is applied to the skin on days 1, 8 and 15 within a cycle of 28 days.
• the first patch of the invention is administered on the first day of menstruation.
• the second is applied to the skin on day 8 from the first day of menstruation and the third on day 5 from the first day of menstruation.
• Another embodiment of the invention is that the patch is administered on the first, second, third, fourth, fifth or sixth day after the onset of menstruation.
• the plaster of the invention is administered according to a further embodiment of the invention over a period of 52 weeks by continuous administration of each patch for 7 days without a plaster-free period.
• the patch is applied, for example, on the first day of menstruation.
• the other patches are then applied on the day 8, 15, 22, 29, 36, 43, etc.
• the patch may also be administered on the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, or sixth day after the onset of menstruation.
• the application of the second corresponding to day 8, 9, 10, 1 1, 12 or 13 after the start of menstruation.
• the administration of the third and further patches is then always at intervals of 7 days calculated from the order of the previous patch.
• Continuous administration of the patch according to the invention may also be carried out over a shorter period of time, for example 1, 1, 13 or 26 weeks plus then 7 days each without plaster. That is, the administration of several types of plaster according to the invention over a period of »1 1 weeks then a period of 7 days without plaster or
• transdermal therapeutic system which contains either gestodene or gestodene ester alone or in combination with ethinyl estradiol.
• the invention relates to a kit containing 1 to 52, 1 to 28, 1 to 13 patches according to claim 1 1 for use within a period of 52, 26 or 13 weeks plus 7 days without plaster.
• a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a transdermal therapeutic system comprising 0.55 mg of ethinylestradiol and 2.1 mg of gestodene dissolved in a single-layer matrix containing polyisobutylene.
• This embodiment further contains a 4-8 pm thick Poiyesterfolie as a release layer, another adhesive layer with the UV absorber Tinosorb and a 50- 80 m thick cover layer of polyethylene (PE) (see Figure 1).
• the active ingredient haitige adhesive layer is limited by a siliconized or fluorine-coated polyester release liner.
• the preferred size of the embodiment is 1 1 cm 2 .
• Lamination process (relaminating): The active substance-containing adhesive layer was applied to the Release Liner FL 2000 ⁇ ⁇ PET 1 s (RT127) according to the standard method and dried. After laminating the release layer of the release liner FL 2000 100 ⁇ PET 1 s (RT127) withdrawn and replaced with the release liner to be sought after.
• Example 2 Methods for examining the patterns for crystallization Optical evaluation:
• the crystal size in the patches was examined.
• the crystal size was evaluated with a microscope (Zeiss Axio Imager M1 m, objective: W-Pi 1x / 23, camera: AxioCam MRc 60 N-C 1 "1.0x).
• patches are prepared analogously to the procedure described here using at least two of the application methods described above and this is examined for crystallization.
• release liners with a maximum number of 2 are suitable for use as a release liner for the described gestoden and
• Ethinylestradiol containing Pfiasterformuitechnik are in particular: FL 2000 75 ⁇ PET 1s (78CC), FL 200075 ⁇ ! PET 1s (RT149), FL 200075 ⁇ PET
• Perlasic LF75, Loparex 78CC and Scotchpack 9741 are particularly attractive because the area of the mentioned release liners was crystal-free under the test conditions mentioned above.
• FIG. 1 shows the structure of the plaster in cross section:
• release liner E siconized or fiuor-coated release liner (release liner)

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