EP2585779A1 - Drier - Google Patents

Drier

Info

Publication number
EP2585779A1
EP2585779A1 EP11725339.3A EP11725339A EP2585779A1 EP 2585779 A1 EP2585779 A1 EP 2585779A1 EP 11725339 A EP11725339 A EP 11725339A EP 2585779 A1 EP2585779 A1 EP 2585779A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
dryer
lock
air curtain
inlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11725339.3A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2585779B1 (en
Inventor
Dietmar Bruckner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eisenmann SE
Original Assignee
Eisenmann SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eisenmann SE filed Critical Eisenmann SE
Publication of EP2585779A1 publication Critical patent/EP2585779A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2585779B1 publication Critical patent/EP2585779B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
    • F26B15/10—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions
    • F26B15/12—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B13/00—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement
    • F26B13/005—Seals, locks, e.g. gas barriers for web drying enclosures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/14—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects using gases or vapours other than air or steam, e.g. inert gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/008—Seals, locks, e.g. gas barriers or air curtains, for drying enclosures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B05D3/0254—After-treatment
    • B05D3/0272—After-treatment with ovens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2210/00—Drying processes and machines for solid objects characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2210/12—Vehicle bodies, e.g. after being painted

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a dryer for drying
  • Liquids especially the expulsion of solvents, or the crosslinking of wet paints but also the gelling and the so-called "burn-in" of powder coatings understood in all dryers is the in and out of
  • A-locks are used as inlet and outlet locks. These A-locks make use of the fact that hot air is lighter than cold air and accumulates in the upper area of closed rooms. In these A-locks, therefore, the object to be dried is relatively high
  • a further disadvantage is that a continuous passage of the objects to be dried is not possible but by the two vertical movements in the inlet and the
  • the inlet lock comprises: ea) a first air curtain extending over the entire width of the inlet lock and running from bottom to top; eb) behind in the direction of movement of the objects
  • the first air curtain a second air curtain extending over the entire width of the inlet lock, running from top to bottom;
  • the outlet lock is substantially identical to the inlet lock, but with the articles passing first through an air curtain directed from top to bottom and then from bottom to top.
  • the influx of cold air into the dry space and the outflow of hot inner atmosphere into the outside atmosphere can be very largely reduced without affecting the different densities of cold and hot air would have to be recurred and the objects would have to perform this vertical movements. It is obvious that this means that the costs incurred in the locks, compared to A locks is significantly reduced. It is also evident that, due to the omission of the vertical movements, the throughput through the dryer according to the invention can be increased compared with the prior art.
  • the nozzle devices which produce the air curtains are adjustable in their directional characteristic and / or throttling action. In this way, the air curtains can both in their geometric
  • the nozzle devices which produce the air curtains expediently comprise a plurality of nozzle rows or slot nozzles arranged one behind the other in the direction of movement of the articles.
  • a heating device in particular a heat exchanger, be arranged.
  • the air curtains can be brought to a desired temperature, which will generally be between the temperature of the outside atmosphere and the temperature of the inside atmosphere.
  • the ratio of the sizes of the hang in the two Beervor flowing air streams is adjustable in an expedient embodiment of the invention. ever According to the nature of the drying objects or the coating to be dried, it may be cheaper if the amount of air flowing in the first air curtain is greater than that in the second air curtain, or vice versa. What is better in this respect can be determined in individual cases by simple experiments.
  • the continuous dryer designated as a whole by the reference numeral 1 and shown only in the entrance area is intended for drying attachments of vehicle bodies, which are continuously transported through the continuous drier 1 by means of an overhead conveyor (not shown).
  • an overhead conveyor not shown
  • the continuous dryer 1 comprises a dryer housing 2, which is to avoid heat losses iso ⁇ thermal profiled.
  • the dryer housing 2 has at its left end in the drawing an inlet opening 3, through which the attachments are first introduced into an anteroom 4 introduced. From there they pass through an opening 5 in an intermediate wall 6, whose upper portion 6a serves as a bulkhead for air guidance in the manner described below, in a lock 7.
  • an inlet opening 3 through which the attachments are first introduced into an anteroom 4 introduced. From there they pass through an opening 5 in an intermediate wall 6, whose upper portion 6a serves as a bulkhead for air guidance in the manner described below, in a lock 7.
  • Attachments a first air curtain 8, which is directed from bottom to top, and a second air curtain 9, the opposite, that flows from top to bottom. From the lock 7, the add-on parts then pass under a further bulkhead 10 into the actual dryer space 11. In the drying room 11 prevails to dry the paint on the attachments a temperature up to about 250 ° C, as is known in the art. The attachments now pass through the drying room 11; the residence time in this is so long that the drying process at
  • an air channel 12 is formed in the dryer housing 2 of the continuous dryer 1.
  • a nozzle assembly 13 which is composed of several, in the direction of movement of the attachments successively arranged nozzle rows or slot dies.
  • the nozzle device 14 also comprises several, in
  • Throttle 21 are discharged into the outside atmosphere. Another part of the air is supplied via a throttle cap 22 of the first nozzle device 13. A third part of the air finally passes over another
  • a slider 24 is capable of more or less closing an opening 25 in a side wall of the space 18, thus allowing a by-pass to pass the air through the two nozzle means 13 and 14, if so a need is given.
  • the first air curtain 8 is set up with the aid of the first nozzle device 13 in such a way that it flows upwards with the smallest possible opening angle.
  • the bulkhead 6a prevents leakage of the air curtain 8 in the drawing to the left to the curtain 4 out.
  • the middle plane of the air curtain 8 can also be made slightly inclined to the vertical.
  • the air forming the first air curtain 8 is sucked in via the outlet opening 15 and the gap 18 by the fan 17 and pressed into the air duct 19, heated by the heat exchanger 20 and finally divided by means of the three throttle valves 21, 22, 23. A release to the outside atmosphere via the first throttle valve 21 takes place only exceptionally, if this is necessary for the air budget of the continuous dryer 1.
  • the distribution of the air to the two nozzle devices 13 and 14 by means of the two throttle valves 22, 23 is normally such that the amount of air in the two air curtains 8, 9 is the same. Deviations from this, however, are possible if required.
  • the second nozzle device 14 is likewise set in this way. represents that the air curtain diverges down as little as possible, in particular so that the two Lucasvor ⁇ pendants 8, 9 do not overlap to any appreciable extent.
  • the second air curtain 9 is throttled so that it does not extend to the bottom of the lock 7. Rather, the air in the lower region of the lock 7, as shown by a curved arrow, to and now also flows upward, wherein it partially united with the first air curtain 8.
  • the separation effect relates both to the outflow of hot air from the drying room 11 to the outside than
  • Air quantities and flow velocities of the two air curtains can be made.

Abstract

The invention relates to a drier (1) for drying objects, in particular painted vehicle bodies or add-on parts, comprising a drier chamber (11) inside a drier housing (2) in a known manner. An inner atmosphere having a temperature that is elevated relative to the outer atmosphere is present in the drier chamber. An inlet lock (7) and an outlet lock reduce the inflow of the outer atmosphere into the drier chamber (11) and the outflow of the inner atmosphere into the outer atmosphere. The inlet lock (7) comprises a first air curtain (8), which extends over the entire width of the inlet lock (7) and which runs upward, and a second air curtain (9), which is behind the first air curtain (8) in the direction of motion of the objects and which extends over the entire width of the inlet lock (7) and which runs downward. The outlet lock is designed substantially identically to the inlet lock (7), wherein however the objects first pass through an air curtain directed downward and then pass through an air curtain directed upward. The conveyor system is advantageously designed in such a way that the objects are moved continuously and at a substantially constant height through the entire drier housing (2). Said drier (1) is cheaper to produce and operate than traditional driers that use locks as A-.

Description

Trockner  dryer
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Trockner zum Trocknen The invention relates to a dryer for drying
von Gegenständen, insbesondere von lackierten Fahrzeugkarosserien oder Anbauteilen, mit a) einem Trocknergehäuse; b) einem in dem Trocknergehäuse angeordneten Trocknerraum, In dem eine Innenatmosphäre mit einer gegenüber der Außenatmosphäre erhöhten Temperatur vorliegt; c) einer Einlass- und einer Auslassschleuse, welche of objects, in particular painted vehicle bodies or attachments, with a) a dryer housing; b) a dryer space arranged in the dryer housing, in which there is an interior atmosphere with a relation to the outside atmosphere elevated temperature; c) an inlet and an outlet lock, which
das Einströmen der Außenatmosphäre in den Trockenraum und das Ausströmen der Innenatmosphäre in die Außenatmosphäre reduzieren; d) einem Fördersystem, das die Gegenstände durch die  reduce the influx of the outside atmosphere into the drying room and the outflow of the inside atmosphere into the outside atmosphere; (d) a system of conveyance through which the objects
Einlassschleuse, den Trockenraum und die Auslass- schleuse hindurchführt. Unter "Trocknen" wird hier nicht nur das Entfernen von Pass the inlet lock, the drying room and the discharge lock. Under "drying" is not only the removal of
Flüssigkeiten, insbesondere das Austreiben von Lösemitteln, oder das Vernetzen von Nasslacken sondern auch das Gelieren und das sogenannte "Einbrennen" von Pulverlacken verstanden Bei allen Trocknern ist das Ein- und Ausschleusen von Liquids, especially the expulsion of solvents, or the crosslinking of wet paints but also the gelling and the so-called "burn-in" of powder coatings understood in all dryers is the in and out of
Gegenständen in den eigentlichen Trocknerraum mit mehr oder weniger großen Energieverlusten verbunden, da sich das Einströmen von kalter Luft in den Trockenraum ebenso wenig wie das Ausströmen von heißer Innenatmosphäre aus dem Trockenraum in die Außenatmosphäre nie vollstän- dig unterbinden lässt . Bei bekannten Trocknern der ein- gans genannten Art werden sog. A-Schleusen als Einlassund Auslassschleuse verwendet. Diese A-Schleusen machen sich zunutze, dass heiße Luft leichter als kalte Luft ist und sich im oberen Bereich von geschlossenen Räumen ansammelt. Bei diesen A-Schleusen wird daher der zu trocknende Gegenstand auf einem verhältnismäßig Objects in the actual dryer room associated with more or less large energy losses, since the inflow of cold air into the drying room as well as the outflow of hot indoor atmosphere from the drying room into the outside atmosphere never fully prevents dig. In known dryers of the type mentioned at the beginning, so-called A-locks are used as inlet and outlet locks. These A-locks make use of the fact that hot air is lighter than cold air and accumulates in the upper area of closed rooms. In these A-locks, therefore, the object to be dried is relatively high
niedrigen Höhenniveau in die Schleuse eingebracht und sodann mittels einer Hubeinrichtung in die Höhe gehoben, wo sich die heiße Luft befindet, die nur in geringem Umfange durch die auf niedrigem Niveau befindliche Einlassöffnung ausströmt. In diesem höheren Niveau wird der zu trocknende Gegenstand dann im Wesentlichen horizontal in die Trocknerkammer eingebracht, die sich insgesamt in größerer Höhe befindet . Im Auslassbereich findet dann entsprechend eine Absenkbewegung der zu  introduced low level in the lock and then lifted by means of a lifting device in the air, where the hot air is, which flows only to a small extent through the inlet port located at a low level. At this higher level, the object to be dried is then introduced substantially horizontally into the dryer chamber, which is altogether at a greater height. In the outlet area, a lowering movement accordingly takes place
trocknenden Gegenstände auf ein niedrigeres Niveau statt, auf dem dann auch die Auslassöffnung der Auslassschleuse liegt .  drying objects to a lower level, on which then also the outlet opening of the outlet lock.
Nachteilig bei diesen bekannten, mit A-Schleusen arbeitenden Trocknern ist, dass Hubeinrichtungen erforderlich sind, welche einen erhöhten apparativen Aufwand darstellen. Nachteilig ist ferner, dass ein kontinuierlicher Durchlauf der zu trocknenden Gegenstände nicht möglich sondern durch die beiden Vertikalbewegungen in der Einlass- und der A disadvantage of these known, working with A-locks dryers that lifting devices are required, which represent an increased expenditure on equipment. A further disadvantage is that a continuous passage of the objects to be dried is not possible but by the two vertical movements in the inlet and the
Auslassschleuse unterbrochen ist . Dies reduziert den Outlet lock is interrupted. This reduces that
Durchsatz, der mit den Trocknern erreichbar ist. Schließlich ist auch der große Platzbedarf in der Bauhöhe, der mit den A-Schleusen verbunden ist, als Nachteil erwähnenswert . Throughput achievable with the dryers. Finally, the large footprint in the height, which is connected to the A-locks, as a disadvantage worth mentioning.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, einen Trock ner der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, der kosten günstig ist und gleichwohl hohe Durchsätze ermöglicht. Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass die Einlassschleuse umfasst: ea) einen sich über die gesamte Breite der Einlassschleuse erstreckenden, von unten nach oben verlaufenden ersten Luftvorhang; eb) in Bewegungsrichtung der Gegenstände hinter Object of the present invention is to provide a Trock ner of the type mentioned, the cost is low and nevertheless high throughputs possible. This object is achieved according to the invention in that the inlet lock comprises: ea) a first air curtain extending over the entire width of the inlet lock and running from bottom to top; eb) behind in the direction of movement of the objects
dem ersten Luftvorhang einen zweiten, sich übe die gesamte Breite der Einlassschleuse erstrek kenden, von oben nach unten verlaufenden Luft- vorhang; die Auslassschleuse im Wesentlichen identisch mit der Einlassschleuse ausgebildet ist, wobei jedoch die Gegenstände zuerst einen von oben nach unten gerichteten und dann einen von unten nach oben gerichteten Luftvorhang durchlaufen.  the first air curtain, a second air curtain extending over the entire width of the inlet lock, running from top to bottom; the outlet lock is substantially identical to the inlet lock, but with the articles passing first through an air curtain directed from top to bottom and then from bottom to top.
Aufgrund der doppelten, gegensinnig strömenden Luftvorhänge, die erfindungsgemäß in den Schleusen eingesetzt werden, kann das Einströmen von Kaltluft in den Trocken- räum und das Ausströmen von heißer Innenatmosphäre in die Außenatmosphäre sehr weitgehend reduziert werden, ohne dass auf die unterschiedlichen Dichten kalter und heißer Luft rekurriert werden müsste und die Gegenstände hierzu Vertikalbewegungen durchführen müssten. Es ist einleuchtend, dass hierdurch der Kostenaufwand, der in den Schleusen anfällt, gegenüber A-Schleusen erheblich reduziert ist. Ebenso einleuchtend ist, dass sich wegen des Wegfalls der Vertikalbewegungen der Durchsatz durch den erfindungsgemäßen Trockner gegenüber dem Stande der Technik erhöhen lässt . Vorteilhafterweise sind die die Luftvorhänge erzeugenden Düseneinrichtungen in ihrer Richtungscharakteristik und/oder Drosselwirkung einstellbar. Auf diese Weise könen die Luftvorhänge sowohl in ihrer geometrischen Due to the double counter-rotating air curtains, which are used according to the invention in the locks, the influx of cold air into the dry space and the outflow of hot inner atmosphere into the outside atmosphere can be very largely reduced without affecting the different densities of cold and hot air would have to be recurred and the objects would have to perform this vertical movements. It is obvious that this means that the costs incurred in the locks, compared to A locks is significantly reduced. It is also evident that, due to the omission of the vertical movements, the throughput through the dryer according to the invention can be increased compared with the prior art. Advantageously, the nozzle devices which produce the air curtains are adjustable in their directional characteristic and / or throttling action. In this way, the air curtains can both in their geometric
Ausprägung, beispielsweise in der Divergenz, als auch in der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit an die zu trocknenden Gegenstände bzw. deren zu trocknenden Beschichtungen angepasst werden. Expression, for example, in the divergence, as well as in the flow rate of the objects to be dried or their coatings to be dried are adjusted.
Die die Luftvorhänge erzeugenden Düseneinrichtungen umfassen zweckmäßigerweise eine Mehrzahl von in Bewegungsrichtung der Gegenstände hintereinander angeordneten Düsenreihen oder Schlitzdüsen. Auf diese The nozzle devices which produce the air curtains expediently comprise a plurality of nozzle rows or slot nozzles arranged one behind the other in the direction of movement of the articles. To this
Weise lassen sich Luftvorhänge erzeugen, die in Bewegungsrichtung der Gegenstände eine ausreichende In this way, air curtains can be produced which provide adequate movement in the direction of movement of the objects
Ausdehnung aufweisen, um die gewünschte Trennwirkung zwischen der Außen- und der Innenatmosphäre zu erzeugen. Bevorzugt wird, dass die die Luftvorhänge bildenden Have expansion to produce the desired separation effect between the outside and the inside atmosphere. It is preferred that the air curtains forming
Luftströme mit Hilfe mindestens eines Ventilators im Air flows by means of at least one fan in the
Kreise führbar sind. Auf diese Weise bleibt der Lufthaushalt innerhalb des Trockners von den Luftvorhängen im Wesentlichen unbeeinflusst . Circles are feasible. In this way, the air budget within the dryer remains substantially unaffected by the air curtains.
Im Kreislauf der die Vorhänge bildenden Luft kann In the cycle of the curtains forming air can
eine Heizeinrichtung, insbesondere ein Wärmetauscher, angeordnet sein. Auf diese Weise können die Luftvorhänge auf eine gewünschte Temperatur gebracht werden, die im Allgemeinen zwischen der Temperatur der Außenatmosphäre und der Temperatur der Innenatmosphäre liegen wird. a heating device, in particular a heat exchanger, be arranged. In this way, the air curtains can be brought to a desired temperature, which will generally be between the temperature of the outside atmosphere and the temperature of the inside atmosphere.
Das Verhältnis der Größen der in den beiden Luftvor hängen fließenden Luftströme ist bei einer zweckmäßigen Ausführungsform der Erfindung einstellbar. Je nach Art der trocknenden Gegenstände bzw. der zu trocknenden Beschichtung kann es günstiger sein, wenn die im ersten Luftvorhang strömende Luftmenge größer als diejenige im zweiten Luftvorhang ist, oder umgekehrt. Was diesbezüglich besser ist, kann im Einzelfall durch einfache Versuche ermittelt werden. The ratio of the sizes of the hang in the two Luftvor flowing air streams is adjustable in an expedient embodiment of the invention. ever According to the nature of the drying objects or the coating to be dried, it may be cheaper if the amount of air flowing in the first air curtain is greater than that in the second air curtain, or vice versa. What is better in this respect can be determined in individual cases by simple experiments.
Die Vorteile, die mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Trockner verbunden sind, treten insbesondere bei derjenigen Aus- führungsform zutage, bei welcher das Fördersystem durch das gesamte Trocknergehäuse hindurch dasselbe ist und die Gegenstände auf im Wesentlichen konstanter Höhe kontinuierlich befördert. Es wird also anders als bei bekannten, mit A-Schleusen arbeitenden Trocknern kein Umsetzen innerhalb des Trockners von einem Fördersystem auf das andere erforderlich. Dies erspart zum einen Kosten im apparativen Aufwand und zum anderen Zeit, die sonst mit dem Umsetzen der Gegenstände von Fördersystem zu Fördersystem verbunden wäre. The advantages associated with the dryer according to the invention are particularly evident in that embodiment in which the conveyor system is the same throughout the dryer housing and continuously conveys the articles at a substantially constant height. Thus, unlike known dryers operating with A-locks, no transfer within the dryer from one delivery system to the other is required. This saves on the one hand costs in terms of equipment and at the same time, which would otherwise be associated with the implementation of the objects of conveyor system to conveyor system.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert; die einzige Figur zeigt im Vertikalschnitt schematisch den Eingangsbereich eines Durchlauftrockners . An embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing; the single figure shows in vertical section schematically the entrance area of a continuous dryer.
Der insgesamt mit dem Bezugszeichen 1 gekennzeichnende und nur im Eingangsbereich dargestellte Durchlauftrockner ist zur Trocknung von Anbauteilen von Fahrzeugkaros- serien bestimmt, die mit Hilfe eines nicht dargestellten Hängeförderers kontinuierlich durch den Durchlauftrockner 1 transportiert werden. Auf die Art der Gegenstände und die Art des Fördersystemes kommt es im vorliegenden The continuous dryer designated as a whole by the reference numeral 1 and shown only in the entrance area is intended for drying attachments of vehicle bodies, which are continuously transported through the continuous drier 1 by means of an overhead conveyor (not shown). On the type of objects and the type of conveyor system it comes in the present
Zusammenhang jedoch nicht an. Der Durchlauftrockner 1 umfasst ein Trocknergehäuse 2, das zur Vermeidung von Wärmeverlusten thermisch iso¬ liert ist. Das Trocknergehäuse 2 besitzt an seinem in der Zeichnung linken Ende eine Einlassöffnung 3, durch welche die Anbauteile zunächst in einen Vorraum 4 einge- bracht werden. Von dort gelangen sie über eine Öffnung 5 in einer Zwischenwand 6, deren oberer Bereich 6a in nachfolgend beschriebener Weise als Schott zur Luftführung dient, in eine Schleuse 7. Entlang des weiteren Bewegungsweges durchlaufen die But not connected. The continuous dryer 1 comprises a dryer housing 2, which is to avoid heat losses iso ¬ thermal profiled. The dryer housing 2 has at its left end in the drawing an inlet opening 3, through which the attachments are first introduced into an anteroom 4 introduced. From there they pass through an opening 5 in an intermediate wall 6, whose upper portion 6a serves as a bulkhead for air guidance in the manner described below, in a lock 7. Along the further movement path through the
Anbauteile einen ersten Luftvorhang 8, der von unten nach oben gerichtet ist, sowie einen zweiten Luftvorhang 9, der entgegengesetzt, also von oben nach unten strömt. Aus der Schleuse 7 treten die Anbauteile dann unter einem weiteren Schott 10 hindurch in den eigentlichen Trocknerraum 11 ein. Im Trocknerraum 11 herrscht zur Trocknung des Lackes auf den Anbauteilen eine Temperatur bis etwa 250°C, wie dies dem Fachmann bekannt ist. Die Anbauteile durchlaufen nunmehr den Trockenraum 11; die Verweilzeit in diesem ist so lange, dass der Trockenvorgang beim  Attachments a first air curtain 8, which is directed from bottom to top, and a second air curtain 9, the opposite, that flows from top to bottom. From the lock 7, the add-on parts then pass under a further bulkhead 10 into the actual dryer space 11. In the drying room 11 prevails to dry the paint on the attachments a temperature up to about 250 ° C, as is known in the art. The attachments now pass through the drying room 11; the residence time in this is so long that the drying process at
Austritt aus dem Trockenraum 11 abgeschlossen ist. Es schließt sich dann eine Auslassschleuse an, die spiegelsymmetrisch der oben beschriebenen Einlassschleuse 7 entspricht. D. h. , die Anbauteile gelangen unter einem weiteren Schott hindurch zunächst in einen von oben nach unten strömenden Luftvorhang, sodann in einen von unten nach oben strömenden Luftvorhang und schließlich unter einem weiteren Schott hindurch in einen Auslassraum, der dem oben erwähnten Vorraum 4 entspricht. Über eine Aus- lassöffnung, entsprechend der Einlassöffnung 3 verlassen die Anbauteile dann den Durchlauftrockner 1 und werden einer weiteren Behandlung oder Bearbeitung zugeführt . Exit from the drying room 11 is completed. This is followed by an outlet lock, which corresponds mirror-symmetrically to the inlet lock 7 described above. Ie. , The add-on parts pass under a further bulkhead first in an air curtain flowing from top to bottom, then in an air curtain flowing from the bottom up and finally under another bulkhead into an outlet space which corresponds to the antechamber 4 mentioned above. Via an outlet opening, corresponding to the inlet opening 3, the add-on parts then leave the continuous drier 1 and are sent for further treatment or processing.
Die beiden Luftvorhänge 8, 9 (und entsprechend die bei- den Luftvorhänge im Auslassbereich) werden in folgender Weise erzeugt: The two air curtains 8, 9 (and correspondingly the two air curtains in the outlet area) are described below Way generates:
Unterhalb der Schleuse 7 ist im Trocknergehäuse 2 des Durchlauftrockners 1 ein Luftkanal 12 ausgebildet. In der Deckwand dieses Luftkanales 12 befindet sich eine Düsenanordnung 13, die aus mehreren, in Bewegungsrichtung der Anbauteile hintereinander angeordneten Düsenreihen oder Schlitzdüsen zusammengesetzt ist. Die Düsenanordnung Below the lock 7, an air channel 12 is formed in the dryer housing 2 of the continuous dryer 1. In the top wall of this air channel 12 is a nozzle assembly 13, which is composed of several, in the direction of movement of the attachments successively arranged nozzle rows or slot dies. The nozzle arrangement
13 erstreckt sich über die gesamte Breite der Schleuse 7 und ist in bekannter Weise so ausgestaltet, dass die Richtung der ausströmenden Luft ebenso wie die Drossel - Wirkung einstellbar sind.  13 extends over the entire width of the lock 7 and is designed in a known manner so that the direction of the outflowing air as well as the throttle - action are adjustable.
In der Decke des Einlassbereiches 7 ist, gegenüber der Düseneinrichtung 13 in Richtung auf den Trockenraum 11 versetzt, eine weitere Düseneinrichtung 14 angebracht. In the ceiling of the inlet region 7, relative to the nozzle device 13 offset in the direction of the drying space 11, a further nozzle device 14 is attached.
Die Düseneinrichtung 14 umfasst ebenfalls mehrere, in The nozzle device 14 also comprises several, in
Bewegungsrichtung der Anbauteile hintereinander angeordnete Düsenreihen oder Schlitzdüsen; die austretende Luft lässt sich auch hier in ihrer Richtung und in ihrer Austrittsgeschwindigkeit einstellen. Direction of movement of the attachments successively arranged nozzle rows or slot nozzles; the escaping air can also be adjusted here in their direction and in their exit velocity.
Oberhalb der ersten Düsenanordnung 13 befindet sich Above the first nozzle assembly 13 is located
in der Decke der Schleuse 7 eine Auslassöffnung 15, die durch einen Schieber 16 mehr oder weniger verschlossen werden kann. Ein Ventilator 17, dessen Drehzahl und damit Förderleistung veränderlich sein kann, saugt Luft über die Öffnung 15 und einen Zwischenraum 18 an und drückt diese in einen Luftkanal 19 ein, der über der Decke der Schleuse 7 angeordnet ist. Die Luft passiert sodann einen Wärmetauscher 20, in dem sie auf eine höhere Temperatur erwärmt werden kann und wird sodann in folgender Weise verteilt: Wie schematisch den Pfeilen in der Zeichnung zu entnehmen ist, kann ein Teil dieser Luft über eine in the ceiling of the lock 7 an outlet opening 15 which can be more or less closed by a slide 16. A fan 17, the speed and thus flow rate can be variable, sucks air through the opening 15 and a gap 18 and pushes them into an air duct 19, which is arranged above the ceiling of the lock 7. The air then passes through a heat exchanger 20, in which it can be heated to a higher temperature and is then distributed in the following manner: As can be seen schematically from the arrows in the drawing, a part of this air over a
Drosselklappe 21 in die Außenatmosphäre abgegeben werden. Ein weiterer Teil der Luft wird über eine Drosselkappe 22 der ersten Düseneinrichtung 13 zugeführt. Ein dritter Teil der Luft schließlich gelangt über eine weitere Throttle 21 are discharged into the outside atmosphere. Another part of the air is supplied via a throttle cap 22 of the first nozzle device 13. A third part of the air finally passes over another
Drosselklappe 23 zur zweiten Düseneinrichtung 14. Ein Schieber 24 ist in der Lage, eine Öffnung 25 in einer Seitenwand des Zwischenraumes 18 mehr oder weniger zu verschließen und ermöglicht so einen By-Pass zum Durchlauf der Luft durch die beiden Düseneinrichtungen 13 und 14, wenn hierfür ein Bedarf gegeben ist . Throttle 23 to the second nozzle means 14. A slider 24 is capable of more or less closing an opening 25 in a side wall of the space 18, thus allowing a by-pass to pass the air through the two nozzle means 13 and 14, if so a need is given.
Die Funktionsweise des oben beschriebenen Durchlauftrockners 1 im Einlaufbereich ist wie folgt: The operation of the above-described continuous dryer 1 in the inlet area is as follows:
Zum Betrieb wird mit Hilfe der ersten Düseneinrich- tung 13 der erste Luftvorhang 8 so eingerichtet, dass er mit einem möglichst kleinen Öffnungswinkel nach oben strömt. Das Schott 6a verhindert dabei einen Austritt des Luftvorhanges 8 in der Zeichnung nach links zum Vorhang 4 hin. Mit Hilfe der Düseneinrichtung 13 kann die Mittel- ebene des Luftvorhangs 8 auch leicht gegen die Vertikale schräg gestellt werden. Die den ersten Luftvorhang 8 bildende Luft wird über die Auslassöffnung 15 und den Zwischenraum 18 durch den Ventilator 17 angesaugt und in den Luftkanal 19 gedrückt, durch den Wärmetauscher 20 erwärmt und schließlich mit Hilfe der drei Drosselventile 21, 22, 23 aufgeteilt. Eine Abgabe an die Außenatmosphäre über das erste Drosselventil 21 erfolgt nur ausnahmsweise, wenn dies für den Lufthaushalt des Durchlauftrockners 1 erforderlich ist. Die Aufteilung der Luft auf die bei- den Düseneinrichtungen 13 und 14 mit Hilfe der beiden Drosselventile 22, 23 ist normalerweise so, dass die Luftmenge in den beiden Luftvorhängen 8, 9 dieselbe ist. Abweichungen hiervon sind jedoch bei Bedarf möglich. Die zweite Düseneinrichtung 14 wird ebenfalls so einge- stellt, dass der Luftvorhang nach unten möglichst wenig divergiert, insbesondere so, dass sich die beiden Luftvor¬ hänge 8, 9 nicht in nennenswertem Umfange überlappen. For operation, the first air curtain 8 is set up with the aid of the first nozzle device 13 in such a way that it flows upwards with the smallest possible opening angle. The bulkhead 6a prevents leakage of the air curtain 8 in the drawing to the left to the curtain 4 out. With the help of the nozzle device 13, the middle plane of the air curtain 8 can also be made slightly inclined to the vertical. The air forming the first air curtain 8 is sucked in via the outlet opening 15 and the gap 18 by the fan 17 and pressed into the air duct 19, heated by the heat exchanger 20 and finally divided by means of the three throttle valves 21, 22, 23. A release to the outside atmosphere via the first throttle valve 21 takes place only exceptionally, if this is necessary for the air budget of the continuous dryer 1. The distribution of the air to the two nozzle devices 13 and 14 by means of the two throttle valves 22, 23 is normally such that the amount of air in the two air curtains 8, 9 is the same. Deviations from this, however, are possible if required. The second nozzle device 14 is likewise set in this way. represents that the air curtain diverges down as little as possible, in particular so that the two Luftvor ¬ pendants 8, 9 do not overlap to any appreciable extent.
Darüber hinaus wird mit Hilfe der zweiten Düseneinrichtung 14 der zweite Luftvorhang 9 so gedrosselt, dass er nicht bis zum Boden der Schleuse 7 reicht. Vielmehr kehrt die Luft im unteren Bereich der Schleuse 7, wie durch einen gekrümmten Pfeil dargestellt, um und strömt nunmehr ebenfalls nach oben, wobei sie sich teilweise mit dem ersten Luftvorhang 8 vereinigt. In addition, with the aid of the second nozzle device 14, the second air curtain 9 is throttled so that it does not extend to the bottom of the lock 7. Rather, the air in the lower region of the lock 7, as shown by a curved arrow, to and now also flows upward, wherein it partially united with the first air curtain 8.
Durch die beiden Luftvorhänge 8, 9, die in der oben beschriebenen Weise betrieben werden, lässt sich eine erstaunlich gute Trennung der im Trockenraum 11 herr- sehenden Innenatmosphäre von der außerhalb des Trocknergehäuses 2 herrschenden Umgebungsatmosphäre erzielen. By means of the two air curtains 8, 9, which are operated in the manner described above, an astonishingly good separation of the interior atmosphere prevailing in the drying room 11 from the ambient atmosphere prevailing outside the dryer housing 2 can be achieved.
Dies, obwohl die gesamte Einlassöffnung 3 offensteht. This, although the entire inlet opening 3 is open.
Die Trennwirkung betrifft sowohl das Ausströmen von heißer Luft aus dem Trockenraum 11 nach außen als The separation effect relates both to the outflow of hot air from the drying room 11 to the outside than
auch das Einströmen von Umgebungsluft in den Trockenraum 11 hinein. Dabei wird gleichzeitig für einen effektiven Schutz vor Verunreinigungen im Trockenraum 11 gesorgt . Die Betriebsweise der nicht dargestellten Auslassschleuse entspricht im Wesentlichen der oben beschriebenen Betriebsweise der Einlassschleuse 7, wobei selbstverständlich in gewissem Umfange Anpassungen in den also the inflow of ambient air into the drying room 11 inside. At the same time an effective protection against contamination in the drying room 11 is provided. The operation of the outlet lock, not shown, substantially corresponds to the above-described operation of the inlet lock 7, wherein, of course, to some extent adjustments in the
Luftmengen und Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten der beiden dortigen Luftvorhänge vorgenommen werden können. Air quantities and flow velocities of the two air curtains can be made.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Trockner zum Trocknen von Gegenständen, insbesondere von lackierten Fahrzeugkarosserien oder Anbauteilen, mit a) einem Trocknergehäuse; b) einem im Trocknergehäuse angeordneten Trocknerraum, in dem eine Innenatmosphäre mit einer gegenüber der Außenatmosphäre erhöhten Temperatur vorliegt; c) einer Einlass- und einer Auslassschleuse, welche das Einströmen der Außenatmoshäre in den Trocknerraum und das Ausströmen von Innenatmosphäre in dieA dryer for drying articles, especially painted vehicle bodies or attachments, comprising: a) a dryer housing; b) a dryer space arranged in the dryer, in which an inner atmosphere is present with a relation to the outside atmosphere elevated temperature; c) an inlet and an outlet sluice, which the influx of Außenatmoshäre into the dryer room and the outflow of internal atmosphere in the
Außenatmoshäre reduzieren; d) einem Fördersystem, das die Gegenstände durch die Einlassschleuse, den Trocknerraum und die Auslassschleuse hindurchführt; dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass e) die Einlassschleuse (7) umfasst : ea) einen sich über die gesamte Breite der Einlassschleuse (7) erstreckenden, von unten nach oben verlaufenden ersten Luftvorhang (8) ; eb) in Bewegungsrichtung der Gegenstände hinter dem ersten Luftvorhang (8) einen zweiten, sich über die gesamte Breite der Einlassschleuse (7) erstreckenden, von oben nach unten verlaufenden Luftvorhang (9) ; f ) die Auslassschleuse im Wesentlichen identisch mit Reduce external atmosphere; d) a conveyor system which passes the articles through the inlet lock, the dryer room and the outlet lock; characterized in that e) the inlet lock (7) comprises: ea) a first air curtain (8) extending over the entire width of the inlet lock (7) and running from bottom to top; eb) in the direction of movement of the objects behind the first air curtain (8) has a second, extending over the entire width of the inlet lock (7) extending from top to bottom air curtain (9); f) the outlet lock substantially identical to
der Einlassschleuse (7) ausgebildet ist, wobei jedoch die Gegenstände zuerst einen von oben nach unten gerichteten und dann einen von unten nach oben gerichteten Luftvorhang durchlaufen.  the inlet lock (7) is formed, however, wherein the objects first pass through a directed from top to bottom and then a bottom-up air curtain.
2. Trockner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, 2. Dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that
dass die die Luftvorhänge (8, 9) erzeugenden Düseneinrichtungen (3, 14) in ihrer Richtungscharakteristik und/oder Drosselwirkung einstellbar sind.  in that the nozzle devices (3, 14) generating the air curtains (8, 9) are adjustable in their directional characteristic and / or throttling action.
3. Trockner nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die die Luftvorhänge (8, 9) erzeugenden Düseneinrichtungen (13, 14) eine Mehrzahl von in Bewegungsrichtung der Gegenstände hinterein- ander angeordneten Düsenreihen oder Schlitzdüsen umfassen . 3. Dryer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the air curtains (8, 9) generating nozzle means (13, 14) comprise a plurality of in the direction of movement of the articles successively arranged rows of nozzles or slot nozzles.
4. Trockner nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 4. Dryer according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die die Luftvorhänge (8, 9) bildenden Luftströme mit Hilfe mindestens eines Ventilators (17) im Kreise führbar sind.  characterized in that the air curtains (8, 9) forming air streams by means of at least one fan (17) are feasible in circles.
5. Trockner nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, 5. Dryer according to claim 4, characterized
dass im Kreislauf der die Luuftvorhänge (8, 9) bilden- den Luft eine Heizeinrichtung (20) , insbesondere ein  that in the cycle of the air curtains (8, 9) forming the air, a heating device (20), in particular a
Wärmetauscher, angeordnet ist. Heat exchanger is arranged.
6. Trockner nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 6. Dryer according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verhältnis der  characterized in that the ratio of
Größen der in den beiden Luftvorhängen (8, 9) flie- ßenden Luftströme einstellbar ist. Sizes of the two air curtains (8, 9) ßenden air flows is adjustable.
7. Trockner nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Fördersystem durch das gesamte Trocknergehäuse (2) hindurch dasselbe ist und die Gegenstände auf im Wesentlichen konstanter Höhe kontinuierlich befördert. 7. Dryer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conveyor system throughout the dryer housing (2) is the same and continuously conveys the articles at a substantially constant height.
EP11725339.3A 2010-06-23 2011-06-09 Drier Not-in-force EP2585779B1 (en)

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DE102010024840.1A DE102010024840B4 (en) 2010-06-23 2010-06-23 dryer
PCT/EP2011/002831 WO2011160778A1 (en) 2010-06-23 2011-06-09 Drier

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EP2585779B1 EP2585779B1 (en) 2019-05-22

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WO (1) WO2011160778A1 (en)

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CN103038591A (en) 2013-04-10
WO2011160778A1 (en) 2011-12-29
EP2585779B1 (en) 2019-05-22
US9322594B2 (en) 2016-04-26
DE102010024840A1 (en) 2011-12-29
US20130167395A1 (en) 2013-07-04
CN103038591B (en) 2015-01-07
DE102010024840B4 (en) 2016-09-22

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