EP1024336B1 - Drying plant - Google Patents

Drying plant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1024336B1
EP1024336B1 EP00890021A EP00890021A EP1024336B1 EP 1024336 B1 EP1024336 B1 EP 1024336B1 EP 00890021 A EP00890021 A EP 00890021A EP 00890021 A EP00890021 A EP 00890021A EP 1024336 B1 EP1024336 B1 EP 1024336B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
air
drying
air passage
ventilator
fan
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EP00890021A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1024336A2 (en
EP1024336A3 (en
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Theodor Vanicek
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • F26B21/022—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure with provisions for changing the drying gas flow pattern, e.g. by reversing gas flow, by moving the materials or objects through subsequent compartments, at least two of which have a different direction of gas flow
    • F26B21/026—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure with provisions for changing the drying gas flow pattern, e.g. by reversing gas flow, by moving the materials or objects through subsequent compartments, at least two of which have a different direction of gas flow by reversing fan rotation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drying plant with a drying chamber, in which a drying space is defined for to be dried Good, arranged in the drying chamber fan or a fan group, at least one air passage communicating between the interior of the drying chamber and its external environment, and at least one reversal Air passage communicating between the interior of the drying chamber and its outside environment, wherein in the drying chamber, an air circulation path is formed, which leads from one side of the fan or the fan group through the drying space and back to the other side of the fan or the fan group , Wherein both the at least one air passage and the at least one reverse air passage at the same, extending between the drying room and fan or fan group portion of the air circulation path are arranged, wherein between the fan or Fan group and drying space is disposed a false ceiling or partition and the at least one air passage and the at least one reverse air passage are mounted above the false ceiling, and wherein in the air circulation path, a heating coil is arranged, which communicates with the at least one air passage or the at least one reverse air passage ,
  • a drying plant of this type is specified in EP 0 017 665 A for the rhythmic drying of ceramic moldings, wherein a fan carriage in aisles of a drying room next Trocknungsgut #2n arranged movable and provided in the drying room above the Trocknungsgut #2n an air duct ceiling.
  • the drying air is forcibly passed through the material to be dried before it passes through a return duct to circulation fans.
  • a Zuluft- and an exhaust duct are provided outside the return duct, which communicate via provided in the ceiling of the drying chamber openings with the ventilation cross-section.
  • a heating coil is arranged between the supply air and the exhaust air opening.
  • EP 0 430 910 A1 discloses a hot-air cell drying plant in which an intermediate ceiling for forced guidance of the drying air is likewise embodied.
  • an intermediate ceiling for forced guidance of the drying air is likewise embodied.
  • the known drying plant consists of a generally designated 101 drying chamber, in which a drying space 102 is defined for to be dried Good, which may be in this good to stackable goods, such as the illustrated wooden boards stack 103, or else bulk goods.
  • a fan 104 is arranged under the ceiling of the drying chamber, which is separated by a false ceiling 105 from the drying space 102.
  • two air passages 106, 107 are formed in the roof of the drying chamber, of which - depending on the conveying direction of the fan - each acts as a fresh air inlet and the other as an exhaust outlet.
  • one or more heating coils 108 are provided for heating the circulating air flow in the drying chamber, extending from the left edge of the false ceiling 105 to a side wall of the drying chamber, with heating coils also on the other side could also be located in the false ceiling in front of or behind the fan. Due to the illustrated arrangement of the fan under the ceiling with an underlying false ceiling, which separates the fan from the drying room, but the false ceiling does not extend over the entire ceiling surface, an air circulation path is formed in the drying chamber, starting from one side of the fan above the Temporary ceiling along, through the heating coil into the drying room and across it through to an opening 109 between an end edge of the false ceiling and a side wall up and back to the fan extends. The opening and closing of the flaps 106, 107 takes place automatically via a control and regulating device as a function of climate, air speed or wood moisture change.
  • This forced air circulation in the drying chamber by means of a fan is therefore expedient so that the material to be dried can release more water vapor by not always supplied with steam saturated air, which in addition to the circulation makes a fresh air supply to the drying chamber and an exhaust air removal from the drying chamber necessary.
  • the air flow rate is adjusted depending on the type and condition of the material to be dried.
  • an air flow D is generated by the fan, which is directed to the right in the drawing. Part of this air flow D is expelled from the drying chamber 101 as exhaust air D1 through the air passage 107, which now acts as an outlet. The remaining part D2 of the air flow flows through the opening 109 down into the drying room 102, whereupon it flows through the board stack 103. After the airflow has passed through the stack of boards, it is sucked upwardly through the heating register 108 (arrow D3) and heated as needed by the heating register under control of a control and regulating device. Subsequently, the heated air stream D3 mixes with cold fresh air D4, which is sucked by the fan from the air passage 106, which acts as an inlet.
  • the humid air flow D3 is first heated, then mixed with cool fresh air D4 and ejected as exhaust D1 from the passage 107 before the rest D2 of the heated air flow with the zu drying good comes into contact, ie even a part of the heating energy is lost unused.
  • the present invention aims to considerably improve the efficiency and / or energy consumption of a drying plant explained in the introduction.
  • This object is achieved in that between the at least one air passage and the at least one reverse air passage at least one projecting into the air circulation path partition wall is formed, which dividing wall defines one side of the heating register, and that the intermediate ceiling defines another side of the heating register, wherein the Heating register extends in the plane of the false ceiling from an edge of the false ceiling to the partition wall.
  • the modification according to the invention it is possible that the fresh air is sucked in without mixing with the exhaust air and ensures that the heated air passes through the material to be dried, without being partially expelled previously with the exhaust air.
  • moist air is not warmed up and immediately thereafter blown into the open, but in efficiency and energietsverêtnder the humid air is blown into the open air and independently sucked fresh air and heated and then blown through the dry material.
  • air passage and reverse air passage express that in the operation of the drying plant, these passages are flowed in opposite directions, i. one acts as an inlet and the other as an outlet.
  • the separating wall projecting into the air circulation path between the at least one air passage and the at least one return air passage is formed. This poses By suitable dimensioning ensures that build up in the drying plant, the appropriate pressure and negative pressure conditions, being sucked in by the negative pressure, the fresh air and the exhaust air is discharged by overpressure.
  • a heating coil is arranged, which communicates with the at least one air passage or the at least one reverse air passage.
  • the heater is conveniently designed so that a desired pressure difference occurs on its two sides when it comes into contact with air. This effect is reinforced by the partition wall defining at least one side of the heating register.
  • An aerodynamically favorable air circulation path results from the fact that an intermediate ceiling or intermediate wall is arranged between fan or fan group and drying space.
  • This intermediate ceiling or intermediate wall may advantageously limit at least one side of the heating register, wherein it may also be below the drying material or laterally thereof.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 The embodiment of a drying installation according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a further development of the installation of the prior art shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the same or similar parts are therefore shown with the same reference numerals, each reduced by 100 shown. A more detailed explanation of these parts can be omitted, and it is instead made to the description above.
  • the drying plant according to the invention consists of a generally designated 1 drying chamber in which a drying space 2 is defined for to be dried Good, such as wooden boards 3.
  • a fan 4 is arranged under the ceiling of the drying chamber, by a False ceiling 5 is separated from the drying room 2.
  • a fan it is also possible to provide a group of fans, which are arranged next to one another or one above the other, for example.
  • the fans can be axial or radial fans.
  • two adjacent air passages 6, 7 are formed in the roof of the drying chamber, of which - depending on the conveying direction of the fan - each acts as a fresh air inlet and the other as an exhaust outlet.
  • a downward Partition 11 separates the openings of the passages from each other and forms a branch for the air circulation path.
  • Each air passage may conveniently be closed selectively or together with others by butterfly valves 12.
  • a heating register 8 is provided for heating the circulating in the drying chamber air flow, which extends from the right edge of the false ceiling 5 to the partition wall 11.
  • the false ceiling 5 is not quite enough to the left side wall of the drying chamber 1, but leaves an opening 9 free, can flow through the air.
  • the chosen size of the opening depends on factors such as the wood dimension, the stacking slats, the pile height and number and the type of wood. So that the air can flow through the material to be dried, but not above it, an apron 10 hangs down from the false ceiling 5.
  • an air circulation path is formed in the drying chamber, which proceeds from one side of the fan along the intermediate ceiling through the heating coil into the drying room and across it then through the opening 9 upwards and back to the fan again.
  • the flaps and / or heating register can be arranged on both sides in the same Funigon principle.

Abstract

The drying plant incorporates a drying chamber (1) containing a ventilator (4), at least one air-passage and reverse air passage (6,7) are between an inner compartment (2) of the drying chamber, and its outer environment. An air circulation path in the drying chamber leads from one side of the ventilator through the drying compartment and back to the other side of the ventilator. A partition (11) protruding into the air circulation path is between the two air passages. A damper register (8) is connected to at least one air passage.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Trocknungsanlage mit einer Trocknungskammer, in der ein Trocknungsraum für zu trocknendes Gut definiert ist, einem in der Trocknungskammer angeordneten Ventilator bzw. einer Ventilatorgruppe, mindestens einem Luftdurchlaß, der zwischen dem Innenraum der Trocknungskammer und deren Außenumgebung kommuniziert, und mindestens einem Umkehr-Luftdurchlaß, der zwischen dem Innenraum der Trocknungskammer und deren Außenumgebung kommuniziert, wobei in der Trocknungskammer ein Luftzirkulationspfad ausgebildet ist, der von einer Seite des Ventilators bzw. der Ventilatorgruppe ausgehend durch den Trocknungsraum hindurch und zurück zur anderen Seite des Ventilators bzw. der Ventilatorgruppe führt, wobei sowohl der mindestens eine Luftdurchlaß als auch der mindestens eine Umkehr-Luftdurchlaß an demselben, zwischen Trocknungsraum und Ventilator bzw. Ventilatorgruppe verlaufenden Teilabschnitt des Luftzirkulationspfads angeordnet sind, wobei zwischen Ventilator bzw. Ventilatorgruppe und Trocknungsraum eine Zwischendecke oder Zwischenwand angeordnet ist und der mindestens eine Luftdurchlaß sowie der mindestens eine Umkehr-Luftdurchlaß oberhalb der Zwischendecke angebracht sind, und wobei im Luftzirkulationspfad ein Heizregister angeordnet ist, das mit dem mindestens einen Luftdurchlaß oder dem mindestens einen Umkehr-luftdurchlaß kommuniziert.The invention relates to a drying plant with a drying chamber, in which a drying space is defined for to be dried Good, arranged in the drying chamber fan or a fan group, at least one air passage communicating between the interior of the drying chamber and its external environment, and at least one reversal Air passage communicating between the interior of the drying chamber and its outside environment, wherein in the drying chamber, an air circulation path is formed, which leads from one side of the fan or the fan group through the drying space and back to the other side of the fan or the fan group , Wherein both the at least one air passage and the at least one reverse air passage at the same, extending between the drying room and fan or fan group portion of the air circulation path are arranged, wherein between the fan or Fan group and drying space is disposed a false ceiling or partition and the at least one air passage and the at least one reverse air passage are mounted above the false ceiling, and wherein in the air circulation path, a heating coil is arranged, which communicates with the at least one air passage or the at least one reverse air passage ,

Eine Trocknungsanlage dieser Art ist in der EP 0 017 665 A zum rhythmischen Trocknen von keramischen Formlingen angegeben, wobei ein Lüfterwagen in Gängen eines Trocknungsraumes neben Trocknungsgutreihen verfahrbar angeordnet und im Trocknungsraum oberhalb der Trocknungsgutreihen eine Luftführungsdecke vorgesehen ist. Dadurch wird die Trocknungsluft zwangsweise durch das Trocknungsgut geführt, bevor sie durch einen Rückführungskanal wieder zu Umwälzventilatoren gelangt. In Fig.3 dieses Dokuments sind außerhalb des Rückführungskanals ein Zuluft- und ein Abluftkanal vorgesehen, die über in der Decke des Trocknungsraumes vorgesehene Öffnungen mit dem Lüftungsquerschnitt kommunizieren. Ein Heizregister ist zwischen der Zuluft- und der Abluftöffnung angeordnet.A drying plant of this type is specified in EP 0 017 665 A for the rhythmic drying of ceramic moldings, wherein a fan carriage in aisles of a drying room next Trocknungsgutreihen arranged movable and provided in the drying room above the Trocknungsgutreihen an air duct ceiling. As a result, the drying air is forcibly passed through the material to be dried before it passes through a return duct to circulation fans. In Figure 3 of this document, a Zuluft- and an exhaust duct are provided outside the return duct, which communicate via provided in the ceiling of the drying chamber openings with the ventilation cross-section. A heating coil is arranged between the supply air and the exhaust air opening.

Weiters geht aus der EP 0 430 910 A1 eine Heißluftzellen-Trocknungsanlage hervor, in der ebenfalls eine Zwischendecke zur Zwangsführung der Trocknungsluft ausgeführt ist. Über eine im Lüftungsquerschnitt angeordnete Lamellenwand kann zwischen Umluftbetrieb und Zuluft/Abluftbetrieb umgeschaltet werden.Furthermore, EP 0 430 910 A1 discloses a hot-air cell drying plant in which an intermediate ceiling for forced guidance of the drying air is likewise embodied. By means of a lamella wall arranged in the ventilation cross-section, it is possible to switch between recirculation mode and supply air / extract air mode.

Eine weitere Trocknungsanlage wurde vom Anmelder vor einiger Zeit entwickelt und hat sich auf dem Markt im allgemeinen gut bewährt. Diese bekannte Anlage wird im folgenden anhand der Figuren 3 und 4 erläutert, die Aufrisse der Anlage zeigen.Another drying plant was developed some time ago by the Applicant and has generally proven itself in the marketplace. This known system will be explained below with reference to Figures 3 and 4, which show elevations of the system.

Die bekannte Trocknungsanlage besteht aus einer allgemein mit 101 bezeichneten Trocknungskammer, in der ein Trocknungsraum 102 für zu trocknendes Gut definiert ist, wobei es sich bei diesem Gut um stapelbare Güter, wie z.B. die dargestellten Holzbretterstapel 103, oder aber auch um Schüttgüter handeln kann. Zur Erzeugung eines Luftstroms in der Trocknungskammer ist ein Ventilator 104 unter der Decke der Trocknungskammer angeordnet, der durch eine Zwischendecke 105 vom Trocknungsraum 102 abgetrennt ist. Weiters sind im Dach der Trocknungskammer zwei Luftdurchlässe 106, 107 ausgebildet, von denen - abhängig von der Förderrichtung des Ventilators - jeweils einer als Frischlufteinlaß und der andere als Abluftauslaß wirkt. Weiters ist/sind zur Erwärmung des in der Trocknungskammer zirkulierenden Luftstroms ein oder mehrere Heizregister 108 vorgesehen, das/die sich von der linken Kante der Zwischendecke 105 zu einer Seitenwand der Trocknungskammer hin erstreckt/erstrecken, wobei Heizregister auch auf der anderen Seite bzw. allgemein auch in der Zwischendecke vor oder hinter dem Ventilator angeordnet sein könnten. Aufgrund der dargestellten Anordnung des Ventilators unter der Decke mit einer darunterliegenden Zwischendecke, die den Ventilator vom Trocknungsraum abtrennt, wobei sich die Zwischendecke aber nicht über die gesamte Deckenfläche erstreckt, wird in der Trocknungskammer ein Luftzirkulationspfad gebildet, der von einer Seite des Ventilators ausgehend oberhalb der Zwischendecke entlang, durch das Heizregister hindurch in den Trocknungsraum und quer durch diesen hindurch zu einer Öffnung 109 zwischen einer Endkante der Zwischendecke und einer Seitenwand nach oben und wieder zurück zum Ventilator erstreckt. Das Öffnen und Schließen der Klappen 106, 107 erfolgt automatisch über eine Steuer- und Regeleinrichtung in Abhängigkeit von Klima, Luftgeschwindigkeit oder Holzfeuchteänderung.The known drying plant consists of a generally designated 101 drying chamber, in which a drying space 102 is defined for to be dried Good, which may be in this good to stackable goods, such as the illustrated wooden boards stack 103, or else bulk goods. To generate an air flow in the drying chamber, a fan 104 is arranged under the ceiling of the drying chamber, which is separated by a false ceiling 105 from the drying space 102. Furthermore, two air passages 106, 107 are formed in the roof of the drying chamber, of which - depending on the conveying direction of the fan - each acts as a fresh air inlet and the other as an exhaust outlet. Furthermore, one or more heating coils 108 are provided for heating the circulating air flow in the drying chamber, extending from the left edge of the false ceiling 105 to a side wall of the drying chamber, with heating coils also on the other side could also be located in the false ceiling in front of or behind the fan. Due to the illustrated arrangement of the fan under the ceiling with an underlying false ceiling, which separates the fan from the drying room, but the false ceiling does not extend over the entire ceiling surface, an air circulation path is formed in the drying chamber, starting from one side of the fan above the Temporary ceiling along, through the heating coil into the drying room and across it through to an opening 109 between an end edge of the false ceiling and a side wall up and back to the fan extends. The opening and closing of the flaps 106, 107 takes place automatically via a control and regulating device as a function of climate, air speed or wood moisture change.

Fördert der Ventilator Luft in Richtung des Pfeils C (d.h. in der Zeichnung nach links), so ergeben sich die in Fig.3 dargestellten Strömungsverhältnisse. Ein Teil des durch den Ventilator hindurch geförderten Luftstroms C tritt als Abluft C1 durch den Luftdurchlaß 106, der jetzt als Auslaß wirkt, aus der Trocknungskammer 101 aus. Der übrige Teil C2 des Luftstroms strömt durch das Heizregister 108 hindurch und wird dabei erwärmt und gelangt in den Trocknungsraum 102, wo er durch den Bretterstapel 103 hindurchfließt. Um zu vermeiden, daß der Luftstrom oberhalb des Bretterstapels vorbeifließt, hängen von der Zwischendecke 105 Schürzen 110, Klappen oder dergl. herab, die diesen Zwischenraum absperren. Nachdem der Luftstrom durch den Bretterstapel hindurchgegangen ist, wird er durch die Öffnung 109 nach oben gesaugt (Pfeil C3), da oberhalb der Öffnung 109 gegenüber dem Trocknungsraum 102 Unterdruck herrscht, und wird zum Ventilator 104 hingezogen. Der Ventilator saugt dabei auch Frischluft C4 aus dem Luftdurchlaß 107 an, der als Einlaß wirkt.If the fan is conveying air in the direction of the arrow C (i.e., to the left in the drawing), the flow conditions shown in FIG. A portion of the air flow C conveyed through the fan exits the drying chamber 101 as exhaust air C1 through the air passage 106, which now acts as an outlet. The remaining part C2 of the air stream flows through the heating register 108 and is thereby heated and reaches the drying room 102, where it flows through the board stack 103. In order to avoid that the air flow flows past above the board stack, hang from the false ceiling 105 aprons 110, flaps or the like. Down that shut off this gap. After the air flow has passed through the stack of boards, it is sucked upwards through the opening 109 (arrow C3), because there is negative pressure above the opening 109 with respect to the drying space 102, and is attracted to the fan 104. The fan also sucks in fresh air C4 from the air passage 107, which acts as an inlet.

Diese Zwangs-Luftumwälzung in der Trocknungskammer mittels Ventilator ist deshalb zweckmäßig, damit das zu trocknende Gut vermehrt Wasserdampf abgeben kann, indem stets nicht mit Wasserdampf gesättigte Luft zugeführt wird, was zusätzlich zur Umwälzung eine Frischluftzufuhr zur Trocknungskammer sowie eine Abluftabfuhr aus der Trocknungskammer notwendig macht. Die Luftstromgeschwindigkeit wird dabei abhängig von der Art und dem Zustand des zu trocknenden Gutes eingestellt.This forced air circulation in the drying chamber by means of a fan is therefore expedient so that the material to be dried can release more water vapor by not always supplied with steam saturated air, which in addition to the circulation makes a fresh air supply to the drying chamber and an exhaust air removal from the drying chamber necessary. The air flow rate is adjusted depending on the type and condition of the material to be dried.

Um eine möglichst gleichmäßige Trocknung des Gutes im Trocknungsraum zu erreichen, hat es sich auch als sinnvoll erwiesen, die Förderrichtung des Ventilators und somit die Luftströmungsrichtung in regelmäßigen Intervallen umzukehren. Bei der dargestellten bekannten Trocknungsanlage führt die Umkehr der Förderrichtung des Ventilators zu den in Fig.4 dargestellten Strömungsverhältnissen.In order to achieve the most uniform possible drying of the material in the drying room, it has also proven to be useful to reverse the conveying direction of the fan and thus the air flow direction at regular intervals. In the known drying system shown, the reversal of the conveying direction of the fan leads to the flow conditions shown in FIG.

Dabei wird durch den Ventilator ein Luftstrom D erzeugt, der in der Zeichnung nach rechts gerichtet ist. Ein Teil dieses Luftstroms D wird als Abluft D1 durch den Luftdurchlaß 107, der jetzt als Auslaß wirkt, aus der Trocknungskammer 101 ausgestoßen. Der übrige Teil D2 des Luftstroms strömt durch die Öffnung 109 hindurch nach unten in den Trocknungsraum 102, worauf er durch den Bretterstapel 103 hindurchfließt. Nachdem der Luftstrom durch den Bretterstapel hindurchgegangen ist, wird er durch das Heizregister 108 hindurch nach oben gesaugt (Pfeil D3) und dabei nach Bedarf vom Heizregister unter Steuerung durch eine Steuer- und Regeleinrichtung erwärmt. Im Anschluß daran vermischt sich der erwärmte Luftstrom D3 mit kalter Frischluft D4, die vom Ventilator aus dem Luftdurchlaß 106, der als Einlaß wirkt, angesaugt wird.In this case, an air flow D is generated by the fan, which is directed to the right in the drawing. Part of this air flow D is expelled from the drying chamber 101 as exhaust air D1 through the air passage 107, which now acts as an outlet. The remaining part D2 of the air flow flows through the opening 109 down into the drying room 102, whereupon it flows through the board stack 103. After the airflow has passed through the stack of boards, it is sucked upwardly through the heating register 108 (arrow D3) and heated as needed by the heating register under control of a control and regulating device. Subsequently, the heated air stream D3 mixes with cold fresh air D4, which is sucked by the fan from the air passage 106, which acts as an inlet.

Obgleich die in den Figuren 3 und 4 dargestellte Trocknungsanlage zufriedenstellend arbeitet, so ist sie dennoch in bezug auf den Wirkungsgrad und den Energieverbrauch nicht optimal. Fördert der Ventilator in die in Fig.3 gezeigte Richtung, so wird der wasserdampfführende Luftstrom C3 nämlich zuerst mit Frischluft C4 vermischt und dabei abgekühlt und erst dieses Gemisch durch den Luftdurchlaß 106 ausgestoßen, d.h. ein Teil der zum Antrieb des Ventilators benötigten Energie wird verschwendet, indem Frischluft durch den Durchlaß 107 angesaugt und teilweise durch den Durchlaß 106 abgegeben wird, ohne vorher mit dem zu trocknenden Gut in Berührung gekommen zu sein, während andererseits die wasserdampfführende Luft zum Teil im Kreislauf weitergeführt wird. Es muß auch damit gerechnet werden, daß sehr feuchte Luft durch die Frischluft so weit abgekühlt wird, daß es in der Trockenkammer zu starker Kondensation kommt, was die Trocknungsdauer natürlich unerwünscht verlängert. Arbeitet der Ventilator in umgekehrter Richtung, wie in Fig.4 gezeigt, so wird zusätzlich der feuchte Luftstrom D3 zuerst erwärmt, dann mit kühler Frischluft D4 vermischt und als Abluft D1 aus dem Durchlaß 107 ausgestoßen, bevor der Rest D2 des erwärmten Luftstroms mit dem zu trocknenden Gut in Berührung kommt, d.h. auch ein Teil der Heizenergie geht ungenützt verloren.Although the drying plant shown in Figures 3 and 4 operates satisfactorily, it is still not optimal in terms of efficiency and energy consumption. If the fan is driving in the direction shown in FIG. 3, then the steam-carrying air stream C3 is first mixed with fresh air C4 and cooled, and only this mixture is expelled through the air passage 106, ie a portion of the energy required to drive the fan is wasted, by sucking fresh air through the passage 107 and partially discharging it through the passage 106 without having previously come in contact with the good to be dried, while on the other hand the water vapor-carrying air is partly continued in the circuit. It must also be expected that very humid air is cooled by the fresh air so far that it comes in the drying chamber to strong condensation, which of course extends the drying time undesirable. If the fan operates in the opposite direction, as shown in Figure 4, then the humid air flow D3 is first heated, then mixed with cool fresh air D4 and ejected as exhaust D1 from the passage 107 before the rest D2 of the heated air flow with the zu drying good comes into contact, ie even a part of the heating energy is lost unused.

Die vorliegende Erfindung zielt darauf ab, Wirkungsgrad und/oder Energieverbrauch einer eingangs erläuterten Trocknungsanlage beträchtlich zu verbessern.The present invention aims to considerably improve the efficiency and / or energy consumption of a drying plant explained in the introduction.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß zwischen dem mindestens einen Luftdurchlaß und dem mindestens einen Umkehr-Luftdurchlaß mindestens eine in den Luftzirkulationspfad ragende Trennwand ausgebildet ist, welche Trennwand eine Seite des Heizregisters begrenzt, und daß die Zwischendecke eine weitere Seite des Heizregisters begrenzt, wobei das Heizregister sich in der Ebene der Zwischendecke von einer Kante der Zwischendecke bis zur Trennwand erstreckt.This object is achieved in that between the at least one air passage and the at least one reverse air passage at least one projecting into the air circulation path partition wall is formed, which dividing wall defines one side of the heating register, and that the intermediate ceiling defines another side of the heating register, wherein the Heating register extends in the plane of the false ceiling from an edge of the false ceiling to the partition wall.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Modifikation ist es möglich, daß die Frischluft angesaugt wird, ohne sich mit der Abluft zu vermischen und gewährleistet wird, daß die erwärmte Luft durch das zu trocknende Gut hindurchgeht, ohne teilweise bereits vorher mit der Abluft ausgestoßen zu werden. Somit ist sichergestellt, daß feuchte Luft nicht aufgewärmt und unmittelbar danach ins Freie geblasen wird, sondern in wirkungsgrad- und energieverbrauchsverbessernder Weise die feuchte Luft ins Freie geblasen wird und unabhängig davon frische Luft angesaugt und erwärmt und dann durchs Trockengut geblasen wird. Durch diese erfindungsgemäße Maßnahme können Einsparungen der Heizenergie von 10% und mehr erzielt und allgemein der Trocknungsvorgang beschleunigt werden, da die den Trocknungsraum durchströmende Luft im Vergleich mit Anlagen des Standes der Technik trockener ist.The modification according to the invention, it is possible that the fresh air is sucked in without mixing with the exhaust air and ensures that the heated air passes through the material to be dried, without being partially expelled previously with the exhaust air. Thus, it is ensured that moist air is not warmed up and immediately thereafter blown into the open, but in efficiency and energieverbrauchsverbessernder the humid air is blown into the open air and independently sucked fresh air and heated and then blown through the dry material. By this measure according to the invention savings of heating energy of 10% or more can be achieved and generally the drying process can be accelerated because the air flowing through the drying space is drier in comparison with systems of the prior art.

Mit den Begriffen Luftdurchlaß und Umkehr-Luftdurchlaß wird zum Ausdruck gebracht, daß im Betrieb der Trocknungsanlage diese Durchlässe in gegensätzlicher Richtung angeströmt werden, d.h. einer davon als Einlaß und der andere als Auslaß wirkt.The terms air passage and reverse air passage express that in the operation of the drying plant, these passages are flowed in opposite directions, i. one acts as an inlet and the other as an outlet.

Um die Durchmischung von Frisch- und Abluft noch besser zu verhindern, ist die zwischen dem mindestens einen Luftdurchlaß und dem mindestens einen Umkehr-Luftdurchlaß in den Luftzirkulationspfad ragende Trennwand ausgebildet. Diese stellt eine strömungstechnisch günstige Abzweigung im Luftzirkulationspfad dar. Durch geeignete Dimensionierung wird sichergestellt, daß sich in der Trocknungsanlage die geeigneten Druck- und Unterdruckverhältnisse aufbauen, wobei durch den Unterdruck die Frischluft angesaugt und durch Überdruck die Abluft ausgestoßen wird.In order to prevent the mixing of fresh and exhaust air even better, the separating wall projecting into the air circulation path between the at least one air passage and the at least one return air passage is formed. This poses By suitable dimensioning ensures that build up in the drying plant, the appropriate pressure and negative pressure conditions, being sucked in by the negative pressure, the fresh air and the exhaust air is discharged by overpressure.

Der Trocknungsvorgang wird mit erwärmter Luft beschleunigt, da diese mehr Wasserdampf aufnehmen kann. Daher ist im Luftzirkulationspfad ein Heizregister angeordnet, das mit dem mindestens einen Luftdurchlaß oder dem mindestens einen Umkehr-Luftdurchlaß kommuniziert. Das Heizregister wird günstigerweise so ausgelegt, daß an seinen beiden Seiten bei Anströmung mit Luft ein erwünschter Druckunterschied auftritt. Dieser Effekt wird verstärkt, indem die Trennwand mindestens eine Seite des Heizregisters begrenzt.The drying process is accelerated with heated air, as it can absorb more water vapor. Therefore, in the air circulation path, a heating coil is arranged, which communicates with the at least one air passage or the at least one reverse air passage. The heater is conveniently designed so that a desired pressure difference occurs on its two sides when it comes into contact with air. This effect is reinforced by the partition wall defining at least one side of the heating register.

Ein strömungstechnisch günstiger Luftzirkulationspfad ergibt sich dadurch, daß zwischen Ventilator bzw. Ventilatorgruppe und Trocknungsraum eine Zwischendecke oder Zwischenwand angeordnet ist. Diese Zwischendecke oder Zwischenwand kann vorteilhaft mindestens eine Seite des Heizregisters begrenzen, wobei sie auch unter dem Trocknungsgut oder seitlich davon liegen kann.An aerodynamically favorable air circulation path results from the fact that an intermediate ceiling or intermediate wall is arranged between fan or fan group and drying space. This intermediate ceiling or intermediate wall may advantageously limit at least one side of the heating register, wherein it may also be below the drying material or laterally thereof.

Um den Trocknungsvorgang an die Art oder den Zustand des zu trocknenden Gutes anzupassen, kann in weiteren Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemäßen Trocknungsanlage

  • a) mindestens ein Luftdurchlaß und/oder Umkehr-Luftdurchlaß Absperrklappen aufweisen;
  • b) die Förderrichtung des Ventilators bzw. der Ventilatorgruppe reversibel sein;
  • c) die Förderleistung des Ventilators bzw. der Ventilatorgruppe einstellbar sein; und
  • d) die Stellung der Klappen automatisch von einer Steuer- und Regeleinrichtung eingestellt werden.
In order to adapt the drying process to the type or condition of the material to be dried, in further embodiments of the drying plant according to the invention
  • a) have at least one air passage and / or reverse air passage shut-off valves;
  • b) be reversible the conveying direction of the fan or the fan group;
  • c) the delivery rate of the fan or the fan group be adjustable; and
  • d) the position of the flaps are automatically adjusted by a control and regulating device.

Die Erfindung wird nun anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung näher beschrieben, worin die Figuren 1 und 2 eine erfindungsgemäße Trocknungsanlage im Aufriß bei entgegengesetzten Ventilator-Förderrichtungen zeigen.The invention will now be described in more detail by means of an embodiment with reference to the drawing, in which Figures 1 and 2 show a drying system according to the invention in elevation in opposite fan conveying directions.

Bei der in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Trocknungsanlage handelt es sich um eine Fortbildung der in den Figuren 3 und 4 dargestellten Anlage des Standes der Technik. Gleiche oder ähnliche Teile sind daher mit gleichen Bezugszeichen, jeweils vermindert um 100, dargestellt. Eine nähere Erläuterung dieser Teile kann unterbleiben, und es wird stattdessen auf die oben erfolgte Beschreibung verwiesen.The embodiment of a drying installation according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a further development of the installation of the prior art shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. The same or similar parts are therefore shown with the same reference numerals, each reduced by 100 shown. A more detailed explanation of these parts can be omitted, and it is instead made to the description above.

Die erfindungsgemäße Trocknungsanlage besteht aus einer allgemein mit 1 bezeichneten Trocknungskammer, in der ein Trocknungsraum 2 für zu trocknendes Gut definiert ist, wie z.B. Holzbretterstapel 3. Zur Erzeugung eines Luftstroms in der Trocknungskammer ist ein Ventilator 4 unter der Decke der Trocknungskammer angeordnet, der durch eine Zwischendecke 5 vom Trocknungsraum 2 abgetrennt ist. Anstelle eines Ventilators kann auch eine Gruppe an Ventilatoren vorgesehen werden, die beispielsweise nebeneinander oder übereinander angeordnet sind. Die Ventilatoren können Axial- oder Radialventilatoren sein. Weiters sind im Dach der Trocknungskammer zwei nebeneinander angeordnete Luftdurchlässe 6, 7 ausgebildet, von denen - abhängig von der Förderrichtung des Ventilators - jeweils einer als Frischlufteinlaß und der andere als Abluftauslaß wirkt. Eine nach unten ragende Trennwand 11 trennt die Öffnungen der Durchlässe voneinander und bildet eine Abzweigung für den Luftzirkulationspfad. Jeder Luftdurchlaß kann zweckmäßig selektiv oder auch gemeinsam mit anderen durch Absperrklappen 12 verschlossen werden. Weiters ist zur Erwärmung des in der Trocknungskammer zirkulierenden Luftstroms ein Heizregister 8 vorgesehen, das sich von der rechten Kante der Zwischendecke 5 zur Trennwand 11 erstreckt. Die Zwischendecke 5 reicht nicht ganz bis zur linken Seitenwand der Trocknungskammer 1, sondern läßt eine Öffnung 9 frei, durch die Luft stromen kann. Die gewahlte Große der Öffnung hangt von Faktoren wie der Holzdimension, den Stapellatten, der Stapelhöhe und -anzahl und der Holzart ab. Damit die Luft durch das Trocknungsgut hindurch, aber nicht oberhalb daran vorbei stromen kann, hangt eine Schürze 10 von der Zwischendecke 5 herab. Somit wird in der Trocknungskammer ein Luftzirkulationspfad gebildet, der von einer Seite des Ventilators ausgehend oberhalb der Zwischendecke entlang durch das Heizregister hindurch in den Trocknungsraum und quer durch diesen hindurch dann durch die Offnung 9 nach oben und wieder zurück zum Ventilator verlauft.The drying plant according to the invention consists of a generally designated 1 drying chamber in which a drying space 2 is defined for to be dried Good, such as wooden boards 3. For generating an air flow in the drying chamber, a fan 4 is arranged under the ceiling of the drying chamber, by a False ceiling 5 is separated from the drying room 2. Instead of a fan, it is also possible to provide a group of fans, which are arranged next to one another or one above the other, for example. The fans can be axial or radial fans. Furthermore, two adjacent air passages 6, 7 are formed in the roof of the drying chamber, of which - depending on the conveying direction of the fan - each acts as a fresh air inlet and the other as an exhaust outlet. A downward Partition 11 separates the openings of the passages from each other and forms a branch for the air circulation path. Each air passage may conveniently be closed selectively or together with others by butterfly valves 12. Furthermore, a heating register 8 is provided for heating the circulating in the drying chamber air flow, which extends from the right edge of the false ceiling 5 to the partition wall 11. The false ceiling 5 is not quite enough to the left side wall of the drying chamber 1, but leaves an opening 9 free, can flow through the air. The chosen size of the opening depends on factors such as the wood dimension, the stacking slats, the pile height and number and the type of wood. So that the air can flow through the material to be dried, but not above it, an apron 10 hangs down from the false ceiling 5. Thus, an air circulation path is formed in the drying chamber, which proceeds from one side of the fan along the intermediate ceiling through the heating coil into the drying room and across it then through the opening 9 upwards and back to the fan again.

Im folgenden werden anhand von Fig.1 die Strömungsverhältnisse beschrieben, wenn der Ventilator Luft nach rechts, d.h.m Richtung des Pfeils A, fördert. Ein Teil des durch den ventilator hindurch geforderten Luftstroms A tritt als Abluft A1 durch den Luftdurchlaß 6, der als Auslaß wirkt, aus der Trocknungskammer 1 aus. Der übrige Teil A2 des Luftstroms stromt durch das Heizregister 8 hindurch nach unten und wird dabei erwarmt und gelangt in den Trocknungsraum 2 (dargestellt durch Pfeil A5), wo er durch den Bretterstapel 3 hindurchfließt. Nachdem der Luftstrom durch den Bretterstapel hindurchgegangen ist (Pfeil A6), wird er durch die Öffnung 9 nach oben gesaugt (Pfeil A3) und zum Ventilator 4 hingezogen. Der Luftzirkulationsstrom bewirkt, daß Frischluft A4 aus dem Luftdurchlaß 7, der als Einlaß wirkt, direkt in den Trocknungsraum 2 gesaugt wird. Es ist anzumerken, daß die Abluft A1 durch die geeignet eingestellten Druckverhaltnisse in der Trocknungskammer aus dem Durchlaß 6 ausgestoßen wird, ohne vorher unerwünscht nochmals durch das Heizregister 8 erwärmt worden zu sein.In the following, the flow conditions are described with reference to Figure 1, when the fan air to the right, in the direction of the arrow A, promotes. Part of the air flow A required by the ventilator passes out of the drying chamber 1 as exhaust air A1 through the air passage 6, which acts as an outlet. The remaining part A2 of the air flow flows through the heating register 8 down and is thereby heated and enters the drying room 2 (represented by arrow A5), where it flows through the board stack 3. After the air flow has passed through the stack of boards (arrow A6), it is sucked up through the opening 9 (arrow A3) and attracted to the fan 4. The air circulation flow causes fresh air A4 from the air passage 7, which acts as an inlet, to be sucked directly into the drying space 2. It should be noted that the exhaust air A1 is ejected from the passage 6 by the suitably set pressure conditions in the drying chamber without being previously undesirably heated by the heating coil 8 again.

Wenn der Ventilator Luft nach links, d.h.in Richtung des Pfeils B, fördert, ergeben sich in der Trocknungskammer 1 die in Fig.2 dargestellten Strömungsverhältnisse. Der durch den Ventilator hindurch geförderte Luftstrom B wird nach unten umgelenkt (Pfeil B2) und gelangt durch die Öffnung 9 in den Trocknungsraum 2 (Luftstrom dargestellt durch Pfeil B5), wo er durch den Bretterstapel 3 hindurchfließt. Nachdem der Luftstrom durch den Bretterstapel hindurchgegangen ist (Pfeil B6), wird er teilweise durch das Heizregister 8 hindurch nach oben gesaugt (Pfeil B3), dabei erwärmt und anschließend zum Ventilator 4 hingezogen. Durch den Unterdruck rechts vom Ventilator wird gleichzeitig Frischluft (Pfeil B4) aus dem Durchlaß 6 angesaugt. Ein anderer Teil des Luftstroms B6 wird als Abluft B1 aus dem Durchlaß 7 nach außen abgegeben. Es ist wiederum anzumerken, daß die Abluft B1 aus dem Durchlaß 7 ausgestoßen wird, ohne vorher unerwünscht nochmals durch das Heizregister 8 erwärmt worden zu sein.When the fan conveys air to the left, i.e. in the direction of the arrow B, the flow conditions shown in Fig. 2 result in the drying chamber 1. The air flow B conveyed through the fan is deflected downwards (arrow B2) and passes through the opening 9 into the drying chamber 2 (air flow represented by arrow B5), where it flows through the board stack 3. After the air flow has passed through the stack of boards (arrow B6), it is partially sucked through the heating coil 8 upwards (arrow B3), thereby heated and then attracted to the fan 4. Fresh air (arrow B4) is sucked out of the passage 6 at the same time by the negative pressure to the right of the fan. Another part of the air flow B6 is discharged as exhaust air B1 from the passage 7 to the outside. It is again noted that the exhaust air B1 is discharged from the passage 7, without previously undesirably heated by the heating coil 8 again.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung können die Klappen und/oder Heizregister bei gleicher Funknonsweise auch beidseitig angeordnet werden.In a further embodiment, the flaps and / or heating register can be arranged on both sides in the same Funigon principle.

Claims (5)

  1. A drying plant having a drying chamber (1), in which a drying space (2) for goods to be dried is defined, a ventilator (4) or a group of ventilators arranged in said drying chamber (1), at least one air passage (6) communicating between the interior of said drying chamber (1) an its external environment, and at least one reverse air passage (7) communicating between the interior of said drying chamber (1) and its external environment, an air circulation path being formed within said drying chamber (1) passing from one side of said ventilator (4) or group of ventilators through said drying space (2) and back to the other side of said ventilator (4) or group of ventilators, said at least one air passage (6) as well as said at least one reverse air passage (7) being arranged at the same portion (A2 and A5; B6 and B3) of said air circulation path extending between said drying space (2) and said ventilator (4) or group of ventilators, an intermediate floor (5) or intermediate wall being arranged between said ventilator (4) or group of ventilators and said drying space (2) with said at least one air passage (6) as well as said at least one reverse air passage (7) being mounted above said intermediate floor (5), a heat register (8) being disposed within said air circulation path and communicating with said at least one air passage (6) or said at least one reverse air passage (7), characterised in that:
    at least one partition wall (11) protruding into said air circulation path is formed between said at least one air passage (6) and said at least one reverse air passage (7), which partition wall (11) delimits a side of said heat register (8), and in that
    said intermediate floor (5) delimits another side of said heat register (8), said heat register (8) extending in the plane of said intermediate floor (5) from one edge of said intermediate floor (5) to said partition wall (11).
  2. A drying plant according to claim 1, characterised in that at least one air passage and/or reverse air passage is provided with shut-off valves (12).
  3. A drying plant according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the discharge direction (A; B) of said ventilator (4) or group of ventilators is reversible.
  4. A drying plant according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that the discharge capacity of said ventilator (4) or group of ventilators is adjustable.
  5. A drying plant according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterised in that a control device for automatically adjusting said ventilator discharge direction and/or capacity and/or the position of said shut-off valves is provided.
EP00890021A 1999-01-29 2000-01-26 Drying plant Expired - Lifetime EP1024336B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT00890021T ATE305123T1 (en) 1999-01-29 2000-01-26 DRYING SYSTEM

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT12299 1999-01-29
AT0012299A AT407797B (en) 1999-01-29 1999-01-29 DRYING SYSTEM

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EP1024336A2 EP1024336A2 (en) 2000-08-02
EP1024336A3 EP1024336A3 (en) 2001-11-14
EP1024336B1 true EP1024336B1 (en) 2005-09-21

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AT (2) AT407797B (en)
DE (1) DE50011192D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PL405932A1 (en) * 2013-11-06 2015-05-11 Amenda Stanisław Zakład Stolarski Installation for drying, in particular of wood and the method of drying in such installation
CN105651011B (en) * 2015-12-24 2018-06-12 江西立维卫浴有限公司 A kind of drying device of ceramic production line
CN106805270A (en) * 2017-03-21 2017-06-09 张彦勇 A kind of drying of Chinese wolfberry room

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE300316C (en) *
FR1023006A (en) * 1949-08-09 1953-03-12 Device for air conditioning in industrial premises, in particular for drying pasta
FR1103916A (en) * 1954-05-31 1955-11-08 Static drier for pasta
FR1247859A (en) * 1959-02-14 1960-12-02 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Method for adjusting the force of drying in countercurrent dryers
GB1229987A (en) * 1967-05-01 1971-04-28
USRE28226E (en) * 1970-05-18 1974-11-05 Circulating air dryer
DE2914243C3 (en) * 1979-04-09 1986-03-27 Keller Ofenbau GmbH, 4530 Ibbenbüren Plant for the rhythmic drying of ceramic moldings
AT384887B (en) * 1981-11-03 1988-01-25 Leisser Josef DRYING DEVICE FOR WOOD
DE3340489A1 (en) * 1983-11-09 1985-08-14 Lignomat GmbH, 7148 Remseck METHOD FOR DRYING WOOD
AT403734B (en) * 1987-04-01 1998-05-25 Vanicek Friedrich ARRANGEMENT OF AXIAL FANS FOR WOOD DRYING PLANTS
IT1235898B (en) * 1989-12-01 1992-11-25 Margaritelli Spa IMPROVEMENT OF WOOD DRYING SYSTEMS, OF THE TYPE DEFINED "WITH HOT AIR CELL"
AT2034U1 (en) * 1997-04-11 1998-03-25 Muehlboeck Kurt DRYING PLANT, ESPECIALLY FOR WOOD

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1024336A2 (en) 2000-08-02
AT407797B (en) 2001-06-25
EP1024336A3 (en) 2001-11-14
ATA12299A (en) 2000-10-15
ATE305123T1 (en) 2005-10-15
DE50011192D1 (en) 2005-10-27

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