EP2561523B1 - Actionneur magnétique bistable - Google Patents

Actionneur magnétique bistable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2561523B1
EP2561523B1 EP11722720.7A EP11722720A EP2561523B1 EP 2561523 B1 EP2561523 B1 EP 2561523B1 EP 11722720 A EP11722720 A EP 11722720A EP 2561523 B1 EP2561523 B1 EP 2561523B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnetic
armature
generated
permanent magnet
flux
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11722720.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2561523A2 (fr
Inventor
Jörg GASSMANN
Steffen Schnitter
Marcus Herrmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Johnson Electric Dresden GmbH
Original Assignee
Johnson Electric Dresden GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Johnson Electric Dresden GmbH filed Critical Johnson Electric Dresden GmbH
Priority to SI201130735T priority Critical patent/SI2561523T1/sl
Publication of EP2561523A2 publication Critical patent/EP2561523A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2561523B1 publication Critical patent/EP2561523B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/122—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/18—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature
    • H01H50/24—Parts rotatable or rockable outside coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/14—Pivoting armatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2236—Polarised relays comprising pivotable armature, pivoting at extremity or bending point of armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2272—Polarised relays comprising rockable armature, rocking movement around central axis parallel to the main plane of the armature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a bistable magnetic actuator with a polarized parallel circuit, wherein between the outer legs of a U-shaped soft iron yoke, a flat permanent magnet is integrated, which carries a soft iron middle leg and applied to the center leg rocker armature with a permanent magnetically generated magnetic flux, and wherein on each outer leg a separately controllable excitation winding Umschwenkimpulse for the rocker armature from a permanent magnetic self-holding pivotal position in the other provides.
  • a similar generic magnetic actuator is state of the art in the utility model DE 20 2004 012 292 U1 described.
  • Bistable, bipolar magnetic actuators can assume two stable swing states when de-energized. They often consist of a parallel circuit of two magnetic circuits made of soft iron parts for guiding a magnetic flux, one or more electromagnetic excitation windings and at least one permanent magnet, which generates forces via one or more air gaps on a magnet armature in the two magnetic circuits and tie these powerless in two stable layers can.
  • the pivoting of the magnet armature is essentially determined by the interaction between the flux generated by the excitation windings and the permanent magnet fluxes by the soft magnetic parallel circuits.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an energy-efficient bistable magnetic actuator with a simple low-weight and low-volume construction and high switching power density, which is particularly suitable for bistable relays high switching capacity.
  • the magnetic actuator according to the invention a particularly energy-efficient pivoting of the rocker armature is achieved from one pivotal position to the other, which is particularly advantageous for magnetic actuators, which must meet strict external conditions in space, power and control force.
  • adding magnetic fluxes are generated over the open armature air gap of that parallel circuit in which the actively controlled exciter winding is arranged according to the invention with a permanent magnetic magnetic flux opposing electromagnetic flux displaced the permanent magnet magnetic flux from the closed via the armature wing parallel circuit in the other parallel circuit.
  • a DC voltage pulse is applied to the excitation winding, which lies in the parallel circuit with the closed armature air gap, in such a way that the electromagnetic flux against the permanent magnetic magnetic flux acts, causing it commutes in the parallel circuit with the open armature air gap.
  • the resulting permanent magnetic force effect which is composed of the additional portion of the permanent magnet generated by the flow over the open armature air gap and from the commutated permanent magnetic magnetic flux, causes the switching of the rocker armature in its other stable switching position.
  • each of the two parallel magnetic circuits advantageously has a very low magnetic resistance at each closed armature air gap, since the permanent magnet arranged in the center leg is kept extremely flat due to its high coercive force and high remanence and thus represents a very low magnetic resistance.
  • the U-shaped yoke with its two outer legs is made in one piece, which additionally reduces the magnetic resistance over known arrangements with a composite U-shaped yoke.
  • the Wippankerlager works very efficiently by rolling friction on metallic surfaces.
  • the actuator has as a supporting part a U-shaped soft iron yoke 1, on the outer legs 2, 3 separately controllable exciter winding 4, 5 sit.
  • An extremely flat but strong permanent magnet 6 carries a Soft iron middle leg 7. This creates an E-shaped magnetic core.
  • On the middle leg 7 a slightly V-shaped bent rocker 8 is mounted.
  • the E-shaped magnetic core represents with the rocker armature starting from the center leg 7 is a parallel circuit of the armature air column.
  • At one end of the rocker arm 8 carries an actuator 9 for example, a contact system of a bipolar relay.
  • this permanently magnetically generated tributary 11 is weaker than the permanent magnetic magnetic flux 11 on the left side of the magnetic actuator, since a comparatively low permanent magnetically generated tributary 11 sets through the open air gap 12 to the rocker armature 8 due to its high magnetic resistance.
  • an electromagnetic flux 13 is briefly generated via the excitation current in the left parallel circuit. With a corresponding winding direction of the excitation winding 4 and polarity of the voltage pulse, the electromagnetic flux 13 is directed against the permanent-magnetic magnetic flux 10 in the left parallel circle, as shown in FIG Fig. 2 is shown by arrows.
  • the permanent magnet generated magnetic flux 10 is displaced from the left parallel circuit in the right parallel circuit. He commutes in the right parallel circle and exerts on the right wing of the rocker armature 8 from a magnetic attraction, the rocker armature 8 in a clockwise direction to turn around.
  • Fig. 3 the second stable position of the rocker armature 8 is shown.
  • the permanent magnetically generated magnetic flux 10 in the now right parallel circle fixes the rocker armature 8 in this second pivoting position.
  • a permanently magnetically generated tributary flows through the open armature air gap 12.
  • a counterclockwise swinging takes place in an equivalent manner with pulse-like energization of the field winding 5.
  • FIG. 4 a magnetic actuator for a bistable switching relay is shown in an exploded view.
  • the U-shaped soft iron yoke 1 is punched with its two yoke legs 2, 3 in one piece from a soft iron sheet and bent.
  • a permanent magnet 6 is arranged, which in turn carries a soft iron middle leg 7.
  • On the yoke legs 2, 3 sit energizing windings 4, 5, which are supported by an insulating body 14.
  • the excitation windings 4, 5 are suitably wound in a folded over at least one film hinge insulator 14 in a single operation to bring out the inner coil ends.
  • the four ends of the field windings 4, 5 are soldered to three winding terminals 15, the two inner winding ends being commonly connected to the middle terminal. In this way, the two field windings 4, 5 are separately controllable and flows in opposite directions from the exciter current.
  • On the middle leg 7 of the rocker armature 8 is cut-mounted.
  • Such an armature bearing is very low friction and therefore consumes only a small switching energy.
  • the magnetic force of the extremely thin but strong permanent magnet 6 is sufficient to hold all four ferromagnetic components 1, 6, 7 and 8, so a separate holder is not essential. Only the rocker armature 8 is guided laterally by the insulating body 14 and otherwise holds by the force of the permanent magnet 6.
  • a resilient actuator 9 On a wing of the rocker armature 8 is a resilient actuator 9 is arranged, which operates on a non-illustrated transmission element on a contact system of a switching relay. ever after switching position of the rocker armature 8 closes or opens the relay its primary circuit. But there are also other applications for almost any positioning tasks possible.
  • the magnetic actuator can be miniaturized very well and in particular builds very flat. Moreover, due to its few parts, it is inexpensive and lightweight. Switching from one switch position to the other requires, as to Figures 1 - 3 is stated, only little energy.
  • FIG. 5 is the magnetic actuator after Fig. 4 shown again in an assembled state in a perspective view, wherein the same reference numerals are used from the preceding drawings.
  • the attached to the rocker arm 8 actuator 9 is designed resiliently and depending on the direction of the attacking force has two different spring characteristics. In order to obtain an actuation with an initial force> 0, it is advantageous that the resilient actuator 9 biased on the rocker armature 8 is attached.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 is also one asymmetric Umschwenkkraft generated with one and the same parallel magnetic circuit arrangement.
  • a pivoting movement of a rocker armature is carried out in one direction with a greater force than a pivoting movement in the other direction.
  • This may be useful, for example, for relays of high switching capacity where a possible welding of an actuated relay contact is to be achieved or where an increased bias voltage is to be applied to a relay contact.
  • This is achieved according to the invention while maintaining the symmetry of the mechanical arrangement of the magnetic actuator by means of an asymmetrical arrangement of the field windings.
  • the rocker armature should be tightened by the right parallel circuit of a magnetic core and swing over.
  • the permanent magnetically generated magnetic flux is displaced from the right outer leg into the left outer leg and adds there to the permanently magnetically generated tributary.
  • the rocker arm pivots counterclockwise, which now forms a permanently magnetically generated tributary on the right parallel circle and holds a permanent magnetically generated magnetic flux via the left parallel circle the rocker arm without power in another stable position. If the start of this movement is supported by an external force such as a spring, the coil 3 can be carried out with only a few turns.
  • this winding configuration is as in FIG. 6 and 7 represented by a winding process feasible, starting at the middle winding connection via the left to the right winding connection.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Actionneur magnétique bistable à circuit magnétique polarisé et entrefers de travail (12) parallèles, un aimant permanent plat (6) étant intégré entre les branches externes (2, 3) d'une culasse en fer doux (1) en U portant une branche centrale en fer doux (7), lequel alimente un induit à bascule (8) logé sur la branche centrale en fer doux (7) en un flux magnétique généré par l'aimant permanent, et un bobinage d'excitation (4, 5) à commande séparée pour chacune des branches externes (2, 3) fournissant des impulsions de basculement à l'induit à bascule (8) pour passer d'une position basculée maintenue par aimantation permanente à l'autre, caractérisé par un circuit conçu de manière à ce que, lorsqu'un flux électromagnétique (10) est généré par le bobinage d'excitation (4) de ce même circuit magnétique dans une direction opposée au flux magnétique (13) généré par l'aimant permanent, le flux magnétique (13) généré par l'aimant permanent et passant par le circuit magnétique fermé par l'induit à bascule (8) commute dans la branche du circuit magnétique du bobinage d'excitation (5) non excité électromagnétiquement et, assisté par le flux secondaire (11) dans ce circuit parallèle (10), bascule l'induit à bascule (8).
  2. Actionneur magnétique bistable selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, sur une des branches extérieures (2, 3), se trouve un bobinage d'excitation additionnel connecté et bobiné de telle manière qu'il soit excité en même temps que le bobinage d'excitation (4, 5) sur l'autre branche extérieure (2, 3), générant un flux électromagnétique dans la même direction que le flux magnétique (10) généré par l'aimant permanent afin de basculer l'induit à bascule (8) vers ce circuit magnétique tout en intensifiant la force dans cette direction.
  3. Actionneur magnétique bistable selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il est employé dans les relais de commutation à haute capacité de commutation.
  4. Actionneur magnétique bistable selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la culasse en fer doux (1) en U est fabriquée d'une pièce monobloc en fer doux estampé et plié.
  5. Actionneur magnétique bistable selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les bobinages d'excitation (4, 5) bobinés dans une seule opération sont logés sur un corps d'isolation (14) bipartite relié par au moins une charnière-film.
  6. Actionneur magnétique bistable selon une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'un élément d'actionnement (9) rattaché à l'induit à bascule (8) est conçu de manière à être flexible et présente deux caractéristiques de flexibilité selon la direction de la force agissante.
  7. Actionneur magnétique bistable selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'actionnement (9) est rattaché à l'induit à bascule (8) d'une manière précontrainte.
EP11722720.7A 2010-04-21 2011-04-06 Actionneur magnétique bistable Active EP2561523B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI201130735T SI2561523T1 (sl) 2010-04-21 2011-04-06 Bistabilni magnetni aktuator

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010017874A DE102010017874B4 (de) 2010-04-21 2010-04-21 Bistabiler Magnetaktor
PCT/DE2011/000371 WO2011131167A2 (fr) 2010-04-21 2011-04-06 Actionneur magnétique bistable

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2561523A2 EP2561523A2 (fr) 2013-02-27
EP2561523B1 true EP2561523B1 (fr) 2015-11-11

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11722720.7A Active EP2561523B1 (fr) 2010-04-21 2011-04-06 Actionneur magnétique bistable

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US8461951B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2561523B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102859618B (fr)
BR (1) BR112013008688A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102010017874B4 (fr)
ES (1) ES2558749T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2547815C2 (fr)
SI (1) SI2561523T1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011131167A2 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2012139664A (ru) 2014-05-27
DE102010017874A1 (de) 2011-10-27
CN102859618A (zh) 2013-01-02
US8461951B2 (en) 2013-06-11
WO2011131167A3 (fr) 2011-12-29
BR112013008688A2 (pt) 2022-03-03
US20130076462A1 (en) 2013-03-28
WO2011131167A2 (fr) 2011-10-27
RU2547815C2 (ru) 2015-04-10
DE102010017874B4 (de) 2013-09-05
ES2558749T3 (es) 2016-02-08
SI2561523T1 (sl) 2016-03-31
CN102859618B (zh) 2016-05-04
EP2561523A2 (fr) 2013-02-27

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