EP2558650B1 - Fondation off shore - Google Patents

Fondation off shore Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2558650B1
EP2558650B1 EP11702938.9A EP11702938A EP2558650B1 EP 2558650 B1 EP2558650 B1 EP 2558650B1 EP 11702938 A EP11702938 A EP 11702938A EP 2558650 B1 EP2558650 B1 EP 2558650B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
anchoring element
shear
protection elements
water
element according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP11702938.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2558650A1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Maier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voith Patent GmbH
Original Assignee
Voith Patent GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voith Patent GmbH filed Critical Voith Patent GmbH
Publication of EP2558650A1 publication Critical patent/EP2558650A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2558650B1 publication Critical patent/EP2558650B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D13/00Accessories for placing or removing piles or bulkheads, e.g. noise attenuating chambers
    • E02D13/04Guide devices; Guide frames
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/52Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an anchoring element for a hydraulic system, in particular a mooring block or a gravity foundation for an offshore power generation plant or a centering and guiding aid for a monopile foundation and a hole in the body of water.
  • a weight is typically sunk, from which a connecting chain is guided to an anchor buoy.
  • This is exemplified in the US 2008/0112759 A1 directed. From this document go down to the bottom of the water lattice baskets that are filled with rocks.
  • a pile foundation (monopile) is used for plant foundation in a rocky body of water as an alternative to a gravity foundation
  • anchoring elements serve to center the hole to be made for the pile foundation and to secure the immediate footing of the foundation - this is on EP 1 988 219 A1 directed.
  • heavy anchoring elements are placed on the bottom of the water.
  • GB 1 492 562 A a pile foundation for an oil platform, for which a foundation element is first deposited on the bottom of the water and then by the pressing of piles, which extend from the foundation element, is secured. The piles are extended by means of a back pressure by pumping seawater into a sealed receiving space for the piles. After extension, the receiving space is filled with sand.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an anchoring element for a hydraulic system, which relies on its own gravity on the body of water, the ballast weight used is low in relation to the load limiting loads, so that an installation with a simplified ship's vehicle is possible.
  • the anchoring element should be particularly suitable for stony and rocky surfaces and are characterized by a long service life and by design and manufacturing simplicity.
  • the inventors have recognized that in side guides in Anchoring element movably arranged shear securing elements that wedge after weaning on the bottom of the water in the unevenness of the ground, significantly increase the capacity of the anchoring element against transverse forces.
  • the shear securing elements used for this move only because of their own weight. Accordingly, the side guides transmit lateral forces, but leave each individual one of the thrust securing elements a degree of translational freedom, so that the thrust securing elements can extend without contact to the body of water without additional Aktorik.
  • Each of the thrust securing elements will occupy a certain equilibrium position when depositing the anchoring element on the bottom of the water.
  • High loads on the anchoring element, in particular lateral forces, can lead to the movement of the entire anchoring element, without the individual contact points of the shear securing elements are significantly changed on the riverbed, i. the anchoring element clings as it were with the freely movable extendable Schubêts instituten in the relief of the substrate.
  • the thrust securing elements are applied in a form-fitting manner to recesses in the body of the anchoring element, so that the walls of the recesses constitute the lateral guides for the thrust securing elements.
  • the recesses are formed as passage openings in the anchoring element, so that the thrust securing elements can be inserted from above into the passage openings and a suitable fall-out, for example in the form of a flared expanded cross section in the head area include.
  • the side guides are formed in the contact area to the thrust securing elements in the form of seawater-resistant plain bearings.
  • the side guides themselves and / or passing with the side guides in contact parts of the thrust securing elements are covered with a suitable plain bearing material.
  • a particularly hard-soft pairing has proven to be particularly durable. That is, one of the contact surfaces is covered with a heavy duty polymer, such as Orkot®, while the mating surface is made of a hard material, such as stainless steel.
  • Orkot® a heavy duty polymer
  • the mating surface is made of a hard material, such as stainless steel.
  • the essential part of the anchoring element and the thrust securing elements can be made of a concrete material. Fiber concrete is particularly suitable for reasons of strength.
  • the wall of the receptacles in the anchoring element can be covered with said plain bearing material, while the thrust securing elements are in the form of steel tubes, which are poured to increase the dead weight with concrete.
  • the lateral guides for the thrust securing elements are provided in the form of spaced plates, for example of steel, with through openings through which thrust securing elements are guided.
  • the thrust securing elements are provided with different cross sections, which are adapted to the dimensioning of the passage openings, that the thrust securing elements are secured against falling out.
  • the thrust securing elements are immediately adjacent to each other and have positive contact surfaces, which serve to realize the side guides and allow mutual sliding respectively adjacent thrust securing elements in the intended direction of free movement translation direction.
  • the thrust securing elements it is particularly conceivable to form the thrust securing elements as a matching dimensioned cuboid, which are surrounded by a frame-shaped element, which leads the thrust securing elements laterally against each other. The arrangement is supplemented by a fall protection.
  • the anchoring element according to the invention can stand for at least three thrust securing elements when depositing on a body of water for a first embodiment.
  • the other elements are freely movable, that is they are not led to an end stop and thus do not take on the weight of the anchoring element.
  • due to their intrinsic gravity they press on an assigned contact point on the bottom of the river and, via the respective lateral guide, absorb the transverse forces acting on the anchoring element.
  • the anchoring element on another separate component.
  • this is the load-receiving frame of the anchoring element itself.
  • the vertical loads are intercepted at support points on which lifting devices for leveling the anchoring element are provided.
  • Such an embodiment can serve in particular for realizing a gravity foundation with an anchoring element according to the invention for establishing an offshore power generation plant. Accordingly, a centering and guiding aid for securing a hole in the riverbed or to create a monopile foundation can be realized by means of an anchoring element according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1a shows in cross-sectional view an anchoring element 1 according to the invention, which comprises a cuboid concrete block 11 as a ballast weight 2. Shown is the lowering of a chain 10, which at the side Fastening 9.1, 9.2 is supported. An anchoring element designed in this way is preferably used as a mooring block.
  • recesses 4.1 - 4.11 for receiving thrust securing elements 3.1 - 3.11 created.
  • the recesses 4.1-4.11 are preferably arranged in the form of a matrix and, for the present embodiment, in the form of passage openings which extend from the top side 38 of the concrete block to the bottom area 39.
  • the longitudinal axes of the recesses 4.1 - 4.11 are substantially vertical to the bottom surface 39 provided as a standing surface.
  • a certain angle of attack is conceivable, which however is chosen to be steep and preferably ⁇ 45 ° and particularly preferably ⁇ 20 °, so that the thrust securing elements 3.1 - 3.11 overcome the frictional forces in the side guides and extend out of the recesses 4.1 - 4.11 due to their own weight in the intended for lowering orientation.
  • the thrust securing elements 3.1 - 3.11 are present in a cylindrical shape and run to a point. Furthermore, they have in the head area on a stop 7, which is applied in the form of a relation to the cross section of the recesses 4.1 - 4.11 oversized collar and forms a fall-out.
  • side guides 5 for the thrust securing elements 3.1- 3.11 are respectively the walls of the recesses 4.1 - 4.11, which are positively applied to the lateral surface of the thrust securing elements 3.1 - 3.11.
  • the walls 12 are preferably covered with a plain bearing material 6.
  • a plain bearing material 6 serves the frictional forces between the side guide 5 and the thrust securing element 3.1 - 3.11 to reduce so far that the weight of the thrust securing elements 3.1 - 3.11 sufficient to extend out of the recess 4.1 - 4.11.
  • the abrasion on the thrust securing element 3.1 - 3.11 or on the walls 12 of the recesses 4.1 - 4.11 should be reduced in a constant movement of the anchoring element 1 under changing Aufömungs committee or due to wave movements.
  • FIG. 1b shows the situation after the placement of the anchoring element 1 on the body of water 8.
  • the concrete block 11 rests at the support points 37.1, 37.2 on the bottom of the water 8.
  • at least three support points are present, which is not shown in the schematically simplified cross-sectional view.
  • the anchoring element 1 is not supported directly on the thrust securing elements 3.1 - 3.11. However, these are either in contact with the body of water 8 or are in a final position and are held by the fall-out. The latter case applies to the thrust securing element 3.6.
  • the further thrust securing elements 3.1-3.5, 3.8-3.11 load with their own weight on the body of water 8 and assume an individual position as a function of the distance between the bottom area 29 of the concrete block 11 and the body of the water 8. So they follow the profile profile of the body of water 8 and engage in recesses so that the forces acting on the anchoring element 1 forces do not lead to a shift of the contact points.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b show a design alternative of the anchoring element 1 in cross-sectional view before and after settling on the body of water 8.
  • the schematically illustrated thrust securing elements 3.1 - 3.7 are used to form the side guide 5 in through holes in a first guide plate 13 and a second guide plate 15, which are spaced parallel to each other, held.
  • the first guide plate 13 and the second guide plate 15 are laterally cast in the concrete blocks 11.1, 11.2, which form the essential part of the weight 2.
  • the arrangement is covered by a cover plate 20, which is formed in correspondence with the first guide plate 13 and the second guide plate 15 of a corrosion-resistant, sufficiently solid material.
  • these components can be applied as steel plates or as components made of fiber concrete.
  • a lower through-opening 14 in the first guide plate 13 and an upper through-opening 16 aligned therewith in the second guide plate 15 are applied for the thrust securing element 3.1.
  • the thrust securing element 3.1 is guided laterally at a steep angle, preferably ⁇ 20 ° and particularly preferably substantially perpendicular to the setting direction.
  • the narrower applied lower cylinder cross-section 17 of the thrust securing elements 3.1 - 3.11 engages through the lower passage opening 14.
  • this is too narrow for the widened upper cylinder portion 18, whereby a fall-out 36 is realized.
  • the upper cylinder portion 18 fits through the further applied, upper passage opening 16 and extends for the in FIG.
  • FIG. 2b shows the situation of the remote on the bottom of the river 8 anchoring element 1 FIG. 2a , It can be seen that the thrust securing elements 3.1 and 3.6 absorb the vertical loads of the anchoring element 1. Shown are the associated support points 37.1, 37.2. A necessary for the safe state third support point is not shown in the simplified cross-sectional view.
  • the load-receiving thrust securing elements 3.1 and 3.6 are then in each case in the region of its head 19 on the inside of the cover plate 20 at. Lateral forces are introduced at the lower passage opening 14 in the first guide plate 13 and the upper passage opening 16 in the second guide plate 15.
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b sketch a further embodiment of the invention.
  • the concrete blocks 11.1, 11.2 and the cover plate 20 form part of an upwardly closed frame 40 for the accurately fitting thrust securing elements 3.1 - 3.6.
  • These are designed so that each individual thrust securing element 3.1 - 3.6. a contact surface 21.1, 21.2, 21.3 to an adjacent element which allows a positive sliding in the direction provided for the extension direction, in this case the vertical.
  • the thrust securing elements 3.1 - 3.6 are selected as cuboid concrete blocks. These can be used for abrasion protection with a sliding bearing material, which is not shown in the figure sketch.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further development of the invention in the form of a gravity foundation 22 for an offshore power plant on which a wind turbine or, as shown here, a tidal turbine can be placed. Shown is a nacelle 27 with a water turbine rotating around it 28 and a subsequent tower adapter 26 which is placed on the coupling element 25 on the foundation-side support structure 24.
  • the gravity foundation 22 comprises an anchoring element 1 with slide securing elements 3.1-3.8 arranged vertically movably in recesses 4.1-4.8. These drive in the storage of the gravity foundation 22 on the body of water 8 while maintaining the ground contact and thus form the adapted bottom portion 39 of the gravity foundation 22nd
  • the gravity foundation is leveled by the lifting devices 23.1 and 23.3, which support the weight force of the gravity foundation 22. Accordingly, the vertically freely movable thrust securing elements 3.1 - 3.8 capture a substantial portion of the lateral forces acting on the gravity foundation 22 during operation of the system.
  • the stability of the gravity foundation 22 can be increased by supplying a cement mixture to a further production step via a feed channel 35 for filling cavities.
  • the thrust securing 3.1 - 3.8 serve the initial stability during installation until the cement paste is finally cured.
  • FIG. 5 shows a centering and guide aid 30 for a hole, such as to form a monopile foundation.
  • a foundation element Shown again is a foundation element, with a concrete block 11, which serves as a ballast weight 2 and at the same time as a support component.
  • thrust securing elements 3.1 - 3.8 are applied by means of their own weight in the recesses 4.1-4.8 vertically freely movable. These in turn serve to adapt to the course of the body of water 8.
  • the lifting devices 23.1, 23.2 can be lowered by the guide tube 31, a drill pipe 32 centered with the drill head 33 in a borehole 34.
  • the side guides 5 for the thrust securing elements 3.1 - 3.11 create so that they extend in an angular position to the setting direction. Furthermore, it is possible to divide the thrust securing elements 3.1 - 3.11 into different groups, the differ by their extension direction and by their weight or their extension length or with respect to the design of the contact area to the river bottom. Furthermore, the entire outer surface of the anchoring element 1 can be covered with thrust securing elements 3.1 - 3.11, wherein only a part of the thrust securing elements 3.1 - 3.11 comes into contact with the body of water 8 as a function of the depositing direction. As a result, the anchoring element 1 can be placed independently of the direction of the body of water 8, which simplifies the installation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Élément d'ancrage (1) pour une installation d'ouvrage hydraulique avec au moins une masse de lest (2) pour l'alourdir, laquelle masse de lest (2) comprend une zone de fond (39), caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'ancrage (1) comprend plusieurs éléments de sûreté en poussée (3.1-3.11) qui sont disposés de façon à pouvoir être introduits en étant librement mobiles sur des guides latéraux (5) dans l'élément d'ancrage (1), de telle sorte qu'avant que l'élément d'ancrage soit posé au fond de l'eau (8), les éléments de sûreté en poussée (3.1-3.11) dépassent au-dessus de la zone de fond (39) et sont retenus par des sûretés antichute (36.1-36.6), les éléments de sûreté en poussée (3.1-3.11) ne pesant que par leur poids propre sur le fond de l'eau (8) lors du contact avec le fond et rentrant individuellement le long de chaque guide latéral (5) jusqu'à ce que l'élément d'ancrage (1) prenne une position d'équilibre.
  2. Élément d'ancrage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chacun des éléments de sûreté en poussée (3.1-3.11) est disposé à l'intérieur d'une cavité (4.1-4.11) dans l'élément d'ancrage (1) et les parois (12) des cavités (4.1-4.11) forment les guides latéraux (5).
  3. Élément d'ancrage selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les guides latéraux (5) et/ou des parties des éléments de sûreté en poussée (3.1-3.11) venant en contact avec les guides latéraux (5) sont revêtus d'un matériau formant un palier de glissement (6).
  4. Élément d'ancrage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie des éléments de sûreté en poussée (3.1-3.11) sont en appui latéral direct les uns sur les autres, les différents éléments de sûreté en poussée (3.1-3.11) pouvant glisser les uns sur les autres et le guide latéral (5) étant réalisé par les surfaces d'appui mutuelles d'éléments de sûreté en poussée (3.1-3.11) limitrophes les uns des autres.
  5. Élément d'ancrage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de sûreté en poussée (3.1-3.11) sont retenus afin de les empêcher de tomber hors de l'élément d'ancrage (1).
  6. Élément d'ancrage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'ancrage (1) est fabriqué au moins en partie en béton avec un adjuvant fibreux.
  7. Élément d'ancrage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'ancrage (1) comprend un dispositif de levage (23.1, 23.2) pour ajuster son niveau après qu'il a été posé au fond de l'eau (8).
  8. Installation d'ouvrage hydraulique avec un élément d'ancrage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, laquelle installation d'ouvrage hydraulique sert de fondation gravitaire (22) pour une installation de génération d'énergie offshore (29) ou comme bloc d'amarrage ou comme aide au centrage et au guidage (30) pour la création d'une fondation monopile ou pour un forage au fond de l'eau (8).
EP11702938.9A 2010-04-16 2011-02-03 Fondation off shore Not-in-force EP2558650B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010015533A DE102010015533B3 (de) 2010-04-16 2010-04-16 Verankerungselement für eine wasserbauliche Anlage
PCT/EP2011/000482 WO2011128006A1 (fr) 2010-04-16 2011-02-03 Élément d'ancrage conçu pour une installation hydraulique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2558650A1 EP2558650A1 (fr) 2013-02-20
EP2558650B1 true EP2558650B1 (fr) 2016-08-24

Family

ID=43624663

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11702938.9A Not-in-force EP2558650B1 (fr) 2010-04-16 2011-02-03 Fondation off shore

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20130101359A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2558650B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5630929B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20130060192A (fr)
CA (1) CA2796547A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102010015533B3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011128006A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009051425A1 (de) * 2009-10-30 2011-05-05 Voith Patent Gmbh Strömungskraftwerk und Verfahren für dessen Erstellung
WO2011116817A1 (fr) * 2010-03-24 2011-09-29 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Procédé permettant de construire des fondations
KR101337646B1 (ko) * 2011-07-08 2013-12-05 삼성중공업 주식회사 해상 풍력 발전기, 해상 풍력 발전기 이송용 리프팅 지그 및 이를 이용한 해상 풍력 발전기 설치 방법 및 시스템
GB2585375B (en) * 2019-07-04 2022-02-09 Subsea 7 Ltd Sliding subsea foundation mat
CN110500223A (zh) * 2019-09-12 2019-11-26 上海交通大学 采用侧向张紧辅助的潮流能水轮机导管架式支撑基础
NL2025306B1 (en) * 2020-04-08 2021-10-25 Heerema Marine Contractors Nl Devices and methods for installing piles into the ground or seabed
CN114919691B (zh) * 2022-06-07 2023-08-15 中广核新能源六安有限公司 浮动式水上光伏锚固装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102010015533B3 (de) 2011-05-05
WO2011128006A1 (fr) 2011-10-20
EP2558650A1 (fr) 2013-02-20
CA2796547A1 (fr) 2011-10-20
US20130101359A1 (en) 2013-04-25
KR20130060192A (ko) 2013-06-07
JP5630929B2 (ja) 2014-11-26
JP2013525629A (ja) 2013-06-20

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