EP2743404B1 - Procédé de réalisation d'un ouvrage offshore - Google Patents

Procédé de réalisation d'un ouvrage offshore Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2743404B1
EP2743404B1 EP20130195589 EP13195589A EP2743404B1 EP 2743404 B1 EP2743404 B1 EP 2743404B1 EP 20130195589 EP20130195589 EP 20130195589 EP 13195589 A EP13195589 A EP 13195589A EP 2743404 B1 EP2743404 B1 EP 2743404B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
jacket
foundation
supporting leg
supporting
ballast
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20130195589
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2743404A1 (fr
Inventor
Florian Tom Wörden
Falk Lüddecke
Walid Kh. A. Al Otaibi
Heinricht Josef Michael Freisen
Daniel Bartminn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Innogy SE
Original Assignee
RWE Innogy GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2743404A1 publication Critical patent/EP2743404A1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
    • E02D27/425—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys specially adapted for wind motors masts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/02—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto
    • E02B17/027—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto steel structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0056—Platforms with supporting legs
    • E02B2017/006—Platforms with supporting legs with lattice style supporting legs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0056—Platforms with supporting legs
    • E02B2017/0073—Details of sea bottom engaging footing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0091—Offshore structures for wind turbines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the construction of an offshore structure in the form of a jacket foundation.
  • the so-called "jacket” is a truss structure made of steel, which is similar to the construction of conventional electricity pylons.
  • Jackets comprise three or more support legs that are anchored with foundation piles in the seabed. The support legs are braced with each other, so that the construction can be created relatively low in weight, in particular due to the number of support legs.
  • Jackets eg in the DE 20 2011 101 599 U , routed with the foundation piles, ie connected with a hardenable potting compound with the foundation piles.
  • a hardenable potting compound with the foundation piles.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for the construction of an offshore structure in the form of a jacket foundation, which is simplified compared to the known methods.
  • the disadvantage of the method is that the position of the jacket in the not completely clamped state during hardening of the potting compound is simply statically overdetermined.
  • the object is achieved by a method for the construction of an offshore structure with the features of claim 1.
  • the object is further achieved by a foundation of an offshore structure with the features of claim 9.
  • Advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.
  • a method of constructing an offshore structure in the form of a jacket foundation wherein the jacket has at least four support legs anchored to foundation piles inserted into the seabed, the jacket at least on the foundation piles under load transfer to the seabed and then setting the support legs with a curable potting compound in the foundation piles, leveling the jacket before and / or during potting, and balancing the jacket so that, prior to cure of the potting compound, load transfer into the seabed substantially only three support legs under relief of a fourth support leg.
  • the invention can be summarized to the effect that the jacket is loaded and / or tilted in a detached state by utilizing the center of gravity so that a support leg is completely relieved, so that a statically determined position or support is guaranteed on only three support legs.
  • At least one support leg is provided with a ballast or is already provided at the factory with a ballast, so that after settling of the jacket at least one of the ballasted support leg opposite support leg is relieved.
  • the mass of the ballast can be chosen so that the ballast compensates just the buoyancy force that would be experienced by the relevant support leg after settling when passing a wave.
  • the load-bearing support leg prefferably be the support leg facing the main shaft-striking direction and / or the main wind direction.
  • the passage of the shaft results in high pressure and low pulling forces on the leeward side and vice versa on the windward side
  • the jacket is positioned so that a support leg defines the leeward side and an opposite support leg the windward side.
  • that support leg which is or is provided with ballast, this, which has the smallest distance to the center of mass of the jacket.
  • This turns the jacket around an imaginary line connecting the support leg with the second largest distance and the support leg with the third largest distance to the center of gravity displaced or loaded in the direction of the support leg with the smallest distance to the center of mass.
  • the jacket is placed on provided on the support leg brackets, so-called brackets.
  • the brackets may be formed, for example, as a single bearing, multiple bearings and fully around the support legs circumferential cuffs. Thus, they can be designed so that the brackets rest only selectively on the foundation piles, preferably parallel to the lattice structure of the jackets, so that thereby a clear storage is achieved.
  • shim plates or spacers placed between the brackets and the foundation piles, for example made of steel, wood, cork or an elastomer or a combination of different materials.
  • the foundation piles may be provided with a load-bearing, self-leveling filling to a predetermined level before the jacket settles, and for the jacket to be deposited on the filling in the foundation pile under load transfer to the seabed , Again, for example, be provided that the leveling takes place with the aid of spacers.
  • spacers may for example have been stored on the filling of the foundation piles or pre-assembled on the support legs.
  • a filling for example, a flowable concrete into consideration.
  • the invention further comprises a foundation of an offshore structure as a jacket foundation with at least four support legs and at least four foundation piles inserted into the seabed, wherein the support feet are shed under load transfer into the seabed in the foundation piles, wherein at least one support foot provided with a ballast and wherein a support leg has a greater mass than any other support leg.
  • ballast sand, concrete, gravel or other potting or filling provided.
  • ballast can already be provided in the factory in the support foot.
  • a supporting foot opposing the support foot provided with the ballast is designed as a buoyancy body or is provided with buoyancy bodies, so that the mass of the ballast in the other support leg can thereby be kept relatively low.
  • a foundation of an offshore structure is provided as jacket foundation with at least three, preferably four support legs and at least a corresponding number of foundation piles inserted into the seabed, wherein the support legs shed under load transfer into the seabed in the foundation piles are, wherein the foundation is characterized in that at least one support leg has at least one bracket on which at least one at least partially dissolvable under seawater action support body is provided.
  • the support body comprises an elastomeric pad.
  • the support body may comprise an aluminum pad or be formed as an aluminum bearing.
  • this aluminum bearing can be designed so that it comes with the additional loads on the jacket, for example in the form of tower and nacelle, in the plastic area, so no additional loads more accommodates.
  • the aluminum bearing or aluminum cushion can cathodically dissolve in seawater, so that ultimately the load is removed exclusively via the routed support legs.
  • FIG. 1 the anchoring structure of an offshore structure is represented as a so-called jacket 1.
  • the jacket 1 is anchored by means of support legs 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d via foundation piles 3 in the subsoil 4.
  • the foundation piles 3 were rinsed, drilled or rammed before placing the jacket 1 in the seabed.
  • Each foundation pile 3 receives a support leg 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d.
  • the support legs carry a truss-like steel grid construction, which forms the jacket 1.
  • the jacket 1 carries a tower structure 5, which is only hinted at and which receives, for example, a wind power generator with rotor. Alternatively, the jacket 1 carries a transformer station, a measuring mast or another installation. How this in particular the FIG. 3 it can be seen, emerges each of the support legs 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d over a given embedding length in a foundation pile 3, which is designed for example as a steel pipe and was rammed into the seabed 4.
  • foundation piles 3 After setting the foundation piles 3 they are optionally drilled and / or rinsed out, d. H. over a given length of the sediment / rock penetrated in these freed, or it is made the required for Vergrouten within the foundation pile height level.
  • a filling 5 in the form of a flowable self-compacting concrete or a casting resin or sand or similar material.
  • the support legs 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d may be provided with a bracket 6, which is supported after discontinuation of the jacket 1 on the respective foundation pile 3 and thus removes the weight of the jacket 1 in the seabed 4.
  • the support legs 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d vergroutet, d. H. the remaining annular space 7 or free space between the respective support leg 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and the foundation pile 3 is filled with a hardenable potting compound.
  • the method according to the invention provides that at least one support leg, in the present case the support leg designated 2d, which in FIG. 3 is shown, is filled with a ballast 8 or will.
  • the choice of ballast to be provided support leg is made depending on the center of gravity, the mass and the expected wave load.
  • the position of the support legs 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d is in particular from the plan view in FIG FIG. 2 can be seen, where 9 with the center of gravity of the jacket 1 is designated and the arrow indicates the main shaft direction of the anchored in the seabed 4 jacket.
  • the jacket 1 is set up such that the support leg 2d is arranged on the leeward side of the jacket and forms the support leg which is the third distance from the mass shunt point 9.
  • the support legs 2a, 2b and 2c are designed without ballast, wherein the ballast 8 in the support leg 2d is dimensioned so that the load of the jacket 1 is removed via the support legs 2b, 2c, 2d, each of which is arranged closer to the Massenschertician 9 as the support leg 2a, which faces the main shaft direction and forms the windward side of the jacket 1.
  • the load distribution of the support legs 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d ensures a stable support of the jacket on the support legs 2a, 2c and 2d, whereas the support leg 2a is relieved and Buoyancy.
  • a tilting moment about the imaginary line between the support legs 2b and 2c is initiated, which has a load on the support leg 2d result.
  • the potting compound is then introduced into the annular space 7 between the respective support legs 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and the foundation pile. If the potting compound cured, the load is carried over all supporting legs 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, which are then firmly clamped.
  • the relevant support leg 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d may be supported on the filling 5 via a support cross 11 of sheets.
  • a compensation of height tolerances can be made, for example, by appropriate Unterlegstoff between filling 5 and support cross 11.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Procédé de réalisation d'un ouvrage offshore sous la forme d'une fondation de caisson de support, le caisson de support (1) présentant au moins quatre pieds de support (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d), qui sont ancrés dans des pieux de fondation (3) enfoncés dans le fond marin (4), le caisson de support (1) étant d'abord abaissé sur les pieux de fondation (3) par transfert de charge dans le fond marin (4) puis les pieds de support (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) étant fixés avec une masse de coulée durcissable dans les pieux de fondation (3), le caisson de support (1), avant et/ou pendant la coulée, étant nivelé et le caisson de support (1) étant équilibré de telle sorte qu'avant le durcissement de la masse de coulée un transfert de charge dans le fond marin (4) se produise essentiellement par le biais de trois pieds de support (2b, 2c, 2d) en déchargeant un quatrième pied de support (2a).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un pied de support (2d) est muni d'un ballast et est prévu de telle sorte qu'après l'abaissement du caisson de support (1) au moins un pied de support (2a) opposé au pied de support (2d) pourvu du ballast soit déchargé.
  3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le pied de support déchargé (2a) est le pied de support tourné dans la direction principale d'attaque des vagues et/ou dans la direction principale du vent.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'on choisit en tant que pieds de support (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) par le biais desquels un transfert de charge s'effectue avant le durcissement de la masse de coulée, les pieds de support (2b, 2c, 2d) qui sont disposés le plus près du centre de gravité de masse (9) du caisson de support (1).
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le pied de support (2d) qui est pourvu de ballast est celui qui est situé le plus près du centre de gravité de masse (9) du caisson de support (1).
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le caisson de support (1) est abaissé sur des consoles (6) prévues au niveau des pieds de support (2b, 2c, 2d).
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les pieux de fondation (3), avant l'abaissement du caisson de support (1) jusqu'à un niveau prédéfini, sont pourvus d'une charge de remplissage (5) portante, auto-nivelante, et en ce que le caisson de support (1) est abaissé sur la charge de remplissage (5) par transfert de charge dans le fond marin (4).
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le nivellement s'effectue à l'aide d'éléments d'espacement (10).
  9. Fondation d'un ouvrage offshore en tant que fondation de caisson de support comprenant au moins quatre pieds de support (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) et au moins quatre pieux de fondation (3) enfoncés dans le fond marin (4), les pieds de support (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) étant coulés dans les pieux de fondation par transfert de charge dans le fond marin, caractérisée en ce qu'un pied de support (2d) est pourvu d'un ballast (8) et en ce qu'un pied de support (2d) présente une plus grande masse que chaque autre pied de support (2a, 2b, 2c).
  10. Fondation selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que l'on prévoit comme ballast (8), du sable, du béton, du gravier ou une autre masse de remplissage ou de coulée.
  11. Fondation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 ou 10, caractérisée en ce qu'un pied de support (2a) opposé au pied de support (2d) pourvu du ballast (8) est réalisé sous forme de corps flotteur ou est pourvu de corps flotteurs.
  12. Fondation selon le préambule de la revendication 9, caractérise en ce qu'au moins un pied de support (2b, 2c, 2d) présente au moins une console sur laquelle est prévu au moins un corps de support érodable au moins en partie sous l'effet de l'eau de mer.
  13. Fondation selon la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce que le corps de support comprend un coussin en élastomère.
  14. Fondation selon la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce que le corps de support comprend un coussin en aluminium.
EP20130195589 2012-12-17 2013-12-04 Procédé de réalisation d'un ouvrage offshore Active EP2743404B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012024565 2012-12-17
DE201210025120 DE102012025120A1 (de) 2012-12-17 2012-12-21 Verfahren zur Errichtung eines Offshore-Bauwerks

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EP2743404A1 EP2743404A1 (fr) 2014-06-18
EP2743404B1 true EP2743404B1 (fr) 2015-03-11

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DE (1) DE102012025120A1 (fr)

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CN104060625B (zh) * 2014-06-11 2016-02-10 河海大学 一种钢杆连接竖直桩与斜桩的海上风电基础
CN105064395B (zh) * 2015-09-06 2017-03-22 中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司 海上风机基础及其施工方法

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NO339381B1 (no) * 2009-07-22 2016-12-05 Owec Tower As Fremgangsmåte og anordning for å kontrollere kraftoverføring mellom en struktur og dens fundament under installasjon
DE202011101599U1 (de) * 2011-05-12 2011-09-23 Emilio Reales Bertomeo Offshore-Fundament für Windenergieanlagen

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DE102012025120A1 (de) 2014-07-03

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