EP2541577A1 - Elektrisches Gerät - Google Patents

Elektrisches Gerät Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2541577A1
EP2541577A1 EP11172220A EP11172220A EP2541577A1 EP 2541577 A1 EP2541577 A1 EP 2541577A1 EP 11172220 A EP11172220 A EP 11172220A EP 11172220 A EP11172220 A EP 11172220A EP 2541577 A1 EP2541577 A1 EP 2541577A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spring
terminal
spring terminal
middle section
solder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11172220A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jifeng Qin
Shaoyu Sun
Dongjian Song
Zhouquan He
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TDK Electronics AG
Original Assignee
Epcos AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Epcos AG filed Critical Epcos AG
Priority to EP11172220A priority Critical patent/EP2541577A1/de
Priority to CN 201120352716 priority patent/CN202384588U/zh
Priority to PCT/EP2012/061882 priority patent/WO2013000796A2/en
Publication of EP2541577A1 publication Critical patent/EP2541577A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H01H37/761—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors
    • H01C7/126—Means for protecting against excessive pressure or for disconnecting in case of failure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H01H37/761—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit
    • H01H2037/762—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit using a spring for opening the circuit when the fusible element melts
    • H01H2037/763—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit using a spring for opening the circuit when the fusible element melts the spring being a blade spring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/041—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges characterised by the type
    • H01H85/048—Fuse resistors
    • H01H2085/0486—Fuse resistors with voltage dependent resistor, e.g. varistor

Definitions

  • the invention concerns an electric device comprising an electric element.
  • An electric device e.g. comprising a varistor, may catch fire under abnormal overvoltage conditions.
  • An electric device including a thermal fuse and a varistor may be considered as a thermal fuse varistor.
  • the device may be a hybrid design of a varistor and a thermal fuse that is designed in such way that varistor functions and thermal fuse functions are integrated.
  • the thermal fuse may be formed by a fusible joint that may include solder.
  • the amount of solder may influence the quality of the fusible joint. On the one hand too little solder may cause disconnection during the normal operation mode; on the other hand too much solder may cause solder bridges when the joint melts, which means that the electric element and the spring are still connected by solder though they have moved apart. It is an aim of the invention to ensure that the thermal fuse has a given quality, so that disconnection during normal operation and solder bridges in case of abnormal overvoltage conditions are prevented.
  • an electric device comprising an electric element, which comprises an element terminal, and a conductive spring being deflected.
  • the spring has a spring terminal that is electrically connected to the element terminal by a fusible joint wherein a spacer is located on one of the element terminal and the spring terminal.
  • the element terminal and the spring terminal are coupled by the fusible joint that may solder the terminals together by low melting point solder, so that the power supply can be applied to the element via the spring.
  • the joint melts, thereby disconnecting the terminals, which enables relaxation of the spring and the formation of an open circuit.
  • the spacer forms a gap and defines the width of this gap between connection sides of the spring and element terminals.
  • the amount of solder that can be placed between the terminals is determined by the width of the gap, which ensures that a given amount of solder is provided between the spring terminal and the element terminal causing sufficient soldering strength in order to withstand high surge current between the spring and the element.
  • the height of the spacer determines the quality of the fusible joint.
  • solder bridge between the spring terminal and the element terminal may be formed after melting of the fuse and movement of the terminals, which causes high fire risk during abnormal overvoltage conditions.
  • the spring may be a flat spring that is formed by a bent metal sheet.
  • the spring comprises a special spring terminal having an improved terminal shape.
  • the element terminal may have an improved terminal shape.
  • the spring not only has a spring function but also serves as a conduction path.
  • Such a spring can be used e.g. in a thermal fuse varistor or in connection with other electrical or electronic components.
  • the flat spring has high reliability to withstand high surge current and, on the other hand, can disconnect the varistor from the power supply without residual electric current under abnormal overvoltage conditions.
  • the spacer is formed as an elevation that is located on one of a connection side of the element terminal and a connection side of the spring terminal, the connection side of the element terminal facing the connection side of the spring terminal.
  • a spring comprising the spacer may be manufactured in an easy way.
  • the fusible joint may comprise solder located between the connection side of the element terminal and the connection side of the spring terminal.
  • the spring terminal moves away from the element terminal when the joint fuses. Since the amount of solder is defined by the spacer, solder bridges may be prevented.
  • the spring terminal comprises a plane part, an elevation, which serves as spacer, being a part of the spring terminal that is bent with respect to the plane part.
  • a spring may be formed by a bent metal sheet and is a one-piece press-bent part.
  • the spring terminal is formed by an end section of the spring that further comprises an elastically deformable S-shape section.
  • the spring is a flat spring comprising a bent elongate section having a flat cross section.
  • the spring may comprise a middle section, the width of the spring terminal being smaller than the width of the middle section so that the distance between a lateral side of the spring terminal and an adjacent housing wall is greater than the distance between a lateral side of the middle section and the housing wall.
  • An improved fuse that prevents solder bridges is also achieved by a device comprising an electric element, which comprises a body and an element terminal, and a conductive spring being deflected.
  • the spring has a spring terminal that is electrically connected to the element terminal by a fusible joint, and a housing. The distance between a lateral side of the spring terminal and an adjacent housing wall is greater than the distance between a lateral side of the middle section and the housing wall.
  • the gap between a spring terminal having a symmetrical and uniform form and the inner surface of an outer enclosure may be too small, which may cause that the melted solder will adhere to the outer enclosure thereby forming a solder bridge between the spring terminal and the element terminal, which increases the fire risk.
  • the device may have an improved spring terminal ensuring certain quantity of the solder joint, which will keep steady soldering strength between the spring terminal and the element terminal and provide sufficient gap width between the spring terminal and the wall of the outer enclosure.
  • the reduced width may be achieved by a step that is provided between the lateral side of the spring terminal and the lateral side of the middle section facing the housing wall of an outer cover.
  • the spring may be fixed to the housing so that the spring is deflected, wherein the spring terminal moves away from the element terminal when the joint fuses.
  • Figure 1 shows a front view of the inside of an embodiment of an electric device 1 that comprises a housing. Top and bottom covers of the housing are not shown for clarity reasons. Further, the housing comprises an inner wall 3 having a first side 31 and a second side 32. The device 1 further comprises a first, a second and a third electrode 4, 5, 6. Driving potentials can be applied to the device 1 via the electrodes 4, 5, 6.
  • the device 1 comprises an electric element 2, which may be a standard electronic component, e.g. a varistor.
  • the element 2 is arranged between the top cover (not shown) and the first side 31 of the inner wall 3.
  • the element 2 comprises a body 15 and at least an element terminal 8 (not shown in figure 1 ), the latter being located on the side of the body 15 that faces the inner wall 3.
  • the terminal 8 may extend through a cut-out in inner wall 3.
  • the first electrode 4 is connected with the body 15 of element 2.
  • Figure 2 shows a back view of the inside of the embodiment of the electric device 1 shown in figure 1 .
  • a spring 7 is located between the bottom cover (not shown) and the second side 32 of the inner wall 3.
  • the conductive spring 7 may be formed as a stamping and/or bending part.
  • An end section of the spring 7 serves as spring terminal 9.
  • the other end section of the spring 7 is formed as second electrode 5.
  • the middle section 12 of the spring is S-shaped.
  • the spring terminal 9 is coupled with the element terminal 8 by means of a fusible joint 10 which may be formed by solder.
  • the spring 7 is fixed to the housing so that the spring 7 is in a deflected state if the spring terminal 9 is connected with the element terminal 8.
  • Power supply for the element 2 may be applied via the first and second electrodes 4, 5, the latter being coupled with the element terminal 8 via the fusible joint 10.
  • the element 2 may be a varistor and the second electrode 5 and the first electrode 4 may connected in parallel to a device or circuit to be protected.
  • the third electrode 6 may or may not be used for other purposes, e.g. indicating whether the spring and electrode terminals 9, 8 are electrically connected.
  • the fusible joint 10 melts, which enables relaxation of the spring 7 so that the spring terminal 9 of the spring 7 moves away from the element terminal 8 due to the elastic force of the spring 7, thereby electrically disconnecting the element terminal 8 and the spring terminal 9.
  • the fusible joint 10 serving as a thermal fuse having a low melting point temperature and acting as a solder joint between the spring terminal 9 and element terminal 8 , will melt and thereby form an open circuit due to the elasticity of the spring 7.
  • the electric current between the second electrode 5 and the element terminal 8 will be cut off and no overvoltage is applied to the element 2 anymore, which may prevent the element 2 from catching fire.
  • Figure 3 shows a three-dimensional view of an embodiment of a conductive spring 7.
  • the spring 7 has an end section serving as spring terminal 9, an S-shaped middle section 12 and a further end section formed as electrode 5.
  • the elasticity of the spring 7 enables movement of the spring terminal 9 with respect to the electrode 5.
  • the spring 7 is made by a bent metal sheet wherein at least the spring terminal 9 and the middle section 12 are of elongated flat band shaped metal that is bent.
  • the spring 7 may be made by L-shaped metal sheet, one arm forming the terminal 9 and the middle section 12 and the other arm forming the electrode 5.
  • the cross section of the metal sheet forming the spring 7 is flat, e.g. rectangular or ellipsoid.
  • the spring 7 formed by a bent metal sheet and having a flat rectangular cross section is considered as flat spring 7.
  • the spring terminal 9 and the middle section 12 have the same width.
  • the spring terminal 9 has a connection side 13 that faces the element terminal 8 if the spring 7 is mounted in the device 1.
  • An elevation is provided on the connection side 13, the elevation serving as spacer 11 between a connection side 18 of the element terminal 8 and the connection side 13 of the spring terminal 9. If the terminals 8, 9 are connected, the solder of the fusible joint 10 is provided between the connection sides 13, 18, where the elevation 11 defines the gap between the connection sides 13, 18.
  • Coupling the terminals 8, 9 includes moving the spring terminal 9 towards the element terminal 8 until the elevation 11 touches the element terminal 8 and inserting solder into the gap between the connection sides 13, 18 of the element terminal 8 and the spring terminal 9.
  • the spacer 11 enables to keep the gap width between the connection sides 13, 18 of the spring terminal 9 and the element terminal 8, thereby determining the amount of solder provided between the spring terminal 9 and the element terminal 8, which ensures a given quality of the solder connection between the terminals 8, 9. Ensuring that the giving solder quantity is provided causes steady soldering strength, which can withstand high surge current and melt without too much residual solder under abnormal overvoltage conditions.
  • the elevation 11 may be a tip with approximately or exactly 90° bending angle with respect to the plane connection side 13 of the spring terminal 9.
  • the elevation may be a bent part of the end section of the spring 7.
  • the spring 7 may be made of bronze, e.g. ISO type CuSn6, with tin or nickel plating. Such a spring 7 may be soldered with PCB in an easy way and has good electric conductivity and elasticity.
  • the spring 7 enables transition of high electric current during normal operation of the device 1 and forms an open circuit under abnormal overvoltage conditions with high action speed and high reliability.
  • Other materials e.g. steel alloy may be used.
  • the spring 77 may have a rectangular, ellipsoid or round cross section.
  • the spring 7 is not limited to a flat S-shaped spring. Other forms serving as spring 7 may be used, such a spring 7 being connected with the element terminal 8 during normal use and moving away from the element terminal 8 under abnormal overvoltage conditions, thereby disconnecting the element terminal 8 and the spring 7.
  • the flat spring 7, that withstands high surge current and has reliable disconnection characteristics, can be used in connection with a varistor as one embodiment of the element 2 or other electrical elements or components.
  • Figure 4 shows a three-dimensional view of a further embodiment of a spring 7.
  • the spring 7 has an end section serving as spring terminal 9, an S-shaped middle section 12 and a further end section formed as electrode 5.
  • the spring terminal 4 differs from the one shown in figure 3 .
  • the width of the spring terminal 9 shown in figure 4 is smaller than the width of middle section 12 of the spring 7, where the width is the distance between lateral sides of the respective section.
  • the lateral sides are the side of the spring 7 that face the inner wall 7 and the opposite side.
  • the reduced width of the spring terminal 9 results a in greater distance between the lateral side of the spring terminal 9 and inner surface of the top cover in comparison with the distance between the middle section 12 of the spring 7 and inner surface of the top cover if the spring 7 is mounted in the device 1.
  • solder melted during abnormal overvoltage conditions may adhere to the housing, which may form a solder bridge between the spring terminal 9 and the element terminal 8. Such a solder bridge may increase the fire risk.
  • the reduced width of the spring terminal 9 in comparison with the width of the middle section 12 increases the distance between the spring terminal 9 and the housing, thereby reducing the risk that the melted solder forms a solder bridge adhering on the inner surface of the housing if abnormal overvoltage conditions cause melting of the fusible joint 10. If the spring terminal 9 is disconnected from the element terminal 8, the electric current will be completely cut off without any residual electrical current that may flow via a solder bridge.
  • the spring terminal 9 is asymmetrical with respect to the symmetry axis of the middle section 12. In other words, there is a step 50 between the lateral sides of the spring terminal 9 and the middle section 12 that face the inner side of the top cover. No step is provided between the lateral sides of the terminal 9 and the middle section 12 that face the inner wall 3.
  • Figure 5 shows a three-dimensional view of a further embodiment of a spring 7.
  • the middle section 12 and the end section that forms the electrode 5 are similar to the ones of the embodiments described above.
  • the spring terminal 9 comprises a spacer 11 and has a width being smaller than the width of the middle section 12.
  • the combination of these features ensures a given quality of the solder connection and avoids solder bridges on the housing.
  • Figure 6A shows a front view of the spring 7 shown in figure 5 .
  • Figure 6B shows the side view of the spring 7.
  • Figure 6C shows the bottom view of the spring 7.
  • the angles 6A to 6C clearly show the following features.
  • the angle 44 between the spring terminal 9 and the middle section 12 is less than 90 degrees, e.g. 85 degrees, which may cause that the connections sides 13, 18 of the spring and element terminals 9, 8 are not arranged in parallel, which enables easy soldering.
  • the width 41 of the spring terminal 9 being smaller than the width 42 of the middle section 12 is clearly shown in Figure 6B .
  • the width is defined between the lateral sides of the respective sections.
  • the lateral sides facing the inner wall 3 are in a same plane. Contrary to that there is a step 50 between the lateral sides facing the top cover.
  • the step 50 may have rectangular edges or round edges. In one embodiment (not shown) steps 50 may be provided on both lateral sides of the spring.
  • Figure 7 shows the back view of the inside of an embodiment of the device 1 that comprises an element 2 (not shown in Figure 7 ) located on the first side 31 of the inner wall 3 and a spring 7 located on the opposite second side 32 of the inner wall 32.
  • the spring terminal 9 comprises an elevation 11 serving as a spacer. Further there is a step 50 between the lateral sides of the spring terminal 9 and the middle section 12 of the spring 7, which causes that the distance between the spring terminal 9 and the top cover (not shown) is larger than the distance between the middle section 12 and the top cover (not shown).
  • the spring terminal 9 is coupled with the element terminal 8 by a fusible joint 10.
  • the spring 7 is fixed between protruding parts 40 of the inner wall 3, so that the spring 7 is clamped between these parts 40. If the terminals 8, 9 are coupled, the spring is in a deflected state. If the joint 10 melts, the spring 7 relaxes so that the spring terminal 9 moves away from the element terminal 8 towards part 17 serving as a spring soldering fixture and covering a part of the spring 7 and the inner wall 3.
  • Figure 8 shows the back view of the inside of an embodiment of the device, the spring terminal 9 and the element terminal 8 not being connected.
  • the spring 7 is in a relaxed state, where the spring terminal 9 is separated from the element terminal.
  • the spring 7 is relaxed after melting of the fusible joint 10.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)
EP11172220A 2011-06-30 2011-06-30 Elektrisches Gerät Withdrawn EP2541577A1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11172220A EP2541577A1 (de) 2011-06-30 2011-06-30 Elektrisches Gerät
CN 201120352716 CN202384588U (zh) 2011-06-30 2011-09-15 电气设备
PCT/EP2012/061882 WO2013000796A2 (en) 2011-06-30 2012-06-20 Electric device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11172220A EP2541577A1 (de) 2011-06-30 2011-06-30 Elektrisches Gerät

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2541577A1 true EP2541577A1 (de) 2013-01-02

Family

ID=46633063

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11172220A Withdrawn EP2541577A1 (de) 2011-06-30 2011-06-30 Elektrisches Gerät

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2541577A1 (de)
CN (1) CN202384588U (de)
WO (1) WO2013000796A2 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMI20130538A1 (it) * 2013-04-08 2014-10-09 Con Trade S R L Scaricatore di sovratensioni, per la protezione di impianti elettrici da sovratensioni transitorie.

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3242290A (en) * 1962-02-20 1966-03-22 Robertshaw Controls Co Thermally responsive switch construction and method of making the same
JPS546541U (de) * 1977-06-17 1979-01-17
DE9115238U1 (de) * 1991-12-05 1992-02-13 Siemens Ag, 8000 Muenchen, De
DE9305796U1 (de) * 1993-04-17 1993-06-17 Dehn + Soehne Gmbh + Co Kg, 8500 Nuernberg, De
DE102006036598A1 (de) * 2006-04-26 2007-10-31 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Verfahren zur Dimensionierung einer Abtrennvorrichtung für Überspannungsableiter
DE102008031917A1 (de) * 2008-07-08 2010-01-14 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Überspannungschutzelement

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1318440A (fr) * 1961-11-08 1963-02-15 Kienzle Uhrenfabriken Ag Coupe-circuit à fusible pour horloges et mécanismes d'horlogerie à remontage électromagnétique
GB1356578A (en) * 1970-09-04 1974-06-12 Beswick Kenneth E Ltd Switching devices
KR920007514Y1 (ko) * 1990-12-24 1992-10-15 동아전기부품 주식회사 모우터의 회전속도 조정용 저항기

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3242290A (en) * 1962-02-20 1966-03-22 Robertshaw Controls Co Thermally responsive switch construction and method of making the same
JPS546541U (de) * 1977-06-17 1979-01-17
DE9115238U1 (de) * 1991-12-05 1992-02-13 Siemens Ag, 8000 Muenchen, De
DE9305796U1 (de) * 1993-04-17 1993-06-17 Dehn + Soehne Gmbh + Co Kg, 8500 Nuernberg, De
DE102006036598A1 (de) * 2006-04-26 2007-10-31 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Verfahren zur Dimensionierung einer Abtrennvorrichtung für Überspannungsableiter
DE102008031917A1 (de) * 2008-07-08 2010-01-14 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Überspannungschutzelement

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMI20130538A1 (it) * 2013-04-08 2014-10-09 Con Trade S R L Scaricatore di sovratensioni, per la protezione di impianti elettrici da sovratensioni transitorie.
EP2790192A1 (de) 2013-04-08 2014-10-15 Con.Trade S.r.l. Überspannungsschutz elektrischer Anlagen vor transienten Überspannungen
EP3041004A1 (de) 2013-04-08 2016-07-06 ZOTUP S.r.l. Überspannungsschutz elektrischer anlagen vor transienten überspannungen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2013000796A3 (en) 2013-03-28
WO2013000796A2 (en) 2013-01-03
CN202384588U (zh) 2012-08-15

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