EP2537609A1 - Pralltopf und Diffusor für eine Zwischenpfanne - Google Patents

Pralltopf und Diffusor für eine Zwischenpfanne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2537609A1
EP2537609A1 EP11171203A EP11171203A EP2537609A1 EP 2537609 A1 EP2537609 A1 EP 2537609A1 EP 11171203 A EP11171203 A EP 11171203A EP 11171203 A EP11171203 A EP 11171203A EP 2537609 A1 EP2537609 A1 EP 2537609A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
base portion
tundish
side wall
diffuser
diffuser according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11171203A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Solovykh Sergiy
Klimov Volodymyr
Malich Svitlana
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Calderys Ukraine Ltd
Original Assignee
Calderys Ukraine Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=46262041&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP2537609(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Calderys Ukraine Ltd filed Critical Calderys Ukraine Ltd
Priority to EP11171203A priority Critical patent/EP2537609A1/de
Priority to EP12173052.7A priority patent/EP2537610B1/de
Priority to JP2012155947A priority patent/JP2013006217A/ja
Publication of EP2537609A1 publication Critical patent/EP2537609A1/de
Priority to JP2016238228A priority patent/JP6465854B2/ja
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/003—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like with impact pads

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to diffusers for tundishes as well as the use of such diffusers in tundishes and the tundishes comprising said diffusers.
  • An impact pad is commonly placed on the floor of a tundish to receive an incoming stream of molten metal poured into the tundish from a source such as a metallurgical ladle or the output of a high furnace.
  • the tundish has a distribution and buffering function for the molten metal, but also helps purifying and cleaning the melt.
  • Non-metallic inclusions such as AlO 3
  • AlO 3 are removed from the steel melt as they float to the top of the melt and collect at the liquid steel to metal-slag interface, due to their lower density compared to the liquid steel.
  • convection streams in the steel melt can be encouraged by installation of so-called tundish furniture such as dams, weirs and baffles.
  • Impact pads are generally designed to protect the tundish interior surface from the forces caused by the heavy and hot melt falling onto the tundish floor at the start of the casting process. They are generally formed of a reinforced portion of refractory material, and arranged such that minimal splashing of molten metal occurs upon impact.
  • US 5,169,591 discloses an impact pad designed to protect the tundish from said strain, and to reduce the occurrence of surface turbulence on the melt which causes the supernatant solid metal and slag to be dragged into the melt and to negatively affect the purity and quality of the obtained product.
  • the disclosed impact pad comprises a base for receiving an incoming stream of liquid metal and upwardly extending sidewalls with an inner surface having an undercut portion facing the incoming stream. This effectively reduces splashing and surface turbulence within the tundish during operation, but does not direct the flow of liquid metal such that residence time in the tundish may be controlled or dead zones eliminated. Tundish furniture is still required for directing the melt flow.
  • EP 1 397 221 B1 proposes impact pads for use in molten metal tundishes which help directing the flow of molten metal. These impact pads consist of a base plate and sidewalls having multiple protrusions, with a complex design. They are therefore difficult and expensive to produce and maintain.
  • a diffuser for use in a tundish and made of a refractory material, comprising (a) a base portion having a top surface and a bottom surface, wherein said top surface is an impact surface suitable for withstanding the impact of molten metal; and (b) an outer side wall entirely surrounding said base portion and extending from said top surface of said base portion in order to from a substantially bucket-like structure. It is further characterised in that said outer side wall comprises two or more flow outlets in the form of recesses extending from the edge of said side wall located furthest from said base portion towards but not up to said base portion.
  • the base portion of the diffuser according to the invention may be substantially planar or raised towards its centre.
  • the outer side wall of the diffuser comprises exactly two flow outlets, which may be arranged at diametrically opposed portions of said side wall, depending on the shape of the tundish.
  • the flow outlets extend from the edge of the side wall located furthest from the base portion towards the base portion, and may extend for a distance which is substantially half the total distance between said edge of the side wall and said base portion.
  • Each flow outlet may have a different length extension compared to any other of the two or more flow outlets.
  • the side wall extends in an outwardly direction form said base portion, such that the top opening of the diffuser has a larger section than the base portion of the diffuser, and the internal volume of the diffuser is increased.
  • the side wall may form an angle of more than 90 degrees with the base portion, such as for example from 92 to 110 degrees, or from 95 to 105 degrees.
  • said outer side wall may have a varying extension, such that the edge of said side wall which is furthest away from said base portion is at least partially sloped.
  • the diffuser according to the present invention may be made of a refractory material which is a cast or pressed refractory material capable of withstanding prolonged contact with molten metal, such as molten steel.
  • the refractory material may have an alumina content between 55% and 85% by weight.
  • the refractory material may be an alumina-spinel or an alumina-magnesia refractory material.
  • the refractory material may be a basic refractory material with a magnesia content of between 55% and 95% by weight.
  • the diffuser according to the present invention is adapted for use in a tundish for transfer of molten metal.
  • the tundish may be selected from the group consisting of V-shaped tundishes, B-shaped tundishes, T-shaped tundishes, C-shaped tundishes and H-shaped tundishes, and the shape and orientation of the diffuser adapted accordingly.
  • impact pads have been used in order to reduce the strain and forces borne by a tundish during operation, and in particular at the start of the casting process.
  • Tundish furniture such as dams, weirs and baffles are traditionally used for directing flow and avoiding dead zones of the molten metal in the tundish during operation.
  • Tundishes for distributing and buffering metal melts are available in different configurations, according to the requirements of the specific metals, processes and conditions.
  • the diffusers according to the present invention may be employed in tundishes for different ferrous and non-ferrous metal melts. They are particularly useful in steel making.
  • Fig. 2 shows top views of a range of different tundishes available. Most commonly used are the B-shaped (boat-shaped) tundish with a substantially rectangular base, and the V-shaped tundish with a corresponding V-shaped base. Also available for different applications are T-, C- and H-shaped versions.
  • the tundishes may have varying numbers of strands or outlets, such as for example 1, 2, 4, 6 or 8 strands, depending on the size and shape of the tundish. Further to the shape of the tundishes, the insertion zone of the molten material and the positions of the one or more strands may vary. The flow characteristics of a metal melt in these different tundishes is of course influenced by all these factors. As mentioned above, it is an object of the invention to provide systems allowing the production of cast material of superior and uniform quality by ensuring that the flow velocity and temperature within the tundish during operation is as uniform as possible, with increased residence time, reduced surface turbulence and avoidance of dead zones.
  • the diffusers according to the present invention act as both impact pads and flow controllers for molten metal in the tundishes.
  • Impact pads according to the state of the art are very effective in reducing and distributing the forces acting on the tundish during operation and in particular at the start of the casting process, and in reducing surface turbulence.
  • they are not suitable for directing the flow of molten metal within the tundish during operation, in order to obtain controlled residence times and flow velocities and to avoid dead zones.
  • Various tundish furniture items (dams, weirs and baffles) need to be used in order to control metal flow. The actual flow obtained is difficult to predict prior to starting a casting operation, and it is not convenient to change the positioning of the tundish furniture once installed, since the process has to be stopped and the equipment cooled down before any adaptations can be made.
  • the diffusers according to the present invention serve both as impact pads and for directing flow in the tundish during operation. It has been found that diffusers having the specific shapes according to the present invention are efficient and predictable in their operation, in that they direct the flow of molten metal within a tundish such that flow direction and velocity, as well as residence times in the tundish can be controlled. Furthermore, surface turbulence is avoided.
  • the diffusers according to the present invention are made of a refractory material and comprise (a) a base portion having a top surface and a bottom surface, wherein said top surface is an impact surface suitable for withstanding the impact of molten metal; and (b) an outer side wall entirely surrounding said base portion and extending from said top surface of said base portion in order to from a substantially bucket-like structure; and they are characterised in that said outer side wall comprises two or more flow outlets in the form of recesses extending from the edge of said side wall which is furthest away from said base portion towards but not up to said base portion.
  • Said base portion of the diffuser may be substantially planar or have a shape that is slightly raised towards the centre of the base portion, as shown in Fig. 3 .
  • the shape of the base portion may be adapted to the overall shape of the diffuser and tundish, in order to improve the flow characteristics in the tundish.
  • the size and exact configuration of the diffuser may be adapted to the tundish it is to be used in, but always within the structural features as described above. In most common applications, the diffuser has exactly two flow outlets, though diffusers with more than two flow outlets may be considered for more complex applications.
  • the positioning of the flow outlets in the side wall depends on the shape of the tundish.
  • the two flow outlets of the diffuser are preferably arranged at diametrically opposed ends of the side wall, in order to direct the flow along said outlets in the tundish (see Fig. 4 and 5a ).
  • the flow outlets of the diffuser may preferably be arranged also non-symmetrically along the side wall (see an exemplary embodiment in Fig. 5b ).
  • the flow outlets of the diffuser according to the invention may have different sizes and shapes and need not be identical for the flow outlets in any given diffuser. They may be rectangular or angled or have any other shape deemed suitable.
  • the flow outlets extend from the edge of the side wall furthest from the base portion of the diffuser (the "top edge") down towards the base portion. They may however not extend all the way down to the base portion of the diffuser, such as to form a gap in the side wall.
  • the recesses may preferably extend to substantially half the distance between the top edge of the outer wall and the base portion of the diffuser, although any length of the flow outlets may be considered, as long as they do not extend up to the base portion of the diffuser.
  • the side wall of the diffuser may be arranged such that it extends in an outwardly direction from said base portion, meaning the side wall and the base portion form an angle of 90 degrees or higher, such as 92 to 110 degrees, or 95 to 105 degrees or 100 degrees or the like. This further reduces splashing of the molten metal at the start of the pouring process and helps avoid the formation of reaction products from unnecessary exposure to the atmosphere.
  • the outer wall of the diffuser according to the present invention may have varying length, such that its edge furthest away from the base portion of the diffuser is sloped in various portions.
  • An exemplary embodiment of a diffuser with a sloped edge is shown in Fig. 5b .
  • the slope may help direct the flow of molten metal in the tundish in the desired direction.
  • the diffusers are preferably formed from a cast or pressed refractory composition capable of withstanding continuous contact with molten metal, in particular molten steel such as is used in continuous casting operations.
  • a standard medium-to-high alumina refractory with an alumina content in the range of about 55% to 85% by weight is desirable.
  • alumina-spinel or alumina magnesia are suitable.
  • a basic refractory is preferred because of steel chemistry, it is preferred that a magnesia-based refractory composition be utilised, with MgO in the range of about 55% to 95% by weight.
  • any refractory material known by the skilled person in the art may be used for the diffusers according to the invention.
  • the diffusers are installed in the tundishes simply by placing at the bottom of the tundish in the designated position.
  • a region may be provided in the wear lining on the floor of the tundish, which is adapted to receiving the impact pad. This may be in the form of an indentation corresponding to the shape of the base of the impact pad. The mass of the impact pad is generally sufficient to hold it in place at the bottom of the tundish.
  • the diffusers may have a total height (the distance between the base portion and the end of the side wall furthest from said base portion) which is adapted to the size and height of the tundish they are intended for use in.
  • the height shall be sufficient to avoid splashing or spilling of the molten metal out of the diffuser at the start of the pouring process.
  • the impact pad shall not be so high as to create turbulence at the surface of the liquid metal during operation, since this could lead to the creation of vortexes in the liquid and the formation of impurities therein.
  • the impact pad may have a height which is substantially between one 20% and 80% of the height of the tundish, preferably between one third and two thirds of the height of the tundish.
  • a diffuser according to the present invention as shown in Fig. 5b was installed in a V-shaped tundish and an impact pad according to the state of the art as shown in Fig. 1a was installed in an identical V-shaped tundish.
  • Molten steel was poured into both tundishes and the temperature distribution within the tundishes was recorded using temperature imaging equipment.
  • Figs. 6a (state of the art) and 6b (invention) show the temperature distribution in the V-shaped tundishes shortly after the start of the pouring
  • Figs. 7a (state of the art) and 7b (invention) show the temperature distribution in the same tundishes exactly 1 minute after the start of the pouring process.
  • Figs. 6a and 6b clearly show that at the start of the process, the temperature dissipation within the tundish occurs at a much faster rate when the diffuser according to the invention is used, compared to the impact pad of the state of the art. Also, after 1 minute of operation, it is clearly apparent that a uniform temperature distribution is established in the tundish using the diffuser according to the invention ( Fig. 7b ), while the temperature differences throughout the tundish are notably larger in the tundish using the impact pad according to the state of the art ( Fig. 7a ).
  • the molten material flows more smoothly through the tundish, as is shown by the wider distribution of the high-temperature zone shortly after the start of the process, showing that that the cast material is distributed quicker throughout the tundish, therefore creating more uniform flow and less surface turbulence caused by pressure variations within the melt.
  • the temperature distribution during operation is much more uniform, leading to an overall flow of liquid that is not disturbed by temperature variations in different parts of the tundish.
  • a uniform flow of material may be easily controlled and avoid the occurrence of dead zones and reduction of effective volume of the tundish.
  • Molten steel was poured at approximately 1510 to 1570°C through boat-shaped tundishes and the distributions of velocity and temperature within the tundish at different height levels was measured.
  • the tundish had previously been equipped with a diffuser according to Fig. 5a .
  • Figs. 8 and 9 show flow velocity and temperature distributions within the B- (boat)-shaped tundish during operation, when a diffuser according to Fig. 5a is used.
  • the different section images in each figure describe the situation at different heights in the tundish during operation (heights indicated in mm).
  • the velocity and temperature distributions are very uniform at all heights throughout the tundish, showing that there is a uniform flow pattern of the molten metal through the tundish, avoiding the creation of turbulences and vortexes at the liquid surface and of dead-zones where there is stagnant liquid metal. This leads to an overall improvement of the efficiency of the pouring process, and of the quality of the final product.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
EP11171203A 2011-06-23 2011-06-23 Pralltopf und Diffusor für eine Zwischenpfanne Withdrawn EP2537609A1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11171203A EP2537609A1 (de) 2011-06-23 2011-06-23 Pralltopf und Diffusor für eine Zwischenpfanne
EP12173052.7A EP2537610B1 (de) 2011-06-23 2012-06-21 Pralltopf und Diffusor für eine Zwischenpfanne
JP2012155947A JP2013006217A (ja) 2011-06-23 2012-06-25 金属流インパクトパッド及びタンディッシュ用ディフューザー
JP2016238228A JP6465854B2 (ja) 2011-06-23 2016-12-08 金属流インパクトパッド及びタンディッシュ用ディフューザー

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11171203A EP2537609A1 (de) 2011-06-23 2011-06-23 Pralltopf und Diffusor für eine Zwischenpfanne

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2537609A1 true EP2537609A1 (de) 2012-12-26

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ID=46262041

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EP11171203A Withdrawn EP2537609A1 (de) 2011-06-23 2011-06-23 Pralltopf und Diffusor für eine Zwischenpfanne
EP12173052.7A Revoked EP2537610B1 (de) 2011-06-23 2012-06-21 Pralltopf und Diffusor für eine Zwischenpfanne

Family Applications After (1)

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EP12173052.7A Revoked EP2537610B1 (de) 2011-06-23 2012-06-21 Pralltopf und Diffusor für eine Zwischenpfanne

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JP (2) JP2013006217A (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105458238A (zh) * 2016-01-07 2016-04-06 保定安保能冶金设备有限公司 一种铝液中间包
EP2537610B1 (de) 2011-06-23 2017-02-15 Calderys Ukraine Ltd. Pralltopf und Diffusor für eine Zwischenpfanne
RU173080U1 (ru) * 2016-10-24 2017-08-09 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Кералит" Металлоприемник промежуточного ковша
US20190275584A1 (en) * 2016-08-08 2019-09-12 Vesuvius Usa Corporation Impact pad
CN110628970A (zh) * 2019-10-31 2019-12-31 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 一种炼钢渣处理风碎渣处理装置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110479995B (zh) * 2019-08-27 2021-05-28 北京利尔高温材料股份有限公司 一种连铸三角形中间包用内外复合式稳流器

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5169591A (en) 1992-02-07 1992-12-08 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Impact pad for a continuous caster tundish
DE19726540A1 (de) 1997-06-23 1998-12-24 Gft Ges Fuer Feuerfest Technik Pralltopf
DE10202537C1 (de) * 2002-01-24 2003-01-23 Intocast Ag Feuerfestprodukte Pralltopf
US20040041312A1 (en) * 2002-09-04 2004-03-04 Connors Charles W Tundish impact pad
EP1397221A1 (de) * 2001-05-22 2004-03-17 Vesuvius Crucible Company Prallplatte zum trennen und verteilen eines giessstrahls von flüssigem metall
US20040070123A1 (en) * 1999-06-08 2004-04-15 Foseco International Limited Impact pad for a tundish
DE10257395A1 (de) * 2002-12-06 2004-06-24 Weerulin Feuerfeste Produkte Gmbh & Co. Kg Einlegekörper für Zwischenbehälter

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WO1996014951A1 (en) * 1994-11-09 1996-05-23 Foseco International Limited Tundish impact pad
US5518153A (en) * 1994-11-09 1996-05-21 Foseco International Limited Tundish impact pad
US5662823A (en) * 1996-01-04 1997-09-02 A. P. Green Industries, Inc. Impact pad
GB9607556D0 (en) * 1996-04-11 1996-06-12 Foseco Int Tundish impact pad
CN2516294Y (zh) 2001-12-25 2002-10-16 王文刚 连铸中间包冲击槽
ZA200206261B (en) * 2002-03-28 2003-04-07 Foseco Int Metallurgical impact pad.
CN2623381Y (zh) 2003-05-28 2004-07-07 王有志 一种连铸中间包冲击槽
CN2873361Y (zh) 2006-02-28 2007-02-28 王有志 连铸中间包冲击槽
EP2418032B2 (de) 2010-07-19 2016-04-06 Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH & Co. KG Feuerfester keramischer Pralltopf
EP2537609A1 (de) 2011-06-23 2012-12-26 Calderys Ukraine Ltd. Pralltopf und Diffusor für eine Zwischenpfanne

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5169591A (en) 1992-02-07 1992-12-08 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Impact pad for a continuous caster tundish
DE19726540A1 (de) 1997-06-23 1998-12-24 Gft Ges Fuer Feuerfest Technik Pralltopf
US20040070123A1 (en) * 1999-06-08 2004-04-15 Foseco International Limited Impact pad for a tundish
EP1397221A1 (de) * 2001-05-22 2004-03-17 Vesuvius Crucible Company Prallplatte zum trennen und verteilen eines giessstrahls von flüssigem metall
EP1397221B1 (de) 2001-05-22 2009-07-29 Vesuvius Crucible Company Prallplatte zum trennen und verteilen eines giessstrahls von flüssigem metall
DE10202537C1 (de) * 2002-01-24 2003-01-23 Intocast Ag Feuerfestprodukte Pralltopf
WO2003061879A1 (de) 2002-01-24 2003-07-31 Intocast Ag Pralltopf
US20040041312A1 (en) * 2002-09-04 2004-03-04 Connors Charles W Tundish impact pad
DE10257395A1 (de) * 2002-12-06 2004-06-24 Weerulin Feuerfeste Produkte Gmbh & Co. Kg Einlegekörper für Zwischenbehälter

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2537610B1 (de) 2011-06-23 2017-02-15 Calderys Ukraine Ltd. Pralltopf und Diffusor für eine Zwischenpfanne
CN105458238A (zh) * 2016-01-07 2016-04-06 保定安保能冶金设备有限公司 一种铝液中间包
US20190275584A1 (en) * 2016-08-08 2019-09-12 Vesuvius Usa Corporation Impact pad
US10882107B2 (en) * 2016-08-08 2021-01-05 Vesuvius Usa Corporation Impact pad
RU173080U1 (ru) * 2016-10-24 2017-08-09 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Кералит" Металлоприемник промежуточного ковша
CN110628970A (zh) * 2019-10-31 2019-12-31 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 一种炼钢渣处理风碎渣处理装置
CN110628970B (zh) * 2019-10-31 2023-08-15 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 一种炼钢渣处理风碎渣处理装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2017052009A (ja) 2017-03-16
EP2537610B1 (de) 2017-02-15
JP6465854B2 (ja) 2019-02-06
JP2013006217A (ja) 2013-01-10
EP2537610A2 (de) 2012-12-26
EP2537610A3 (de) 2013-02-27

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