EP2527115B1 - Continuous press and associated process - Google Patents
Continuous press and associated process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2527115B1 EP2527115B1 EP11167939.5A EP11167939A EP2527115B1 EP 2527115 B1 EP2527115 B1 EP 2527115B1 EP 11167939 A EP11167939 A EP 11167939A EP 2527115 B1 EP2527115 B1 EP 2527115B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- press
- pressure distribution
- accordance
- plate
- plates
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/007—Means for maintaining the press table, the press platen or the press ram against tilting or deflection
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
- B27N3/24—Moulding or pressing characterised by using continuously acting presses having endless belts or chains moved within the compression zone
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B5/00—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups
- B30B5/04—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups wherein the pressing means is in the form of an endless band
- B30B5/06—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups wherein the pressing means is in the form of an endless band co-operating with another endless band
Definitions
- the invention relates to a continuous press for the production of wood-based panels, especially fiberboard or chipboard, with a press frame with several lined in press longitudinal direction press frame, wherein within the press frame a press nip forming upper press plate and lower press plate are arranged, wherein the upper press plate or the lower press plate with several distributed in the press longitudinal rows of cylinder piston assemblies is applied, which are connected on the one hand to the transverse bars of the press frame and the other to the respective press plate, wherein the cylinder piston assemblies facing away from the press plate with the interposition of one or more Druckverteilplatten to this press plate associated crossbars of the press frame is connected.
- At the pressure distribution plates can be attached between each two adjacent press frame support for the press plates. These supports are then z. B. offset from the force introduction directions of the cylinder arranged. They are usually designed as isolation pad.
- Continuous press means in particular a continuously operating press with in the press upper part and in the press base endlessly circulating press belts, z. B. steel press belts, which with the interposition of WälzSystemaggregaten, z. B. rolling rods are supported on the press plates.
- Wood-based panels means especially fiberboard or chipboard, more preferably MDF (Medium Densified Fiber) panels.
- MDF Medium Densified Fiber
- the press plates are designed as heated press plates and consequently heating plates.
- inlet and outlet plates may be connected upstream, which form a tapered in the direction of the inlet gap, wherein the upper and / or lower inlet plate are also acted upon with cylinder piston assemblies. Consequently, the pressed material mat to be pressed is first compressed in the area of the inlet mouth in a compression zone. This compression zone is followed by a soaking zone, in which the mat is pressed onto the final dimension using pressure and heat. Finally, the so-called calibration zone, in which the pressed material mat is finished with relatively low pressing pressure and exact press nip adjustment, adjoins this heat-through zone.
- the invention preferably relates to a press, in which the upper transverse bars and lower crossbars of the press frame are opposed.
- the working cylinder piston assemblies are (directly) connected to the upper and lower crossbars for the realization of a simple construction, i. H. the forces of the cylinder piston arrangements are introduced into the product at the level of the press frame.
- the supports of the upper and lower press plate are practically opposite, so that press nip fluctuations may arise by the press nip in the press longitudinal direction between the press frame by the back pressure of the mat springs. This effect is prevented or reduced by the arranged between the press frame supports.
- a continuous press of the type described above with pressure distribution plates and supports is z. B. from the DE 103 20 741 B4 known.
- the cylinder piston assemblies are connected to the upper press plate, while the lower press plate rests with the interposition of the pressure distribution plates with the supports on the press frame.
- the so-called "tilting principle” is also realized in conventional frame structures in which the cylinder piston assemblies are connected to the frame structures and in which the working direction of the cylinder piston assemblies is substantially in the frame plane.
- a generic continuous press with the features of the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE 102009023581-A1 known.
- the invention has for its object to provide a continuously operating press, which can be used to produce wood panels of high quality in a particularly economical manner.
- the invention teaches in a continuous press with the features of claim 1 and a method having the features of claim 16.
- the invention is based initially on the basic knowledge that the behavior of a continuously operating press can be optimized if Pressure distribution plates, possibly with supports, eg. As insulation Traumlagern be used.
- the lower press plate is therefore not directly on the cross bars of the lower press frame, but with the interposition of Druckverteilplatten.
- these pressure distribution plates are no longer designed as static components, but the support function implemented by the pressure distribution plates is specifically adapted to the respective conditions by adjustable force assistance devices.
- the invention has recognized that the operation of a continuously operating press can be optimized if a variable adaptation of the pressure distribution over the press length is made possible.
- the stiffness of the pressure distribution plates and thus indirectly also the behavior of the press plates and consequently the pressure distribution in the press nip or the geometry of the press nip can be variably adapted to the conditions via the force support devices.
- the power assistance devices can only act passively in the sense of (adjustable) support or actively cause an elastic deformation of the pressure distribution plates.
- the force-assisting devices are connected to at least one control device, with which the force-assistance devices can be controlled as a function of one or more process parameters.
- the control device may be, for example, the already existing process computer or the control unit is connected to this process computer.
- the controller may, for. B. also be connected to the pressing cylinders and / or one or more sensors. In this way, an adaptive adaptation of the pressure distribution as a function of one or more process parameters, for. B. depending on the characteristics of the incoming pressed material mat and / or the pressed plate.
- a dynamic machine which allows a dynamic change in the pressure distribution as a function of different properties of the pressed material mat and / or the wood-based panel to be produced and in dependence on other (external) pressing parameters.
- the "bending principle" can be optimized. In the context of the invention, however, a change of the press nip or the pressure distribution can also be set up specifically in certain areas, so that in the foreground not always the observance of the "bowing principle" must be, but that leave behind this Schmiegelitz also targeted to achieve certain effects can be.
- the pressing process can be optimized. As a result, it is possible to produce wood-based panels of high quality and, in particular, high transverse tensile strength while at the same time significantly reducing the glue.
- the principle can be used not only for thin plates or thin plates, which has so far been particularly concerned with the realization of the SchmiegeMFs, but particularly preferred for standard plates or thick plates, where hitherto the use of pressure distribution plates and possibly supports of secondary importance was.
- the power assistance devices may, for. B. as hydraulic actuators, z. B. single-acting or double-acting hydraulic cylinder may be formed. Alternatively, the power assistance devices can also be used as electromotive actuators z. B. electromotive spindle drives may be formed.
- the power assistance devices can either work only for the introduction of compressive forces on the pressure distribution plates or else be connected in such a way that both compressive and tensile forces can be applied to the pressure distribution plates. Always can only one passive support or an active elastic deformation of the pressure distribution plate can be effected.
- the desired setting of the power assistance devices can, for. B. in the course of commissioning or in the preparation of the production of a particular product can be adjusted. Particularly preferably, however, a dynamic, z. B. adaptive adjustment during the pressing operation as a function of certain pressing parameters.
- the optimal settings for certain parameters can always be empirically determined by experiments beforehand.
- the continuous press can be equipped in a conventional manner in addition to the press plates with inlet side projecting inlet plates, which form a tapered in the direction of the inlet gap, wherein the upper inlet plate and / or the lower inlet plate are also acted upon by supported on the transverse bars of the press frame cylinder piston assemblies. It is within the scope of the invention if, in the area of the inlet plates, the pressure distribution plates and support according to the invention are dispensed with. Alternatively, however, it is also within the scope of the invention, although the upper or lower inlet plate with the interposition of pressure distribution plates, possibly with supports, is supported on the respective cross member of the press frame.
- the continuous press is designed as an upper-piston press, in which the cylinder piston assemblies on the upper press plate and possibly the upper inlet plate work, in this case, the lower press plate with the interposition of Druckverteilplatten on the lower cross bars of the press frame.
- the invention can also be implemented in sub-piston presses. It is always advantageous if the pressure distribution plates firmly connected to the frame, z. B. are screwed.
- the supports may, if present, be formed as support strips extending over the respective plate width, which have either a continuous support surface extending over the plate width or else a plurality of singular support surfaces distributed over the plate width. In any case, these support surfaces are arranged in the press longitudinal direction between the press frame and thus offset from the working direction of the cylinder piston assemblies. Because the cylinder piston assemblies are particularly preferably positioned in the frame plane.
- each case one or more supports are positioned centrally between each two adjacent press frame.
- a support strip be centrally positioned.
- a press frame in each case at least two supports are assigned, which are each arranged at a predetermined distance from the press frame in the press longitudinal direction on both sides of the press frame. Starting from a press frame with a cylinder piston row arranged thereon, the introduction of force this cylinder piston row is therefore not directly on the vertically underlying transverse spar of the press frame, but as it were obliquely in the direction of both sides equidistantly spaced supports. In this way, doubling of the power points takes place in the press longitudinal direction.
- the optionally provided supports protrude as elevations by a predetermined amount from the surface of the pressure distribution plate assigned to the press plate, so that the discrete support points result in the press longitudinal direction.
- the invention also encompasses embodiments in which bearings are completely dispensed with so that the press plates rest directly or indirectly on the pressure distribution plates, so that substantially flat counter surfaces are made available.
- the supports and particularly preferably additionally the frame supports are provided.
- the pressure distribution plates can substantially in the entire region of the press, z. B. be provided in the entire area of the press plates and possibly in the entire area of the inlet plates. This means that the pressure distribution plates are arranged in a region which amounts to at least 70% of the press plates, preferably at least 90% of the press plates. It can be provided over the press length a plurality of individual pressure distribution plates, wherein a pressure distribution plate is arranged in each case between two adjacent press frame and supported on the respective cross bars of the press frame. Alternatively, however, continuous pressure distribution plates can be provided which span a plurality of press frames or even all press frames. Overall, the Druckverteilplatten, which are also referred to as support plates, a frame-spanning support structure. These pressure distribution plates or support plates may be cast or steel plates. It is always expedient if the pressure distribution plates have a width which corresponds (approximately) to the width of the press plates.
- the invention also provides a process for producing wood-based panels with a continuously operating press of the type described.
- This method is characterized in that the pressure distribution plates are subjected to force-assisting devices for varying the pressing process or for achieving a variable counter-pressure behavior perpendicular to the pressing plate plane.
- the power assistance devices are adjusted by a control device as a function of one or more process parameters and optionally controlled or regulated as a function of the properties of the pressed material mat to be pressed and / or the properties of the pressed pressed product plate.
- an adaptive control or adaptive control can be realized.
- the glues used are, in particular, urea-formaldehyde resins.
- Wood-based panel in particular means fiberboard and most preferably MDF board.
- the glue savings according to the invention can also be achieved with other wood-based board types and in particular with other glues or binders.
- a continuously operating press for the production of wood-based panels, especially MDF boards is shown.
- This continuous press an incoming in the direction of A in the press Pressgutmatte from glued wood particles, z. B. glued fibers pressed into a wood-based panel.
- the press has an upper press plate 1 in the press upper part and a lower press plate 2 in the lower press part, each of which is designed as a heating plate.
- the press plates 1, 2 are arranged in a press frame, which is composed of a plurality of lined in the press longitudinal direction press frame 3.
- These press frames are in the embodiment in window construction made of sheet steel blanks realized.
- the press in the press upper part and in the press base endlessly circulating steel press belts 4, which with the interposition of WälzSystemaggregaten, z. B. rolling rods 5 are supported on the press plates 1, 2.
- the press is designed in the embodiment as an upper piston press. That is, a plurality of cylinder piston assemblies 6 arranged in rows operate on the upper press plate 1. In the region of each press frame 3, a series of cylinder piston assemblies 6 is consequently provided, these cylinder piston assemblies 6 being connected, on the one hand, to the upper cross member 3a of the press frame 3 and, on the other hand, to the upper press plate 1.
- the cylinder piston assemblies 6 are each arranged in the frame plane of the press frame 3, so that the working direction or working plane of the cylinder piston assemblies lies in the frame plane.
- inlet side projecting inlet plates 1a, 2a are connected, which form a tapered in the direction of A inlet gap E, to which the press nip P formed by the press plates 1, 2 adjoins.
- the exemplary embodiment involves flexible, flexurally elastic inlet plates for setting a variable inlet contour.
- one or more hingedly connected inlet plates can be used, which are possibly composed of a plurality of hingedly interconnected plate sections.
- the lower inlet plate 2a is - as the lower press plate 2 - supported on the lower crossbars 3b of the press frame 3, while the upper inlet plate 1a - like the upper press plate 1 - cylinder piston assemblies 6 are connected.
- the lower press plate 2 is connected with the interposition of Druckverteilplatten 7 to the lower crossbars 3b of the press frame.
- These Pressure distribution plates 7 are optionally equipped with supports 8, which are mounted between each adjacent in the press longitudinal direction press frame on the pressure distribution plates 7.
- Fig. 1 is indicated that these pressure distribution plates 7 are arranged with the optionally provided supports 8 in the entire press area and in particular in the entire region of the press plates 1, 2.
- the pressure distribution plates 7 and possibly the supports 8 are thus arranged and distributed in the press longitudinal direction over a range of more than 90% of the length of the press plates 1, 2 and in the embodiment, more than 90% of the total length of press plates 1, 2 and inlet plates 1a , 2a corresponds. Consequently, the use of the pressure distribution plates is not limited to the outlet-side calibration zone of the press, but is provided both in the heat-through zone and the calibration zone, particularly preferably additionally in the inlet zone and consequently compression zone.
- the supports 8 merely indicated in the figures preferably extend over the entire width of the press plates 1, 2 or inlet plates 1a, 2a. They can be realized as continuous support strands extending over the plate width in the sense of continuous supporting surfaces. Alternatively, however, these support strands can also be formed by a plurality of singular support surfaces distributed over the plate width. Details are not shown. In any case, the supports are designed as insulation supports, so that excessive heat transfer from the heated press plates 1, 2 to the frames is prevented. In the illustrated embodiment, a plurality of individual pressure distribution plates 7 are provided over the press length, wherein a pressure distribution plate 7 each disposed between two press frame 3 and on the lower crossbars 3b of the press frame 3 is supported. Alternatively, however, continuous pressure distribution plates can be provided which span a plurality of press frames or even all press frames. This is not shown in the figures.
- Fig. 2 shows an embodiment in which between each two adjacent press frame a support 8 is arranged as an isolation support, said support 8 is positioned centrally between two adjacent press frame 3.
- Fig. 3 shows an alternative embodiment in which each press frame 3 each two supports 8 are assigned, which are each arranged at a predetermined distance to the press frame on both sides of the press frame 3.
- the power assist means 9 are supported on the press frame or on support means which are connected to the press frame. Consequently, the power assist devices 9 are preferably not supported separately on the foundation but on the press itself.
- the pressure distribution plates are acted upon by force-assisting devices 9, which in the exemplary embodiment are hydraulic actuators 9, z. B. hydraulic cylinders are formed.
- force-assisting devices 9 operate perpendicular to the press plate plane (from below) on the pressure distribution plates 7, so that the counterpressure behavior of the pressure distribution plate 7 is variable. In this way, the rigidity of the pressure distribution plates 7 can be varied and thus change the pressure distribution within the press as a function of different pressing parameters.
- the power assistance devices 9 are connected to a control device 10, which may be a process computer, which also controls the other press areas, in particular the press cylinder 6 and also various sensors o. The like. Reads and is responsible for the press control.
- the force-assisting devices 9 can be variably, adaptively adapted to different pressing parameters, so that a dynamic adaptation of the machine is possible during the manufacturing process.
- FIG. 2 and 3 Embodiments show in which the lower press plate 2 rests only with the interposition of the supports 8 on the pressure distribution plates 7, show the Fig. 4 and 5 modified embodiments in which the lower press plate 2 is connected in the region of the press frame 3 with the interposition of additional termeauflagern 11 to the pressure distribution plates 7.
- the already discussed supports 8 are consequently arranged along the press longitudinal direction between the frame supports 11.
- the compassionauflager 11 thus form frame supports or frame extensions.
- the power assistance devices 9 can now be sensitive to the introduction of force. Consequently, if the cylinders 9 are maximally relieved or withdrawn, the supports 8 are, as it were, put out of action and the introduction of force takes place in a more classical manner Way in the field of press frame.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine kontinuierliche Presse für die Herstellung von Holzwerkstoffplatten, insbesondere Faserplatten oder Spanplatten, mit einem Pressengestell mit mehreren in Pressenlängsrichtung gereihten Pressenrahmen, wobei innerhalb der Pressenrahmen einen Presspalt bildende obere Pressenplatte und untere Pressenplatte angeordnet sind, wobei die obere Pressenplatte oder die untere Pressenplatte mit mehreren in Pressenlängsrichtung verteilten Reihen von Zylinderkolbenanordnungen beaufschlagt ist, welche einerseits an die Querholme der Pressenrahmen und andererseits an die jeweilige Pressenplatte angeschlossen sind, wobei die den Zylinderkolbenanordnungen abgewandte Pressenplatte unter Zwischenschaltung einer oder mehrerer Druckverteilplatten an die dieser Pressenplatte zugeordneten Querholme der Pressenrahmen angeschlossen ist. An den Druckverteilplatten können zwischen jeweils zwei benachbarten Pressenrahmen Auflager für die Pressenplatten befestigt sein. Diese Auflager sind dann z. B. versetzt zu den Krafteinleitungsrichtungen der Zylinder angeordnet. Sie sind in der Regel als Isolierungsauflager ausgebildet.The invention relates to a continuous press for the production of wood-based panels, especially fiberboard or chipboard, with a press frame with several lined in press longitudinal direction press frame, wherein within the press frame a press nip forming upper press plate and lower press plate are arranged, wherein the upper press plate or the lower press plate with several distributed in the press longitudinal rows of cylinder piston assemblies is applied, which are connected on the one hand to the transverse bars of the press frame and the other to the respective press plate, wherein the cylinder piston assemblies facing away from the press plate with the interposition of one or more Druckverteilplatten to this press plate associated crossbars of the press frame is connected. At the pressure distribution plates can be attached between each two adjacent press frame support for the press plates. These supports are then z. B. offset from the force introduction directions of the cylinder arranged. They are usually designed as isolation pad.
Kontinuierliche Presse meint insbesondere eine kontinuierlich arbeitende Presse mit im Pressenoberteil und im Pressenunterteil endlos umlaufenden Pressbändern, z. B. Stahlpressbändern, welche unter Zwischenschaltung von Wälzkörperaggregaten, z. B. Rollstäben an den Pressenplatten abgestützt sind. Holzwerkstoffplatten meint insbesondere Faserplatten oder Spanplatten, besonders bevorzugt MDF-Platten (Medium Densified Fiber). Die beleimten Holzwerkstoffpartikel, z. B. Fasern, werden zu einer kontinuierlichen Pressgutmatte gestreut und diese Pressgutmatte aus beleimten Holzwerkstoffpartikeln wird in der kontinuierlichen Presse unter Anwendung von Druck und Wärme zu der Holzwerkstoffplatte verpresst. Die Pressenplatten sind als beheizte Pressenplatten und folglich Heizplatten ausgebildet. An die Pressenplatten bzw. Heizplatten können einlaufseitig vorkragende obere und untere Einlaufplatten angeschlossen sein, welche einen sich in Arbeitsrichtung verjüngenden Einlaufspalt bilden, wobei die obere und/oder untere Einlaufplatte ebenfalls mit Zylinderkolbenanordnungen beaufschlagt sind. Die zu verpressende Pressgutmatte wird folglich zunächst im Bereich des Einlaufmauls in einer Verdichtungszone verdichtet. An diese Verdichtungszone schließt sich eine Durchwärmzone an, in welcher die Matte unter Anwendung von Druck und Wärme auf im Wesentlichen das Endmaß gepresst wird. An diese Durchwärmzone schließt sich dann abschließend die so genannte Kalibrierungszone an, in welcher die Pressgutmatte bei verhältnismäßig geringem Pressdruck und exakter Pressspalteinstellung fertiggestellt wird.Continuous press means in particular a continuously operating press with in the press upper part and in the press base endlessly circulating press belts, z. B. steel press belts, which with the interposition of Wälzkörperaggregaten, z. B. rolling rods are supported on the press plates. Wood-based panels means especially fiberboard or chipboard, more preferably MDF (Medium Densified Fiber) panels. The glued wood material particles, z. As fibers are scattered to a continuous pressed material mat and this Pressgutmatte of glued wood material particles is in the continuous press using pressure and Heat pressed to the wood-based panel. The press plates are designed as heated press plates and consequently heating plates. To the press plates or heating plates upstream inlet and outlet plates may be connected upstream, which form a tapered in the direction of the inlet gap, wherein the upper and / or lower inlet plate are also acted upon with cylinder piston assemblies. Consequently, the pressed material mat to be pressed is first compressed in the area of the inlet mouth in a compression zone. This compression zone is followed by a soaking zone, in which the mat is pressed onto the final dimension using pressure and heat. Finally, the so-called calibration zone, in which the pressed material mat is finished with relatively low pressing pressure and exact press nip adjustment, adjoins this heat-through zone.
Die Erfindung betrifft bevorzugt eine Presse, bei der sich die oberen Querholme und unteren Querholme der Pressenrahmen gegenüberliegen. Die Arbeitszylinderkolbenanordnungen sind zur Verwirklichung einer einfachen Bauweise (unmittelbar) an die oberen und unteren Querholme angeschlossen, d. h. die Kräfte der Zylinderkolbenanordnungen werden auf dem Niveau der Pressenrahmen in das Produkt eingeleitet. Bei solchen Ausführungsformen liegen sich die Abstützungen der oberen und unteren Pressenplatte praktisch gegenüber, so dass sich Pressspaltschwankungen ergeben können, indem der Pressspalt in Pressenlängsrichtung zwischen den Pressenrahmen durch den Gegendruck der Matte auffedert. Dieser Effekt wird durch die zwischen den Pressenrahmen angeordneten Auflager verhindert bzw. verringert.The invention preferably relates to a press, in which the upper transverse bars and lower crossbars of the press frame are opposed. The working cylinder piston assemblies are (directly) connected to the upper and lower crossbars for the realization of a simple construction, i. H. the forces of the cylinder piston arrangements are introduced into the product at the level of the press frame. In such embodiments, the supports of the upper and lower press plate are practically opposite, so that press nip fluctuations may arise by the press nip in the press longitudinal direction between the press frame by the back pressure of the mat springs. This effect is prevented or reduced by the arranged between the press frame supports.
Eine kontinuierliche Presse der eingangs beschriebenen Art mit Druckverteilplatten und Auflagern ist z. B. aus der
Dazu wird in der
Eine gattungsgemäss kontinuierliche Presse mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 ist aus dem
Die insoweit bekannten Maßnahmen haben sich zwar grundsätzlich bewährt, sie sind jedoch weiter entwicklungsfähig. - Hier setzt die Erfindung ein.Although the measures known so far have basically proven themselves, they are still capable of development. - This is where the invention starts.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine kontinuierlich arbeitende Presse zu schaffen, mit welcher sich Holzwerkstoffplatten hoher Qualität in besonders wirtschaftlicher Weise herstellen lassen.The invention has for its object to provide a continuously operating press, which can be used to produce wood panels of high quality in a particularly economical manner.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe lehrt die Erfindung bei einer kontinuierlichen Presse mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 und einem Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 16. Die Erfindung geht dabei zunächst von der grundsätzlichen Erkenntnis aus, dass sich das Verhalten einer kontinuierlich arbeitenden Presse optimieren lässt, wenn Druckverteilplatten, ggf. mit Auflagern, z. B. Isolierungsauflagern, eingesetzt werden. Im Falle einer Oberkolbenpresse liegt die untere Pressenplatte folglich nicht unmittelbar auf den Querholmen der unteren Pressenrahmen auf, sondern unter Zwischenschaltung von Druckverteilplatten. Erfindungsgemäß sind diese Druckverteilplatten nun jedoch nicht mehr als statische Komponenten ausgebildet, sondern die durch die Druckverteilplatten realisierte Unterstützungsfunktion wird gezielt durch einstellbare Kraftunterstützungseinrichtungen an die jeweiligen Gegebenheiten angepasst. Die Erfindung hat dabei erkannt, dass sich die Funktionsweise einer kontinuierlich arbeitenden Presse optimieren lässt, wenn eine variable Anpassung der Druckverteilung über die Pressenlänge ermöglicht wird. Zusätzlich zu den üblicherweise vorgesehenen Presszylindern, welche auf die eine Pressenplatte, z. B. die obere Pressenplatte arbeiten, erfolgt im Rahmen der Erfindung eine optimale Anpassung der Gegebenheiten, indem die Steifigkeit der die andere Pressenplatte unterstützenden Druckverteilplatten über die Kraftunterstützungseinrichtungen angepasst wird. Im Falle einer Oberkolbenpresse arbeiten die Presszylinder auf die obere Pressenplatte, so dass die untere Pressenplatte unter Zwischenschaltung der Druckverteilplatten auf den Pressenrahmen abgestützt ist. In diesem Falle sind die Kraftunterstützungseinrichtungen unterhalb der Druckverteilplatten angeordnet, so dass sie auf die Unterseite der Druckverteilplatten arbeiten. Insgesamt lässt sich über die Kraftunterstützungseinrichtungen die Steifigkeit der Druckverteilplatten und damit indirekt auch das Verhalten der Pressenplatten und folglich die Druckverteilung im Pressspalt bzw. die Geometrie des Pressspaltes variabel an die Gegebenheiten anpassen. Die Kraftunterstützungseinrichtungen können dabei lediglich passiv im Sinne einer (einstellbaren) Abstützung wirken oder auch aktiv eine elastische Verformung der Druckverteilplatten bewirken.To solve this problem, the invention teaches in a continuous press with the features of
Bevorzugt sind die Kraftunterstützungseinrichtungen mit zumindest einer Steuereinrichtung verbunden, mit der die Kraftunterstützungseinrichtungen in Abhängigkeit von einem oder mehreren Prozessparametern ansteuerbar sind. Bei der Steuereinrichtung kann es sich beispielsweise um den ohnehin vorhandenen Prozessrechner handeln oder die Steuereinheit ist mit diesem Prozessrechner verbunden. Die Steuereinrichtung kann z. B. ebenfalls mit den Presszylindern und/oder einen oder mehreren Sensoren verbunden sein. Auf diese Weise gelingt eine adaptive Anpassung der Druckverteilung in Abhängigkeit von einem oder mehreren Prozessparametern, z. B. in Abhängigkeit von den Eigenschaften der einlaufenden Pressgutmatte und/oder der gepressten Platte. Damit wird eine dynamische Maschine geschaffen, die eine dynamische Veränderung der Druckverteilung in Abhängigkeit von verschiedenen Eigenschaften der Pressgutmatte und/oder der herzustellenden Holzwerkstoffplatte und in Abhängigkeit von anderen (äußeren) Pressparametern ermöglicht. Damit besteht zunächst einmal die Möglichkeit, den Pressspalt bzw. die Druckverteilung möglichst gleichmäßig einzustellen, d. h. eine sich über die Pressenlänge nicht oder nicht wesentlich verändernden Pressspalt. Das "Schmiegeprinzip" kann optimiert werden. Im Rahmen der Erfindung kann jedoch auch ganz gezielt in bestimmten Bereichen eine Veränderung des Pressspaltes bzw. der Druckverteilung eingerichtet werden, so dass im Vordergrund nicht stets die Einhaltung des "Schmiegeprinzips" stehen muss, sondern dass dieses Schmiegeprinzip auch ganz gezielt zur Erzielung bestimmter Effekte verlassen werden kann. Der Pressprozess lässt sich optimieren. Im Ergebnis lassen sich Holzwerkstoffplatten mit hoher Qualität und insbesondere hohe Querzugfestigkeit bei gleichzeitig erheblicher Leimeinsparung herstellen. Das Prinzip lässt sich nicht nur bei Dünnplatten oder Dünnstplatten einsetzen, bei dem es bislang in besonderem Maße um die Realisierung des Schmiegeprinzips ging, sondern besonders bevorzugt auch bei Standardplatten bzw. Dickplatten, bei denen bislang der Einsatz von Druckverteilplatten und ggf. Auflager von untergeordneter Bedeutung war.Preferably, the force-assisting devices are connected to at least one control device, with which the force-assistance devices can be controlled as a function of one or more process parameters. The control device may be, for example, the already existing process computer or the control unit is connected to this process computer. The controller may, for. B. also be connected to the pressing cylinders and / or one or more sensors. In this way, an adaptive adaptation of the pressure distribution as a function of one or more process parameters, for. B. depending on the characteristics of the incoming pressed material mat and / or the pressed plate. Thus, a dynamic machine is created, which allows a dynamic change in the pressure distribution as a function of different properties of the pressed material mat and / or the wood-based panel to be produced and in dependence on other (external) pressing parameters. This initially gives you the opportunity to set the press nip or the pressure distribution as evenly as possible, ie a press nip that does not or does not change significantly over the press length. The "bending principle" can be optimized. In the context of the invention, however, a change of the press nip or the pressure distribution can also be set up specifically in certain areas, so that in the foreground not always the observance of the "bowing principle" must be, but that leave behind this Schmiegeprinzip also targeted to achieve certain effects can be. The pressing process can be optimized. As a result, it is possible to produce wood-based panels of high quality and, in particular, high transverse tensile strength while at the same time significantly reducing the glue. The principle can be used not only for thin plates or thin plates, which has so far been particularly concerned with the realization of the Schmiegeprinzips, but particularly preferred for standard plates or thick plates, where hitherto the use of pressure distribution plates and possibly supports of secondary importance was.
Es liegt grundsätzlich im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass lediglich die bereits beschriebenen Auflager zwischen den einzelnen Pressenrahmen angeordnet sind, so dass sich insbesondere das "Schmiegeprinzip" verwirklichen lässt, und zwar optimiert durch die Einstellung des Gegendruckverhaltens mit Hilfe der Kraftunterstützungseinrichtungen. Bevorzugt sind nun jedoch nicht nur zwischen den einzelnen Pressenrahmen bzw. zwischen den Zylinderkolbenanordnungen Auflager vorgesehen, sondern außerdem ist die Pressenplatte im Bereich der Pressenrahmen selbst unter Zwischenschaltung von zusätzlichen Auflagern, nämlich Rahmenauflagern an die Druckverteilplatten angeschlossen, wobei die (eigentlichen) Auflager entlang der Pressenlängsrichtung zwischen den Rahmenauflagern angeordnet sind. Anders als bei einer herkömmlichen Presse mit Druckverteilplatten und fest installierten Auflagern sind nun folglich zwischen den Auflagern zusätzlich auf Rahmenniveau Rahmenauflager vorgesehen, die gleichsam eine Rahmenverlängerung bilden. Die Kombination der auf Rahmenniveau angeordneten Rahmenauflager einerseits und der zwischen den Rahmen angeordneten Auflagern andererseits zusammen mit den Kraftunterstützungseinrichtungen ermöglichen nun in besonders bevorzugter Weise eine optimale Anpassung der Pressencharakteristik. Werden die Auflager folglich durch Zurückziehen der Kraftunterstützungseinrichtungen maximal entlastet, so erfolgt die Abstützung im Wesentlichen durch die Rahmenauflager und folglich in klassischer Weise im Bereich der Pressenrahmen. Kommen im anderen Extremfall die Kraftunterstützungseinrichtungen maximal zum Einsatz, so dass die Druckverteilplatten im Bereich der Auflager maximal unterstützt werden, so werden die Auflager gleichsam über das Niveau der Rahmenauflager angehoben, so dass die Kraft der Zylinderkolbenanordnungen nicht in die Rahmenauflager, sondern in die zwischengeschalteten Auflager eingeleitet wird und gleichsam das Schmiegeprinzip realisiert wird. Von besonderer Bedeutung ist nur die Tatsache, dass durch Variation der Einstellung der Kraftunterstützungseinrichtungen eine empfindliche Anpassung der Pressencharakteristik möglich ist.It is basically within the scope of the invention that only the supports already described between the individual press frame are arranged so that in particular the "kissing principle" can be realized, optimized by the adjustment of the back pressure behavior with the help of the power assistance devices. However, not only between the individual press frame or between the cylinder piston arrangements are now provided support but also the press plate is in the press frame itself with the interposition of additional supports, namely Rahmenauflagern connected to the pressure distribution plates, the (actual) supports along the press longitudinal direction are arranged between the frame supports. Unlike a conventional press with pressure distribution plates and fixed supports are therefore now between the supports additionally provided on a frame level frame support, which form as it were a frame extension. The combination of arranged on the frame level frame support on the one hand and arranged between the frame supports on the other hand, together with the power assistance devices now allow in a particularly preferred manner optimal adjustment of the press characteristic. Consequently, if the supports are maximally relieved by retracting the force-assisting devices, the support is essentially provided by the frame supports and consequently in the classical manner in the area of the press frame. Come in the other extreme case, the maximum power assistance devices used, so that the pressure distribution plates are supported in the area of the supports maximum, the supports are raised as it were above the level of Rahmenauflager, so that the force of the cylinder piston assemblies not in the Rahmenauflager, but in the interposed supports is introduced and, as it were, the Schmiegeprinzip is realized. Of particular importance is only the fact that by varying the setting of the power assistance devices, a sensitive adaptation of the press characteristic is possible.
Die Kraftunterstützungseinrichtungen können z. B. als hydraulische Stelleinrichtungen, z. B. einfach wirkende oder doppelt wirkende Hydraulikzylinder ausgebildet sein. Alternativ können die Kraftunterstützungseinrichtungen auch als elektromotorische Stellantriebe z. B. elektromotorische Spindeltriebe ausgebildet sein. Die Kraftunterstützungseinrichtungen können entweder lediglich zur Einbringung von Druckkräften auf die Druckverteilplatten arbeiten oder aber auch derart angeschlossen sein, dass sowohl Druck- als auch Zugkräfte auf die Druckverteilplatten aufgebracht werden können. Stets kann lediglich eine passive Unterstützung oder auch eine aktive elastische Verformung der Druckverteilplatte bewirkt werden.The power assistance devices may, for. B. as hydraulic actuators, z. B. single-acting or double-acting hydraulic cylinder may be formed. Alternatively, the power assistance devices can also be used as electromotive actuators z. B. electromotive spindle drives may be formed. The power assistance devices can either work only for the introduction of compressive forces on the pressure distribution plates or else be connected in such a way that both compressive and tensile forces can be applied to the pressure distribution plates. Always can only one passive support or an active elastic deformation of the pressure distribution plate can be effected.
Nach einem weiteren Vorschlag ist vorgesehen, dass über die Breite der Druckverteilplatte und folglich über die Pressenbreite und auch über Pressgutmattenbreite mehrere Kraftunterstützungseinrichtungen bzw. Stelleinrichtungen angeordnet sind. Diese können ggf. über einen gemeinsamen Zwischensteg einheitlich auf die Druckverteilplatte arbeiten. Jedenfalls besteht die Möglichkeit, dass über die Länge der Presse eine Vielzahl von Kraftunterstützungseinrichtungen bzw. Stelltrieben oder eine Vielzahl von Reihen von Kraftunterstützungseinrichtungen bzw. Stelltrieben angeordnet sind. So besteht die Möglichkeit, jeweils zwischen zwei Pressenrahmen eine Kraftunterstützungseinrichtung bzw. eine Reihe aus Kraftunterstützungseinrichtungen vorzusehen. Damit kann sich einerseits die Druckverteilung über die Pressenlänge variieren lassen, optional besteht aber auch die Möglichkeit, im Falle mehrerer Kraftunterstützungseinrichtungen die Druckverteilung über die Pressenbreite zu variieren.According to a further proposal it is provided that over the width of the pressure distribution plate and consequently over the press width and also over Pressgutmattenbreite several power assistance devices or adjusting devices are arranged. These may possibly work uniformly on the pressure distribution plate via a common gutter. In any case, there is the possibility that over the length of the press a plurality of power assistance devices or actuators or a plurality of rows of power assistance devices or actuators are arranged. Thus, it is possible to provide a power assistance device or a series of power assistance devices between two press frames in each case. Thus, on the one hand can vary the pressure distribution over the press length, but optionally there is also the possibility to vary the pressure distribution over the press width in the case of multiple power assistance devices.
Die gewünschte Einstellung der Kraftunterstützungseinrichtungen kann z. B. im Zuge der Inbetriebnahme bzw. bei der Vorbereitung der Herstellung eines bestimmten Produktes eingestellt werden. Besonders bevorzugt erfolgt jedoch eine dynamische, z. B. adaptive Anpassung während des Pressbetriebes in Abhängigkeit von bestimmten Pressparametern. Stets lassen sich die optimalen Einstellungen für bestimmte Parameter zuvor empirisch durch Versuche ermitteln.The desired setting of the power assistance devices can, for. B. in the course of commissioning or in the preparation of the production of a particular product can be adjusted. Particularly preferably, however, a dynamic, z. B. adaptive adjustment during the pressing operation as a function of certain pressing parameters. The optimal settings for certain parameters can always be empirically determined by experiments beforehand.
Die kontinuierliche Presse kann in an sich bekannter Weise zusätzlich zu den Pressenplatten mit einlaufseitig vorkragenden Einlaufplatten ausgerüstet sein, welche einen sich in Arbeitsrichtung verjüngenden Einlaufspalt bilden, wobei die obere Einlaufplatte und/oder die untere Einlaufplatte ebenfalls mit an den Querholmen der Pressenrahmen abgestützten Zylinderkolbenanordnungen beaufschlagt sind. Es liegt dabei im Rahmen der Erfindung, wenn im Bereich der Einlaufplatten auf die erfindungsgemäßen Druckverteilplatten und Auflager verzichtet wird. Alternativ liegt es jedoch ebenso im Rahmen der Erfindung, wenn auch die obere oder untere Einlaufplatte unter Zwischenschaltung von Druckverteilplatten, ggf. mit Auflagern, an dem jeweiligen Querholm der Pressenrahmen abgestützt ist.The continuous press can be equipped in a conventional manner in addition to the press plates with inlet side projecting inlet plates, which form a tapered in the direction of the inlet gap, wherein the upper inlet plate and / or the lower inlet plate are also acted upon by supported on the transverse bars of the press frame cylinder piston assemblies. It is within the scope of the invention if, in the area of the inlet plates, the pressure distribution plates and support according to the invention are dispensed with. Alternatively, however, it is also within the scope of the invention, although the upper or lower inlet plate with the interposition of pressure distribution plates, possibly with supports, is supported on the respective cross member of the press frame.
Besonders bevorzugt ist die kontinuierliche Presse als Oberkolbenpresse ausgebildet, bei welcher die Zylinderkolbenanordnungen auf die obere Pressenplatte und ggf. die obere Einlaufplatte arbeiten, in diesem Fall liegt die untere Pressenplatte unter Zwischenschaltung der Druckverteilplatten auf den unteren Querholmen der Pressenrahmen auf. Grundsätzlich lässt sich die Erfindung aber auch bei Unterkolbenpressen realisieren. Stets ist es zweckmäßig, wenn die Druckverteilplatten fest mit den Rahmen verbunden, z. B. verschraubt sind. Die Auflager können - sofern vorhanden - als sich über die jeweilige Plattenbreite erstreckende Auflagerstreifen ausgebildet sein, welche entweder eine sich über die Plattenbreite erstreckende durchgehende Abstützfläche oder auch mehrere über die Plattenbreite verteilte singuläre Abstützflächen aufweisen. Jedenfalls sind diese Abstützflächen in Pressenlängsrichtung zwischen den Pressenrahmen und folglich versetzt zu der Arbeitsrichtung der Zylinderkolbenanordnungen angeordnet. Denn die Zylinderkolbenanordnungen sind besonders bevorzugt in der Rahmenebene positioniert.Particularly preferably, the continuous press is designed as an upper-piston press, in which the cylinder piston assemblies on the upper press plate and possibly the upper inlet plate work, in this case, the lower press plate with the interposition of Druckverteilplatten on the lower cross bars of the press frame. In principle, however, the invention can also be implemented in sub-piston presses. It is always advantageous if the pressure distribution plates firmly connected to the frame, z. B. are screwed. The supports may, if present, be formed as support strips extending over the respective plate width, which have either a continuous support surface extending over the plate width or else a plurality of singular support surfaces distributed over the plate width. In any case, these support surfaces are arranged in the press longitudinal direction between the press frame and thus offset from the working direction of the cylinder piston assemblies. Because the cylinder piston assemblies are particularly preferably positioned in the frame plane.
Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass zwischen jeweils zwei benachbarten Pressenrahmen jeweils ein oder mehrere Auflager mittig positioniert sind. So kann beispielsweise zwischen jeweils zwei benachbarten Pressenrahmen jeweils ein Auflagerstreifen zentral positioniert sein. Es liegt jedoch auch im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass einem Pressenrahmen jeweils zumindest zwei Auflager zugeordnet sind, welche jeweils mit vorgegebenem Abstand zu dem Pressenrahmen in Pressenlängsrichtung beidseitig des Pressenrahmen angeordnet sind. Ausgehend von einem Pressenrahmen mit einer daran angeordneten Zylinderkolbenreihe erfolgt die Krafteinleitung dieser Zylinderkolbenreihe folglich nicht unmittelbar auf den senkrecht darunter liegenden Querholm des Pressenrahmens, sondern gleichsam schräg in Richtung der beidseitig äquidistant beabstandeten Auflager. Auf diese Weise erfolgt auch Verdopplung der Kraftstützpunkte in Pressenlängsrichtung.It is within the scope of the invention that in each case one or more supports are positioned centrally between each two adjacent press frame. For example, between each two adjacent press frame respectively a support strip be centrally positioned. However, it is also within the scope of the invention that a press frame in each case at least two supports are assigned, which are each arranged at a predetermined distance from the press frame in the press longitudinal direction on both sides of the press frame. Starting from a press frame with a cylinder piston row arranged thereon, the introduction of force this cylinder piston row is therefore not directly on the vertically underlying transverse spar of the press frame, but as it were obliquely in the direction of both sides equidistantly spaced supports. In this way, doubling of the power points takes place in the press longitudinal direction.
Dabei ragen die optional vorgesehenen Auflager als Erhebungen um ein vorgegebenes Maß aus der der Pressenplatte zugeordneten Oberfläche der Druckverteilplatte hervor, so dass sich in Pressenlängsrichtung die diskreten Abstützpunkte ergeben.In this case, the optionally provided supports protrude as elevations by a predetermined amount from the surface of the pressure distribution plate assigned to the press plate, so that the discrete support points result in the press longitudinal direction.
Die Erfindung umfasst jedoch grundsätzlich auch Ausführungsformen, bei denen vollständig auf Auflager verzichtet wird, so dass die Pressenplatten unmittelbar oder auch mittelbar auf den Druckverteilplatten aufliegen, so dass im Wesentlichen ebene Gegenflächen zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Bevorzugt sind jedoch die Auflager und besonders bevorzugt zusätzlich die Rahmenauflager vorgesehen.In principle, however, the invention also encompasses embodiments in which bearings are completely dispensed with so that the press plates rest directly or indirectly on the pressure distribution plates, so that substantially flat counter surfaces are made available. Preferably, however, the supports and particularly preferably additionally the frame supports are provided.
Die Druckverteilplatten können im Wesentlichen im gesamten Bereich der Presse, z. B. im gesamten Bereich der Pressenplatten und ggf. im gesamten Bereich der Einlaufplatten vorgesehen sein. Das bedeutet, dass die Druckverteilplatten in einem Bereich angeordnet sind, der zumindest 70 % der Pressenplatten, vorzugsweise zumindest 90 % der Pressenplatten beträgt. Es können über die Pressenlänge eine Vielzahl von einzelnen Druckverteilplatten vorgesehen sein, wobei eine Druckverteilplatte jeweils zwischen zwei benachbarten Pressenrahmen angeordnet und auf den jeweiligen Querholmen der Pressenrahmen abgestützt ist. Alternativ können aber auch durchgehende Druckverteilplatten vorgesehen sein, welche mehrere Pressenrahmen oder auch sämtliche Pressenrahmen überspannen. Insgesamt bilden die Druckverteilplatten, die auch als Tragplatten bezeichnet werden, eine rahmen-überspannende Stützkonstruktion. Bei diesen Druckverteilplatten bzw. Tragplatten kann es sich um Guss- oder Stahlplatten handeln. Stets ist es zweckmäßig, wenn die Druckverteilplatten eine Breite aufweisen, die (in etwa) der Breite der Pressenplatten entspricht.The pressure distribution plates can substantially in the entire region of the press, z. B. be provided in the entire area of the press plates and possibly in the entire area of the inlet plates. This means that the pressure distribution plates are arranged in a region which amounts to at least 70% of the press plates, preferably at least 90% of the press plates. It can be provided over the press length a plurality of individual pressure distribution plates, wherein a pressure distribution plate is arranged in each case between two adjacent press frame and supported on the respective cross bars of the press frame. Alternatively, however, continuous pressure distribution plates can be provided which span a plurality of press frames or even all press frames. Overall, the Druckverteilplatten, which are also referred to as support plates, a frame-spanning support structure. These pressure distribution plates or support plates may be cast or steel plates. It is always expedient if the pressure distribution plates have a width which corresponds (approximately) to the width of the press plates.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist auch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Holzwerkstoffplatten mit einer kontinuierlich arbeitenden Presse der beschriebenen Art. Dieses Verfahren ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Druckverteilplatten zur Variation des Pressprozesses bzw. zur Erzielung eines variablen Gegendruckverhaltens senkrecht zur Pressplattenebene mit Kraftunterstützungseinrichtungen beaufschlagt werden. Die Kraftunterstützungseinrichtungen werden mit einer Steuereinrichtung in Abhängigkeit von einem oder mehreren Prozessparametern eingestellt und ggf. in Abhängigkeit von den Eigenschaften der zu verpressenden Pressgutmatte und/oder den Eigenschaften der gepressten Pressgutplatte gesteuert oder geregelt. Dabei kann eine adaptive Steuerung oder adaptive Regelung realisiert werden.The invention also provides a process for producing wood-based panels with a continuously operating press of the type described. This method is characterized in that the pressure distribution plates are subjected to force-assisting devices for varying the pressing process or for achieving a variable counter-pressure behavior perpendicular to the pressing plate plane. The power assistance devices are adjusted by a control device as a function of one or more process parameters and optionally controlled or regulated as a function of the properties of the pressed material mat to be pressed and / or the properties of the pressed pressed product plate. In this case, an adaptive control or adaptive control can be realized.
Bei den verwendeten Leimen handelt es sich insbesondere um Harnstoff-Formaldehyd-Harze. Holzwerkstoffplatte meint insbesondere Faserplatte und ganz besonders bevorzugt MDF-Platte. Die erfindungsgemäßen Leimeinsparungen lassen sich jedoch auch bei anderen Holzwerkstoffplattentypen und insbesondere auch mit anderen Leimen bzw. Bindemitteln erzielen.The glues used are, in particular, urea-formaldehyde resins. Wood-based panel in particular means fiberboard and most preferably MDF board. The glue savings according to the invention However, they can also be achieved with other wood-based board types and in particular with other glues or binders.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer lediglich ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen
- Fig. 1
- eine erfindungsgemäße kontinuierliche Presse in einer vereinfachten Seitenansicht,
- Fig. 2
- einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus dem Gegenstand nach
Fig. 1 , - Fig. 3
- eine zweite Ausführungsform der Erfindung,
- Fig. 4
- eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform des Gegenstandes nach
Fig. 2 und - Fig. 5
- eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform des Gegenstandes nach
Fig. 3 .
- Fig. 1
- a continuous press according to the invention in a simplified side view,
- Fig. 2
- an enlarged section of the object after
Fig. 1 . - Fig. 3
- a second embodiment of the invention,
- Fig. 4
- a modified embodiment of the article according to
Fig. 2 and - Fig. 5
- a modified embodiment of the article according to
Fig. 3 ,
In den Figuren ist eine kontinuierlich arbeitende Presse zur Herstellung von Holzwerkstoffplatten, insbesondere MDF-Platten dargestellt. In dieser kontinuierlichen Presse wird eine in Arbeitsrichtung A in die Presse einlaufende Pressgutmatte aus beleimten Holzpartikeln, z. B. beleimten Fasern, zu einer Holzwerkstoffplatte verpresst. Die Presse weist im Pressenoberteil eine obere Pressenplatte 1 und im Pressenunterteil eine untere Pressenplatte 2 auf, die jeweils als Heizplatten ausgebildet sind. Die Pressenplatten 1, 2 sind in einem Pressengestell angeordnet, welches aus einer Vielzahl von in Pressenlängsrichtung gereihten Pressenrahmen 3 zusammengesetzt ist. Diese Pressenrahmen sind im Ausführungsbeispiel in Fensterbauweise aus Stahlblechzuschnitten realisiert. Ferner weist die Presse im Pressenoberteil und im Pressenunterteil endlos umlaufende Stahlpressbänder 4 auf, welche unter Zwischenschaltung von Wälzkörperaggregaten, z. B. Rollstäben 5 an den Pressenplatten 1, 2 abgestützt sind. Die Presse ist im Ausführungsbeispiel als Oberkolbenpresse ausgebildet. Das bedeutet, dass auf die obere Pressenplatte 1 eine Vielzahl von in Reihen angeordneten Zylinderkolbenanordnungen 6 arbeitet. Im Bereich jedes Pressenrahmens 3 ist folglich eine Reihe von Zylinderkolbenanordnungen 6 vorgesehen, wobei diese Zylinderkolbenanordnungen 6 einerseits an den oberen Querholm 3a des Pressenrahmens 3 und andererseits an die obere Pressenplatte 1 angeschlossen sind. In den Figuren ist erkennbar, dass die Zylinderkolbenanordnungen 6 jeweils in der Rahmenebene der Pressenrahmen 3 angeordnet sind, so dass die Arbeitsrichtung bzw. Arbeitsebene der Zylinderkolbenanordnungen in der Rahmenebene liegt.In the figures, a continuously operating press for the production of wood-based panels, especially MDF boards is shown. In this continuous press an incoming in the direction of A in the press Pressgutmatte from glued wood particles, z. B. glued fibers pressed into a wood-based panel. The press has an
An die Pressenplatten 1, 2 sind einlaufseitig vorkragende Einlaufplatten 1a, 2a angeschlossen, welche einen sich in Arbeitsrichtung A verjüngenden Einlaufspalt E bilden, an den sich der von den Pressplatten 1, 2 gebildete Pressspalt P anschließt. Im Ausführungsbeispiel handelt es sich um flexible, biegeelastische Einlaufplatten zur Einstellung einer variablen Einlaufkontur. Alternativ können jedoch auch eine oder mehrere gelenkig angeschlossene Einlaufplatten verwendet werden, die ggf. aus mehreren gelenkig miteinander verbundenen Plattenabschnitten zusammengesetzt sind. Die untere Einlaufplatte 2a ist - wie die untere Pressenplatte 2 - auf den unteren Querholmen 3b der Pressenrahmen 3 abgestützt, während an die obere Einlaufplatte 1a - wie an die obere Pressenplatte 1 - Zylinderkolbenanordnungen 6 angeschlossen sind.To the
Die untere Pressenplatte 2 ist unter Zwischenschaltung von Druckverteilplatten 7 an die unteren Querholme 3b der Pressenrahmen angeschlossen. Diese Druckverteilplatten 7 sind optional mit Auflagern 8 ausgerüstet, welche zwischen jeweils in Pressenlängsrichtung benachbarten Pressenrahmen auf den Druckverteilplatten 7 befestigt sind.The
In
Die in den Figuren lediglich angedeuteten Auflager 8 erstrecken sich vorzugsweise über die gesamte Breite der Pressenplatten 1, 2 bzw. Einlaufplatten 1a, 2a. Sie können als sich über die Plattenbreite erstreckende, durchgehende Auflagerstränge im Sinne von durchgehenden Abstützflächen realisiert sein. Alternativ können diese Auflagerstränge aber auch von mehreren über die Plattenbreite verteilten singulären Abstützflächen gebildet werden. Einzelheiten sind nicht gezeigt. Jedenfalls sind die Auflager als Isolierungsauflager ausgebildet, so dass ein übermäßiger Wärmeübertrag von den beheizten Pressenplatten 1, 2 auf die Rahmen unterbunden wird. In dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind über die Pressenlänge eine Vielzahl von einzelnen Druckverteilplatten 7 vorgesehen, wobei eine Druckverteilplatte 7 jeweils zwischen zwei Pressenrahmen 3 angeordnet und auf den unteren Querholmen 3b der Pressenrahmen 3 abgestützt ist. Alternativ können aber auch durchgehende Druckverteilplatten vorgesehen sein, welche mehrere Pressenrahmen oder auch sämtliche Pressenrahmen überspannen. Dieses ist in den Figuren nicht dargestellt.The
Während bei der Ausführungsform nach
Sowohl bei der Ausführungsform nach
Dazu sind die Kraftunterstützungseinrichtungen 9 mit einer Steuereinrichtung 10 verbunden, bei der es sich um einen Prozessrechner handeln kann, der auch die übrigen Pressenbereiche, insbesondere die Presszylinder 6 ansteuert und der auch verschiedene Sensoren o. dgl. ausliest und insgesamt für die Pressensteuerung verantwortlich ist. Über diese Steuereinrichtung 10 lassen sich die Kraftunterstützungseinrichtungen 9 variabel, adaptiv an verschiedene Pressparameter anpassen, so dass während des Herstellungsprozesses eine dynamische Anpassung der Maschine möglich ist.For this purpose, the
Während die
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Presse, die beispielhaft in den Figuren dargestellt ist, lassen sich nicht nur Dünnplatten und Dünnstplatten, sondern besonders bevorzugt Dickplatten mit einer Dicke von 4 mm bis 30 mm, vorzugsweise 6 mm bis 30 mm mit grundsätzlich üblicher Querzugfestigkeit herstellen, jedoch mit deutlich reduzierten Leimmengen.With the press according to the invention, which is shown by way of example in the figures, not only thin plates and Dünnstplatten, but particularly preferably thick plates with a thickness of 4 mm to 30 mm, preferably 6 mm to 30 mm with basically usual transverse tensile strength produce, but with significant reduced amounts of glue.
Claims (17)
- A continuous press for the manufacture of wood based boards, in particular fibre boards or particle boards,
with a press stand with a plurality of press frames (3) arrayed in the longitudinal direction of the press, and with a control device, wherein
an upper press plate (1) and a lower press plate (2) forming a press gap (P) are arranged within the press frame, wherein
the upper press plate (1) or the lower press plate (2) is acted upon by a plurality of cylinder piston arrangements (6), distributed in rows in the longitudinal direction of the press, i.e. the operating direction (A); on one side these are connected to the transverse beams (3a, 3b) of the press frames (3), and on the other side are connected to the respective press plate (1, 2), wherein
the press plate (1, 2) facing away from the cylinder piston arrangements (6) is connected, with the interposition of pressure distribution plates (7), to the transverse beams (3a, 3b) of the press frames associated with the said press plate (1, 2),
characterised in that,
for purposes of varying the pressing process the pressure distribution plates (7) are acted upon by adjustable power-assist devices (9) at right angles to the plane of the press plate, wherein
the power-assist devices (9) are supported on the press frames (3), or on supporting devices connected onto the press frames. - The press in accordance with claim 1, characterised in that, on the pressure distribution plates (7) bearing pads (8) for the press plate (1, 2) are arranged in each case between two adjacent press frames (3) in the longitudinal direction of the press.
- The press in accordance with claim 2, characterised in that, the press plate (1, 2), with the interposition of frame bearing pads (11), is connected to the pressure distribution plates (7) in the region of the press frames (3), wherein the bearing pads (8) are arranged between the frame bearing pads (11) along the longitudinal direction of the press.
- The press in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 3, characterised in that, the power-assist devices (9) are connected with at least one control device (10), with which the power-assist device (9) can be controlled or regulated as a function of one or a plurality of process parameters, e.g. as a function of the properties of the material mat that is to be pressed, and/or the pressed wood based board.
- The press in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 4, characterised in that, the power-assist devices (9) are designed as hydraulic actuators, e.g. single- or double-acting hydraulic cylinders.
- The press in accordance with claim 1 or 5, characterised in that, the power-assist devices (9) are designed as electromotive actuators, e.g. electromotive spindle drives.
- The press in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 6, characterised in that, for purposes of supporting the pressure distribution plates, and/or for purposes of elastic deformation of the pressure distribution plates, solely compression forces, or both compression forces and tension forces, can be applied to the pressure distribution plates with the power-assist devices.
- The press in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 7, characterised in that, a plurality of power-assist devices (9) are arranged in a distributed manner over the width of the pressure distribution plates (7).
- The press in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 8, characterised in that, a multiplicity of power-assist devices (9), or rows of power-assist devices (9), are arranged in a distributed manner over the length of the press, e.g. a row of power-assist devices is arranged between two adjacent press frames in each case.
- The press in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 9, in the form of embodiment as a downstroke press, wherein the cylinder piston arrangements (6) are arranged between the upper transverse beams (3a) of the press frames (3) and the upper press plate (1), characterised in that, the lower press plate (2)is supported, with the interposition of the pressure distribution plates (7), on the lower transverse beams (3b) of the press frames (3), and in that, the actuators (9) are arranged beneath the pressure distribution plates (7) and operate on the lower face of the pressure distribution plates (7).
- The press in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 10, characterised in that, upper and lower intake plates (1 a, 2a) are arranged projecting ahead of the press plates (1, 2) on the intake side; these form an intake gap (E) tapering in the direction of operation, wherein the upper and/or lower inlet plates (1 a, 2a) are impinged upon by the cylinder piston arrangements (6) supported on the transverse bars (3a, 3b) of the press frames, characterised in that, the upper or lower inlet plate (1a, 2a), with the interposition of pressure distribution plates (7), is connected to the transverse bars (3a, 3b) associated with the inlet plate.
- The press in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 11, characterised in that, the pressure distribution plates (7) are arranged, i.e. distributed, in the longitudinal direction of the press over a region that corresponds to more than 75 %, preferably more than 90 %, of the length of the press plates (1, 2), or to the total length of press plate (1, 2) and inlet plate (1 a, 2a).
- The press in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 12, characterised in that, the bearing pads (8) and/or the frame supports (11) are designed as insulating supports with thermal insulation devices.
- The press in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 13, characterised in that, one or a plurality of bearing pads (8) are arranged centrally positioned between two adjacent press frames (3) in each case.
- The press in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 14, characterised in that, at least two bearing pads (8) are associated with the press frames (3) in each case; these are arranged with a distance, prescribed in each case, from the press frame in the longitudinal direction of the press on both sides of the press frame (3).
- A method for the manufacture of wood based boards with a continuous press in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 15, characterised in that, for purposes of varying the pressing process the power-assist devices are adjusted with a control device as a function of one or a plurality of process parameters, and are controlled or regulated during the pressing process.
- The method in accordance with claim 16, characterised in that, the power-assist devices are controlled or regulated as a function of the properties of the material mat that is to be pressed, and/or the properties of the pressed material mat, e.g. in terms of an adaptive control or regulation process.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP11167939.5A EP2527115B1 (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2011-05-27 | Continuous press and associated process |
CN201110195453.0A CN102794814B (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2011-07-13 | Continous pressing machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP11167939.5A EP2527115B1 (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2011-05-27 | Continuous press and associated process |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2527115A1 EP2527115A1 (en) | 2012-11-28 |
EP2527115B1 true EP2527115B1 (en) | 2015-10-14 |
Family
ID=45062732
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11167939.5A Not-in-force EP2527115B1 (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2011-05-27 | Continuous press and associated process |
Country Status (2)
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EP (1) | EP2527115B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102794814B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104552498B (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2016-07-13 | 中南林业科技大学 | The pressurization pressurizer that a kind of glued laminated wood is glued |
CN108356950A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-08-03 | 祁门县建兴竹木制品有限责任公司 | The bamboo flooring layer of multiple spot bidirectional pressing connects with multiple press |
CN111331914B (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-12-17 | 镇江市博驰汽车配件有限公司 | Double-hydraulic cushion structure of single-acting frame deep drawing hydraulic press |
CN113858375B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-04-05 | 东北林业大学 | MDF continuous flat pressing distributed cooperative control sequence planning method |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4340982B4 (en) * | 1993-12-01 | 2005-04-21 | Dieffenbacher Gmbh + Co. Kg | Continuously working press |
DE19828822C1 (en) * | 1998-06-27 | 1999-09-30 | Siempelkamp Gmbh & Co | Continuous press for wood chip panels |
DE19926258B4 (en) * | 1999-06-09 | 2015-07-30 | Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen- und Anlagenbau | Continuously working press for the production of material plates |
DE10320741B4 (en) | 2003-05-09 | 2005-02-24 | Siempelkamp Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg | Continually operated chipboard press for thin panels has upper frame and lower frame with a layer of laterally transposed insulation panels |
DE102008022857A1 (en) * | 2008-05-08 | 2009-11-12 | Dieffenbacher Gmbh + Co. Kg | Continuously operating press for compressing scattered pressed mat during manufacturing of e.g. medium density fiberboard-plate, has deflecting and supporting devices forming clamping zone between upper and lower steel strips |
CN101508127B (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2013-09-25 | 中国福马机械集团有限公司 | Continuous press capable of continuously pressing compact ingot |
DE102009023577A1 (en) * | 2009-06-02 | 2010-12-09 | Dieffenbacher Gmbh + Co. Kg | Continuously operating press for pressing of pressing goods to material plates, has carrier arranged between pressing frames for supporting press plates and comprising ends that partially extends into support areas of two pressing frames |
DE102009023581A1 (en) * | 2009-06-02 | 2010-12-09 | Dieffenbacher Gmbh + Co. Kg | Continuously operating press for pressing press material to material plate, has continuous steel belts supported by rolling support, and cantilever arms arranged at one of pressing frames in direction of adjacent pressing frame |
-
2011
- 2011-05-27 EP EP11167939.5A patent/EP2527115B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-07-13 CN CN201110195453.0A patent/CN102794814B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN102794814B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
EP2527115A1 (en) | 2012-11-28 |
CN102794814A (en) | 2012-11-28 |
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