EP2507816B1 - Lampe à décharge électrique sous haute pression pour le traitement cosmétique de la peau - Google Patents

Lampe à décharge électrique sous haute pression pour le traitement cosmétique de la peau Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2507816B1
EP2507816B1 EP10790894.9A EP10790894A EP2507816B1 EP 2507816 B1 EP2507816 B1 EP 2507816B1 EP 10790894 A EP10790894 A EP 10790894A EP 2507816 B1 EP2507816 B1 EP 2507816B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
discharge lamp
pressure discharge
electrical high
illuminating tube
electromagnetic radiation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP10790894.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2507816A1 (fr
Inventor
Ulrich Berger
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Heraeus Noblelight GmbH
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Heraeus Noblelight GmbH
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Publication of EP2507816A1 publication Critical patent/EP2507816A1/fr
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Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
    • H01J61/302—Vessels; Containers characterised by the material of the vessel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/82—Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr
    • H01J61/822—High-pressure mercury lamps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/82—Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr
    • H01J61/827—Metal halide arc lamps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric high-pressure discharge lamp for a cosmetic skin treatment, comprising a luminous tube made of quartz glass, wherein in the luminous tube at least two electrodes made of metal with a mutual distance greater than the inner diameter of the luminous tube are arranged. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of an electric high-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention.
  • Irradiation lamps which emit a nearly continuous spectrum are, for example, electric high-pressure discharge lamps.
  • Such high-pressure discharge lamps are arranged behind filter disks.
  • Such arrangements have the disadvantage that an additional component is necessary to construct an irradiation lamp. This additional component takes up space and incurs additional costs.
  • a luminous tube of a high-pressure electric discharge lamp consists of quartz glass which is doped with vanadium and optionally additionally with cerium and / or titanium.
  • doping can be dispensed with a filter disk, as this reduces the radiation in the undesirable area.
  • the disadvantage hereof is that the absorption edges of the vanadium doping are not optimal in order to obtain the desired wavelength profile.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art, in particular an electric high-pressure discharge lamp is to be provided, which generates the desired wavelength spectrum or emits a wavelength spectrum that comes as close as possible to the desired. At least the particularly unfavorable short wavelengths below 550 nm should be avoided.
  • an electric high-pressure discharge lamp with the features of claim 1 is proposed. Furthermore, to solve this problem, a use of the electric high-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention is proposed. In the dependent claims each preferred developments are carried out. Features and details that are described in connection with the electric high-pressure discharge lamp, apply-also in connection with the use and in each case vice versa.
  • the object is achieved in that in the light pipe, a gas is included and the quartz glass is doped with copper and tin, whereby the transmission of the light pipe for electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength shorter than 550 nm is reduced.
  • the light tube made of quartz glass with at least 99.5 wt .-% SiO 2 consists.
  • the electric high-pressure discharge lamp is a halogen radiator.
  • gas in the light tube comprises mercury and / or lithium iodide.
  • halogen compounds of one or more metals of the I. and / or II. And / or III. Group of the Periodic Table of the Elements are included.
  • the gas comprises mercury iodide and lithium iodide and also argon and that the gas preferably additionally comprises thallium iodide.
  • a metal oxide coating which attenuates electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength longer than 800 nm, be provided at least in regions on the surface of the light tube.
  • the light pipe is provided at least one end with a coating which reflects heat rays, in particular a coating comprising zirconium oxide.
  • the doping reduces the transmission for electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength shorter than 550 nm by 70%, preferably by 80%, compared to an undoped light tube.
  • the transmission reduces the transmission for electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength between 300 nm and 550 nm by 70%, in particular 80%, with respect to an undoped light tube as a result of the doping.
  • the light tube transmits electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength between 550 nm and 750 nm to at least 70%.
  • the light tube is doped with titanium.
  • the light tube is elongate, preferably cylindrical, more preferably cylindrical with a circular base.
  • a gas is included, wherein the gas has mercury and lithium iodide, the light pipe is additionally doped with copper and titanium, to a transmission of the light pipe for electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength shorter than 550 nm to reduce.
  • the high-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention has a luminous gas - also referred to as gas in the context of the present invention - which comprises lithium iodide.
  • a luminous gas - also referred to as gas in the context of the present invention - which comprises lithium iodide.
  • the electric high-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention is characterized in that the light-emitting tube produced from SiO 2 - also referred to as quartz glass - is doped with copper and tin.
  • the copper doping attenuates the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the gas with a wavelength shorter than 550 nm.
  • the doping of the light tube causes that acts like a low pass in the frequency domain or a high pass in the wavelength range of the electromagnetic radiation.
  • the doping does not achieve a jump function in the transmission, but the doping makes it possible to filter out a substantial portion-at least 50%-of possibly damaging UV (ultraviolet) components in the light of the high-pressure electrical discharge lamp.
  • UV ultraviolet
  • the invention is based on the surprising finding that the desired absorption of the lower wavelength range can be achieved permanently by the combination of copper and tin as doping, that is, without the absorption properties of the light tube deteriorating too rapidly over time.
  • copper When copper is used alone, it diffuses through the crystal lattice of the quartz glass and forms clusters. The reason for this is the high temperature, which is exposed to the light tube in the electric high-pressure discharge lamp. Since the copper clusters do not dissolve again, less and less copper is distributed in the quartz glass. The density of the copper dopants thus decreases too fast over the operating time. As a result, the absorption properties of the doped SiO 2 deteriorate.
  • a light tube doped only with copper will thus increasingly transmit unwanted, damaging, short-wave electromagnetic radiation. It was surprisingly found that doping with tin, in addition to copper, inhibited the formation of clusters at high temperatures or even prevented, and that this effect can be used advantageously for fluorescent tubes of high-pressure electric discharge lamps.
  • the desired absorption properties of the light tube remain as long as obtained and the electric high-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention achieves a long service life. Since a copper-tin alloy is called bronze, one can also speak of a bronze doping of the quartz glass.
  • the tin doping thus addresses the problem that the life of a luminous tube made of quartz glass, which is doped with copper, is very short, or that the absorption properties of a copper-doped luminous tube of SiO 2 decrease over time. This is due to the high temperature of the electric high-pressure discharge lamp during operation.
  • This solves the problem of providing an electric high-pressure discharge lamp which, on the one hand, radiates the advantageous spectrum but at the same time does not deteriorate during operation, that is, experiences no undesired aging.
  • the advantage lies in the fact that the high-pressure discharge lamp or at least the light tube does not have to be changed regularly in order to preclude a risk to the person being irradiated. This saves costs, resources and time and makes all devices equipped with such a high-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention more user-friendly.
  • collagen denotes a structural protein of the connective tissue (more precisely, the extracellular matrix) which occurs in humans and animals.
  • connective tissue more precisely, the extracellular matrix
  • collagen is the most common protein, accounting for over 30% of the total weight of all proteins.
  • Collagen is an essential organic component of bone and skin.
  • the doping refers to a process in which the SiO 2 material of the arc tube is deliberately contaminated with foreign atoms. The foreign atoms are thereby inserted by ion bombardment or diffusion etc. into the crystalline atomic structure.
  • doping methods for example diffusion, sublimation from the gas phase or bombardment by means of high-energy particle guns under vacuum (ion implantation).
  • the copper and the tin can also be incorporated in elemental form, as bronze or, better, as oxides of a SiO 2 melt to produce a quartz glass with the desired doping.
  • high-pressure discharge lamps or else gas discharge lamps are light sources which use a gas discharge to generate light and thereby exploit the spontaneous emission by atomic or molecular electronic transitions and the recombination of a generated by electrical discharge plasma.
  • the gas forming the plasma is a mixture which contains mercury and lithium iodide, although noble gases may also be present (xenon, krypton, neon).
  • the two electrodes in the light pipe may comprise tungsten (solid or wire wound).
  • the current density inside the light tube is so high that the low-pressure discharge at the start immediately merges into an arc discharge, so that the internal pressure increases sharply by rising temperature and evaporating Biddle.
  • the electrodes reach depending on the design temperatures of about 1000 ° C to several 1000 ° C and are not preheated. Due to the higher density and the resulting smaller free path of the particles are located in the high pressure discharge lamp (p> 0.1 bar or> 10000 Pa) electron and gas temperature in approximate equilibrium. In contrast to fluorescent tubes, the voltages are low (50 to 200 V) and the discharge currents (typically 1 to 10 A) significantly higher.
  • the transmission describes a quantity for the permeability of a medium for electromagnetic waves. Hits a wave that moves in medium A; on a medium B of finite thickness, it is reflected depending on the material properties of the obstacle in part at the interfaces and absorbed when passing completely or partially. The remainder is transmitted through the medium B and exits again on the opposite side of the medium B.
  • the transmission - also referred to as transmittance - is a measure of the "transmitted" intensity.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the high-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention is characterized in that in the light tube one or more halogen compounds of one or more metals of I. and / or II. And / or III. Group of the Periodic Table of the Elements are included. Lithium compounds are used in the context of high pressure discharge lamps only very cautious, since it is known that they have a certain aggressiveness, which varies depending on the concentration. According to the invention, the lithium concentration can be so low that no or only slight damage to the luminous tube made of quartz glass is to be expected over the expected service life.
  • the gas of the light tube can additionally be supplemented with a halogen or a halogen compound for damping the aggressive action of the lithium iodide.
  • the halogen compounds dissociate into the plasma, yet the temperature near the wall of the light tube is so low that it presumably comes into contact only with the halogen salts and thereby shields against potentially harmful vapors of the lithium.
  • a further advantageous embodiment is characterized in that the gas has mercury iodide and lithium iodide and argon.
  • the noble gas argon serves to stabilize the discharge.
  • a particularly uniform and long-term usable spectrum is generated, which is located near a continuum radiator and has proven to be particularly efficient and effective for cosmetic skin treatments.
  • thallium iodide has proved to be advantageous because the iodine settles on the cooler walls of the light pipe and connects there with the atomized tungsten of the electrodes. This volatile compound decomposes at high temperatures, in particular at the electrodes. This causes the light drop caused due to the blackening of the vessel wall to be reduced.
  • the light tube is provided with a metal oxide coating in order to attenuate electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength longer than 800 nm.
  • the combination of the inventively provided electric high-pressure discharge lamp with a metal oxide coating results in a bandpass behavior.
  • the doping of the light pipe with copper and tin and possibly also titanium reduces the emission of UV radiation from the high-pressure discharge lamp.
  • the IR (infrared) content of the emitted light can be reduced by coating the light tube with at least one metal oxide. Again, there is no attenuation that corresponds to the course of a jump function. Nevertheless, a reduction of the transmission by at least 50% compared to an uncoated luminous tube can be achieved by the metal oxide coating from a wavelength of 850 nm.
  • titanium oxide as metal oxide has proven to be particularly advantageous since it achieves at least 50% attenuation of the electromagnetic radiation in a wavelength range between 800 nm and 1200 nm.
  • the metal oxide coating provided according to the invention can be produced in a dip coating process become.
  • the metal alcoholic coating solutions used in this process are converted into firmly adhering metal oxide layers in a thermal process.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the electric high-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention is characterized in that the light pipe is provided on at least one end with a coating reflecting the heat rays.
  • the generation of a plasma in the high-pressure discharge lamp produces a not inconsiderable amount of heat radiation.
  • the electrodes which are located at the respective outer ends of the elongated light tube, it has proven to be advantageous to provide these ends with a heat radiation reflecting coating.
  • a particularly high reflectivity for the heat radiation which contains in a gas containing mercury and lithium iodide, results from the use of zirconium oxide. Zirconia is easily and simply applied to the outside of the light tube and forms a durable and durable coating, which leads by reflection, the heat radiation from the electrodes.
  • the transmission of the light pipe for electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength shorter than 550 nm is reduced by 70%, in particular 80%, compared to an undoped light tube by the doping.
  • the desired reduction of the transmission by the stated percentage ensures that no UV radiation leads to damage to the skin of the person who is irradiated with the high-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention. It has turned out to be particularly advantageous if the transmission for electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength between 300 nm and 550 nm is converted by the doping 70%, in particular 80% compared to an undoped light tube is reduced.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the electric high-pressure discharge lamp is characterized in that the light tube transmits electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength between 550 nm and 750 nm with at least 70%.
  • the light tube transmits electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength between 550 nm and 750 nm with at least 70%.
  • Also claimed in accordance with the invention is a use of an electric high-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention in a tanning device or emitter for a cosmetic skin treatment.
  • the use of the high pressure discharge lamp according to the invention in a tanning device serves to stimulate collagen production in the skin of an irradiated body part.
  • the special feature according to the invention consists in the fact that the high-pressure discharge lamp disclosed here can be installed directly in commercially available browning devices, also referred to as tanning devices.
  • commercially used tanning devices - also referred to as tanning beds - can be converted into treatment devices for the skin by replacing the integrated high-pressure discharge lamp with those disclosed here.
  • FIG. 1 an electric high-pressure discharge lamp 10 according to the invention is shown.
  • This high-pressure discharge lamp 10 has an elongated light pipe 20, which is made of a low-hydrogen quartz to reduce the light fall.
  • the elongated light tube 20 has for this purpose at least 99.5 wt .-% SiO 2 .
  • At the respective ends are bruises 50, which complete the light tube 20 gas-tight. Through the bruises 50 run supply wires 55 with which electrical energy can be brought to the electrodes 21.
  • the mutual distance of the electrodes 21 to each other is large compared to an inner diameter of the light pipe 20.
  • the electrodes 21 are made of activated, difficult-to-melt materials such. B. tungsten produced.
  • the high-pressure discharge lamp 10 should be used for cosmetic skin treatments and therefore should emit electromagnetic radiation in a wavelength range between 550 nm and 800 nm.
  • the light pipe 20 is filled with a gas comprising mercury 30 and lithium iodide 40.
  • the use of lithium iodide 40 ensures that a broadened spectrum results in the desired wavelength interval, which has almost the characteristics of a continuum spectrum.
  • the luminous tube 20 according to the invention is characterized in that it is doped with copper and tin or with copper, tin and titanium in order to reduce transmission of the luminous tube 20 for electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength shorter than 550 nm.
  • the doping ensures that the light emitted by the high-pressure discharge lamp 10 has only very small proportions in the UV. Because these UV components of the electromagnetic radiation are absorbed by the appropriately doped light tube 20.
  • this may have mercury iodide and lithium iodide and argon.
  • Argon provides it as a noble gas for a particularly stable burning of the plasma between the two electrodes 21.
  • one or more halogen compounds are included in the light pipe 20, one or more halogen compounds are included. These halogen compounds have surprisingly been shown to reduce a potentially damaging effect of lithium at high concentrations.
  • the high-pressure discharge lamp 10 according to the invention can also be used at high lithium iodide concentrations, without damaging the luminous tube 20 constructed from quartz glass.
  • FIG. 2 a further advantageous embodiment of the high-pressure discharge lamp 10 according to the invention is shown. This is different from that FIG. 1 only in that in addition a heat-reflecting coating 60 is provided at the ends of the light pipe 20.
  • This reflective coating 60 is advantageously made of zirconia.
  • the high-pressure discharge lamp 10 may also have a metal oxide coating 80, which likewise serves to damp electromagnetic radiation, which FIG. 3 clarified.
  • the FIG. 3 is a partial enlargement of the area I from the FIG. 2 and shows a section through the inner wall of the light pipe 20 in the region of the electrodes 21.
  • the SiO 2 of the elongated light pipe 20 according to the invention is doped with copper 70, tin 70 'and / or titanium 70'. As a result, the transmission of the light-emitting tube 20 for electromagnetic radiation 110 having a wavelength shorter than 550 nm is reduced.
  • the luminous tube 20 absorbs the electromagnetic radiation 110, which has a wavelength which is smaller than 550 nm.
  • the outer surface of the luminous tube 20 with a metal oxide coating 80 be provided. This is advantageously titanium oxide.
  • This metal oxide coating 80 attenuates electromagnetic radiation 110 ', which has a wavelength of more than 800 nm. Due to its doping and the coating with a metal oxide, the light tube 20 develops the behavior of a bandpass filter.
  • electromagnetic radiation 110 having a wavelength between 550 nm and 800 nm passes almost undamped into the surroundings of the high-pressure discharge lamp, whereby according to the invention the light of said wavelength is absorbed to a maximum of 30% in the arc tube 20 or the coating 80 Rest of the electromagnetic Radiation 110 "exits into the environment 100 and can be used for cosmetic skin treatments.
  • an electromagnetic radiation 110 is generated in the inner 22 of the light pipe 20 by the glowing gas 30, 40.
  • the electromagnetic radiation 110 enters the quartz walls of the light pipe 20. There, partial absorption takes place at the dopings 70, 70 'of the quartz glass, in particular in the wavelength range below 550 nm.
  • the electromagnetic radiation 110' filtered in the lower wavelength range then enters the metal oxide coating 80, where a further partial absorption, above all in the wavelength range above 750 nm nm or 800 nm.
  • the electromagnetic radiation 110 "filtered in the upper and lower wavelength ranges exits the high-pressure discharge lamp into the environment 100.
  • tin 70 is additionally doped in the quartz glass. The tin 70 'prevents the formation of copper clusters and thus the reduction of the density of the copper 70 in the SiO 2 matrix.
  • a doping of the SiO 2 with titanium 70 'can additionally take place in order to achieve additional absorption and to make the absorption area more uniform.

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  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Lampe à décharge électrique haute pression (10) pour un traitement cutané cosmétique, comprenant un tube lumineux (20) en verre de quartz, dans laquelle au moins deux électrodes (21) en métal avec un écart mutuel supérieur au diamètre interne du tube lumineux (20) sont disposées dans le tube lumineux (20) et dans laquelle un gaz est inclus dans le tube lumineux (20),
    caractérisée en ce que
    le verre de quartz est dopé de cuivre (70) et d'étain (70'), moyennant quoi la transmission du tube lumineux (20) pour le rayonnement électromagnétique avec une longueur d'onde inférieure à 550 nm est réduite.
  2. Lampe à décharge électrique haute pression (10) selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le tube lumineux (20) se compose de verre de quartz avec au moins 99,5 % en poids de SiO2.
  3. Lampe à décharge électrique haute pression (10) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que
    la lampe à décharge électrique haute pression (10) est un projecteur halogène.
  4. Lampe à décharge électrique haute pression (10) selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que
    le gaz dans le tube lumineux (20) comprend du mercure (30) et/ou de l'iodure de lithium (40).
  5. Lampe à décharge électrique haute pression (10) selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que
    un ou plusieurs composés halogène d'un ou plusieurs métaux du premier et/ou deuxième et/ou troisième groupe du système périodique des éléments sont contenus dans le tube lumineux (20).
  6. Lampe à décharge électrique haute pression (10) selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que
    le gaz comprend de l'iodure de mercure et de l'iodure de lithium (40) ainsi que de l'argon et que le gaz comprend de préférence en outre de l'iodure de thallium.
  7. Lampe à décharge électrique haute pression (10) selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que
    un revêtement d'oxyde métallique (80) qui amortit le rayonnement électromagnétique avec une longueur d'onde supérieure à 800 nm est prévu au moins par région sur la surface du tube lumineux (20).
  8. Lampe à décharge électrique haute pression (10) selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que
    le tube lumineux (20) est pourvu d'une garniture (60) à au moins une extrémité qui réfléchit les rayons thermiques, notamment d'une garniture (60) comprenant de l'oxyde de zircon.
  9. Lampe à décharge électrique haute pression (10) selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que
    la transmission pour le rayonnement électromagnétique avec une longueur d'onde inférieure à 550 nm est réduite par le dopage de 70 %, de préférence de 80 % par rapport à un tube lumineux non dopé (20).
  10. Lampe à décharge électrique haute pression (10) selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que
    la transmission pour le rayonnement électromagnétique avec une longueur d'onde comprise entre 300 nm et 550 nm est réduite par le dopage de 70 %, notamment de 80 % par rapport à un tube lumineux non dopé (20).
  11. Lampe à décharge électrique haute pression (10) selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que
    le tube lumineux (20) transmet à au moins 70 % le rayonnement électromagnétique avec une longueur d'onde comprise entre 550 nm et 750 nm.
  12. Lampe à décharge électrique haute pression (10) selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que
    le tube lumineux (20) est dopé de titane (70').
  13. Lampe à décharge électrique haute pression (10) selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que
    le tube lumineux (20) est oblong, de préférence cylindrique, de manière particulièrement préférée cylindrique avec une surface de base circulaire.
  14. Utilisation d'une lampe à décharge électrique haute pression (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans un appareil de bronzage ou projecteur pour le traitement cutané cosmétique.
EP10790894.9A 2009-12-04 2010-12-02 Lampe à décharge électrique sous haute pression pour le traitement cosmétique de la peau Not-in-force EP2507816B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009056753A DE102009056753A1 (de) 2009-12-04 2009-12-04 Elektrische Hochdruckentladungslampe für kosmetische Hautbehandlung
PCT/EP2010/007319 WO2011066967A1 (fr) 2009-12-04 2010-12-02 Lampe à décharge électrique sous haute pression pour le traitement cosmétique de la peau

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2507816A1 EP2507816A1 (fr) 2012-10-10
EP2507816B1 true EP2507816B1 (fr) 2013-10-02

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EP10790894.9A Not-in-force EP2507816B1 (fr) 2009-12-04 2010-12-02 Lampe à décharge électrique sous haute pression pour le traitement cosmétique de la peau

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Country Link
US (1) US20120248963A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2507816B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102725819B (fr)
DE (1) DE102009056753A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011066967A1 (fr)

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CN102725819B (zh) 2016-03-30
DE102009056753A1 (de) 2011-06-09
US20120248963A1 (en) 2012-10-04
EP2507816A1 (fr) 2012-10-10
WO2011066967A1 (fr) 2011-06-09
CN102725819A (zh) 2012-10-10

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