EP2506978B1 - Appareil et méthode de séparation de particules avec différentes conductivités électriques - Google Patents

Appareil et méthode de séparation de particules avec différentes conductivités électriques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2506978B1
EP2506978B1 EP10785440.8A EP10785440A EP2506978B1 EP 2506978 B1 EP2506978 B1 EP 2506978B1 EP 10785440 A EP10785440 A EP 10785440A EP 2506978 B1 EP2506978 B1 EP 2506978B1
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Prior art keywords
magnet system
rotation
particles
transport
sorted
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EP10785440.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2506978A1 (fr
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Hubertus Exner
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Priority to PL10785440T priority Critical patent/PL2506978T3/pl
Priority to SI201030803T priority patent/SI2506978T1/sl
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/23—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp
    • B03C1/24—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp with material carried by travelling fields
    • B03C1/247—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp with material carried by travelling fields obtained by a rotating magnetic drum

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for separating differently electrically conductive particles of a sorted material, with a Wirbelstromabscheider with a rotating magnet system with a rotation axis, and with a transport device on which the sorting material of different conductive particles in a transport direction by a magnetic field spanned by the magnetic field runs ,
  • the eddy-current sorting is based on two physical phenomena: on the one hand, time-varying magnetic fields are accompanied by an electric field (induction law) and, on the other hand, current-carrying conductors build up an electric field around themselves (Biot-Savart's law). So if good conductive particles are moved together with non-conductive particles in a magnetic field, eddy currents are generated in the field. These eddy currents in turn cause magnetic fields that are directed opposite to those of the alternating magnetic field. Overall, this results in a repulsive force effect. This force accelerates conductive particles in Form of a throwing motion and removes it in this way from the mass flow of non-conductive particles.
  • non-ferrous metals mean that, in a mixture to be sorted, metal fractions containing waste materials are actually, if possible, recycled will be recognized when sorting. Any unrecognized particles in sorting, for example, an aluminum particle other than aluminum that is discarded, represents a loss of that raw material.
  • the axis of rotation of the magnet system occupies an angle of more than 40 ° and less than 50 ° relative to the transport direction of the transport device, and that the direction of rotation of the magnet system is directed about its axis of rotation, in that the particles of the material to be sorted which have been detected and affected by the magnetic field are acted upon by a movement pulse counter to the transport direction of the transport device.
  • the object is achieved in that the axis of rotation of the magnet system relative to the transport direction of the sorting material occupies an angle of more than 40 ° and less than 50 ° and that the direction of rotation of the magnet system is directed about its axis of rotation so that the Magnetic field detected and affected particles of the sorted goods are acted upon by a movement impulse opposite to the transport direction of the transport device.
  • the angle of the axis of rotation of the magnet system and the transport direction of the transport device is 45 °.
  • the device and the method thus work with rotating magnet systems whose rotation axes are not perpendicular to the transport direction, as is usually the case in the prior art, so that the particles to be sorted can execute a more or less large parabola in the area of the magnet system and can be sorted, or possibly run by cleverly running transport facilities partly with a conveyor belt in one direction and leave the conveyor belt at a different electrical conductivity and can be collected.
  • the angle is instead oblique to the transport direction, and is between 40 ° and 50 °, more preferably by 45 °.
  • the magnet system is adjusted so that it act on the sorting particles of the sorted material, which are in the magnetic field and due to their physical properties are also affected by this magnetic field, against the transport direction.
  • the particles affected by the magnetic field are thus not forward as usual in the form of a parabola or as in the DE 43 17 640 A1 proposed to the side in collecting container from the mass flow out, but quite the contrary, they are slightly obliquely pushed back in a "backward direction" in relation to the incoming stream of other particles of the sorted material. So you do not leave the conveyor belt, but move with a lateral component on this.
  • Particles that are not affected by the magnetic field such as pieces of plastic, on the other hand, continue to run straight on together with the conveyor belt, uninfluenced by the magnetic field.
  • Each particle of the sorted material which is more or less affected by the magnetic field, is thus just in the area of interest around the Magnetic system applied by two forces around.
  • the conveyor belt wants to move it forward in the transport direction, on the other hand, it is acted upon by the magnetic field obliquely backwards.
  • the particle thus moves in a zigzag line repeatedly in the transport direction towards the magnet system and then obliquely backwards away from it.
  • a device which is able to determine the separation of particles of a sorted material by their different electrical conductivity not by differently wide throwing movements, but by the fact that the differently conductive non-ferrous metal particles depending on their conductivity, distracted or unhindered be ejected.
  • an arrangement is made so that the longitudinal axis of the magnet system is arranged at an angle of 45 ° below the transport device.
  • the particles of the discontinued sorting material lying on the transport device strike the magnetic field of the rotating magnet system.
  • This magnetic field penetrates the transport device with its magnetic lines and forms a kind of fictitious eddy current barrier. This barrier does not act on non-conductive material, which consequently continues unaffected in the transport direction with the transport device.
  • the rotating magnet system exerts a force which acts approximately perpendicular to the axis of the rotating magnet system and thus due to the inclination of the axis of rotation at an angle of preferably 45 ° to the transport direction.
  • the individual particles experience a largely suppressed throwing motion backwards.
  • the movement takes place only over a short distance, until the particles have moved sufficiently far away from the center of the magnet system. Then the particles again run towards the magnet system in the transport direction. The process is then repeated several times, since the particles each move in a direction of 45 ° obliquely backwards against the transport direction of the transport device for a short distance before they turn back again and then run directly back to the magnet system in the transport direction.
  • the movement of the conductive particles is parallel to the fictitious barrier and the longitudinal axis of the rotating magnet system.
  • the conductive particles are then taken by the conveyor belt in the transport direction and discharged at the end.
  • the permanent loosening removes non-conductive material along the entire barrier.
  • the particular advantage is that the mass flows to be separated do not interfere.
  • the reduction of the throwing motion also leads to the fact that with significantly lower speeds the pole wheel can be driven even with large particles.
  • the end of the barrier is determined by the length of the longitudinal axis of the pole wheel.
  • the pole wheel should therefore be arranged so that at its end, the barrier can also be overcome by the conductive particles and the conductive material with the tape direction (in the case of using a conveyor belt as a transport device) is discharged.
  • an optimal two-stage mode of operation is achieved.
  • a second pole wheel in a second magnet system with a parallel longitudinal axis is arranged so that the mass flow of the non-conductive material is subjected to a new cleaning.
  • the resulting concentrate stream of conductive material is combined with the mass flow conductive material of the first barrier step and discharged.
  • This intermediate product may be another material with a product lying between the conductivities of the first two types of material, but it may also be a material that is not completely pure by mechanical separation.
  • additional additional magnet systems with pole wheels with parallel longitudinal axes can be connected downstream in order to achieve a multi-stage cleaning process.
  • two magnet systems are used with pole wheels whose longitudinal axes are arranged at an acute angle to each other and thereby form a mirror image arrangement of two pole wheels. Between the two pole wheels an opening for the discharge of the combined metal concentrate streams is provided at the apex.
  • the material task is done in this case appropriate on the left and the right side of the conveyor belt. Accordingly, the material flows of the non-conductive material on both sides of the conveyor belt discharged.
  • An additional requirement is an increase, such as a doubling of the bandwidth.
  • particle sizes up to 500 mm can be sorted.
  • the barrier effect can be shortened by moving the feed chute to the center of the conveyor belt. As a result, the discharge process for the material to be sorted is shortened and the throughput is increased.
  • the forces can be very finely dosed. It is advantageous that the material usually to be sorted is already pre-classified, so that usually all particles are spherical or cylindrical, albeit with teeth and edges. Physically, the magnetic field acts on the lower region of a particle adjacent to the conveyor belt more strongly than the upper region of a particle farthest from the conveyor belt, even if this particle is very small. This results in the particle being given an angular momentum that rolls the particle in one direction on the conveyor belt at least that magnetic field strengths that are not so large that the entire particle is accelerated through the magnetic field.
  • platelet-shaped particles in the corresponding magnetic fields due to their shape no corresponding angular momentum can be given, they are applied exactly in the opposite direction as spherical or cylindrical particles; So they do not roll against the transport direction of the conveyor belt, but would be applied in the same direction of rotation of the magnet system even with forces in the transport direction.
  • a sorted item 10 is fed by means of a feed device 20.
  • the feeder 20 is a vibrating trough in the example shown.
  • the sorted material 10 consists of a mixture of more or less highly electrically conductive particles. In the illustrated embodiment, these particles are to be separated from each other into a first material fraction of non-conductive or poorly conductive particles 11 and a second material fraction of highly conductive or at least better conductive particles 12th
  • the sorted material 10 is still mixed and unsorted.
  • the task of the particles of the sorting material 10, that is the material, in the region 21 to a transport device 30 takes place.
  • This transport device 30 is in the example shown, a conveyor belt with an upper run 31 and a lower run 32.
  • the conveyor belt is stretched over two rollers 33 and 34.
  • One of the two rollers 33, 34 serves as a drive.
  • the upper strand 31 runs in the process FIG. 1 from top left to bottom right, so from the area 21 of the task of sorting material 10 away to the viewer.
  • the sorted particles of Sortierguts 10 are placed on the upper strand 31, namely, as in the FIG. 1 to recognize, adjacent to a first edge region 35 of the conveyor belt.
  • the magnet system 40 has a pole wheel, which rotates about an axis 41.
  • the pole wheel can have a very different structure and can have a symmetrical or eccentric system of magnets on its circumference.
  • the arrangement of the magnet system is selected in the illustrated embodiment so that the axis 41 is at an angle of 45 ° to the transport direction of the transport device 30.
  • the length of the pole wheel or magnet system 40 in the direction of the axis 41 is selected such that it does not extend at least in one of the two directions into the second edge region 37 of the upper run 31.
  • the sorted material 10 of nonconductive 11 and conductive 12 particles applied to the conveyor belt or the transport device 30 in the region 21 is now conveyed by the region 21 on the upper strand 31 in the direction of the magnet system 40.
  • This magnet system 40 rotates about the axis 41.
  • the conductive particles 12, on the other hand, are prevented from passing through the magnet system 40.
  • the magnet system 40 thus builds up a kind of selective barrier on the transport device 30. This barrier runs parallel to the axis 41 of the magnet system 40.
  • the conductive particles 12 are not “just" stopped at this barrier, but a force is exerted against them against the transport direction of the upper strand 31. They move accordingly by a small amount on the upper strand 31 opposite to its transport direction.
  • This movement takes place only over a short distance section, because then the influence of the magnet system 40 on the particles 12 already decreases again.
  • This movement also contains a component perpendicular to the transport direction of the upper strand 31, since the pole wheel is, as mentioned, at an angle of 45 ° to the transport direction.
  • the conductive particles 12 of the sorting material 10 can pass and continue on the upper run 31 of the transport device 30.
  • the material to be sorted is thus separated into two fractions and can accordingly be collected via two suitably positioned removal devices 51 for the non-conductive particles 11 and 52 for the conductive particles 12 and used for further processing.
  • the axis 41 of the magnet system 40 can also be inclined to the horizontal, as well as the entire unit of magnetic system 40 and transport device 30 in order to additionally use gravity during the sorting process as a further acting force. This can be both longitudinal and transverse to the transport direction of the transport device 30 done. Of course, reasonable angles of ⁇ 15 ° should not be exceeded for sorting.
  • FIG. 2 is a modification of the embodiment FIG. 1 shown.
  • unsorted and mixed sorted material 10 is placed on top of a feed device 20 in a region 21 onto a transport device 30.
  • the transport device 30 is here again a conveyor belt with an upper run 31 and a lower run 32, which is spanned by two rollers 33 and 34 and moves from the feed area 21 in the direction of two pickup devices 51 and 52.
  • two parallel magnet systems 40 and 42 are provided, which have mutually parallel axes 41 and 43 respectively.
  • the first magnet system 40 which remains unchanged, is followed by a further, parallel magnet system 42.
  • This second magnet system 42 has a shorter in the longitudinal direction of its axis 43 pole. This can be used for subsequent sorting of the mass flow of the non-conductive material flow, that is, the flow of the non-conductive particles 11 in the edge region 35 of the upper strand 30.
  • the second magnet system 42 is now able to recognize further of these particles to be sorted as being conductive and in a similar form as the first magnet system 40 by multiple exertion of forces relative to the transport direction of the transport device 30 to the other side of the upper run 31, ie to the edge region 37 to lead.
  • FIG. 3 a third embodiment is chosen, which gives a further example of how the inventive concept can be used.
  • a very wide conveyor belt is selected as a transport device 30.
  • two feed devices 20 are provided for material 10, which dispense material in each case in the edge regions 35 and 37 of the conveyor belt on the upper strand 31.
  • this central region 35 of the conveyor belt of the transport device 30 so the concentrate streams from the two conductive particle quantities 11 are combined and discharged on the conveyor belt on.
  • the operating parameters were: Belt speed: 0.5 m / s Polradwindiere: 1000 min -1 Angle of the pole wheel: 45 ° Length of the band: 2 m Width of the band: 1 m Position of the pole wheel: first third of the conveyor belt after the task.
  • the operating parameters were: Belt speed: 0.5 m / s Polradwindiere: 2500 min -1 Angle of the pole wheel: 45 ° Length of the band: 2 m Width of the band: 1 m Position of the pole wheel: first third of the conveyor belt after the task.
  • the operating parameters were: Belt speed: 0.5 m / s Polradwindiere: 2500 min -1 Angle of the pole wheel: 45 ° Length of the band: 2 m Width of the band: 1 m Position of the pole wheel: first third of the conveyor belt after the task.
  • Example 3 a coarse aluminum-plastic mixture from the DSD collection with a broad particle size distribution between 4 and 20 mm was used.
  • the throughput in this case was 120 kg / h.
  • an aluminum concentrate with 98.1% aluminum resulted.
  • the recyclable material is 74% as a result of adhesions and inclusions with plastic.
  • the operating parameters were: Belt speed: 0.5 m / s Polradwindiere: 1000 min -1 Angle of the pole wheel: 45 ° Length of the band: 2 m Width of the band: 1 m Position of the pole wheel: first third of the conveyor belt after the task.
  • the operating parameters were: Belt speed: 0.5 m / s Polradwindiere: 1000 min -1 Angle of the pole wheel: 45 ° Length of the band: 2 m Width of the band: 1 m Position of the pole wheel: first third of the conveyor belt after the task.
  • the operating parameters were: Belt speed: 0.5 m / s Polradwindiere: 2800 min -1 Angle of the pole wheel: 45 ° Length of the band: 2 m Width of the band: 1 m Position of the pole wheel: first third of the conveyor belt after the task.

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  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
  • Non-Mechanical Conveyors (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Appareil de séparation de particules ayant des conductibilités électriques différentes dans un produit à trier (10), équipé d'un séparateur à courants de Foucault avec un système magnétique rotatif (40) ayant un axe de rotation (41),
    et d'un système de transport (30) sur lequel le produit à trier (10) composé de particules à conductibilités électriques différentes (11, 12) traverse dans un sens de transport un champ magnétique formé par le système magnétique (40),
    caractérisé
    en ce que l'axe de rotation (41) du système magnétique (40) forme par rapport au sens de transport du système de transport (30) un angle supérieur à 40° et inférieur à 50°, et
    en ce que le sens de rotation du système magnétique (40) autour de son axe de rotation (41) est choisi de manière que les particules du produit à trier (10) exposées au champ magnétique subissent une impulsion motrice à l'opposé du sens de transport du système de transport (30).
  2. Appareil selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé
    en ce que l'angle entre l'axe de rotation (41) du système magnétique (40) et le sens de transport du système de transport (30) est de 45°.
  3. Appareil selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé
    en ce que le système de transport (30) comprend une bande de transport pourvue d'un brin supérieur (31) et d'un brin inférieur (32), et
    en ce que le système magnétique (40) est disposé entre le brin supérieur (31) et le brin inférieur (32).
  4. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé
    en ce que le système magnétique (40) comprend un ou plusieurs rotors et
    en ce que la rotation des rotors du système magnétique (40) a lieu en particulier de sorte que le mouvement de la surface des rotors au voisinage du produit à trier ait lieu à l'opposé du sens de transport du système de transport (30).
  5. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé
    en ce que l'appareil comprend d'autres systèmes magnétiques (42) qui sont disposés en dessous des mêmes systèmes de transport (30), en particulier entre le brin supérieur (31) et le brin inférieur (32) de la même bande de transport.
  6. Appareil selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé
    en ce que le ou les autres systèmes magnétiques (42) possèdent des axes de rotation (43) qui sont disposés parallèlement au premier axe de rotation (41) du premier système magnétique (40) et
    en ce que l'étendue des autres systèmes magnétiques (42) dans la direction longitudinale est plus courte et laisse libre une zone du système de transport.
  7. Appareil selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé
    en ce que deux systèmes magnétiques (40, 42) sont disposés l'un près de l'autre de sorte que leurs axes de rotation (41, 43) se coupent,
    en ce que le point d'intersection des deux axes de rotation (41, 43) est situé en dessous, à l'intérieur ou au-dessus du système de transport (30) et entre les deux bords longitudinaux du système de transport (30), et
    en ce qu'il est prévu un écart entre les extrémités des axes de rotation (41, 43) de sorte que le point d'intersection soit virtuel.
  8. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé
    en ce que le système de transport (30) et le ou les systèmes magnétiques (40, 42) présentent une inclinaison jusqu'à 15° par rapport à l'horizontale dans le sens de transport du système de transport (30) ou transversalement au sens de transport.
  9. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé
    en ce que la zone de sortie (21) du produit à trier (10) sur le système de transport (30) est située uniquement sur un côté (35) du système de transport.
  10. Procédé de séparation de particules ayant des conductibilités électriques différentes, équipé d'un séparateur à courants de Foucault avec un système magnétique rotatif (40) ayant un axe de rotation (41),
    dans lequel le produit à trier (10) composé de particules à conductibilités électriques différentes (11, 12) est guidé par le biais du système magnétique (40),
    caractérisé
    en ce que l'axe de rotation (41) du système magnétique (40) forme par rapport au sens de transport du produit à trier (10) un angle supérieur à 40° et inférieur à 50°, et
    en ce que le sens de rotation du système magnétique (40) autour de son axe de rotation (41) est choisi de manière que les particules du produit à trier (10) exposées au champ magnétique subissent une impulsion motrice à l'opposé du sens de transport du système de transport (30).
  11. Procédé de séparation de particules ayant des conductibilités électriques différentes selon la revendication 10,
    caractérisé
    en ce que l'axe de rotation (41) du système magnétique (40) forme un angle de 45° par rapport au sens de transport du produit à trier (10).
EP10785440.8A 2009-12-04 2010-12-06 Appareil et méthode de séparation de particules avec différentes conductivités électriques Active EP2506978B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL10785440T PL2506978T3 (pl) 2009-12-04 2010-12-06 Urządzenie i sposób rozdzielania cząstek o różnej przewodności elektrycznej
SI201030803T SI2506978T1 (sl) 2009-12-04 2010-12-06 Naprava in postopek za loäśevanje delcev z razliäśno elektriäśno prevodnostjo

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009056717A DE102009056717A1 (de) 2009-12-04 2009-12-04 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Trennung von unterschiedlich elektrisch leitfähigen Partikeln
PCT/EP2010/068933 WO2011067402A1 (fr) 2009-12-04 2010-12-06 Dispositif et procédé de séparation de particules ayant des conductibilités électriques différentes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2506978A1 EP2506978A1 (fr) 2012-10-10
EP2506978B1 true EP2506978B1 (fr) 2014-08-27

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EP (1) EP2506978B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102009056717A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK2506978T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2522090T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL2506978T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT2506978E (fr)
SI (1) SI2506978T1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011067402A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

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DE202016103266U1 (de) 2016-06-21 2016-08-02 Sebastian Anton Schley Vorrichtung zur Trennung von Partikeln unterschiedlicher elektrischer Leitfähigkeit in einem inhomogenen Sortiergut
CN109433414A (zh) * 2018-12-20 2019-03-08 清华苏州环境创新研究院 涡电流分选机装置
CN110548593A (zh) * 2019-10-03 2019-12-10 丁先虎 一种铁矿尾砂分离组件

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DE102010036267A1 (de) * 2010-09-03 2012-03-08 Alexander Koslow Trennverfahren und -vorrichtung für NE-Metalle
DE102012017460A1 (de) * 2012-09-04 2014-03-06 Hans Boffo Wirbelstromscheider mit rotierenden Permanentmagnetscheiben
JP6625560B2 (ja) * 2014-05-08 2019-12-25 レイトラム，エル．エル．シー． コンベヤ用非接触型ガイド装置
AT520710B1 (de) 2017-11-24 2022-07-15 Ife Aufbereitungstechnik Gmbh Magnetscheider
CN109174448A (zh) * 2018-09-06 2019-01-11 攀枝花市长森磁电科技有限公司 一种动能式磁选系统

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202016103266U1 (de) 2016-06-21 2016-08-02 Sebastian Anton Schley Vorrichtung zur Trennung von Partikeln unterschiedlicher elektrischer Leitfähigkeit in einem inhomogenen Sortiergut
EP3260203A1 (fr) 2016-06-21 2017-12-27 Sebastian Anton Schley Dispositif de séparation de particules présentant différentes conductibilités électriques dans un produit de tri hétérogène
CN109433414A (zh) * 2018-12-20 2019-03-08 清华苏州环境创新研究院 涡电流分选机装置
CN109433414B (zh) * 2018-12-20 2020-04-07 清华苏州环境创新研究院 涡电流分选机装置
CN110548593A (zh) * 2019-10-03 2019-12-10 丁先虎 一种铁矿尾砂分离组件
CN110548593B (zh) * 2019-10-03 2020-12-08 六安永贞匠道机电科技有限公司 一种铁矿尾砂分离组件

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EP2506978A1 (fr) 2012-10-10
ES2522090T3 (es) 2014-11-13
DE102009056717A1 (de) 2011-06-09
DK2506978T3 (da) 2014-10-20
SI2506978T1 (sl) 2015-04-30
PL2506978T3 (pl) 2015-03-31
WO2011067402A1 (fr) 2011-06-09
PT2506978E (pt) 2014-12-05

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