EP3260203A1 - Dispositif de séparation de particules présentant différentes conductibilités électriques dans un produit de tri hétérogène - Google Patents

Dispositif de séparation de particules présentant différentes conductibilités électriques dans un produit de tri hétérogène Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3260203A1
EP3260203A1 EP17173911.3A EP17173911A EP3260203A1 EP 3260203 A1 EP3260203 A1 EP 3260203A1 EP 17173911 A EP17173911 A EP 17173911A EP 3260203 A1 EP3260203 A1 EP 3260203A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnetic
rotationally symmetrical
magnetic device
rotation
axis
Prior art date
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EP17173911.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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Sebastian Anton Schley
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/23Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp
    • B03C1/24Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp with material carried by travelling fields
    • B03C1/247Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp with material carried by travelling fields obtained by a rotating magnetic drum
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/025High gradient magnetic separators
    • B03C1/031Component parts; Auxiliary operations
    • B03C1/033Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit
    • B03C1/0332Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit using permanent magnets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/20Magnetic separation of bulk or dry particles in mixtures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for separating particles of different electrical conductivity in an inhomogeneous sorting material by means of deflection by an alternating magnetic field, which is induced by a rotationally symmetrical magnetic device, wherein the sorted material is guided through the magnetic field.
  • a non-ferromagnetic metallic element In an eddy current separation, a non-ferromagnetic metallic element is moved along magnetic field lines through a magnetic field. By the law of induction, a voltage is induced in the metal body - and so-called eddy currents are formed. In turn, these eddy currents cause a magnetic field that surrounds the metal body (Biot-Savart's Law). If the magnetic field thus generated encounters a magnetic field which has an opposite direction, the particle is repelled. In the case of eddy current separation, magnetic fields generate permanently changing magnetic fields and thus a force acting on non-ferromagnetic particles. This force is large enough to accelerate the particles to separate them from other materials.
  • This separation occurs mainly by ejecting the non-ferromagnetic metals in the same direction in which the material to be separated moves.
  • the method is used in EP 0 898 496 B1 and WO 97/44137 A1 ,
  • EP 2 506 978 B1 Another approach to divert the non-ferrous metals to be separated at an angle opposite to the conveying movement and thus to achieve a horizontal separation is the EP 2 506 978 B1 refer to.
  • a pole wheel is arranged at 45 ° to the belt movement, particles can be deflected horizontally according to their conductivity and either discharged from the conveyor belt or separated at the end.
  • the machine achieves good results compared to other eddy current separators, especially in the area of small particles.
  • the oblique magnet roller results in a very long machine design, which makes integration into existing processes and systems difficult. Further, multiple roll systems can be constructed to an acceptable length to increase throughput, degree of separation, or selectivity.
  • sorting processes are necessary which offer a high degree of selectivity and allow the greatest possible output.
  • waste streams can not be separated, often considerable financial value is lost and, on the other hand, part of a raw material obtained using energy, which i.a. greenhouse gas emissions, rendered unusable, which would be of great environmental concern.
  • the invention is intended to build on and provide a device for the separation of particles of different electrical conductivity in an inhomogeneous sorting material with improved selectivity, structural integrity and throughput.
  • the device according to the invention for the separation of particles of different electrical conductivity in an inhomogeneous sorting material therefore comprises a transport device with a top and a bottom, which transports the sorted material on the top in a first direction and at least one rotationally symmetrical magnetic device adjacent to the underside of the transport device in a Distance between 0.1 and 5 mm is arranged such that a magnetic field generated by the magnetic field interacts with the sorting material on the top of the transport device, wherein the rotationally symmetrical magnetic device has an axis of rotation and the axis of rotation of the rotationally symmetrical magnetic device at an angle of 80 ° to 90 Is arranged relative to the first direction and wherein on the lateral surface of the rotationally symmetrical magnetic device magnetic poles helical are arranged and the helix of the magnetic poles at an angle of 40 ° to 50 ° relative to the axis of rotation winds around the lateral surface, and suitable to move upon rotation of the rotationally symmetrical magnetic device portions of the sorted on the top of the
  • the helix of the magnetic poles winds at an angle of 45 ° relative to the axis of rotation about the lateral surface.
  • the surface roughness of the transport device is chosen so small that even a small, exerted by the magnetic device on a particle magnetic force is sufficient to move the particles no longer in the first direction.
  • the magnetic device consists of a neodymium-iron-boron alloy.
  • the diameter of the magnetic device is between 10 cm and 50 cm.
  • the length of the rotationally symmetrical magnetic device is between 20cm and 120cm, more preferably between 20cm and 100cm.
  • the magnetic field exerted by the rotationally symmetrical magnetic device has a strength between 0.5 and 1.3 T.
  • the speed of the transport device is in a range between 0.5 m / s to 1 m / s.
  • the rotational speed of the magnetic device is in a range between 2000rpm to 5000rpm, more preferably between 3500rpm to 5000rpm.
  • the rotationally symmetrical magnetic device 8 to 32 is formed pole.
  • the magnetic poles of the rotationally symmetrical magnetic device are arranged as two oppositely extending helices.
  • a non-magnetic spacer is arranged in the middle of the axis of rotation of the rotationally symmetrical magnetic device along the circumference.
  • the device according to the invention comprises at least two rotationally symmetrical magnetic devices arranged adjacent to the underside of the transport device, which are arranged in the first direction at a distance of between 5 and 10 cm.
  • the transport device is arranged by means of guide rollers along a circular segment of a cross section of the rotationally symmetrical magnetic device.
  • the rotationally symmetrical magnetic device is cylindrical.
  • the rotationally symmetrical magnetic device is conical.
  • a further particularly advantageous embodiment further comprises at least one rotationally symmetrical magnetic device, which adjacent to the top of the transport device at a distance between 5 and 15 mm from the sorted such it is arranged that a magnetic field generated by the magnetic device arranged adjacent to the upper side of the transport device interacts with the sorting material on the upper side of the transport device.
  • Another embodiment of the invention relates to a device for separating particles of different electrical conductivity in an inhomogeneous sorting material
  • a device for separating particles of different electrical conductivity in an inhomogeneous sorting material comprising an output device for outputting sorting material in a sorting material flow such that the sorting material moves in free fall in a direction of fall from top to bottom and at least one rotationally symmetrical Magnetic device having an axis of rotation, which is arranged in the sorting material flow such that the axis of rotation of the rotationally symmetrical magnetic device extends away from the direction of the sorting material so that a magnetic field generated by the magnetic device interacts with the sorting material, arranged on the lateral surface of the rotationally symmetrical magnetic device magnetic poles helical are and the helix of the magnetic poles at an angle of 40 ° to 50 ° relative to the axis of rotation winds around the lateral surface, and suitable to rotate the rotationally symmetrical Magnetic device (3) to convey portions of the sorted from the sorting material to
  • the axis of rotation of the rotationally symmetrical magnetic device extends at an angle in the range of 10 ° to 30 ° away from the falling direction of the sorted material.
  • FIG. 1 shows a special embodiment of a device 1 for the separation of particles of different electrical conductivity in an inhomogeneous sorting material.
  • the device 1 contains a transport device 2 with an upper side and a lower side, which transports the sorting material on the upper side in a first direction.
  • the transport device 1 may be, for example, a conveyor belt made of rubber, a textile fabric or combinations thereof.
  • Adjacent to the underside of the transport device 2, at least one rotationally symmetrical magnetic device 3 is arranged at a distance between 0.1 and 5 mm such that a magnetic field generated by the magnetic device interacts with the sorted material on the upper side of the transport device.
  • the rotationally symmetrical magnetic device 2 has an axis of rotation 4 and the axis of rotation of the rotationally symmetrical magnetic device 2 is arranged at an angle of 80 ° to 90 °, ie substantially perpendicular relative to the first direction (the transport direction of the sorting material).
  • a particle in the material to be sorted undergoes an oblique deflection at an angle of approximately 45 ° opposite to the transport direction.
  • the angle of the magnetohelix is 45 °.
  • the conveyor belt differs in the inventive device of conventional conveyor belts, since the balance between deflection and friction is crucial to the sorting quality.
  • the transport device has a very low surface roughness so as to keep the expended force of the Wirbelstromscheiders as low as possible. The surface roughness is chosen so that the particles are barely caught by the conveyor belt. A minimal force on the particle against the transport direction thus leads to the fact that the particle is not carried.
  • particles are either loaded with a particle acceleration in the same direction at 90.degree.
  • the device according to the invention combines both the good sorting qualities of small particles of an inclined magnet roller with the structural advantages of a magnetic device installed at 90 ° to the task direction.
  • the effective range of the eddy currents and the deflection direction of the sorted material differ.
  • EP 2 506 978 B1 corresponds to the effective range of the eddy currents equal to the repulsive forces - ie 45 °.
  • the device according to the invention allows repulsion forces in the 45 ° angle opposite to the transport direction at a range of effect of the eddy currents at 90 ° to the transport direction.
  • the non-ferromagnetic metals undergo a deflection at an angle of 45 ° due to the deflecting forces and are carried out of the area of influence of the magnetic device in the direction opposite to the transport direction, caught by the conveyor belt and again reach the area of influence of the magnetic device, again experiencing a deflecting force.
  • the particles perform this movement until they leave the flow of material and are either carried along due to the frictional forces of the conveyor belt or reach the end of the magnetic device.
  • the sorted material which is not magnetized due to its physical properties, continues to run without deflection and leaves the conveyor belt at the same position where it was placed.
  • the deflected particles perform a sort of wave motion, similar to a sinusoid, during sorting.
  • This impulsive deflection leads to the fact that light material composites can be opened up and the spreading is increased.
  • the impulsive concern of the magnetic field causes the so-open material composites to re-undergo the sorting process upon reentering the alternating magnetic field, the particles to be sorted each undergo a sorting by conductivity upon each entry into the magnetic field.
  • the particles that have been split off from a composite material experience no further distraction and continue to run on the conveyor belt.
  • the device according to the invention also called helical vortex flow separator, allows the separation of non-ferromagnetic particles from a process stream at a substantially vertical angle (about 80 ° to 90 °) to the transport direction. This creates an interaction between friction force on the conveyor belt and generated by eddy currents particle acceleration.
  • the material is permanently loosened and discharged the non-ferromagnetic metals.
  • the rotationally symmetrical magnetic device 2 can be operated at low speeds and for the separation of small particles, the rotationally symmetrical magnetic device 2 can be operated at high speeds.
  • Fig. 2 Due to the construction of the device according to the invention, as in Fig. 2 illustrated, it is possible to arrange further rotationally symmetrical magnetic devices in a row while still a small overall length can be ensured.
  • several magnetic rollers for example 2 or 3, can be connected in parallel one behind the other.
  • Fig. 1 shows an example of an embodiment of a device for the separation of particles of different electrical conductivity with a magnetic device and a deposition direction.
  • the material to be sorted is placed on the right, upper edge 6 of the representation and is deflected by means of the eddy currents at an angle of 90 ° downwards.
  • the conveyor belt ends behind the / the magnetic devices. That is, the material is deflected until it reaches the end of the eddy current field.
  • the electrically conductive non-ferrous metals leave the conveyor belt at the bottom right end 7 of the graph.
  • the sorted material that can not be magnetized leaves the conveyor at the level of the task.
  • a device with only one magnetic device magnet roller
  • the magnetic device can rotate at up to 5000 U / min.
  • the diameter of a particular embodiment of the magnetic device may, for example, be 40 cm over a length of 80 cm.
  • the belt speed of a special embodiment of the device according to the invention can be 0.5 to 1 m / s, depending on the material to be sorted.
  • the particle size, conductivity and possibly shape of the material can be sorted.
  • an increased throughput can also be achieved, for example with a magnetic device 2 in which two opposite magnethelices are installed.
  • FIG. 2 shows a device according to the invention with two opposite magnethelices and three magnetic devices.
  • the feed material is abandoned at the outer ends 8 of the conveyor belt - in the graphic top and bottom.
  • the non-ferromagnetic metals are carried to the center of the conveyor belt, where they leave the conveyor belt as a bundled stream.
  • a non-magnetic spacer can be integrated in the middle of the axis of rotation of the rotationally symmetrical magnetic device along the circumference. Even with a device with opposite helices systems with fewer magnetic devices are possible depending on the sorting material.
  • the 8 to 32-pole magnetic device in a sorting, for example, can rotate at up to 5000 rpm.
  • the diameter of a particular embodiment of the magnetic device may be 40 cm over a length of 120 cm.
  • the belt speed can be in a special embodiment of the magnetic device - depending on the sorting material - 0.5 to 1 m / s.
  • the influence range of the magnetic field in which the transporting device 2 is guided around a part of the magnetic device can be extended.
  • the transport device 2 can be arranged by means of guide rollers 5 along a circular segment of a cross section of the rotationally symmetrical magnetic device 3.
  • a conveyor belt passes over the magnetic device and affects the particles on only a small strip of about 5 centimeters.
  • the influence region is extended by the length over which the strip passes the magnetic device.
  • the force that has to be exerted by the magnetic device on the particles in order to push them back against the transport direction is reduced.
  • the magnetic device can be raised so far that a quarter of the circumference of the magnetic device can have a distracting effect on the feed material. This increases the magnetic field of influence of a magnetic device with, for example, a diameter of 40 cm more than a 6-fold.
  • the magnetic device 3 may be in addition to a change in the number of poles or the Overall diameter even by changing the magnetic device to achieve changes in the sorting behavior.
  • the magnetic field length decreases, the magnetic field strength becomes weaker and the frequency of magnetic field changes increases. This causes small and poorly magnetizable particles to be deflected, while larger and hard-to-magnetize particles no longer experience enough repulsion forces and travel across the magnetic device.
  • At least one rotationally symmetrical magnetic device 3 is arranged adjacent to the underside of the transport device 2 at a distance between 0.1 and 5 mm such that a magnetic field generated by the magnetic device interacts with the sorted material on the top of the transport device, wherein the rotationally symmetrical magnetic device 3 has an axis of rotation 4 and the axis of rotation of the rotationally symmetrical magnetic device is arranged at an angle of 80 ° to 90 ° relative to the first direction.
  • the axis of rotation of the magnetic device 3 lies in a plane parallel to the surface of the transport device 2, so that the rejected sorted material is also ejected in a plane which lies substantially parallel to the surface of the transport device.
  • the magnetic device 3 may also be arranged so that the axis of rotation of the rotationally symmetrical Magnetic device 3 extends away from the falling direction of the sorted material, so that a magnetic field generated by the magnetic device with the sorted interacts.
  • the axis of rotation of the magnetic device 2 extends at an angle of 10 ° to 30 ° with respect to the falling direction of the sorting material.
  • the intended deflection of the particles takes place exclusively by magnetic field lines which are directed out of the magnetic device or into it - ie 90 ° in the vertical direction to the transport device 2.
  • Fig. 4 at least one further magnetic device 9 is mounted above the transport device 2.
  • the axis of rotation 4 is in the longitudinal direction at the same height as that of the magnetic device 3 under the transport device 2, however, the upper magnetic device 9 is rotated by the length of a pole such that always opposite to the lower magnetic device 3 opposite magnetic field poles.
  • the rotationally symmetrical magnetic device 9, which is mounted adjacent to the top of the transport device 2, in this case preferably have a distance between 5 and 15 mm from the transported sorted, so that one of the adjacent to the top of the transport device arranged magnetic device 9 generated magnetic field with the sorted the top of the transport device interacts.
  • the two magnetic devices 3, 9 are connected to each other according to a preferred embodiment, for example by a shaft or by a chain or belt or gear, to ensure that always face each other in a movement north and south pole.

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  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
EP17173911.3A 2016-06-21 2017-06-01 Dispositif de séparation de particules présentant différentes conductibilités électriques dans un produit de tri hétérogène Withdrawn EP3260203A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202016103266.0U DE202016103266U1 (de) 2016-06-21 2016-06-21 Vorrichtung zur Trennung von Partikeln unterschiedlicher elektrischer Leitfähigkeit in einem inhomogenen Sortiergut

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EP3260203A1 true EP3260203A1 (fr) 2017-12-27

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3070131A1 (fr) * 2017-08-17 2019-02-22 Universite D'angers Machine de tri de pieces ferromagnetiques et non-ferromagnetiques

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB401301A (en) * 1932-04-04 1933-11-06 Herbert Klinger Improvements in and relating to the process of separating materials of different magnetic permeability, and to the apparatus therefor
JPS55149654A (en) * 1979-05-09 1980-11-21 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Rotary alternating field generator for transfer of magnetic powder
SU961784A1 (ru) * 1980-07-18 1982-09-30 Днепропетровский Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Горный Институт Им.Артема Электродинамический сепаратор
DE4317640A1 (de) 1993-05-27 1994-12-08 Nsm Magnettechnik Gmbh Einrichtung zur Lagebeeinflussung von Teilen aus elektrisch leitenden, nicht-ferromagnetischen Materialien, insbesondere zum Transportieren und/oder Sortieren von solchen Teilen
DE4323932C1 (de) 1993-07-16 1995-02-02 Steinert Gmbh Elektromagnetbau Magnetsystem zur Teilchenseparation
WO1997044137A1 (fr) 1996-05-17 1997-11-27 Hubertus Exner Procede et dispositif de separation de particules avec un systeme magnetique rotatif
DE19737161A1 (de) 1997-08-26 1999-04-22 Hamos Gmbh Recycling Und Separ Verfahren, Anlage und Vorrichtungen zum trockenen Abtrennen von Metallen aus zerkleinerten Schüttgütern, insbesondere Schrottgemischen
DE19838170A1 (de) * 1998-08-21 2000-03-02 Meier Staude Robert Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Wirbelstromscheidung von Materialgemischen in Teilchenform
US6412643B1 (en) * 2001-02-21 2002-07-02 Robert T. Wysolmierski Ferrous particle magnetic removal and collection apparatus
EP1054737B1 (fr) 1998-02-09 2002-11-13 Hubertus Exner Procede et dispositif pour separer des particules a conductions electriques differentes
EP2289628A1 (fr) * 2009-08-27 2011-03-02 Lux Magnet Séparateur magnétique à courant de foucault avec zone d'interaction et trajectoire optimisées des particules
US20130264248A1 (en) * 2010-12-08 2013-10-10 Smolkin Michael Apparatus and method for magnetic separation
EP2506978B1 (fr) 2009-12-04 2014-08-27 Hubertus Exner Appareil et méthode de séparation de particules avec différentes conductivités électriques

Patent Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB401301A (en) * 1932-04-04 1933-11-06 Herbert Klinger Improvements in and relating to the process of separating materials of different magnetic permeability, and to the apparatus therefor
JPS55149654A (en) * 1979-05-09 1980-11-21 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Rotary alternating field generator for transfer of magnetic powder
SU961784A1 (ru) * 1980-07-18 1982-09-30 Днепропетровский Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Горный Институт Им.Артема Электродинамический сепаратор
DE4317640A1 (de) 1993-05-27 1994-12-08 Nsm Magnettechnik Gmbh Einrichtung zur Lagebeeinflussung von Teilen aus elektrisch leitenden, nicht-ferromagnetischen Materialien, insbesondere zum Transportieren und/oder Sortieren von solchen Teilen
DE4323932C1 (de) 1993-07-16 1995-02-02 Steinert Gmbh Elektromagnetbau Magnetsystem zur Teilchenseparation
EP0898496B1 (fr) 1996-05-17 2002-05-02 Hubertus Exner Procede et dispositif de separation de particules avec un systeme magnetique rotatif
WO1997044137A1 (fr) 1996-05-17 1997-11-27 Hubertus Exner Procede et dispositif de separation de particules avec un systeme magnetique rotatif
DE19737161A1 (de) 1997-08-26 1999-04-22 Hamos Gmbh Recycling Und Separ Verfahren, Anlage und Vorrichtungen zum trockenen Abtrennen von Metallen aus zerkleinerten Schüttgütern, insbesondere Schrottgemischen
EP1054737B1 (fr) 1998-02-09 2002-11-13 Hubertus Exner Procede et dispositif pour separer des particules a conductions electriques differentes
DE19838170A1 (de) * 1998-08-21 2000-03-02 Meier Staude Robert Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Wirbelstromscheidung von Materialgemischen in Teilchenform
US6412643B1 (en) * 2001-02-21 2002-07-02 Robert T. Wysolmierski Ferrous particle magnetic removal and collection apparatus
EP2289628A1 (fr) * 2009-08-27 2011-03-02 Lux Magnet Séparateur magnétique à courant de foucault avec zone d'interaction et trajectoire optimisées des particules
EP2506978B1 (fr) 2009-12-04 2014-08-27 Hubertus Exner Appareil et méthode de séparation de particules avec différentes conductivités électriques
US20130264248A1 (en) * 2010-12-08 2013-10-10 Smolkin Michael Apparatus and method for magnetic separation

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