EP2490835A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour façonner des pièces planes - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour façonner des pièces planes

Info

Publication number
EP2490835A1
EP2490835A1 EP11804921A EP11804921A EP2490835A1 EP 2490835 A1 EP2490835 A1 EP 2490835A1 EP 11804921 A EP11804921 A EP 11804921A EP 11804921 A EP11804921 A EP 11804921A EP 2490835 A1 EP2490835 A1 EP 2490835A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
embossing
folding
workpiece
raffsicken
tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11804921A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Walter Hommel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GIW Verwaltungs- und Vertriebs GmbH
Original Assignee
GIW Verwaltungs- und Vertriebs GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GIW Verwaltungs- und Vertriebs GmbH filed Critical GIW Verwaltungs- und Vertriebs GmbH
Publication of EP2490835A1 publication Critical patent/EP2490835A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/88—Making other particular articles other parts for vehicles, e.g. cowlings, mudguards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D17/00—Forming single grooves in sheet metal or tubular or hollow articles
    • B21D17/02—Forming single grooves in sheet metal or tubular or hollow articles by pressing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D19/00—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes
    • B21D19/08—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes by single or successive action of pressing tools, e.g. vice jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D19/00—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes
    • B21D19/08—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes by single or successive action of pressing tools, e.g. vice jaws
    • B21D19/082—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes by single or successive action of pressing tools, e.g. vice jaws for making negative angles
    • B21D19/084—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes by single or successive action of pressing tools, e.g. vice jaws for making negative angles with linear cams, e.g. aerial cams

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for forming flat workpieces, in particular for molding and folding of sheet metal parts, preferably of external parts in the bodywork, wherein the workpiece when folding compressive stresses and / or tensile stresses are mediated.
  • the invention relates to a corresponding device which uses the method according to the invention.
  • this is about the forming or forming / deformation of workpieces, in particular the deep drawing of sheets.
  • Body components are usually formed from sheet metal.
  • the basic shape of such body parts is regularly produced by a drawing process.
  • the actual drawing process is followed by further work steps in which the so-called drawing edge is cut off and the part shape is finished.
  • the function and connection of the finished part to other body parts specify the effort to be operated. So it is usually necessary that a board must be folded after the actual shaping.
  • outer panels such as bonnets, doors or tailgates is made by folding an intermediate form, which is further formed later. More specifically, the outer panel is mortared or roll-folded against the inner panel.
  • the bent board serves as a welding or riveting flange for connecting the respective sheet metal parts in the body.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 show the example of a bonnet the respectively required sequence of operations with reference to a simplified sectional representation.
  • Figures 1 to 3 relate to a principle section on a hood and show the required sequence of operations.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic plan view of a hood.
  • CONFIRMATION COPY Figure 2 shows a simplified sectional view of the section AA through the hood in the connection area to the fender.
  • the outer panel is connected to the inner panel via a flanging flange.
  • FIG. 3 shows the production steps to be carried out on the outer panel for producing the flanging flange. After the actual drawing, the outer panel is trimmed. There is a folding. After bending, pre-flanging and finally finish flanging up to the flare flange.
  • Figures 4 and 5 relate to a principle section through a side wall in the connection to the bumper and show the required sequence of operations.
  • Figures 4 and 5 show a simplified sectional view of a side wall in the connection to the bumper and the required sequence of operations for generating the fold, which serves for welding to the inner panel. After pulling, the outer panel or sidewall is trimmed. This is followed by the fold at which the side wall is welded to the inner panel.
  • body parts are three-dimensionally shaped and therefore have correspondingly shaped or curved connection boards. This is the figures 6, 7 and 9 to 10 can be removed. When folding the board is stretched or compressed, as shown in detail in the aforementioned figures.
  • the bent edge of the component can be curved.
  • FIGS. 6 to 11 For the problem basically occurring during bending, reference is made to FIGS. 6 to 11. In detail the following:
  • the sheet is subjected to pressure in the board.
  • the board is compressed. There are considerable compressive stresses.
  • a positive bending line can result from a positive component curvature or a positively curved component edge. After moving apart of the tool, the sheet springs back by the elastic amount and there is a so-called spring-back. This can be seen in detail in the illustrations from FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • FIG. 8 shows the folding of a positively curved component edge, according to which the edge of the cut-out edge of the component is longer than the bending line.
  • Figures 9 and 10 relate to the springback of the material during bending due to tensile stresses. If the sheet is formed by a negatively curved bending line during bending, a tensile load is created in the board. The board is stretched, resulting in tensile stresses in the board. A negative bending line can result from a negative component crumple or a negatively curved component edge. After moving apart of the tool, the sheet springs back by the elastic amount of deformation. It creates a so-called deflection.
  • FIG. 11 shows the folding of a negatively curved component edge, according to which the edge of the cut edge of the board is shorter than the bending line.
  • the free bending shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 is suitable for relatively straight folds in which the expansion or compression is small.
  • the free folding in parts with stiff geometry is conceivable, namely, namely, the component is so stiff in itself that the stresses in the board hardly lead to deformation.
  • no Vorhaltede are required. This is - as far as the free bending possible - of particular advantage.
  • the disadvantage is that the free folding is only applicable if compressive or tensile stresses are extremely low and / or if the component has a sufficient rigidity.
  • the folding over arched shape according to Figures 14 and 15 is a further measure to compensate for and avoid springback, in which case the part form as far as arc and biased it is that after the compression or compression a dimensionally stable part is obtained.
  • the degree of deflection or deflection must be determined precisely in advance, for example by complex calculation or simulation. This applies both to the positive partial form shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 and to negative partial forms which are not described in more detail here.
  • the bending over-arched shape has the disadvantage that the correct Vorforceeterrorisme are complex and difficult to determine. Usually, despite repeated simulation, several manual correction loops are required on the tool. A bending with waves from the pulling is used when the board is stretched during bending, namely at negative curvature of the component surface and / or the component edge. As shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, during the pulling operation, shafts are formed in the board area. This leads to an elongation of the material in this area. The additional material length thus produced is available when folding. By this measure, an elongation can be completely compensated. This is an advantage. The disadvantage, however, is that the board holds a strong mark, causing the board is wavy. In addition, a considerable effort in the incorporation of the tools.
  • the folding with a preform is used for compression and expansion in the board.
  • the board is drawn to a large extent on a stamp, then cropped and then folded. The stresses during bending can be reduced considerably.
  • the board after folding regularly has a circumferential constriction and thus marking in the region of the bending radius.
  • FIGS. 18 and 19 show this method and the problem associated therewith.
  • Figures 20 and 21 relate to controlled forming with blank holder, after which the laid board is formed in an additional drawing operation with a sheet holder controlled. During this forming, the microstructure of the sheet is regularly changed by work hardening, whereby the jumping size is considerably reduced.
  • This method is mainly used for compression.
  • a disadvantage is the tooling complexity, whereby the process is expensive.
  • the onboard end tends to spring something, resulting in another disadvantage of this method.
  • Figures 22, 23 and 24 relate to the folding with an interrupted Abkantline, after which the board when folding one or more beads is impressed on the board height / are.
  • the beads "consume” excess material and serve to stiffen the board, but they reduce the jumping distance.
  • This method is usually used for upsetting in the board.
  • a disadvantage of this method is the fact that not infrequently surface defects occur as a result of bead embossing, and surface defects on or in the Component surface. Therefore, this method is only suitable for use in interior parts in the body shop.
  • the invention has for its object to improve the methods known from practice.
  • a method for forming sheet-like workpieces, in particular for forming and folding of sheet metal parts should be specified, after which by simple means a Auft. Compression is avoided or compensated.
  • a corresponding device should be specified.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized by measures, according to which consumes excess material in compression areas of the workpiece and / or the material is elongated in Dehn Schemeen of the workpiece.
  • the "consumption" of the material in compression areas serves to eliminate, but at least to reduce, the compressive stresses which normally occur there in stretching areas, additional materal is required, which is provided by lengths of the sheet, namely to eliminate or at least increase tensile stresses to reduce.
  • a device which comprises a special bending tool, which is preferably adjustable. Measures can be implemented by the tool, according to which excess material of the workpiece can be consumed in compression areas and / or material of the workpiece can be elongated in expansion areas.
  • the provision of a so far adjustable tool is advantageous.
  • an elimination, but at least a compensation of deflection or rebound is realized. Different variants can be combined to a corresponding compensation. Above all, it is possible to realize compensation measures without interrupting punch and Abkantline when folding.
  • FIGS. 1 to 24 show the underlying problems and approaches known from practice
  • FIGS. 25 to 48 relate to embodiments of the teaching according to the invention, namely using the method according to the invention and using the device according to the invention. In concrete, the show
  • Fig. 25 to 31 a first variant of a method according to the invention under
  • FIGS. 44 to 46 show a further alternative embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 47 shows a further alternative embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 48 shows a further alternative embodiment of the invention
  • compression areas are compensated for vertical or approximately vertical bends.
  • the consumption of excess material takes place by applying Raffsicken, whereby a reduction / compensation of the compressive stresses is achieved.
  • Figure 25 shows a plan view and a side view, schematically, a car roof.
  • the laterally bent board has obtained a finished shape after folding and will not be deformed any further.
  • the component remains in the bending tool.
  • the bending bar is at this Zett Vietnamese in its bottom dead center.
  • the board is under compressive stress over its entire height.
  • shirring beads are formed in the lower region of the folded board, as shown clearly in FIGS. 26 to 28.
  • the beads consume the excess material.
  • the development of the beads not only consumes the excess sheet, but places the board partially under tension with sufficient number of beads and sufficient depth of form. The tensile stresses generated in this way can be compensate for the remaining compressive stresses, which results in another positive effect.
  • the tool design can be explained with Raffsicken stamping running through the bending bar.
  • the punches are driven by wedge drive.
  • the shaping punches for the Raffsicken run through the bending strip and form the beads only after the folding edge has run over the board. As a result, a uniform immersion of the bending bar is possible without interrupting the Abkantline.
  • the Raffsicken stamps are driven by a wedge drive.
  • the number as well as the shape depth of the beads depends on the board length and the deflection to be avoided.
  • the mold depth can be adjusted via a slider mechanism. It is also conceivable that individual Raffsicken-stamp activated or shut down, as needed. To minimize the training effort, the Raffsicken stamp can - vary as needed - in their depth of form, activate and / or shut down.
  • Figures 32 to 36 serve to discuss a second approach for Dehn Schemee at vertical or approximately vertical bends.
  • the required elongation of the material is done by embossing fields. As a result, a reduction or compensation of tensile stresses can be realized.
  • An interruption of the bending line is avoided according to Figures 32 to 36.
  • FIG. 32 shows the problem underlying the example of a bonnet.
  • the folded board at the rear of the hood (section P-P) is only a preform and is formed only when crimping or Rollfalzen against the inner panel finished.
  • section P-P The folded board at the rear of the hood
  • the sheet Due to the introduction of embossed fields, the sheet is - in the inventive manner - placed locally in the thickness direction under pressure. Material is displaced sideways, which leads to an elongation of the board. This counteracts the over-arching.
  • the embossing fields not only lengthen the sheet, but rather set the sheet under compressive stresses with a sufficient number of embossing fields and sufficient depth of form. These compressive stresses are suitable for compensating for the tensile stresses remaining in the upper region of the board. The necessary number of embossments and the embossing depth result from the board length and the springback to be compensated.
  • FIGS. 37 to 39 show a tool design with embossing dies running through the bending bar.
  • the drive is effected by wedge drive.
  • the bending bar is at bottom dead center.
  • the stamping dies for the embossing fields run through the bending strip and form the embossing fields only when the folding edge has crossed the board.
  • the wedge drive is a preferred drive.
  • the mold depth can be adjusted via a slider mechanism.
  • the dies can be varied in shape as required or - optionally - activated or shut down.
  • Figures 40 to 43 show another - alternative - tool design with embossing fields sitting on tunable inserts in the essay.
  • FIGS. 44 to 48 show a further approach of the teaching according to the invention, which is suitable for stretching areas with undercut shapes with slide tools.
  • the stretching and thus elongation of the material is done by embossing fields. It is possible to reduce or compensate for tensile stresses.
  • Figure 44 shows a basic illustration of a hood.
  • the laterally folded and reshaped with sliders connection flange is used for attachment to the inner panel of the hood.
  • Section V-V is shown in FIG.
  • embossing fields are introduced during finish-forming of the flange, as FIG. 46 clearly shows. Tensions are converted into compressive stresses. The introduction of the embossed fields in the tool has already been described two preceding variants.
  • Figures 47 and 48 show further advantageous embodiments, wherein in Figure 47, the basic slide structure is shown. A tunable embossing insert sits on the slider. Figure 47 is self-explanatory, so that further explanations are unnecessary.
  • FIG. 48 likewise shows a schematic slider construction, with the embossing insert sitting there on the filling slide.
  • embossing inserts directly into the slides, but without the possibility of a matching, namely in the absence of inserts and tuning plates in this case a simplified embodiment.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé pour façonner des pièces planes, notamment pour façonner et plier des pièces en tôle, de préférence des pièces externes de carrosserie, la pièce étant soumise à des contraintes de compression et/ou de traction lors du pliage. L'invention est caractérisée en ce que des mesures sont prises pour, dans des zones de compression, utiliser le matériau superflu de la pièce et/ou dans des zones de traction, étirer le matériau de la pièce. L'invention concerne un dispositif conçu en conséquence.
EP11804921A 2010-09-21 2011-07-26 Procédé et dispositif pour façonner des pièces planes Withdrawn EP2490835A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010045932 2010-09-21
DE201010048589 DE102010048589A1 (de) 2010-09-21 2010-10-18 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Formen flächiger Werkstücke
PCT/DE2011/001508 WO2012037914A1 (fr) 2010-09-21 2011-07-26 Procédé et dispositif pour façonner des pièces planes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2490835A1 true EP2490835A1 (fr) 2012-08-29

Family

ID=45769028

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11804921A Withdrawn EP2490835A1 (fr) 2010-09-21 2011-07-26 Procédé et dispositif pour façonner des pièces planes

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2490835A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102010048589A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012037914A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104428078B (zh) 2012-04-23 2017-09-26 蒂森克虏伯钢铁欧洲股份公司 弯曲复合板的方法以及经这种弯曲的复合板
CN108237168B (zh) * 2017-12-08 2023-05-23 西安飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 一种飞机凸弯边加强框零件橡皮囊成形方法
FR3078003B1 (fr) * 2018-02-20 2021-01-15 Psa Automobiles Sa Piece de structure soudee par des points de soudure a une autre piece de structure et comportant le long de la soudure des parties a rigidite variable

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US2235090A (en) * 1939-01-26 1941-03-18 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Method of forming range platform and back splasher structures
FR1119654A (fr) * 1950-05-23 1956-06-22 Perfectionnements apportés aux récipients en feuille métallique mince polyédriques, notamment parallélépipédiques, et aux procédés et appareils pour leur fabricaion
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102010048589A1 (de) 2012-03-22
WO2012037914A1 (fr) 2012-03-29

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