EP2487546B1 - High-performance bi-axial escapement, or HPBE - Google Patents

High-performance bi-axial escapement, or HPBE Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2487546B1
EP2487546B1 EP11405210.3A EP11405210A EP2487546B1 EP 2487546 B1 EP2487546 B1 EP 2487546B1 EP 11405210 A EP11405210 A EP 11405210A EP 2487546 B1 EP2487546 B1 EP 2487546B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
escapement
mobile
teeth
exhaust
wheel
Prior art date
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Application number
EP11405210.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2487546A1 (en
Inventor
François-Paul JOURNE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Montres Journe SA
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Montres Journe SA
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Publication date
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Priority to EP11405210.3A priority Critical patent/EP2487546B1/en
Priority to JP2012019577A priority patent/JP5972586B2/en
Priority to US13/370,510 priority patent/US8562205B2/en
Publication of EP2487546A1 publication Critical patent/EP2487546A1/en
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Publication of EP2487546B1 publication Critical patent/EP2487546B1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/06—Free escapements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/06—Free escapements
    • G04B15/08—Lever escapements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/14—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an exhaust device for a timepiece.
  • the invention also relates to a timepiece comprising such an escapement device.
  • the function of the escapement is to maintain the oscillations of the regulator and to count the oscillations of the regulator.
  • its operation is decisive as regards the precision of the timepiece.
  • the aim of the invention is to provide an escapement overcoming the drawbacks mentioned and improving the exhausts known from the prior art.
  • the invention proposes a simple and precise escapement, that is to say that disturbs the regulating member with which it is associated as little as possible.
  • an escapement device (hereinafter referred to as an escapement) is intended to equip a timepiece, in particular a watch, and in particular a chronometer.
  • the escapement can equip a timepiece comprising an energy accumulator including a first barrel and a second barrel, the first and second barrel being mounted in parallel.
  • the crowns of the two barrels can each mesh with the same center wheel of the motor train of the timepiece.
  • the first escape wheel set comprises a first escape wheel 28 and a first coupling wheel 29.
  • the first escape wheel comprises escape teeth 22 intended to cooperate with the vanes.
  • the first escape wheel and the first coupling wheel are mounted coaxially on the same tigeron 27.
  • the first escape wheel and the first coupling wheel can be mounted without problem. one at a distance from the other, in particular from so as to house the anchor 4 in a plane intermediate to these two wheels.
  • the shank 27 must have a certain length so that the guiding of the first exhaust mobile is sufficiently precise.
  • the first exhaust mobile also has a direct mechanical connection intended to receive the energy transmitted by a motor train.
  • This direct mechanical connection comprises, for example, an exhaust pinion 26 intended to mesh with a toothed wheel of a second mobile.
  • the first escape wheel like the first coupling wheel, is fixedly mounted on the tigeron. At the very least, the first escape wheel, the first coupling wheel and the escape pinion are integral in rotation.
  • the first escape wheel, the first coupling wheel and the escape pinion can be mounted by means of splines on the shank. Furthermore, the first escape wheel and the first coupling are indexed in position relative to each other.
  • the second escape wheel set comprises a second escape wheel 38 and a second coupling wheel 39.
  • the second escape wheel comprises escape teeth 32 intended to cooperate with the vanes.
  • the second escapement wheel and the second coupling wheel are mounted coaxially on the same rod 37.
  • the structure of the second escape wheel assembly is identical to the structure of the first escape wheel assembly, unlike that the second mobile exhaust does not have a direct mechanical connection to the engine train.
  • the first escape wheel and the second escape wheel are indexed in position relative to each other.
  • the first and second exhaust wheels are mounted to move around separate axes, in particular mounted to move around parallel and distant axes.
  • the second exhaust mobile is intended to be coupled to an energy accumulator, such as a barrel, only via the first exhaust mobile and the mechanical coupling means 38, 39.
  • the mechanical coupling means comprises the first coupling wheel of the first mobile and the second coupling wheel of the second mobile.
  • the first and second wheels have a small number of teeth, for example 4 to 8 teeth, in particular 6 teeth each.
  • the first escape wheel and the second escape wheel are indexed in position relative to each other by being angularly offset by ⁇ / n, with n equal the number of teeth of each escape wheel.
  • the anchor is mounted on a tigeron 47. It is articulated around an axis 41.
  • the anchor mainly carries at one end of a rod 44, on a first arm, a first stop pallet 42 cooperating with the teeth. 22 of the first escape wheel and, on a second arm, a second stop pallet 43 cooperating with the teeth 32 of the second escape wheel.
  • the anchor also includes, at a other end of the stick, a fork 45 and a dart 46.
  • the fork is intended to cooperate with a pin 55 of the plate.
  • the dart is intended to cooperate with a small plate 54 of the plate and a notch 56 made in this small plate.
  • the plate is mounted on a tigeron 57. It is articulated around an axis 58.
  • the plate 5 is of the double plate type. It therefore comprises a large plate 51 and a small plate 54.
  • the small plate is integral with the large rotating plate.
  • a pin 55 is planted in the large plate and is intended to cooperate with the fork 45.
  • a third impulse vane 52 cooperating with the teeth 22 of the first escape wheel, is mounted on the large plate. .
  • a fourth impulse vane 53 cooperating with the teeth 32 of the second escape wheel, is mounted on the large plate.
  • the small plate 54 and its notch 56 cooperate with the stinger 46 of the anchor.
  • the plate is intended to be mechanically coupled to the regulating member of the timepiece.
  • the plate is fixed integral in rotation with the regulator member, in particular fixed integral in rotation with a balance of a sprung balance system.
  • the axis 58 around which the plate is articulated and / or the axis 41 around which the anchor is articulated is contained in a plane median to the axes of rotation 23, 33 of the first and second mobile exhaust.
  • the two mobile exhaust are therefore in a stop position: the second mobile exhaust being in a stop position because it is in contact with the stop pallet 43 and the first mobile exhaust being in a position of 'stop because it is linked or coupled in rotation to the second mobile exhaust.
  • the plate has just received an impulse that it has transferred to the regulating organ, in particular to the balance of the regulating organ.
  • the plate secured to the balance therefore continues its angular travel in the direction indicated by arrow 103 to travel an additional ascending arc, then in the direction indicated by arrow 104 to travel an additional descending arc until returning to the configuration of the figure 2 .
  • the pin returns to a position of cooperation with the fork of the anchor and drives the latter in clockwise rotation until it comes to the configuration of the anchor. figure 3 .
  • no exhaust tooth interferes with a stop vane.
  • the two exhaust wheels therefore rotate simultaneously in the directions represented by arrows 101 and 102.
  • This rotation of the exhaust wheels continues until the tooth of the second exhaust wheel set, referenced 32 on the figure 3 , comes to rest against the impulse paddle 53.
  • the second exhaust mobile 3 gives the plate 5 an impulse via the exhaust tooth referenced 32 and the impulse vane 53.
  • the second exhaust mobile therefore continues to rotate in the direction indicated by the arrow 102 and the first exhaust mobile therefore continues to rotate in the direction indicated by the arrow 101.
  • the anchor driven by the plate 5 via the pin 55 pivots clockwise and brings the stop pallet 42 into a position of 'interference with the tooth of the first exhaust mobile referenced 22 on the figures 3 and 4 .
  • the two exhaust wheels are therefore in a stop position: the first exhaust mobile being in a stop position because it is in contact with the stop pallet 42 and the second exhaust mobile being in a position stop because it is linked in rotation to the first exhaust mobile.
  • the plate has just received an impulse that it has transferred to the regulating organ, in particular to the balance of the regulating organ.
  • the plate secured to the balance therefore continues its angular travel in the direction indicated by arrow 104 to travel an additional ascending arc, then in the direction indicated by arrow 103 to travel an additional descending arc until returning to the configuration of the figure 4 .
  • the pin returns to a position of cooperation with the fork of the anchor and drives the latter in anti-clockwise rotation until it comes into a configuration similar to that of the anchor.
  • figure 3 this configuration differing only from that of the figure 3 by a rotation of the two exhaust wheels of ⁇ / n radians, with n the number of exhaust teeth of each exhaust mobile.
  • no exhaust tooth interferes with a stop vane.
  • the two mobiles exhaust therefore rotate simultaneously in the directions represented by arrows 101 and 102. This rotation of the exhaust wheelsets continues until a tooth of the first exhaust mobile device comes into contact with the impulse paddle 52 From this contact, the first exhaust mobile 3 gives the plate 5 an impulse via the exhaust tooth and the impulse vane 52.
  • the first exhaust mobile therefore continues to rotate in the direction. indicated by the arrow 101 and the second mobile escape therefore continues to rotate in the direction indicated by the arrow 102.
  • the anchor driven by the plate 5 via the pin 55 pivots in the anti-clockwise direction and brings the pallet to. stop 43 in a position of interference with a tooth of the second exhaust mobile.
  • the escapement is of the free type, that is to say that the balance can travel an additional arc after the pin of the plate has left the fork of the anchor.
  • the structure of the escapement according to the invention is very simple. Likewise, each of its constituent parts, in particular the anchor, is very simple. It is also noted that the structure of the escapement is symmetrical, the only elements of asymmetry being summed up in the presence of an escapement pinion on only one of the escapement wheels and an offset by an angle of ⁇ / n of the two escape wheels.
  • each of the escape wheels transmits a single impulse to the regulating member during an oscillation.
  • the first escape wheel transmits an impulse to the regulating member during the first half-wave of the oscillation and the second escape wheel transmits an impulse to the regulating member during the second half-wave of the oscillation.
  • This direct transmission of energy from an escape wheel to the chainring at each alternation improves precision.
  • the regulating organ receives impulses while it is in symmetrical positions.
  • the escapement allows automatic starting of the movement when the barrel is cocked. Indeed, we see that, in the configuration of the figure 3 corresponding to the rest position of the regulating member, none of the stop vanes is in the configuration of interference with a tooth of the escape wheels. It follows that when the barrel is armed, the escapement wheels will naturally turn and transmit to the regulating member a first impulse making it possible to initiate the movement.
  • the angle ⁇ formed between the planes of the pulse vanes 52 and 53 may for example be between 55 ° and 66 °.
  • the retraction of the escape wheel when the stop vane leaves an interference position can be 0.5 °.
  • the pivoting amplitude of the anchor (2 ⁇ ⁇ ) can be equal to 14 °.
  • the escape wheels or even other elements of the escape wheels, can be made of a material with a high density, for example of gold.
  • An exhaust according to the invention does not require lubrication.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'échappement d'une pièce d'horlogerie. L'invention concerne aussi une pièce d'horlogerie comprenant un tel dispositif d'échappement.The invention relates to an exhaust device for a timepiece. The invention also relates to a timepiece comprising such an escapement device.

Dans une pièce d'horlogerie, l'échappement a pour fonction d'entretenir les oscillations de l'organe de régulation et de compter les oscillations de l'organe de régulation. Ainsi, son fonctionnement est déterminant en ce qui concerne la précision de la pièce d'horlogerie.In a timepiece, the function of the escapement is to maintain the oscillations of the regulator and to count the oscillations of the regulator. Thus, its operation is decisive as regards the precision of the timepiece.

Lorsque l'on souhaite réaliser une montre, notamment lorsque l'on souhaite réaliser une montre chronomètre, il apparaît essentiel d'apporter une attention et un soin tout particulier à la réalisation de l'échappement afin que celui-ci entretienne les oscillations de l'organe de régulation le plus régulièrement possible et qu'il perturbe le moins possible l'organe de régulation.When you want to make a watch, especially when you want to make a chronometer watch, it appears essential to pay particular attention and care to the production of the escapement so that it maintains the oscillations of the escapement. regulator as regularly as possible and disturbs the regulator as little as possible.

Par ailleurs, il apparaît également que, pour atteindre cet objectif de précision et de stabilité mais également pour atteindre un objectif de fiabilité et un objectif de rendement, la structure de l'échappement doit être la plus simple possible.Furthermore, it also appears that, in order to achieve this objective of precision and stability, but also to achieve an objective of reliability and an objective of efficiency, the structure of the escapement must be as simple as possible.

Le document EP1041459 fait partie de l'état de l'art.The document EP1041459 is part of the state of the art.

On connaît du document EP 1 983 389 un dispositif d'échappement comprenant deux roues d'échappement, deux rouages moteur et deux barillets, chaque roue d'échappement étant entraînée par un rouage moteur relié à un barillet. Un tel système a une architecture complexe et est très difficile à régler. Il ne permet pas de réaliser un échappement précis et présentant un bon rendement.We know from the document EP 1 983 389 an escapement device comprising two escape wheels, two driving wheels and two barrels, each escape wheel being driven by a driving wheel connected to a barrel. Such a system has a complex architecture and is very difficult to regulate. It does not make it possible to produce a precise and efficient exhaust.

Aussi, le but de l'invention est de fournir un échappement remédiant aux inconvénients évoqués et améliorant les échappements connus de l'art antérieur. En particulier, l'invention propose un échappement simple et précis, c'est-à-dire perturbant le moins possible l'organe de régulation auquel il est associé.Also, the aim of the invention is to provide an escapement overcoming the drawbacks mentioned and improving the exhausts known from the prior art. In particular, the invention proposes a simple and precise escapement, that is to say that disturbs the regulating member with which it is associated as little as possible.

La présente invention est définie par les revendications annexées.The present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Le dessin annexé représente, à titre d'exemple, un mode de réalisation d'un échappement selon l'invention.

  • La figure 1 est une vue de face d'un mode de réalisation d'un échappement selon l'invention.
  • Les figures 2 à 4 sont des vues de face du mode de réalisation de l'échappement, l'échappement étant représenté dans différentes configurations afin d'illustrer son fonctionnement.
  • La figure 5 est une vue de côté du mode de réalisation de l'échappement selon l'invention.
  • La figure 6 est une vue de face de détail d'un double plateau du mode de réalisation de l'échappement selon l'invention.
The appended drawing represents, by way of example, an embodiment of an escapement according to the invention.
  • The figure 1 is a front view of an embodiment of an escapement according to the invention.
  • The figures 2 to 4 are front views of the embodiment of the escapement, the escapement being shown in different configurations to illustrate its operation.
  • The figure 5 is a side view of the embodiment of the exhaust according to the invention.
  • The figure 6 is a detail front view of a double plate of the embodiment of the escapement according to the invention.

Un mode de réalisation d'un dispositif d'échappement 1 selon l'invention est décrit ci-après en référence aux figures 1 à 6. Ce dispositif d'échappement (appelé par la suite échappement) est destiné à équiper une pièce d'horlogerie, en particulier une montre, et notamment un chronomètre. Par exemple, l'échappement peut équiper une pièce d'horlogerie comprenant un accumulateur d'énergie incluant un premier barillet et un deuxième barillet, les premier et deuxième barillet étant montés en parallèle. Les couronnes des deux barillets peuvent chacune engrener avec une même roue de centre du rouage moteur de la pièce d'horlogerie.An embodiment of an exhaust device 1 according to the invention is described below with reference to figures 1 to 6 . This escapement device (hereinafter referred to as an escapement) is intended to equip a timepiece, in particular a watch, and in particular a chronometer. For example, the escapement can equip a timepiece comprising an energy accumulator including a first barrel and a second barrel, the first and second barrel being mounted in parallel. The crowns of the two barrels can each mesh with the same center wheel of the motor train of the timepiece.

Principalement, l'échappement 1 comprend :

  • un plateau 5,
  • un premier mobile d'échappement 2 et un deuxième mobile d'échappement 3,
  • un moyen 29, 39 de couplage mécanique du premier mobile d'échappement au deuxième mobile d'échappement, et
  • une ancre 4 portant des palettes 42, 43.
Mainly, the exhaust 1 includes:
  • a tray 5,
  • a first exhaust mobile 2 and a second exhaust mobile 3,
  • a means 29, 39 for the mechanical coupling of the first exhaust mobile to the second exhaust mobile, and
  • an anchor 4 carrying pallets 42, 43.

Avantageusement, le premier mobile d'échappement comprend une première roue d'échappement 28 et une première roue de couplage 29. La première roue d'échappement comprend des dents d'échappement 22 destinées à coopérer avec des palettes. De préférence, la première roue d'échappement et la première roue de couplage sont montées de manière coaxiale sur un même tigeron 27. Selon l'axe du tigeron, la première roue d'échappement et la première roue de couplage peuvent être sans problème montées l'une à distance de l'autre, notamment de sorte à loger l'ancre 4 dans un plan intermédiaire à ces deux roues. En effet, le tigeron 27 doit présenter une certaine longueur de façon à ce que le guidage du premier mobile d'échappement soit suffisamment précis. Le premier mobile d'échappement présente également une liaison mécanique directe destinée à recevoir l'énergie transmise par un rouage moteur. Cette liaison mécanique directe comprend par exemple un pignon d'échappement 26 destiné à engrener avec une roue dentée d'un mobile de seconde. La première roue d'échappement, comme la première roue de couplage, est montée fixe sur le tigeron. Tout au moins, la première roue d'échappement, la première roue de couplage et le pignon d'échappement sont solidaires en rotation. Par exemple, la première roue d'échappement, la première roue de couplage et le pignon d'échappement peuvent être montés au moyen de cannelures sur le tigeron. Par ailleurs, la première roue d'échappement et la première de couplage sont indexées en position l'une par rapport à l'autre.Advantageously, the first escape wheel set comprises a first escape wheel 28 and a first coupling wheel 29. The first escape wheel comprises escape teeth 22 intended to cooperate with the vanes. Preferably, the first escape wheel and the first coupling wheel are mounted coaxially on the same tigeron 27. Along the axis of the tigeron, the first escape wheel and the first coupling wheel can be mounted without problem. one at a distance from the other, in particular from so as to house the anchor 4 in a plane intermediate to these two wheels. Indeed, the shank 27 must have a certain length so that the guiding of the first exhaust mobile is sufficiently precise. The first exhaust mobile also has a direct mechanical connection intended to receive the energy transmitted by a motor train. This direct mechanical connection comprises, for example, an exhaust pinion 26 intended to mesh with a toothed wheel of a second mobile. The first escape wheel, like the first coupling wheel, is fixedly mounted on the tigeron. At the very least, the first escape wheel, the first coupling wheel and the escape pinion are integral in rotation. For example, the first escape wheel, the first coupling wheel and the escape pinion can be mounted by means of splines on the shank. Furthermore, the first escape wheel and the first coupling are indexed in position relative to each other.

Avantageusement, le deuxième mobile d'échappement comprend une deuxième roue d'échappement 38 et une deuxième roue de couplage 39. La deuxième roue d'échappement comprend des dents d'échappement 32 destinées à coopérer avec des palettes. De préférence, la deuxième roue d'échappement et la deuxième roue de couplage sont montées de manière coaxiale sur un même tigeron 37. Ainsi, la structure du deuxième mobile d'échappement est identique à la structure du premier mobile d'échappement à la différence que le deuxième mobile d'échappement ne présente pas de liaison mécanique directe au rouage moteur. Pour le bon fonctionnement de l'échappement, la première roue d'échappement et la deuxième roue d'échappement sont indexées en position l'une par rapport à l'autre.Advantageously, the second escape wheel set comprises a second escape wheel 38 and a second coupling wheel 39. The second escape wheel comprises escape teeth 32 intended to cooperate with the vanes. Preferably, the second escapement wheel and the second coupling wheel are mounted coaxially on the same rod 37. Thus, the structure of the second escape wheel assembly is identical to the structure of the first escape wheel assembly, unlike that the second mobile exhaust does not have a direct mechanical connection to the engine train. For the proper functioning of the exhaust, the first escape wheel and the second escape wheel are indexed in position relative to each other.

Les premier et deuxième mobiles d'échappement sont montés mobiles autour d'axes distincts, notamment montés mobiles autour d'axes parallèles et distants.The first and second exhaust wheels are mounted to move around separate axes, in particular mounted to move around parallel and distant axes.

Le deuxième mobile d'échappement est destiné à être couplé à un accumulateur d'énergie, comme un barillet, uniquement via le premier mobile d'échappement et le moyen de couplage mécanique 38, 39.The second exhaust mobile is intended to be coupled to an energy accumulator, such as a barrel, only via the first exhaust mobile and the mechanical coupling means 38, 39.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, le moyen de couplage mécanique comprend la première roue de couplage du premier mobile et la deuxième roue de couplage du deuxième mobile.In this embodiment, the mechanical coupling means comprises the first coupling wheel of the first mobile and the second coupling wheel of the second mobile.

Avantageusement, les première et deuxième roues comportent un nombre restreint de dents, par exemple 4 à 8 dents, en particulier 6 dents chacune. De préférence, pour le bon fonctionnement de l'échappement, la première roue d'échappement et la deuxième roue d'échappement sont indexées en position l'une par rapport à l'autre en étant décalées angulairement de π/n, avec n égal au nombre de dents de chaque roue d'échappement.Advantageously, the first and second wheels have a small number of teeth, for example 4 to 8 teeth, in particular 6 teeth each. Preferably, for the proper functioning of the escapement, the first escape wheel and the second escape wheel are indexed in position relative to each other by being angularly offset by π / n, with n equal the number of teeth of each escape wheel.

Du fait du couplage mécanique entre les deux mobiles d'échappement, réalisé par deux roues dentées engrenant l'une avec l'autre, les deux mobiles d'échappement tournent en sens inverses. Les sens de rotation sont matérialisés par des flèches sur les figures 2 à 4.Due to the mechanical coupling between the two exhaust wheels, produced by two toothed wheels meshing with each other, the two exhaust wheels rotate in opposite directions. The directions of rotation are shown by arrows on the figures 2 to 4 .

L'ancre est montée sur un tigeron 47. Elle est articulée autour d'un axe 41. L'ancre porte principalement à une extrémité d'une baguette 44, sur un premier bras, une première palette d'arrêt 42 coopérant avec les dents 22 de la première roue d'échappement et, sur un deuxième bras, une deuxième palette d'arrêt 43 coopérant avec les dents 32 de la deuxième roue d'échappement. L'ancre comprend également, à une autre extrémité de la baguette, une fourchette 45 et un dard 46. La fourchette est destinée à coopérer avec une cheville 55 du plateau. Le dard est destiné à coopérer avec un petit plateau 54 du plateau et une encoche 56 pratiquée dans ce petit plateau.The anchor is mounted on a tigeron 47. It is articulated around an axis 41. The anchor mainly carries at one end of a rod 44, on a first arm, a first stop pallet 42 cooperating with the teeth. 22 of the first escape wheel and, on a second arm, a second stop pallet 43 cooperating with the teeth 32 of the second escape wheel. The anchor also includes, at a other end of the stick, a fork 45 and a dart 46. The fork is intended to cooperate with a pin 55 of the plate. The dart is intended to cooperate with a small plate 54 of the plate and a notch 56 made in this small plate.

Le plateau est monté sur un tigeron 57. Il est articulé autour d'un axe 58. Le plateau 5 est du type double plateau. Il comprend donc un grand plateau 51 et un petit plateau 54. Le petit plateau est solidaire du grand plateau en rotation. Une cheville 55 est plantée dans le grand plateau et est destinée à venir coopérer avec la fourchette 45. Par ailleurs, une troisième palette d'impulsion 52, coopérant avec les dents 22 de la première roue d'échappement, est montée sur le grand plateau. De la même manière, une quatrième palette d'impulsion 53, coopérant avec les dents 32 de la deuxième roue d'échappement, est montée sur le grand plateau. Comme vu précédemment, le petit plateau 54 et son encoche 56 coopèrent avec le dard 46 de l'ancre. Le plateau est destiné à être couplé mécaniquement à l'organe régulateur de la pièce d'horlogerie. Par exemple, le plateau est fixé solidaire en rotation de l'organe régulateur, notamment fixé solidaire en rotation d'un balancier d'un système balancier-spiral.The plate is mounted on a tigeron 57. It is articulated around an axis 58. The plate 5 is of the double plate type. It therefore comprises a large plate 51 and a small plate 54. The small plate is integral with the large rotating plate. A pin 55 is planted in the large plate and is intended to cooperate with the fork 45. Furthermore, a third impulse vane 52, cooperating with the teeth 22 of the first escape wheel, is mounted on the large plate. . Likewise, a fourth impulse vane 53, cooperating with the teeth 32 of the second escape wheel, is mounted on the large plate. As seen above, the small plate 54 and its notch 56 cooperate with the stinger 46 of the anchor. The plate is intended to be mechanically coupled to the regulating member of the timepiece. For example, the plate is fixed integral in rotation with the regulator member, in particular fixed integral in rotation with a balance of a sprung balance system.

De préférence, l'axe 58 autour duquel le plateau est articulé et/ou l'axe 41 autour duquel l'ancre est articulée est contenu dans un plan médian aux axes de rotation 23, 33 des premier et deuxième mobiles d'échappement.Preferably, the axis 58 around which the plate is articulated and / or the axis 41 around which the anchor is articulated is contained in a plane median to the axes of rotation 23, 33 of the first and second mobile exhaust.

On décrit ci-après, en référence aux figures 2 à 4, le fonctionnement de l'échappement au cours d'une oscillation complète de l'organe régulateur tel qu'un système balancier-spiral.Described below, with reference to figures 2 to 4 , the operation of the escapement during a complete oscillation of the regulating member such as a sprung balance system.

Dans la configuration de la figure 2, on suppose que le premier mobile d'échappement 2 vient de donner au plateau 5 une impulsion par l'intermédiaire de la dent d'échappement référencée 22 sur la figure 2 et de la palette d'impulsion 52. Le premier mobile d'échappement vient donc de tourner selon le sens indiqué par la flèche 101 et le deuxième mobile d'échappement vient donc de tourner selon le sens indiqué par la flèche 102. L'ancre entraînée par le plateau 5 via la cheville 55 vient de pivoter dans le sens antique-horaire et d'amener la palette d'arrêt 43 dans une position d'interférence avec la dent d'échappement du deuxième mobile d'échappement référencée 32 sur la figure 2. Les deux mobiles d'échappement sont donc dans une position d'arrêt : le deuxième mobile d'échappement étant dans une position d'arrêt car il est en contact avec la palette d'arrêt 43 et le premier mobile échappement étant dans une position d'arrêt car il est lié ou couplé en rotation au deuxième mobile d'échappement. Dans la configuration de la figure 2, le plateau vient de recevoir une impulsion qu'il a transférée à l'organe régulateur, notamment au balancier de l'organe régulateur. Le plateau solidaire du balancier poursuit donc sa course angulaire selon le sens indiqué par la flèche 103 pour parcourir un arc supplémentaire ascendant, puis selon le sens indiqué par la flèche 104 pour parcourir un arc supplémentaire descendant jusqu'à revenir dans la configuration de la figure 2.In the configuration of the figure 2 , it is assumed that the first exhaust mobile 2 has just given the plate 5 an impulse via the exhaust tooth referenced 22 on the figure 2 and of the impulse vane 52. The first escape wheel set has therefore just rotated in the direction indicated by arrow 101 and the second exhaust wheel body has therefore just rotated in the direction indicated by arrow 102. The anchor driven by the plate 5 via the pin 55 has just pivoted in the antique-clockwise direction and brings the stop pallet 43 into a position of interference with the exhaust tooth of the second exhaust mobile referenced 32 on the figure 2 . The two mobile exhaust are therefore in a stop position: the second mobile exhaust being in a stop position because it is in contact with the stop pallet 43 and the first mobile exhaust being in a position of 'stop because it is linked or coupled in rotation to the second mobile exhaust. In the configuration of the figure 2 , the plate has just received an impulse that it has transferred to the regulating organ, in particular to the balance of the regulating organ. The plate secured to the balance therefore continues its angular travel in the direction indicated by arrow 103 to travel an additional ascending arc, then in the direction indicated by arrow 104 to travel an additional descending arc until returning to the configuration of the figure 2 .

Dans cette configuration, la cheville revient dans une position de coopération avec la fourchette de l'ancre et entraîne cette dernière en rotation dans le sens horaire jusqu'à venir dans la configuration de la figure 3. Dans cette configuration, aucune dent d'échappement n'interfère avec une palette d'arrêt. Les deux mobiles d'échappement tournent donc simultanément selon les sens représentés par les flèches 101 et 102. Cette rotation des mobiles d'échappement se poursuit jusqu'à ce que la dent du deuxième mobile d'échappement, référencée 32 sur la figure 3, arrive en appui contre la palette d'impulsion 53. Dès ce contact, le deuxième mobile d'échappement 3 donne au plateau 5 une impulsion par l'intermédiaire de la dent d'échappement référencée 32 et de la palette d'impulsion 53. Le deuxième mobile d'échappement continue donc de tourner selon le sens indiqué par la flèche 102 et le premier mobile d'échappement continue donc de tourner selon le sens indiqué par la flèche 101. L'ancre entraînée par le plateau 5 via la cheville 55 pivote dans le sens horaire et amène la palette d'arrêt 42 dans une position d'interférence avec la dent du premier mobile d'échappement référencée 22 sur les figures 3 et 4.In this configuration, the pin returns to a position of cooperation with the fork of the anchor and drives the latter in clockwise rotation until it comes to the configuration of the anchor. figure 3 . In this configuration, no exhaust tooth interferes with a stop vane. The two exhaust wheels therefore rotate simultaneously in the directions represented by arrows 101 and 102. This rotation of the exhaust wheels continues until the tooth of the second exhaust wheel set, referenced 32 on the figure 3 , comes to rest against the impulse paddle 53. From this contact, the second exhaust mobile 3 gives the plate 5 an impulse via the exhaust tooth referenced 32 and the impulse vane 53. The second exhaust mobile therefore continues to rotate in the direction indicated by the arrow 102 and the first exhaust mobile therefore continues to rotate in the direction indicated by the arrow 101. The anchor driven by the plate 5 via the pin 55 pivots clockwise and brings the stop pallet 42 into a position of 'interference with the tooth of the first exhaust mobile referenced 22 on the figures 3 and 4 .

Dans la configuration représentée à la figure 4, les deux mobiles d'échappement sont donc dans une position d'arrêt : le premier mobile d'échappement étant dans une position d'arrêt car il est en contact avec la palette d'arrêt 42 et le deuxième mobile échappement étant dans une position d'arrêt car il est lié en rotation au premier mobile d'échappement. Dans la configuration de la figure 4, le plateau vient de recevoir une impulsion qu'il a transférée à l'organe régulateur, notamment au balancier de l'organe régulateur. Le plateau solidaire du balancier poursuit donc sa course angulaire selon le sens indiqué par la flèche 104 pour parcourir un arc supplémentaire ascendant, puis selon le sens indiqué par la flèche 103 pour parcourir un arc supplémentaire descendant jusqu'à revenir dans la configuration de la figure 4.In the configuration shown in figure 4 , the two exhaust wheels are therefore in a stop position: the first exhaust mobile being in a stop position because it is in contact with the stop pallet 42 and the second exhaust mobile being in a position stop because it is linked in rotation to the first exhaust mobile. In the configuration of the figure 4 , the plate has just received an impulse that it has transferred to the regulating organ, in particular to the balance of the regulating organ. The plate secured to the balance therefore continues its angular travel in the direction indicated by arrow 104 to travel an additional ascending arc, then in the direction indicated by arrow 103 to travel an additional descending arc until returning to the configuration of the figure 4 .

Dans cette configuration, la cheville revient dans une position de coopération avec la fourchette de l'ancre et entraîne cette dernière en rotation dans le sens anti-horaire jusqu'à venir dans une configuration similaire à celle de la figure 3, cette configuration différant uniquement de celle de la figure 3 par une rotation des deux mobiles d'échappement de π/n radians, avec n le nombre de dents d'échappement de chaque mobile d'échappement. Dans cette configuration, aucune dent d'échappement n'interfère avec une palette d'arrêt. Les deux mobiles d'échappement tournent donc simultanément selon les sens représentés par les flèches 101 et 102. Cette rotation des mobiles d'échappement se poursuit jusqu'à ce qu'une dent du premier mobile d'échappement arrive en contact contre la palette d'impulsion 52. Dès ce contact, le premier mobile d'échappement 3 donne au plateau 5 une impulsion par l'intermédiaire de la dent d'échappement et de la palette d'impulsion 52. Le premier mobile d'échappement continue donc de tourner selon le sens indiqué par la flèche 101 et le deuxième mobile d'échappement continue donc de tourner selon le sens indiqué par la flèche 102. L'ancre entraînée par le plateau 5 via la cheville 55 pivote dans le sens anti-horaire et amène la palette d'arrêt 43 dans une position d'interférence avec une dent du deuxième mobile d'échappement. On se retrouve de nouveau dans la configuration de la figure 2.In this configuration, the pin returns to a position of cooperation with the fork of the anchor and drives the latter in anti-clockwise rotation until it comes into a configuration similar to that of the anchor. figure 3 , this configuration differing only from that of the figure 3 by a rotation of the two exhaust wheels of π / n radians, with n the number of exhaust teeth of each exhaust mobile. In this configuration, no exhaust tooth interferes with a stop vane. The two mobiles exhaust therefore rotate simultaneously in the directions represented by arrows 101 and 102. This rotation of the exhaust wheelsets continues until a tooth of the first exhaust mobile device comes into contact with the impulse paddle 52 From this contact, the first exhaust mobile 3 gives the plate 5 an impulse via the exhaust tooth and the impulse vane 52. The first exhaust mobile therefore continues to rotate in the direction. indicated by the arrow 101 and the second mobile escape therefore continues to rotate in the direction indicated by the arrow 102. The anchor driven by the plate 5 via the pin 55 pivots in the anti-clockwise direction and brings the pallet to. stop 43 in a position of interference with a tooth of the second exhaust mobile. We find ourselves again in the configuration of the figure 2 .

Comme décrit précédemment, l'échappement est du type libre, c'est-à-dire que le balancier peut parcourir un arc supplémentaire après que la goupille du plateau a quitté la fourchette de l'ancre.As described above, the escapement is of the free type, that is to say that the balance can travel an additional arc after the pin of the plate has left the fork of the anchor.

On remarque que la structure de l'échappement selon l'invention est très simple. De même, chacune des pièces le constituant, notamment l'ancre, est très simple. On remarque en outre que la structure de l'échappement est symétrique, les seuls éléments de dissymétrie se résumant à la présence d'un pignon d'échappement sur un seul des mobiles d'échappement et à un décalage d'un angle de π/n des deux roues d'échappement.Note that the structure of the escapement according to the invention is very simple. Likewise, each of its constituent parts, in particular the anchor, is very simple. It is also noted that the structure of the escapement is symmetrical, the only elements of asymmetry being summed up in the presence of an escapement pinion on only one of the escapement wheels and an offset by an angle of π / n of the two escape wheels.

La simplicité évoquée précédemment permet d'obtenir une grande fiabilité et une précision de fonctionnement.The previously mentioned simplicity makes it possible to obtain great reliability and operating precision.

Cette simplicité contribue également au rendement de l'échappement. En effet, dans l'échappement précédemment décrit, l'énergie venant de l'accumulateur d'énergie est transmise à l'organe réglant directement des roues d'échappement au plateau, contrairement à un échappement à ancre suisse classique ou l'énergie transite via l'ancre. Une telle particularité permet d'améliorer le rendement. Dans l'échappement précédemment décrit, la fonction de la cheville et de la fourchette se limite au positionnement de l'ancre.This simplicity also contributes to the efficiency of the exhaust. In fact, in the escapement described above, the energy coming from the energy accumulator is transmitted to the regulating organ directly from the escape wheels to the plate, unlike a classic Swiss lever escapement where the energy passes through the anchor. Such a feature makes it possible to improve the yield. In the escapement described above, the function of the pin and the fork is limited to the positioning of the anchor.

Par ailleurs, on remarque que chacune des roues d'échappement transmet une seule impulsion à l'organe réglant au cours d'une oscillation. La première roue d'échappement transmet une impulsion à l'organe réglant au cours de la première alternance de l'oscillation et la deuxième roue d'échappement transmet une impulsion à l'organe réglant au cours de la deuxième alternance de l'oscillation. Cette transmission directe d'énergie d'une roue d'échappement au plateau à chaque alternance permet d'améliorer la précision. L'organe réglant reçoit des impulsions alors qu'il se trouve dans des positions symétriques.Furthermore, it is noted that each of the escape wheels transmits a single impulse to the regulating member during an oscillation. The first escape wheel transmits an impulse to the regulating member during the first half-wave of the oscillation and the second escape wheel transmits an impulse to the regulating member during the second half-wave of the oscillation. This direct transmission of energy from an escape wheel to the chainring at each alternation improves precision. The regulating organ receives impulses while it is in symmetrical positions.

On remarque encore que l'échappement permet un démarrage automatique du mouvement lorsqu'on arme le barillet. En effet, on voit que, dans la configuration de la figure 3 correspondant à la position de repos de l'organe réglant, aucune des palettes d'arrêt n'est en configuration d'interférence avec une dent des roues d'échappement. Il s'ensuit que lorsqu'on arme le barillet, les mobiles d'échappement vont naturellement tourner et transmettre à l'organe réglant une première impulsion permettant d'initier le mouvement.We also note that the escapement allows automatic starting of the movement when the barrel is cocked. Indeed, we see that, in the configuration of the figure 3 corresponding to the rest position of the regulating member, none of the stop vanes is in the configuration of interference with a tooth of the escape wheels. It follows that when the barrel is armed, the escapement wheels will naturally turn and transmit to the regulating member a first impulse making it possible to initiate the movement.

Dans l'échappement précédemment décrit, comme représenté à la figure 6, l'angle β formé entre les plans des palettes 52 et 53 d'impulsion peut par exemple être compris entre 55° et 66°. Le recul de la roue d'échappement lorsque la palette d'arrêt quitte une position d'interférence peut valoir 0,5°. L'amplitude de pivotement de l'ancre (2×α) peut valoir 14°.In the exhaust previously described, as shown in figure 6 , the angle β formed between the planes of the pulse vanes 52 and 53 may for example be between 55 ° and 66 °. The retraction of the escape wheel when the stop vane leaves an interference position can be 0.5 °. The pivoting amplitude of the anchor (2 × α) can be equal to 14 °.

Avantageusement, les roues d'échappement, voire d'autres éléments des mobiles d'échappement, peuvent être réalisées en un matériau à forte masse volumique, par exemple en or.Advantageously, the escape wheels, or even other elements of the escape wheels, can be made of a material with a high density, for example of gold.

Un échappement selon l'invention ne nécessite pas de lubrification.An exhaust according to the invention does not require lubrication.

Claims (9)

  1. An escapement (1) comprising:
    - a roller (5),
    - a first mobile escapement part (2) comprising first escapement teeth (22) and a second mobile escapement part (3) comprising second escapement teeth (32), and
    - a means (29, 39) for mechanically coupling the first mobile escapement part to the second mobile escapement part,
    the roller comprising a third impulse pallet stone (52) cooperating with the first escapement teeth and a fourth impulse pallet stone (53) cooperating with the second escapement teeth, characterized in that the escapement (1) comprises an anchor (4) carrying pallet stones (42, 43).
  2. The escapement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first mobile escapement part comprises a first escape wheel (28) and a first coupling wheel (29) and in that the second mobile escapement part comprises a second escape wheel (38) and a second coupling wheel (39).
  3. The escapement as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first coupling wheel comprises third teeth (21) and the second coupling wheel comprises fourth teeth (31), the third teeth meshing with the fourth teeth.
  4. The escapement as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the anchor comprises the first pallet stone (42), in particular a first stop pallet stone cooperating with the first escapement teeth and the second pallet stone (43), in particular a second stop pallet stone cooperating with the second escapement teeth.
  5. The escapement as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the second mobile escapement part is designed to be coupled to an energy accumulator, such as a barrel, solely via the mechanical coupling means (38, 39).
  6. The escapement as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the anchor comprises a fork (45) cooperating with an impulse pin (55) of the roller.
  7. The escapement as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the roller is of the double roller type and in that the anchor comprises a guard pin (46) cooperating with a small roller (54) of the roller.
  8. A timepiece, in particular a wristwatch, in particular a chronometer, comprising an escapement (1) as claimed in one of the preceding claims.
  9. The timepiece as claimed in the preceding claim, wherein it comprises an energy accumulator comprising a first barrel and a second barrel, the first and second barrels being mounted in parallel.
EP11405210.3A 2011-02-11 2011-02-11 High-performance bi-axial escapement, or HPBE Active EP2487546B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11405210.3A EP2487546B1 (en) 2011-02-11 2011-02-11 High-performance bi-axial escapement, or HPBE
JP2012019577A JP5972586B2 (en) 2011-02-11 2012-02-01 Two-axis high-performance escapement or BHPE (EBHP)
US13/370,510 US8562205B2 (en) 2011-02-11 2012-02-10 Bi-axial high-performance escapement, or BHPE (EBHP)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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EP11405210.3A EP2487546B1 (en) 2011-02-11 2011-02-11 High-performance bi-axial escapement, or HPBE

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JP6206877B2 (en) * 2014-03-06 2017-10-04 セイコーインスツル株式会社 Escapement, watch movement and watch
WO2016001740A2 (en) * 2014-07-03 2016-01-07 Preciflex Sa Clockwork mechanisms for double accumulation and power transmission dedicated mono-conrolled movement
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EP3462251B1 (en) * 2017-09-29 2020-06-10 Montres Breguet S.A. Time-setting mechanism for a clock movement
CH714200B1 (en) * 2017-09-29 2021-02-15 Louis Vuitton Malletier Sa An escapement device for a mechanical watch movement comprising an escapement with two escapement moving parts.
EP3557334A1 (en) * 2018-04-17 2019-10-23 Dominique Renaud SA Escapement mechanism with lock pallet and timepiece comprising such an escapement mechanism
EP4053643B1 (en) * 2021-03-02 2023-11-29 Montres Breguet S.A. Natural escapement for timepiece movement and timepiece movement comprising such an escapement
EP4053641A1 (en) * 2021-03-02 2022-09-07 Montres Breguet S.A. Natural escapement for timepiece movement and timepiece movement comprising such an escapement
EP4105731B1 (en) * 2021-06-17 2024-01-03 Montres Breguet S.A. Natural escapement for timepiece movement and timepiece movement comprising such an escapement
EP4194959A1 (en) 2021-12-09 2023-06-14 Montres Breguet S.A. Natural escapement for timepiece movement and timepiece movement comprising such an escapement
EP4198641A1 (en) 2021-12-20 2023-06-21 Montres Breguet S.A. Natural escapement for timepiece movement and timepiece movement comprising such an escapement
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JP5972586B2 (en) 2016-08-17
US20120207000A1 (en) 2012-08-16
JP2012168172A (en) 2012-09-06
EP2487546A1 (en) 2012-08-15

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