CH719133A1 - Resonator for watch movement and oscillator comprising such a resonator. - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a horological resonator, comprising a balance (6) intended to pivot and present oscillations of axis X1, a balance pinion (20) of axis X1 integral with the balance (6), an oscillating mobile (22) comprising a set of teeth meshing with the balance pinion (20) and intended to pivot on either side of a rest position, to present oscillations of axis X2, an elastic return member arranged to cooperate with the mobile oscillating (22) and tending to bring it back to its rest position, in which the elastic return member is a hairspring (8) arranged to be able to present oscillations of axis X3, distinct from axis X1, and of amplitude different from the amplitude of the oscillations of the balance (6), preferably lower. The invention also relates to an oscillator comprising such a resonator, as well as a timepiece movement and a timepiece.

Description

Technical area

The present invention relates to a resonator, intended to cooperate with an escapement mechanism of a watch movement, comprising a pendulum intended to pivot on either side of a rest position and present oscillations of axis X1, a balance pinion of axis X1 integral with the balance, an oscillating mobile comprising a toothing arranged in engagement with the balance pinion and intended to pivot on either side of a rest position, to present oscillations of axis X2, an elastic return member arranged to cooperate with the oscillating mobile and tend to bring it back to its rest position.

The invention also relates to an oscillator comprising such a resonator associated with an escapement mechanism, as well as a timepiece movement and a timepiece comprising such an oscillator.

State of the art

[0003] Different resonators meeting the above characteristics, and corresponding oscillators, are already known in the state of the art.

[0004] By way of illustration, patent application WO 2015/010797 A1 describes an oscillator comprising a resonator, the balance shaft of which carries a pinion arranged in engagement with a toothed wheel set directly playing the role of an anchor by its cooperation with an escape mechanism. An elastic return member is arranged to cooperate with the toothed wheel set and tend to permanently bring it back to its rest position, thus imparting an oscillating movement to the balance, with an amplitude of oscillations greater than that of the oscillations of the toothed wheel set. According to a first embodiment, the toothed wheel directly carries two rollers arranged to cooperate alternately with an escapement wheel, to control the movements of the wheels of the going train and to maintain the oscillations of the balance wheel. According to another embodiment, the axis of the balance carries a plate provided with a pin intended to cooperate with the escape wheel by means of an anchor, in a conventional manner. Other embodiments are described in which the toothed member directly presents an elastic portion so that it is not necessary to couple it to an additional specific return member.

[0005] In general, a main object of this prior patent application is to propose various constructions of oscillators in which the elastic return member is not a spiral spring, in particular to be able to overcome manufacturing difficulties. such springs, as well as operational problems directly related to their structure and mode of deformation. However, the constructions proposed that are closest to the previous solutions present problems related to their size, while the variants that differ more from the known solutions can pose problems in their assembly and/or in the adjustments that are necessary to allow the realization of a precise, reliable and insensitive oscillator to shocks due to a new distribution of the mass of the elastic return member, less homogeneous than that presented by a conventional spiral spring.

Disclosure of Invention

[0006] A main object of the present invention is to propose a resonator for a watch movement of alternative construction to the known constructions of the prior art, based in part on widely tested and reliable solutions, while having a relatively simple structure as well as accurate and reliable operation.

To this end, the present invention relates more particularly to a resonator of the type mentioned above, characterized in that the elastic return member is a hairspring arranged to be able to present oscillations of axis X3, distinct from the axis X1, and of different amplitude from the amplitude of the oscillations of the balance, preferably lower.

[0008] Thanks to these characteristics, it is possible to produce a resonator for a watch movement in which the balance has large amplitude oscillations, which makes it possible to reduce the instantaneous rate fault due to a possible lack of balance of the balance in vertical position and, at the same time, in which the hairspring exhibits oscillations of reduced amplitude, in particular to avoid possible shocks between its turns. The meshing between the balance pinion and the oscillating wheel set can even be adapted so as to adjust the value of the amplitude of the oscillations of the hairspring within a particularly advantageous range of values, in which its possible defects have a minimal influence on the rate. of the corresponding timepiece. This range of values depends on many parameters of the hairspring such as its number of turns, the position of its attachment point, the type of terminal curve used, etc.

Thus, against all odds, as presented in the earlier application cited above, the present invention makes it possible to take advantage of a spring-type elastic return member to produce a high-performance oscillator whose development and pairing are simplified with reference to known oscillators. Despite the intrinsic difficulties associated with the hairspring, the construction according to the present invention makes it possible to take advantage of all the experience acquired after decades of research work on the hairspring in an advantageous manner and without having to start from scratch with a new type of elastic return member which could require a great deal of fine-tuning effort.

[0010] Provision may advantageously be made for the hairspring to comprise a first end region intended to present a fixed position with reference to the axis X1, in the operating configuration, and a second end region arranged to present movements controlled by the rotation of the oscillating mobile.

[0011] In this case, provision can advantageously also be made for the axes X2 and X3 to be substantially coincident, the second end region of the hairspring being integral with the oscillating wheel set in the operating configuration.

[0012] In general, provision can be made for the resonator to comprise a rotary plate carrying a pin, intended to cooperate with the escapement mechanism, and intended to pivot along an axis of rotation distinct from the axis X2.

[0013] In this case, and particularly when the balance wheel is arranged to operate at high amplitude (for example >320° amplitude), provision can also be made for the plate to be arranged along an axis of rotation X4 distinct from the axis X1 and has a kinematic link with the balance wheel. One can then advantageously provide for the plate to be integral with a toothed wheel arranged in engagement with the balance pinion.

[0014] According to a non-limiting preferred embodiment variant, when the plate is arranged along an axis of rotation X4 distinct from the axis X1, it is possible to provide that the resonator further comprises at least one first stop integral in rotation with the balance and intended to cooperate with the escapement mechanism to receive impulses intended to maintain the oscillations of the balance wheel and thus define a direct impulse escapement.

[0015] In general, the present invention also relates to an oscillator comprising a resonator, corresponding to the above characteristics, associated with an escapement mechanism comprising at least a first escapement wheel, secured to an escapement pinion intended to receive a torque from a mechanical energy source of the watch movement, as well as a control member arranged to cooperate with the resonator and with the first escape wheel so as to be able to control the movements of the latter.

[0016]According to a preferred embodiment, when the resonator comprises a rotary plate carrying a peg, provision can also be made for the control member to be an anchor comprising a fork capable of cooperating with the peg, the anchor bearing at the least one pallet capable of cooperating with the first escape wheel.

[0017] Furthermore, when the resonator comprises a first abutment integral in rotation with the balance wheel, provision can also be made for the first abutment to define an impulse pallet capable of cooperating with the first escapement wheel in order to receive impulses therefrom intended to ensure the maintenance of the oscillations of the pendulum.

[0018]According to an advantageous variant embodiment, provision may be made for the escapement mechanism to comprise a second escapement wheel, and for the anchor to carry at least a second pallet capable of cooperating with the second escapement wheel, the first and second pallets being intended to cooperate alternately with the corresponding escapement wheel.

[0019] In this case, provision can also be made for the resonator to comprise a second stop integral in rotation with the balance wheel and defining a second impulse pallet capable of cooperating with the second escape wheel to receive impulses intended to ensure the maintenance of the oscillations of the balance.

[0020] In general, provision can be made for the oscillator to be carried by a cage comprising a toothing, intended to be kinematically connected to the source of mechanical energy of the watch movement, as well as at least one connecting member intended to allow its pivot mounting on a frame of the watch movement to define a tourbillon or a carousel.

[0021] In general, the present invention also relates to a watch movement comprising a frame defining a support for an oscillator according to the preceding characteristics as well as for a source of mechanical energy arranged so as to be able to apply a torque to the pinion of 'exhaust

[0022] According to a preferred embodiment, when the oscillator is carried by a cage comprising a toothing, intended to be kinematically connected to the source of mechanical energy, as well as at least one connecting member intended to allow its mounting pivoted on the frame, that the frame also carries a fixed toothed crown arranged in engagement with the escapement pinion.

The present invention also relates to a timepiece comprising an oscillator according to the characteristics above.

Brief description of the drawings

Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will appear more clearly on reading the detailed description of a preferred embodiment which follows, made with reference to the appended drawings given by way of non-limiting examples and in which : FIG. 1 represents a simplified perspective view of an example of an oscillator according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, FIGS. 2a and 2b represent simplified front views, respectively from below and from above with reference to the view of FIG. 1, of part of an oscillator according to the preferred embodiment of FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3a to 3o represent simplified front views, following the same orientation as the view of FIG. 2b, of part of the oscillator of FIGS. 2a and 2b in different configurations corresponding to different successive operating phases.

Embodiment(s) of the Invention

Figure 1 shows a simplified perspective view of an example of oscillator 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. More specifically, the illustrated oscillator 1, which will be described below by way of non-limiting illustrative example, is of the tourbillon type. The present invention can be applied to another type of oscillator, in particular a carousel or a simple oscillator, that is to say with an escapement whose position is fixed on the frame of the corresponding watch movement, without however leaving the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended set of claims.

The oscillator 1 comprises an escapement carrier cage 2 intended to be rotatably mounted on a frame element of a watch movement (not shown for the sake of simplification), by means of a connecting member 4 , a single pivot here, the cage 2 being intended to be mounted cantilevered to define a flying tourbillon without limitation.

[0027] Cage 2 carries a resonator comprising a balance 6 and a hairspring 8, as well as an escapement mechanism comprising in particular an escapement wheel set, comprising an escapement wheel 10 and an escapement pinion 12, intended to cooperate with the resonator to maintain the oscillations of the pendulum 6, in a known manner. It can be seen that if balance wheel 6 has an axis of rotation X1 coinciding with that of cage 2, balance spring 8 has an axis of rotation distinct from that of balance wheel 6, as will emerge more clearly from the following figures.

The cage 2 is provided with an external toothing 14 intended to be kinematically connected to a source of mechanical energy, for example a barrel (not visible). Furthermore, the escapement pinion 12 is intended to be arranged in engagement with a toothing 16, fixed on the frame element of the watch movement. The escapement mechanism comprises a control member, which will be described later in relation to the following figures, arranged to intermittently lock and release the escapement wheel 10. Thus, in a conventional manner, when the escapement wheel 10 is free, cage 2 can rotate under the effect of the torque it receives from the mechanical energy source, escapement pinion 12 then rolling on toothing 16.

Figures 2a and 2b show simplified front views, respectively from below and from above with reference to the view of Figure 1, of part of oscillator 1.

The balance 6 is integral with a balance shaft carrying a balance pinion 20 therefore having the same axis oscillations X1 as the balance 6.

[0031] The cage 2 also carries an oscillating mobile 22, of axis X2, comprising a toothed wheel 24 arranged in permanent engagement with the balance pinion 20.

The spiral 8 is here mounted in the cage 2 so as to be coaxial with the oscillating wheel set 22, having a first end region, external, integral with a frame element of the cage 2 and a second region of end, internal, secured to the oscillating mobile 22 in the operating configuration, to present movements controlled by the rotation of the latter. Thus, balance spring 8 is called upon to exhibit deformation oscillations of axis X2. Of course, provision can advantageously be made for at least the relative positioning between the first end region of the hairspring 8 and the cage 2 to be adjustable, or even possibly also the relative positioning between the second end region of the hairspring 8 and the mobile oscillating 22.

[0033] Alternatively, the hairspring could be arranged along an axis X3, separate from the axis X2, having a first end fixed with reference to the cage 2 and a second end slaved to the movements of the oscillating wheel set 22. In this case , one could for example provide that the hairspring is part of an additional wheel set which would include a toothed wheel in engagement with the toothed wheel 24 of the oscillating wheel set 22.

Furthermore, the balance pinion 20 is also arranged in permanent engagement with a toothed wheel 26 secured to a plate 28 carrying a pin 30. Of course, the toothed wheel 26 and the plate 28 can be made in two parts assembled or in one piece without affecting the implementation of the present invention. It will also be noted that the plate 28 could be arranged directly on the axis of the balance wheel 6 to present oscillations along the axis X1 instead of being offset on a separate axis.

[0035] Due to the kinematic connection which binds it to the balance pinion 20, the plate 28 is intended to present oscillations here along an additional axis X4. Pin 30 is intended to cooperate with the escapement mechanism of the oscillator, at regular intervals during the oscillations of plate 28.

More specifically, it appears from Figures 2a and 2b that the escapement mechanism according to the preferred embodiment is of the natural type and comprises, in addition to the first escapement wheel 10, a second escapement wheel 32, arranged in the immediate vicinity of the first escapement wheel 10. It is further noted that the shaft of the first escapement wheel set also carries a toothed wheel 34, coaxial with the first escapement wheel 10, while the shaft carrying the second escapement wheel 32 also carries a toothed wheel 36 coaxial with the latter. The two toothed wheels 34 and 36 are in permanent engagement with each other, while the two escape wheels 10, 32 have a relative angular orientation such that their teeth are offset and therefore cannot touch each other.

[0037] The control member of the escapement mechanism here has the form of an anchor 38, arranged on a frame element of the cage 2 in order to be able to pivot between the two escapement wheels 10, 32, along an axis X5. The anchor 38 comprises a fork 40 intended to cooperate with the pin 30 to ensure the regular pivoting of the anchor 38 along the axis X5, due to the oscillations of the pendulum 6. Furthermore, the anchor 38 comprises two pallets 42 each of which is intended to cooperate with one of the escape wheels 10, 32, in turn, to lock it. Finally, the anchor 38 further comprises a dart 44 intended to cooperate with the periphery of a small plate 46 integral with said plate 28, in a conventional manner.

This embodiment provides, by way of non-limiting illustration, that the escapement mechanism is of the direct impulse type, that is to say that the impulses making it possible to maintain the oscillations of the balance wheel 6 are transmitted directly by the escape wheels 10, 32, without transiting through the lever 38 and the peg 30.

[0039] To this end, the axis of the balance 6 comprises a support 48 carrying two impulse pallets 50, each of which is associated with one of the escape wheels 10, 32 to receive impulses and retransmit them to the balance 6 , as will emerge from the remainder of this description.

[0040] Figures 3a to 3o represent simplified front views, having the same orientation as the view of Figure 2b, of part of the oscillator 1 in different configurations corresponding to different successive operating phases, throughout of almost a complete oscillation of the balance 6.

Beforehand, it should be noted that the balance pinion 20 has 15 teeth, while the wheel of the oscillating mobile 22 has 90 and the toothed wheel 26, integral with the plate 28, has 30. Thus, for each angle traveled by the balance 6, the oscillating mobile 22 travels an angle corresponding to one sixth of the angle traveled by the balance 6 and the plate 28 travels an angle equal to half the angle traveled by the balance 6.

[0042] Figure 3a shows part of oscillator 1 while balance wheel 6 completes an additional free arc in the anti-clockwise direction of rotation (thereafter, all directions of rotation will be indicated with reference to the orientation of figures 3a to 3o). The plate 28 therefore rotates in the clockwise direction of rotation and the pin 30 is about to penetrate inside the fork 40 of the anchor 38 to cause the latter to pivot in the anti-clockwise direction of rotation. At this moment, the anchor 38 ensures the locking of the second escapement wheel 32 by means of the corresponding pallet 42. The first escape wheel 10 is then also locked due to the permanent meshing between the toothed wheels 34 and 36.

Passing to the view of Figure 3b, we see that the balance 6 has traveled about an eighth of a turn, the plate 28 having therefore traveled about a sixteenth turn. Pin 30 enters fork 40 of anchor 38, while escape wheels 10, 32 are still stationary. At the same time, a first impulse pallet 50 of the balance wheel 6 has passed in front of the tooth closest to the escapement wheel 32 without contacting it.

In Figure 3c, a little less than a quarter turn of the balance 6 later, the pin 30 exerts pressure on the fork 40 of the anchor 38 and begins to rotate the latter in the direction of rotation anti-clockwise. The pallet 42 locking the escape wheel 32 then approaches the end of the tooth of the escape wheel 32 with which it cooperates. At the same time, the second impulse pallet 50 of the balance wheel 6 has passed in front of the tooth closest to the escapement wheel 32 without contacting it.

[0045] After a slight additional angle traveled by the balance 6, the oscillator is in the configuration illustrated in Figure 3d, in which the pallet 42 releases the second escapement wheel 32, releasing the first escapement wheel 10 at the same time. The anchor 38 is then substantially halfway.

[0046] A moment later, illustrated in FIG. 3e, the first escapement wheel 10 is driven in rotation by the torque it receives from the source of mechanical energy of the corresponding watch movement, due to the meshing of the escapement pinion 12 with the toothing 16 and of the rotation of the cage 2 then made possible. The second escapement wheel 32 is also driven in rotation due to the meshing between the two toothed wheels 34 and 36.

It can be seen that, during the rotational movement of the first escape wheel 10, one of its teeth abuts against the front impulse pallet 50 (in the direction of movement) of the balance wheel 6 and transmits an impulse to it. in the counter-clockwise direction, as illustrated by the passage between Figures 3e and 3f.

At the same time, the pin 30 continues to exert pressure on the fork 40 of the anchor 38 to rotate the latter in the counter-clockwise direction, so much so that its other pallet 42 is gradually positioned on the trajectory of the teeth of the first escape wheel 10.

[0049] The balance wheel 6 continues to rotate counter-clockwise, as shown in FIG. escape wheels 10, 32 thus finding themselves again locked. At the same time, pin 30 begins to come out of fork 40 of anchor 38, by its opposite side, and balance 6 can begin a new free additional arc.

This free arc is illustrated in Figures 3h to 3d. Between the moment illustrated in FIG. 3g, when pin 30 leaves fork 40, and that illustrated in FIG. in the configuration illustrated in FIG. 3j, the rocker arm 6 still performs approximately one additional turn while the plate 28 still performs approximately one additional half-turn.

In the configuration illustrated in Figure 3j, the pin 30 again approaches the fork 40, but from the outside. Also, with the gear ratios chosen here, by way of non-limiting illustration, the balance wheel 6 and the hairspring 8 must be chosen in such a way that the balance wheel 6 travels less than two revolutions per alternation to avoid a beating. According to the illustrated embodiment, the pendulum 6 traverses a little more than one and a half revolutions alternately, the plate 28 making a little more than three quarters of a turn at the same time.

[0052] Once its maximum amplitude has been reached, balance wheel 6 changes direction of rotation to rotate clockwise, as shown in FIG. 3k, under the effect of the action of balance spring 8. Of course, during all this time, the two escape wheels 10, 32 remain locked by the interaction between a pallet 42 and the toothing of the first escape wheel 10.

[0053] Passing from the configuration of Figure 3j to that of Figure 3k, the pendulum 6 has turned approximately one full turn clockwise to start a new additional arc (downward), while the plate 28 has turned about half a turn counterclockwise. Pin 30 then approaches the entry of fork 40 of anchor 38.

[0054] Figure 31 illustrates how the pin 30, once entered the fork 40, begins to exert on it a force tending to rotate the anchor 38 in the clockwise direction. In the meantime, a first impulse pallet 50 of balance wheel 6 has passed in front of the tooth closest to first escape wheel 10 without contacting it.

As illustrated in Figure 3m, the balance wheel 6 continues to rotate, its second impulse pallet 50 having passed in front of the tooth closest to the first escape wheel 10 without contacting it, and the anchor 38 begins to rotate clockwise.

[0056] Once the rotation of the anchor 38 has been sufficient, its pallet 42 releases the toothing of the first escapement wheel 10 which then becomes free to rotate again, as shown in FIG. exhaust 32.

It is also noted that, during the rotational movement of the second escapement wheel 32, one of its teeth is positioned against the front impulse pallet 50 (in the direction of movement) of the balance 6 to transmit to it a pulse in the clockwise direction.

[0058] Figure 3o illustrates how the anchor 38 continues to rotate, under the effect of the action of the pin 30, to reposition a pallet 42 on the path of the toothing of the second escapement wheel 32, to relock it.

The plate 28 then continues its rotation in the anti-clockwise direction, until the pin 30 comes out again from the fork 40 of the anchor 38, and the pendulum 6 can start a new free additional arc. , and therefore a new cycle, as illustrated from Figure 3a.

Thanks to the characteristics which have just been described, an oscillator 1 is obtained which makes it possible to optimize the use of the balance wheel and of the hairspring in terms of amplitudes. Indeed, the rate of the corresponding watch movement is optimal with both a high amplitude of oscillations for the balance wheel and a reduced amplitude of oscillations for the hairspring. However, in the embodiment illustrated and described by way of non-limiting illustration, the balance has an amplitude of oscillations of the order of 1100 degrees (a little more than three turns) while the hairspring does not present at the same time an amplitude of oscillations of the order of 180 to 185 degrees (one sixth of that of the balance wheel). In general, the oscillator according to the present invention can advantageously be implemented in such a way that the balance has an amplitude of oscillations comprised between 360 and 1440 degrees, more preferably between 540 and 1080 degrees.

[0061] The hairspring can be made of materials known for the production of hairsprings, for example metal alloys such as Elinvar (iron, nickel, bromine and tungsten) or Nivarox (Nicht Variable Oxydfest - composed of iron, nickel , cobalt, chromium, titanium and beryllium), or silicon / oxidized silicon. The optimization of the amplitude of the hairspring also has the advantage of allowing the use of hairsprings made of fragile materials or having weaker mechanical characteristics than those traditionally required. The low operating amplitude of the hairspring (less than 200°, preferably less than 170°) also allows for sizing of hairsprings hitherto not compatible with conventional amplitudes (of the order of 270 degrees), in particular as regards the limit elastic allowed on the hairspring blade.

[0062] Moreover, even if this would lead to a drop in performance, it is possible to provide for the addition of additional wheels to the oscillator as described without departing from the scope of the invention as defined. by the appended claims. The construction presented offers great flexibility to the watchmaker for arranging the various mobiles of the oscillator according to all the constraints that he must take into account.

[0063] Beyond this optimization of the resonator according to the present invention, not only does the preferred embodiment advantageously combine this resonator with a natural escapement, making it possible to optimize the distribution of the mechanical energy available to the balance, by implementation of two direct impulses during each oscillation of the balance wheel, but in addition the assembly thus formed is arranged within a tourbillon-type device, known for averaging the impact of gravity on the rate of the oscillator over time.

Of course, the foregoing description sets out to describe a particular embodiment by way of non-limiting illustration and the invention is not limited to the implementation of certain particular characteristics which come from be described, such as for example the implementation of a natural escapement, of a tourbillon, the locations of certain wheels, or else the gear ratios or the amplitudes as described. A person skilled in the art would encounter no difficulty in adapting the embodiment described above to make it work with a classic Swiss lever escapement. In particular, it would eliminate the impulse pallets 50 and make the Swiss anchor cooperate directly with the rotary plate 28 and its pin 30.

Claims (16)

1. Resonator, intended to cooperate with an escapement mechanism of a watch movement, comprising – a pendulum (6) intended to pivot on either side of a rest position and present axis oscillations X1, – a balance pinion (20) of axis X1 integral with said balance (6), – an oscillating mobile (22) comprising a set of teeth arranged in mesh with said balance pinion (20) and intended to pivot on either side of a rest position, to present oscillations of axis X2, – an elastic return member arranged to cooperate with said oscillating mobile (22) and tend to bring it back to its rest position, characterized in that said elastic return member is a hairspring (8) arranged to be able to present oscillations of axis X3, distinct from said axis X1, and of different amplitude from the amplitude of the oscillations of said balance wheel (6), preferably lower . 2. Resonator according to claim 1, characterized in that said hairspring (8) comprises a first end region intended to present a fixed position with reference to said axis X1, in the operating configuration, and a second end region arranged to present displacements controlled by the rotation of said oscillating mobile (22). 3. Resonator according to claim 2, characterized in that said axes X2 and X3 are substantially coincident, said second end region of said hairspring (8) being secured to said oscillating wheel set (22) in the operating configuration. 4. Resonator according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises a rotating plate (28) carrying a pin (30), intended to cooperate with the escapement mechanism, and intended to pivot along an axis of rotation distinct from said axis X2. 5. Resonator according to claim 4, characterized in that said plate (28) is arranged along an axis of rotation X4 distinct from said axis X1 and has a kinematic connection with said rocker arm (6). 6. Resonator according to claim 5, characterized in that said plate (28) is integral with a toothed wheel arranged (26) meshing with said balance pinion (20). 7. Resonator according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that it comprises at least one first stop integral in rotation with said balance (6) and intended to cooperate with the escapement mechanism. 8. Oscillator (1) for a watch movement comprising a resonator according to one of claims 1 to 7 associated with an escapement mechanism comprising at least a first escapement wheel (10), integral with an escapement pinion ( 12) intended to receive a torque from a mechanical energy source of the watch movement, as well as a control member arranged to cooperate with said resonator and with said first escapement wheel (10) so as to be able to control the movements of the latter. 9. Oscillator (1) according to claim 8, when the resonator comprises a rotary plate (28) carrying a pin (30), characterized in that said control member is an anchor (38) comprising a fork (40) capable of cooperating with said peg (30), said anchor (38) carrying at least one pallet (42) capable of cooperating with said first escape wheel (10). 10. Oscillator (1) according to claim 9, when the resonator comprises a first stop integral in rotation with said balance (6), characterized in that said first stop defines an impulse pallet (50) capable of cooperating with said first wheel escapement (10) to receive pulses intended to maintain the oscillations of said balance (6). 11. Oscillator (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that said escapement mechanism comprises a second escapement wheel (32) and in that said anchor (38) carries at least a second pallet (42) capable of cooperating with said second escapement wheel (32), said first and second pallets (42) being intended to cooperate alternately with the corresponding escapement wheel (10, 32). 12. Oscillator (1) according to claims 10 and 11, characterized in that said resonator comprises a second stop integral in rotation with said balance (6) and defining a second impulse pallet (50) capable of cooperating with said second wheel. escapement (32) to receive pulses intended to maintain the oscillations of said balance wheel (6). 13. Oscillator (1) according to one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that it is carried by a cage (2) comprising a toothing (14), intended to be kinematically connected to the mechanical energy source of the watch movement, as well as at least one connecting member (4) intended to allow its pivot mounting on a frame of the watch movement to define a tourbillon or a carousel. 14. Watch movement comprising a frame defining a support for an oscillator (1) according to one of claims 7 to 13, as well as for a source of mechanical energy arranged so as to be able to apply a torque to said escapement pinion ( 12). 15. Watch movement according to claim 14, when said oscillator (1) is carried by a cage (2) comprising a toothing (14), intended to be kinematically connected to said source of mechanical energy, as well as at least one member link (4) intended to allow it to be pivotally mounted on the said frame, characterized in that the said frame also carries a fixed ring gear (16) arranged in mesh with the said escapement pinion (12). 16. Timepiece comprising an oscillator (1) according to one of claims 7 to 13.