CH715445A2 - Regulator device for clock movement. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a regulator device (200) for a clockwork movement (300), comprising: - an inertial element (11) of a resonator (10) pivoted about a first axis (A1), the element inertial being inscribed in a first cylinder of diameter D centered on the first axis and the resonator (10) having a first inertia l; - an exhaust mobile (30) pivoted around a second axis (A3), the exhaust mobile being inscribed in a second cylinder of diameter D3 centered on the second axis and having a second inertia I3; - a blocker comprising: • a first blocker mobile (20a) pivoted about a third axis (A2a), inscribed in a third cylinder of diameter D2a centered on the third axis and having a third inertia I2a; and • a second blocker mobile (20b) pivoted around a fourth axis (A2b), inscribed in a fourth cylinder of diameter D2b centered on the fourth axis and having a fourth inertia I2b, the first and second blocker mobiles being arranged so as to cooperate with each other, the regulator device being such that: D2a × | 2a <4.10 - 4 × D × I, and / or D2b × l2b <10 - 4 × D × I, and / or D3 × l3 <7.10 - 5 × D × I.

Description

The invention relates to a regulator device for a clockwork movement. The invention also relates to a watch module comprising such a device. The invention also relates to a watch movement comprising such a device or module. Finally, the invention relates to a timepiece comprising such a device or module or movement.

The majority of mechanical movements include a regulator including a balance-spring type resonator and a Swiss lever escapement cooperating with the resonator. The balance spring constitutes the time base of the movement. The exhaust, for its part, fulfills two main functions, namely to maintain the oscillations of the resonator, and to count these oscillations.

These organs provide essential functions and it is therefore necessary to design organs to avoid any malfunction.

In the case of conventional regulator devices, it is known that an efficient balance-spring has a maximized regulating power so as to have a high quality factor, typically of the order of 320 in the horizontal position of the movement, all minimizing the energy required to maintain its oscillations. On the other hand, it is admitted, as for example explained in the publication of 1969 by Pierre Chopard, entitled "Influence of the geometry of the pendulum on the chronometric performance of the watch", published in the proceedings of the International Symposium on Chronometry , and in the book “Watchmaking construction” (PPUR, 2011) that pendulums of large diameter and low mass have the best performance for a given inertia.

Furthermore, the resonator must have an acceptable size, compatible with the dimensions of a watch movement, in particular of a wristwatch (for example movements having diameters which may be between 20 mm and 35 mm). Typically, a balance-spring type resonator comprises a balance whose diameter is between 7 mm and 12 mm.

The object of the invention is to provide a regulator device for a clockwork movement making it possible to improve the devices known from the prior art. In particular, the invention provides a regulator device whose operation is optimized in terms of reliability, chronometric precision, energy losses, as well as in terms of compactness.

According to a first aspect of the invention, a regulator device according to the invention is defined by claim 1.

Different embodiments of the device are defined by claims 2 to 12.

According to the first aspect of the invention, a timepiece module according to the invention is defined by claim 13.

According to the first aspect of the invention, a timepiece movement according to the invention is defined by claim 14.

According to the first aspect of the invention, a timepiece according to the invention is defined by claim 15.

According to a second aspect of the invention, a device is defined by the following definitions. <tb> 1. <SEP> Regulator device (200) for clock movement (300), comprising: <tb> <SEP> - <SEP> an inertial element (11) of a resonator (10) pivoted around a first axis (A1), the inertial element being inscribed in a first cylinder of diameter D centered on the first axis and the resonator (10) having a first inertia I; <tb> <SEP> - <SEP> an escape wheel (30) comprising an escape wheel (3) and pivoted around a second axis (A3), the escape wheel being inscribed in a second cylinder of diameter D3 centered on the second axis and having a second inertia I3; <tb> <SEP> - <SEP> a blocker (2) comprising: <tb><SEP> <SEP> • <SEP> a first blocker mobile (20a) comprising a first blocker element (2a), the first blocker mobile being pivoted about a third axis (A2a), inscribed in a third cylinder of diameter D2a centered on the third axis and having a third inertia I2a; and <tb><SEP> <SEP> • <SEP> a second blocker mobile (20b) comprising a second blocker element (2b), the second blocker mobile being pivoted about a fourth axis (A2b), inscribed in a fourth cylinder of diameter D2b centered on the fourth axis and having a fourth inertia I2b, <tb> the first and second blocker mobiles being arranged so as to cooperate, in particular by gear, with each other, the axes (A3, A2a, A2b) of the exhaust mobile and of the first and second mobiles of blocker being contained in a cylinder centered on the first axis (A1) and of diameter D ́, with D ́ <D, or even D ́ ≤ 0.9 × D, even D ́ ≤ 0.85 × D. <tb> 2. <SEP> Device according to definition 1, characterized in that the regulator device is such that <tb> <SEP> D2a <0.4 × D, even D2a ≤ 0.35 × D, even D2a ≤ 0.3 × D; and or D2b <0.35 × D, even D2a ≤ 0.3 × D, even D2a ≤ 0.25 × D; and or D3 <0.4 × D, or even D3 ≤ 0.35 × D, even D3 ≤ 0.3 × D. <tb> 3. <SEP> Device according to one of definitions 1 and 2, characterized in that the regulator device is such that D2b × l2b ≤ D2a × I2a. <tb> 4. <SEP> Device according to one of the definitions 1 to 3, characterized in that the regulator device is such that D <5> × f / I> 20.10 <–2> m <3> kg <–1> s <–1> with f being the frequency of the resonator, the frequency preferably being greater than or equal to 4 Hz. <tb> 5. <SEP> Device according to one of the definitions 1 to 4, characterized in that the regulator device is such that D2b <D2a; and or D2b ́ <D3; and or D2a ́ <D3, with: D2a ́ being a diameter of a cylinder on which rests a blocking surface (22a) of the first blocker mobile (20a), and D2b being a diameter of a cylinder on which rests a blocking surface (22b) of the second blocker mobile (20b). <tb> 6. <SEP> Device according to one of the definitions 1 to 5, characterized in that the regulator device is such that 7 mm ≤ D ≤ 11 mm. <tb> 7. <SEP> Device according to one of the definitions 1 to 6, characterized in that the device comprises: <tb> <SEP> - <SEP> on the inertial element, respectively on the first blocker mobile, a tooth (11a) or an ankle (11a) whose flanks comprise a portion of cylinder with an involute profile, and <tb> <SEP> - <SEP> on the first blocker mobile, respectively on the inertial element, a fork (23a) whose flanks comprise a portion of cylinder with an involute profile. <tb> 8. <SEP> Device according to one of the definitions 1 to 7, characterized in that the first blocker mobile, in particular the first blocker element, is made of silicon and / or comprises cutouts (24a) on its board and / or in that the second blocker mobile, in particular the second blocker element, is made of silicon and / or comprises cutouts on its board. <tb> 9. <SEP> Device according to one of the definitions 1 to 8, characterized in that the escape wheel comprises two or three or four teeth. <tb> 10. <SEP> Device according to one of the definitions 1 to 9, characterized in that the tooth (11a) or the pin (11a), the first and second blocker elements and the escape wheel are arranged on the same level or on the same plane (P). <tb> 11. <SEP> Device according to one of the definitions 1 to 10, characterized in that it comprises a resonator of the balance-spring type, the inertial element being a balance. <tb> 12. <SEP> Device according to one of the definitions 1 to 11, characterized in that it comprises an intermediate mobile (40) arranged between a gear train (50) of the movement (300) and the mobile d exhaust, the intermediate mobile (40) comprising a wheel (4) shaped to transmit to the blocker a first force during the exhaust pulse phases and to transmit to the blocker a second force during the exhaust release phases, the first effort being greater than second effort. <tb> According to the second aspect of the invention, a watch module is defined by the following definition. <tb> 13. <SEP> Clock module (67) comprising a device according to one of the definitions 1 to 12, characterized in that the first and second blocker mobiles and the exhaust mobile are pivoted between a first blank ( 6), in particular a bridge (6), and a second blank (7), in particular a bridge (7). <tb> According to the second aspect of the invention, a watch movement is defined by the following definition. <tb> 14. <SEP> Watch movement (300) comprising a watch module according to definition 13 and / or a device according to one of definitions 1 to 12. <tb> According to the second aspect of the invention, a timepiece is defined by the following definition. <tb> 15. <SEP> Timepiece (400), in particular wristwatch, comprising a watch movement (300) according to definition 14 and / or a watch module (67) according to definition 13 and / or a device according to one of the definitions 1 to 12.

Unless technical or logical incompatibility, all combinations of characteristics of the first and second aspects are envisaged.

The attached figures show, by way of example, an embodiment of a timepiece according to the invention. <tb> Fig. 1 <SEP> is a schematic view of the embodiment of a timepiece. <tb> Fig. 2 <SEP> is a detailed view of part of the regulator device according to the embodiment of the timepiece. <tb> Fig. 3 <SEP> is a sectional view along the plane III – III of FIG. 2 of the regulator device according to the embodiment of the timepiece. <tb> Fig. 4 <SEP> is a schematic view of a variant of the embodiment of the timepiece. <tb> Figs. 5 and 6 <SEP> are partial, exploded and perspective views of an embodiment of a device for regulating the timepiece.

An embodiment of a timepiece 400 is described below with reference to Figs. 1 to 6. The timepiece is for example a watch, in particular a wristwatch. The timepiece comprises a watch movement 300. The watch movement can be a mechanical movement, in particular an automatic movement.

The movement may include a timepiece module 67.

The movement 300 or the clock module 67 includes a regulator device 200.

The regulator device 200 includes a resonator 10 and an exhaust 100.

In particular, the regulator device 200 comprises: <tb> - <SEP> an inertial element 11 of the resonator 10 pivoted around a first axis A1, the inertial element being inscribed in a first cylinder of diameter D centered on the first axis and the resonator 10 having a first inertia I ; <tb> - <SEP> an exhaust mobile 30 comprising an escape wheel 3 and pivoted around a second axis A3, the exhaust mobile being inscribed in a second cylinder of diameter D3 centered on the second axis and having a second inertia I3; <tb> - <SEP> a blocker 2 comprising: <tb> <SEP> • <SEP> a first blocker mobile 20a comprising a first blocker element 2a, the first blocker mobile being pivoted about a third axis A2a, inscribed in a third cylinder of diameter D2a centered on the third axis and having a third inertia I2a; and <tb> <SEP> • <SEP> a second blocker mobile 20b comprising a second blocker element 2b, the second blocker mobile being pivoted around a fourth axis A2b, inscribed in a fourth cylinder of diameter D2b centered on the fourth axis and having a fourth inertia I2b, <tb> the first and second blocker mobiles, in particular the first and second blocker elements, being arranged so as to cooperate, in particular by gear, with each other, the regulator device being such that: D2a × I2a <4.10 <–4> × D × I, even D2a × l2a ≤ 3.10 <–4> × D × I, or even D2a × I2a ≤ 2.10 <–4> × D × I; and or D2b × I2b <10 <–4> × D × I, even D2b × I2b ≤ 9.10 <–5> × D × I, even D2b × I2b ≤ 8.10 <–5> × D × I; and or D3 × I3 <7.10 <–5> × D × I, or even D3 × I3 ≤ 6.10 <–5> × D × I, even D3 × I3 ≤ 5.10 <–5> × D × I.

Advantageously, the first blocker mobile 20a, in particular the first blocker element 2a, comprises a first toothing 21a and the second blocker mobile 20b, in particular the second blocker element 2b, comprises a second toothing 21b. These two teeth are arranged to cooperate and produce the gear of the first and second blocker mobiles.

The exhaust mobile 30 may typically include a shaft 31, the exhaust wheel 3 and an exhaust gear 32. In this case, the exhaust wheel 3 and / or the exhaust gear 32 can be brought back on the tree 31 or come from the material of the tree 31.

The first blocker mobile 20a can typically include a shaft 21a on which is attached the first blocker element 2a. A sting can possibly be part of this mobile.

The second blocker mobile 20b may typically include a shaft 21b on which is attached the second blocker element 2b.

The first blocker mobile, in particular the first blocker element, comprises a fork 23a arranged to cooperate with the balance, in particular arranged to cooperate with a tooth 11a or a pin 11a produced on the balance. Alternatively, the tooth or the ankle could be produced on the first blocker mobile, in particular on the first blocker element, and the fork could be produced on the pendulum. Thus, the impulse to the balance spring is achieved through the cooperation of the first blocker mobile and the balance, in particular through the contact cooperation of the fork 23a and the pin 11a.

Studies of the Holder show that the number of teeth of the escape wheel can be minimized so as to guarantee adequate security for the proper functioning of the exhaust device 100. Thus, preferably, the number of teeth 3a the escape wheel 3 is between 2 and 4. Preferably, the number of teeth 3a of the escape wheel 3 is equal to 3.

Furthermore, the minimum value of the diameter D3 of the escapement wheel 3 can be determined geometrically. The escapement wheel teeth are here provided to provide a first function for transmitting torque from the escapement wheel and a second locking function for the escapement wheel. The first torque transmission function of the escape wheel intervenes during the impulse phases of the exhaust device, namely when the escape wheel 3 transmits a torque to the blocker 2 so as to cause and maintain the oscillations. of the resonator 10 by means of the fork 23a of the first blocker mobile 20a cooperating with the pin 11a of the balance wheel 11. During the pulse phases, the end of a tooth 3a of the escape wheel 3 cooperates with the one or the other of the respective impulse surfaces 23a, 23b of the blocker mobiles 20a, 20b, in particular the first and second blocker elements. The second locking function of the escapement wheel occurs during rest positions of the escapement device. In such positions, a distal end of a tooth 3a of the escape wheel is in contact with a blocking surface 22a, 22b of the moving parts 20a, 20b of the blocker 2. Preferably, such a blocking surface of the blocker is concave in order to provide safety in the event of an impact or rebound of the escape wheel. Also preferably, such a blocking surface 22a, 22b of the blocker 2 is formed by two flanks making an angle Y of between 120 ° and 170 °.

The escape wheel and the first and second blocker mobiles are arranged so that the escape wheel, in particular its teeth, cooperate with the first and second blocker mobiles. In particular, the escape wheel and the first and second blocker mobiles are arranged so that the teeth of the escape wheel act by contact on specific surfaces 22a, 22b, 23a, 23b of the first and second blocker mobiles, in particular the first and second blocker elements.

At rest, the end of a tooth 3a of the escape wheel 3 cooperates with one or the other of the blocking surfaces 22a, 22b respective of the blocker mobiles 20a, 20b, in particular the first and second blocker elements. During the pulse, the end of a tooth 3a of the escape wheel 3 cooperates with one or the other of the pulse surfaces 23a, 23b respective of the blocker mobiles 20a, 20b, in particular of the first and second blocker elements.

The operating principle of such an exhaust device is disclosed in the application WO 2013 182 243. As taught in this document, the surfaces 22a, 22b are preferably in the form of concave surfaces, so to optimize the precision in the positioning of the first and second blocker mobiles and of the escape wheel of the exhaust device in the rest phase of the exhaust device 100, and this independently of labels limiting the angular travel of the fork 23a.

Starlets are therefore not necessary. Furthermore, such an exhaust device has a perfectly symmetrical operation, and is not dependent on the adjustment of the penetrations, nor on the positioning of the stars.

It is thus still possible to take advantage of such advantages by optimizing the geometry of the pin 11a and the fork 23a so as to optimize the performance of the exhaust device. To do this, the sides of the dowel and the fork may each comprise a portion of cylinder whose director is an involute of a circle. Such a conformation makes it possible to reach very efficient levels of performance, by minimizing the influence of the angle of lift of the balance wheel on its isochronism performances.

The good performance of the exhaust system can thus allow an increase in the angle of lift of the balance. It is thus still possible to reduce the distance between the axis A1 of the sprung balance and the axis A2a of the first blocker mobile 2a, and therefore the total diameter D2a of the first blocker mobile 2a.

Furthermore, it is also possible to propose a first blocker mobile 20a devoid of sting, due to its operating precision. It is thus still possible to reduce the inertia I2a of the first blocker mobile 20a. This inertia can in particular be minimized by the judicious choice of a low density material, such as silicon for example, to produce the first mobile or the first blocker element, as well as by one or more cutouts 24a made on the board of the first blocker element 2a.

It is also possible to minimize the total diameter D2b and the inertia I2b of the second blocker mobile 20b. Advantageously, the total diameter D2b can be substantially equal to the head diameter D2b ́ of the teeth 21b, with a blocking surface 22b disposed substantially at the level of the diameter D2b ́. In addition, the inertia I2b of the second blocker mobile 20b can in particular be minimized by the judicious choice of a low density material, such as silicon for example, to produce the second mobile or the second blocker element, as well as by a or several cuts, not shown in the figures, made on the board of the second blocker element 2b.

Preferably, the original diameters D2a *, D2b * of the teeth 21a, 21b of the first and second mobiles 20a, 20b are equal in order to minimize the differences in inertia between these two mobiles.

Based on the definition of the blocker mobiles, it is also possible to conform an exhaust mobile 30 of exhaust 3 whose total diameter D3 and inertia I3 are minimized.

Preferably, the axes A3, A2a, A2b of the exhaust mobile and the first and second blocker mobiles are contained in a cylinder centered on the first axis A1 and of diameter D ́, with D ́ <D, or even D ́ ≤ 0.9 × D, even D ́ ≤ 0.85 × D.

More preferably, the regulator device is such that <tb> <SEP> D2a <0.4 × D, even D2a ≤ 0.35 × D, even D2a ≤ 0.3 × D; and or <tb> <SEP> D2b <0.35 × D, even D2a ≤ 0.3 × D, even D2a ≤ 0.25 × D; and or <tb> <SEP> D3 <0.4 × D, even D3 ≤ 0.35 × D, even D3 ≤ 0.3 × D.

Preferably, the regulator device is such that <tb> <SEP> D2b × I2b ≤ D2a × I2a.

More particularly, the regulator device is such that <tb> <SEP> D2b <D2a

Preferably, the regulator device is such that <tb> <SEP> D <5> × f / I> 20.10 <–2> m <3> kg <–1> s <–1> with f the frequency of the resonator, the frequency preferably being greater than or equal to 4 Hz.

Studies of the Holder show that an optimization of the escapement wheel drive leads to a multiplicative train between the exhaust mobile 30 and the first and second blocker mobile 20a, 20b. Thus, knowing that the blocking surfaces 22a, 22b provided for cooperating with the distal ends of the teeth 3a can advantageously be arranged substantially at the diameters D2a ́, D2b ́ opposite the respective axes A2a, A2b, the following conditions are preferably observed: <tb> <SEP> D2b ́ <D3; and or <tb> <SEP> D2a ́ <D3, with: D2a ́ a diameter, relative to the axis A2a, of a cylinder on which the blocking surface 22a of the first blocker mobile 20a rests, and D2b ́ a diameter, relative to the axis A2b, of a cylinder on which rests the blocking surface 22b of the second blocker mobile 20b.

Preferably, the regulator device is such that 7 mm ≤ D ≤ 11 mm. Such a condition advantageously makes it possible to minimize the bulk in the plane of the first and second blocker mobiles and the escapement mobile 30 by confining them under the balance spring (seen along the axis of the balance). This condition is advantageous for movements whose total diameter D * can be between 18 mm and 35 mm, and particularly advantageous for movements of "lady" size whose total diameter D * can be between 18 mm and 22 mm.

Preferably, the tooth 11a or the pin 11a, the first and second blocker elements 2a, 2b and the escapement wheel 3 are arranged on the same level or on the same plane P, as shown in FIG. 3. Thus, the elements 11a, 2a, 2b, 3 can cooperate on a single plane P, that is to say that there is a plane P perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the axes A1, A2a, A2b, A3 and passing by the contact areas between: ankle and fork; the first blocker mobile, in particular the first blocker element, and the second blocker mobile, in particular the second blocker element; the first blocker mobile, in particular the first blocker element, and the escape wheel; the second blocker mobile, in particular the second blocker element, and the escape wheel.

Such a configuration makes it possible to minimize the thickness of the regulator device, in particular to minimize the thickness of the exhaust device, while implementing parts 11a, 2a, 2b, 2c which are flat and the manufacture of which is made easier.

Such a conformation thus makes it possible to free up space in the plane of movement. It notably makes it possible to free up space so as to pivot an intermediate mobile 40 forming an interface between a gear train 50 of the movement 300, in particular between a drive member 5, and the exhaust device 100, as shown in FIG. . 4. Advantageously, this intermediate mobile 40 comprises a wheel 4 which can be shaped to transmit a first force during the pulse phases of the exhaust device and a second force during the phases of release of the exhaust device, the first force being substantially greater than the second effort of the blocker 2. The axis of rotation A4 of the mobile 40 is contained or not within the cylinder C of diameter D ́.

Advantageously, the module 67 comprises a first blank 6, in particular a bridge 6, and a second blank 7, in particular a bridge 7. Advantageously, the first and second blocker mobiles and the exhaust mobile are pivoted between the first blank 6 and a second blank 7. The second blank 7 can, for example, be flat. These first and second blanks can of course comprise pivoting means such as bearings, in particular pivoting stones.

Thus, in the embodiment of FIG. 4, the three mobiles 20a, 20b, and 30 are pivoted by two blanks 6, 7, and the mobile 40 is pivoted by a gear train 8 at least partially pivoting the gear train of the movement.

Preferably, the first and second blanks 6, 7, and at least the mobiles 20a, 20b, 30 constitute a module 67 which can be attached to a plate 9 of the movement 300 as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. Thus, at least the mobiles 20a, 20b, 30 can be assembled independently of the other parts of the movement. Such a solution is particularly advantageous in the case where the mobiles 20a, 20b, 30 are intended to implement, at least partially, an exhaust device intended to equip different movements. Thus, the module 67 can be assembled, checked, lubricated upstream of the final assembly of the components of the movement. Such a solution is particularly advantageous when the elements 2a, 2b, 3 are made of a fragile material such as silicon. Fig. 4 illustrates such a module integrating the mobiles 20a, 20b, 30, the mobile 40 being pivoted by the gear train 8 shown diagrammatically in FIG. 4.

Alternatively, the watch movement 300 includes a plate on which the first and second blocker mobiles and the escapement mobile are pivoted directly. In particular, these different mobiles can be pivoted between the plate and a bridge.

In the various alternative embodiments, the resonator can be of the balance-spring type, or comprising a balance 11 and a balance spring 12. In the case where the inertia element I is a balance, the diameter D can be the diameter of the outer periphery of the pendulum rim. If this serge has protuberances, such as adjustment means for example, the diameter D to be considered will be an equivalent external diameter, obtained by considering a virtual balance with the same inertia I of resonator and with the same section of serge, but without the protrusions on the serge and which generates the same aerodynamic friction.

In the various embodiments, the resonator may alternatively comprise a monolithic structure comprising an inertia element I, the oscillations of which are maintained by flexible blades which can act as a pivoting device for the resonator. In this case, the diameter D relates to the outside diameter of the inertia element I. If this inertia element I has protuberances at its outer periphery, such as adjustment means for example, the diameter D to be considered will be a diameter external equivalent, obtained by considering a virtual inertia element I with the same resonator inertia I and with a geometry of the inertia element I similar to that of the reference inertia element I (obtained by homothety), but without the protuberances on the outer periphery and which generates the same aerodynamic friction.

In the various alternative embodiments, the exhaust can be with indirect impulse, in particular with double indirect impulse, and / or with tangential drive.

In an advantageous variant, the exhaust device, or even the regulator device, can be produced on a module 67 which can be directly attached to a movement or on a frame to constitute a movement.

According to the second aspect of the invention, an embodiment of a regulator device comprises: <tb> - <SEP> an inertia element l 11 of a resonator 10 pivoted around a first axis A1, the inertia element I being inscribed in a first cylinder of diameter D centered on the first axis and the resonator 10 having a first inertia I; <tb> - <SEP> an exhaust mobile 30 comprising an escape wheel 3 and pivoted around a second axis A3, the exhaust mobile being inscribed in a second cylinder of diameter D3 centered on the second axis and having a second inertia I3; <tb> - <SEP> a blocker 2 comprising: <tb> <SEP> • <SEP> a first blocker mobile 20a comprising a first blocker element 2a, the first blocker mobile being pivoted about a third axis A2a, inscribed in a third cylinder of diameter D2a centered on the third axis and having a third inertia I2a; and <tb> <SEP> • <SEP> a second blocker mobile 20b comprising a second blocker element 2b, the second blocker mobile being pivoted around a fourth axis A2b, inscribed in a fourth cylinder of diameter D2b centered on the fourth axis and having a fourth inertia I2b, <tb> the first and second blocker mobiles being arranged so as to cooperate, in particular by gear, with each other, the axes A3, A2a, A2b of the exhaust mobile and of the first and second blocker mobiles are contained in a cylinder C centered on the first axis A1 and of diameter D ́, with D ́ <D, or even D ́ ≤ 0.9 × D, even D ́ ≤ 0.85 × D.

The solutions described above are advantageous because they implement efficient exhaust devices with a high level of efficiency, while minimizing their impact on the isochronism of the resonator. They allow safe and faultless operation to be achieved under all conditions of use, in particular during impacts. To meet these objectives, the tangential drive exhaust device is advantageous because it requires little energy, friction being minimized, as much as possible, between the escape wheel and the blocker thanks to type transmissions. gear. As taught in patent application WO 2017 109 004, the intensity of the release force of such an exhaust device can be significantly less than the intensity of the pulse force of this same device which has the advantage of greatly minimizing its impact on the isochronism of the resonator. Furthermore, such an exhaust device comprises a blocker comprising two blocker mobiles kinematically linked so that if an angular shock acts in one direction on a first mobile, the latter is limited in its movement by the second mobile . By its conformation, such an exhaust device thus presents a safe and faultless operation under all conditions of use, especially during impacts. It is thus still possible to minimize the inertia of the elements taking part in such an escapement device so as to optimize its performance and minimize its influence on the isochronism of an efficient balance-spring.

Throughout this document, by "inertia of the resonator" is meant the inertia of all of the mobile elements of the resonator. In the case of a balance-spring type resonator, all of the mobile elements include in particular the balance 11, the balance spring 12 and the mobile pivoting means, such as, for example, a balance shaft.

Throughout this document, by "mobile" is preferably meant an assembly pivoted about an axis. The whole can be in one piece or consist of several parts fixed to each other or in recessed connection.

Claims (15)

1. Regulator device (200) for a clockwork movement (300), comprising: - an inertial element (11) of a resonator (10) pivoted around a first axis (A1), the inertial element being inscribed in a first cylinder of diameter D centered on the first axis and the resonator (10) having a first inertia I; - an escape wheel (30) comprising an escape wheel (3) and pivoted around a second axis (A3), the escape wheel being inscribed in a second cylinder of diameter D3 centered on the second axis and having a second inertia I3; - a blocker (2) comprising: A first blocker mobile (20a) comprising a first blocker element (2a), the first blocker mobile being pivoted about a third axis (A2a), inscribed in a third cylinder of diameter D2a centered on the third axis and having a third inertia I2a; and A second blocker mobile (20b) comprising a second blocker element (2b), the second blocker mobile being pivoted about a fourth axis (A2b), inscribed in a fourth cylinder of diameter D2b centered on the fourth axis and having a fourth inertia I2b, the first and second blocker mobiles being arranged so as to cooperate, in particular by gear, with each other, the regulator device being such that: D2a × I2a <4.10 <–4> × D × I, even D2a × l2a ≤ 3.10 <–4> × D × I, or even D2a × I2a ≤ 2.10 <–4> × D × I; and or D2b × I2b <10 <–4> × D × I, even D2b × I2b ≤ 9.10 <–5> × D × I, even D2b × I2b ≤ 8.10 <–5> × D × I; and or D3 × I3 <7.10 <–5> × D × I, or even D3 × I3 ≤ 6.10 <–5> × D × I, even D3 × I3 ≤ 5.10 <–5> × D × I. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the axes (A3, A2a, A2b) of the exhaust mobile and the first and second blocker mobiles are contained in a cylinder centered on the first axis (A1) and of diameter D ́, with D ́ <D, even D ́ ≤ 0.9 × D, even D ́ ≤ 0.85 × D. 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the regulator device is such that D2a <0.4 × D, even D2a ≤ 0.35 × D, even D2a ≤ 0.3 × D; and or D2b <0.35 × D, even D2a ≤ 0.3 × D, even D2a ≤ 0.25 × D; and or D3 <0.4 × D, or even D3 ≤ 0.35 × D, even D3 ≤ 0.3 × D. 4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the regulator device is such that D2b × I2b ≤ D2a × I2a. 5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the regulator device is such that D <5> × f / I> 20.10 <–2> m <3> kg <–1> s <–1> with f being the frequency of the resonator, the frequency preferably being greater than or equal to 4 Hz. 6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the regulator device is such that D2b <D2a; and or D2b ́ <D3; and or D2a ́ <D3, with: D2a ́ being a diameter of a cylinder on which rests a blocking surface (22a) of the first blocker mobile (20a), and D2b being a diameter of a cylinder on which rests a blocking surface (22b) of the second blocker mobile (20b). 7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the regulator device is such that 7 mm ≤ D ≤ 11 mm. 8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device comprises: - on the inertia element I, respectively on the first blocker mobile, a tooth (11a) or a dowel (11a) whose flanks comprise a portion of cylinder with an involute profile, and - On the first blocker mobile, respectively on the inertia element I, a fork (23a), the sides of which include a portion of a cylinder with an involute profile. 9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first blocker mobile (20a), in particular the first blocker element (2a), is made of silicon and / or comprises cutouts (24a) on its board and / or in that the second blocker mobile (20b), in particular the second blocker element (2b), is made of silicon and / or includes cutouts on its board. 10. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the escape wheel comprises two or three or four teeth and / or in that the device comprises a resonator of the balance-spring type, the inertia element I being a pendulum. 11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tooth (11a) or the pin (11a), the first and second blocker elements and the escape wheel are arranged on the same level or on the same plane (P). 12. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises an intermediate mobile (40) arranged between a gear train (50) of the movement (300) and the exhaust mobile, the intermediate mobile (40 ) comprising a wheel (4) shaped to transmit to the blocker a first force during the exhaust pulse phases and to transmit to the blocker a second force during the exhaust release phases, the first force being greater than the second force. 13. Clock module (67) comprising a device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and second blocker mobiles and the exhaust mobile are pivoted between a first blank (6), in particular a bridge (6 ), and a second blank (7), in particular a bridge (7). 14. Watch movement (300) comprising a watch module according to the preceding claim and / or a device according to one of claims 1 to 12. 15. Timepiece (400), in particular wristwatch, comprising a timepiece movement (300) according to the preceding claim and / or a timepiece module (67) according to claim 13 and / or a device according to one of claims 1 at 12.