EP2456282A1 - Maillage à écartement à des fins de chauffage, son procédé de fabrication et son utilisation - Google Patents

Maillage à écartement à des fins de chauffage, son procédé de fabrication et son utilisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2456282A1
EP2456282A1 EP10191699A EP10191699A EP2456282A1 EP 2456282 A1 EP2456282 A1 EP 2456282A1 EP 10191699 A EP10191699 A EP 10191699A EP 10191699 A EP10191699 A EP 10191699A EP 2456282 A1 EP2456282 A1 EP 2456282A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating wires
knitted fabric
spacer
fabric
heating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10191699A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2456282B1 (fr
Inventor
Christoph Sven Larsén
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mattes and Ammann GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Mattes and Ammann GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mattes and Ammann GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Mattes and Ammann GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP10191699A priority Critical patent/EP2456282B1/fr
Publication of EP2456282A1 publication Critical patent/EP2456282A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2456282B1 publication Critical patent/EP2456282B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • H05B3/342—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heaters used in textiles
    • H05B3/345—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heaters used in textiles knitted fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/14—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
    • D10B2101/10—Inorganic fibres based on non-oxides other than metals
    • D10B2101/14—Carbides; Nitrides; Silicides; Borides
    • D10B2101/16—Silicon carbide
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/02—Cross-sectional features
    • D10B2403/021—Lofty fabric with equidistantly spaced front and back plies, e.g. spacer fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial
    • D10B2505/08—Upholstery, mattresses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/029—Heaters specially adapted for seat warmers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a spacing knitted fabric for heating purposes according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention is directed to a method for producing such a spacer knitted fabric or knitted fabric according to the preamble of claim 9. Finally, the invention also relates to the use of a spacer knitted fabric or knitted fabric produced in this way.
  • Such a spacer fabric is from the DE 201 00 915 U1 known.
  • the use or use-specific properties of the final product for example spacer knitted fabrics, by the use of different fibers, threads or yarns each having special characteristics (eg natural fibers, synthetics, ceramic, glass or carbon fibers, metallic leads or electrically conductive wires, heating wires) can be controlled and set.
  • special characteristics eg natural fibers, synthetics, ceramic, glass or carbon fibers, metallic leads or electrically conductive wires, heating wires
  • sandwich constructions are addressed in which the loops of the spacer threads are glued or gummed to the upper and lower layers, but without giving details of the details.
  • EP 1 699 266 B1 in such spacer fabrics, the advantages of using carbon filaments as a resistance material, but especially expensive and also sensitive. Basically, it is therefore an object of the invention to provide a reasonably priced spacer fabric or knitted fabric which permits optimum selection from the multitude of possible features and properties, in particular as regards the arrangement of the threads, their material, etc. Also, the best possible loading properties should be achieved with such spacer knits and knitted fabrics without these being susceptible to damage or other failures.
  • the use and the arrangement of the metallic heating wires which are advantageously inserted centrally in the intermediate layer stretched by the knitting or knitting machine, does not lead to a rigid fabric, the seat covers are uncomfortable, and in which the heating wires are susceptible to breakage, but rather to a elastic goods.
  • the elasticity is not reduced by the filaments, because they are particularly cleverly incorporated as weft / insert yarn. Due to the lack of firm connection at least in the areas where no contact is necessary, the flexibility of the textile is respected and damage to the heating wires is largely avoided even in bending of the textile. This allows the use of metallic heating wires without reducing the breaking strength and flexibility. This allows the advantages of flexibility and flexibility to be combined with those of metallic heating wires.
  • Metallic heating wires are barely visible compared to other heating wires, since their diameter or their cross-sectional area can be chosen comparatively low. Also in color, they are less noticeable than, for example, black carbon threads, since their color can be adjusted by the choice of the metal and by coating measures. They are also more robust against buckling. Furthermore, correspondingly fine metal threads on knitting / knitting machines are easier to process. There are no filament breaks As with carbon threads on what reduces the failures and allows for faster production.
  • the heating wires are unmounted in the intermediate layer, which is formed by the spacer threads.
  • Alone for contacting the heating wires can be performed by or in the lower and / or upper layer.
  • contacting at the lateral end of the spacer knitted fabric is also possible.
  • contacting means such as metal combs or wires, may be externally introduced into the spacer knit fabric to contact the heating wires within the intermediate layer. It is also conceivable, for example, to press a metal conductor from above and / or below into the spacer knitted fabric, in particular during the firing or burning of the textile into the intermediate layer.
  • the contact is possible by electrically conductive adhesives.
  • a coated resistance wire is used as the heating wire.
  • the resistance wire can for example consist of copper and be provided as a coating galvanizing.
  • the coating should be corrosion resistant, e.g. Provide protection in contact with perspiration, washing or cleaning.
  • the heating wires are made of copper with a protective coating, z.b. made of zinc.
  • a protective coating z.b. made of zinc.
  • the protective cover ensures a more discreet coloring.
  • the spacer knitted fabric advantageously consists of spun yarns or of mono- and multifilaments, in particular of PET or PP.
  • the heating wires each have a resistance of 400 to 500 ohms / m. With such values, good heating effects can be achieved even at low voltages and easily realizable heating wire surface densities.
  • a Walkerdraht perennial Surprise of 0.5 to 2, in particular 1 Schumacherten per cm is selected. At such densities is the effort of introducing not too high and a sufficiently even heat distribution can be achieved.
  • the thickness of the intermediate layer is advantageously 2 to 50 mm and is adaptable to the requirements. Thicknesses of not less than 4 mm are particularly advantageous. This makes it possible to provide sufficient clearance for the heating wires in the direction of the upper and lower layers.
  • the heating wires according to claim 2 for contacting in at least two spaced-apart and interconnected by the heating wires contact areas on the spacer fabric or knit at least once each led to at least one outer surface of the upper and / or lower layer.
  • the heating wires are guided for contacting in at least two spaced contact areas on the surface of the textile.
  • each heating wire is guided at least once in two contact areas in each case at least once to the surface.
  • the contact regions with the adjacent contact region are each connected to one another by the heating wires.
  • each heating wire in each contact area are routed to the surface at least once, but it is only necessary for each heating wire to be led to the surface at two contact areas. For example, it is conceivable to contact different groups of heating wires at different contact areas. Although it is in principle sufficient to lead a heating wire in the contact area in which it is to be contacted only once to the surface, but it has proven in practice, each heating wire in each contact area in which it is to be contacted to lead to the surface three to twenty times.
  • the contacting by the leading out to the surface can be combined in principle with all other types of contacting mentioned above, but practice has shown that it is particularly advantageous, each heating wire alone To bring out leads to the surface. But even with that, different scenarios can be constructed. Thus, for example, it is possible to guide a first group of heating wires to the outer surface of the upper layer and to guide a second group of heating wires to the outer surface of the lower layer. As a result, different groups of heating wires can be contacted and wired separately.
  • the heating wires are guided by meshing in the upper and / or underlay layer to the surface of the upper and / or lower layer.
  • the heating wires can be passed through the upper and / or lower layer and outside, for example, with a metal conductor, meshed.
  • the meshing of the heating wires represents a particularly simple way of bringing the heating wires out of the intermediate space.
  • the heating wire is thereby fixed at the same time.
  • the heating wires are meshed by Nadelzug, whereby they reach the surface.
  • the heating wire is neither glued nor resinified, but only bound by the mesh.
  • electrical conductors for electrical connection of the heating wires are applied to the at least two contact areas with electrical leads.
  • the electrical conductors which are in particular metal conductors, a low resistance compared to the heating wires, since they are not used for heating, but only for the supply and discharge of electricity become.
  • both the total resistance of the metal conductor is less than that of the heating wires, as well as the resistance of the metal conductor per length less than that of the heating wires.
  • metal conductors By arranging such metal conductors in the contact areas, which connect the individual heating wires connecting to each other, a common supply / discharge for the power can be created.
  • metal foils or metal wires or metallized yarns offer themselves as metal conductors. These can either be placed on the led out in the contact areas heating wires there, for example, sewn or it can also be the heating wires are guided around the metal wires, so the metal wires are placed in particular within a mesh of the heating wires.
  • an insulating layer for the electrical decoupling is applied via the metal conductors.
  • the heating wires run parallel to one another and extend the contact areas perpendicular to the heating wires.
  • the heating wires are corrugated within the intermediate layer.
  • the corrugation runs in particular such that the amplitude extends as far as possible in the direction of the connection between the upper and lower layers.
  • the sides are usually fixed by the spacer threads so far that set in this lateral direction transversely to the direction of connection between the upper and lower layer only small amplitudes of the corrugation.
  • a wavy presence of the heating wires within the intermediate layer has the particular advantage that, in particular in the case of expansions of the spacer fabric or knitted fabric, the heating wires are not stretched, are not subjected to strong tension and therefore do not tear. Even bends can be better through the heating wire be reconstructed if they are wavy in the intermediate layer. Thus, not only the tear strength is increased by the undulating course, but also the flexibility of the spacer knitted fabric or knit much better preserved.
  • the object is achieved by a method according to claim 9.
  • the heating wires by stretched, in particular parallel, insertion as weft / Einlegefäden exclusively located in between an upper and lower layer formed by spacer threads when knitting or working in the Spacer knit or knitted introduced.
  • Stretched insertion is not necessarily a stretched or tensioned insertion.
  • the heating wires are not wavy from the outset. After removal of the finished spacer knitted or knitted fabric of knitting or knitting machine receive the heating wires then by contracting (relaxation) of the knitted or knitted fabric an irregular, wavy course.
  • This can be, for example, stretched knitted or knitted threads or threads that are pulled in retrospect act.
  • the heating wires are guided in at least one contact area at least once to a surface of the spacer knitted fabric or knitted fabric.
  • the provision of only one contact area is particularly useful when working on a circular knitting machine and the contact area is then to be cut and this results in two connected by the heating wires contact areas.
  • the heating wires are advantageously at least twice in the contact area to lead to the surface. Otherwise, it is advantageous to provide at least two contact areas and each filament in at least two contact areas to lead to at least one surface of the spacer knitted fabric or -gestricks.
  • this guiding to the surface is carried out by meshing the heating wire with the lower and / or upper layer or an outer metal conductor.
  • the heating wire is neither glued and resinated, but only incorporated by meshing in the textile and thereby guided to the surface of the textile.
  • the heating wires are meshed only in the at least one contact region and otherwise introduced unmastered in the intermediate layer.
  • the at least one contact region is arranged so that it runs perpendicular to the heating wires and the spacer knitted fabric within each non-terminal contact area, in particular centrally through the at least one contact area, cut perpendicular to the heating wires in at least one path.
  • the non-terminal contact areas are cut perpendicular to the heating wires.
  • Terminal contact areas are to be understood as those contact areas which are provided, for example, on a lateral boundary of a spacing knitted or knitted fabric.
  • the chosen procedure is only suitable if the heating wires, in particular all the heating wires, are guided several times in the contact areas to be cut to the surfaces, so that each heating wire continues to be guided at least at one contact area to at least one surface in the tracks formed by cutting is.
  • heating tracks of 20 to 50 cm can be produced for this purpose.
  • all the heating wires are routed to the surface at least twice, in practice usually from 6 to 40 times per contact area, and the contact areas are then cut centrally and perpendicular to the heating paths.
  • at least one contact area is to be provided for each subsequent heating track.
  • At least one metal conductor is applied from the at least one contact region.
  • one metal conductor is applied per contact area. Should Cutting the metal conductors are avoided, two metal conductors can be arranged per per cut contact area so that the intersection between the two arranged on a contact area metal conductors can be made.
  • An inventive spacer fabric or knitted fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is suitable for heating purposes, for example as upholstery for seats, armchairs and chairs, especially for motor vehicle and aircraft seats as well as for upholstery in the home and business and for medical applications. With such covers a burden is given by the moving or sitting down or raising the persons. In addition, a degree of flexibility is expected for the comfort feeling. Therefore, the spacer knitted fabrics or knitted fabrics according to the invention are particularly suitable for applications in which flexibility is required.
  • FIG. 1 A top layer 14, a bottom layer 16 and an intermediate layer 15 formed of spacer threads 18 can be seen.
  • a heating wire 12 is arranged centrally in the intermediate layer 15. This runs in the intermediate layer 15 wavy.
  • In the contact region 22 of the heating wire 12 is guided by meshing with the upper layer 14 to the outer side of the upper layer 14.
  • a metal conductor 23 which contacts the loop 20 of the heating wire 12.
  • the metal conductor 12 could move freely in the intermediate layer 15 and, due to its wave-shaped arrangement, understand this movement or even avoid it.
  • Fig. 2 shows in the middle of the contact area 22 to the right and left of the contact area 22, the heating wires 12 can be seen, since the upper layer 14 is recessed in this illustration, and thus a clear view of the intermediate layer 15 is possible, in which the heating wire 12 extends.
  • the heating wire 12 is guided in the contact region 22 by loops 20 to the visible outer surface of the upper layer 14.
  • the loops 20 appear in the illustration as points.
  • a center line 24 is shown, along which the spacer fabric 10 is to be cut centrally within the contact area 22.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
EP10191699A 2010-11-18 2010-11-18 Maillage à écartement à des fins de chauffage, son procédé de fabrication et son utilisation Active EP2456282B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10191699A EP2456282B1 (fr) 2010-11-18 2010-11-18 Maillage à écartement à des fins de chauffage, son procédé de fabrication et son utilisation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10191699A EP2456282B1 (fr) 2010-11-18 2010-11-18 Maillage à écartement à des fins de chauffage, son procédé de fabrication et son utilisation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2456282A1 true EP2456282A1 (fr) 2012-05-23
EP2456282B1 EP2456282B1 (fr) 2012-09-12

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111485323A (zh) * 2019-01-29 2020-08-04 米勒纺织品有限公司 间隔织物
US20200263334A1 (en) * 2019-02-15 2020-08-20 Stefan Mueller Knitted spacer fabric for use as heating element

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112011886A (zh) * 2019-05-31 2020-12-01 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 用于产生热和散布热的针织结构
ES2937072T3 (es) 2020-04-03 2023-03-23 Monosuisse Ag Malla espaciadora, en particular para un acolchado de asiento

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29901225U1 (de) * 1998-01-26 1999-05-12 Müller, Peter, 83209 Prien Abstandsgewirke zur Aufpolsterung
DE20100915U1 (de) 2001-01-18 2001-05-23 Schneider Bernhard Preiswerte Herstellung von räumlichen Bauteilen aus Fasern, Fäden oder Garnen mittels Abstandsgestricken
DE102006034719B3 (de) * 2006-06-14 2007-07-26 E. Schoepf Gmbh & Co. Kg Veloursmaterial
EP1699266B1 (fr) 2005-03-04 2007-09-19 Mattes & Ammann KG Tricot conducteur électrique à des fins de chauffage, son utilisation et machine à tricoter
DE102009010415A1 (de) * 2008-03-04 2009-09-10 König & Hohmann & Otto Lübeck GmbH & Co. KG Abstandsgewirke und Wirkmaschine zu seiner Herstellung
DE102009010417A1 (de) * 2008-03-04 2009-09-10 König & Hohmann & Otto Lübeck GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren zur Herstellung mehrerer Sitzheizkissen

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29901225U1 (de) * 1998-01-26 1999-05-12 Müller, Peter, 83209 Prien Abstandsgewirke zur Aufpolsterung
DE20100915U1 (de) 2001-01-18 2001-05-23 Schneider Bernhard Preiswerte Herstellung von räumlichen Bauteilen aus Fasern, Fäden oder Garnen mittels Abstandsgestricken
EP1699266B1 (fr) 2005-03-04 2007-09-19 Mattes & Ammann KG Tricot conducteur électrique à des fins de chauffage, son utilisation et machine à tricoter
DE102006034719B3 (de) * 2006-06-14 2007-07-26 E. Schoepf Gmbh & Co. Kg Veloursmaterial
DE102009010415A1 (de) * 2008-03-04 2009-09-10 König & Hohmann & Otto Lübeck GmbH & Co. KG Abstandsgewirke und Wirkmaschine zu seiner Herstellung
DE102009010417A1 (de) * 2008-03-04 2009-09-10 König & Hohmann & Otto Lübeck GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren zur Herstellung mehrerer Sitzheizkissen

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111485323A (zh) * 2019-01-29 2020-08-04 米勒纺织品有限公司 间隔织物
US20200263334A1 (en) * 2019-02-15 2020-08-20 Stefan Mueller Knitted spacer fabric for use as heating element
CN111575895A (zh) * 2019-02-15 2020-08-25 米勒纺织品有限公司 间隔针织物区段、用于形成加热衬里的方法和内部构件
CN111575895B (zh) * 2019-02-15 2023-11-21 米勒纺织品有限公司 间隔针织物区段、用于形成加热衬里的方法和内部构件
US11828010B2 (en) * 2019-02-15 2023-11-28 Mueller Textil Gmbh Knitted spacer fabric for use as heating element

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2456282B1 (fr) 2012-09-12

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