EP2452118A2 - Pavé lumineux sous forme de pierre artificielle ou de pierre naturelle - Google Patents

Pavé lumineux sous forme de pierre artificielle ou de pierre naturelle

Info

Publication number
EP2452118A2
EP2452118A2 EP10734943A EP10734943A EP2452118A2 EP 2452118 A2 EP2452118 A2 EP 2452118A2 EP 10734943 A EP10734943 A EP 10734943A EP 10734943 A EP10734943 A EP 10734943A EP 2452118 A2 EP2452118 A2 EP 2452118A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stone
luminous element
paving stone
paving
recess
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10734943A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wilfried Blocken
Danny Windmolders
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RECYFOAM SA
Original Assignee
RECYFOAM SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by RECYFOAM SA filed Critical RECYFOAM SA
Priority to EP12157044.4A priority Critical patent/EP2479485A3/fr
Publication of EP2452118A2 publication Critical patent/EP2452118A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C17/00—Pavement lights, i.e. translucent constructions forming part of the surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
    • F21S8/02—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation of recess-mounted type, e.g. downlighters
    • F21S8/022—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation of recess-mounted type, e.g. downlighters intended to be recessed in a floor or like ground surface, e.g. pavement or false floor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S9/00—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply
    • F21S9/02—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator
    • F21S9/03—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator rechargeable by exposure to light
    • F21S9/037—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator rechargeable by exposure to light the solar unit and the lighting unit being located within or on the same housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V33/00—Structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for
    • F21V33/006—General building constructions or finishing work for buildings, e.g. roofs, gutters, stairs or floors; Garden equipment; Sunshades or parasols
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V31/00—Gas-tight or water-tight arrangements
    • F21V31/04—Provision of filling media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2111/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00
    • F21W2111/02—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00 for roads, paths or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/10—Outdoor lighting
    • F21W2131/109—Outdoor lighting of gardens
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21Y2115/15—Organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
    • Y02B20/72—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps in street lighting

Definitions

  • Luminous paving stone in the form of an artificial stone or natural stone in the form of an artificial stone or natural stone
  • the invention relates to a luminous paving stone in the form of an artificial stone or natural stone with a self-sufficient luminous element, wherein the paving stone has at least one luminous element and a stone body, which is realized as a stone body of transparent plastic and / or of a natural stone material and / or a synthetic stone material.
  • the invention further relates to a luminous element, as it can be used in such a stone, as well as it can be used in other applications. It can be used for example in any hole, this hole can be located in a wall, at any point of a building or the like. This light-emitting element can therefore find application in a wide variety of places and not just in a paving stone.
  • the invention still relates to a self-sufficient luminous stone made of plastic, in the electrical components, in particular a photovoltaic cell, a charge storage device, a control device and a lighting means are embedded.
  • the filaments should be self-sufficient. They are supposed to pick up incoming sunlight through a photovoltaic cell during the day and store it in a charge storage unit.
  • a control unit controls the charge. In the dark, the control unit activates a light source, which is supplied with voltage via the charge storage device. As a sensor for darkness, the photovoltaic cell can be used, but it can also be provided a separate light sensor.
  • a paving stone specifically for the lighting function.
  • This has the advantage that the corresponding paving stone can be introduced into the dressing like a normal, regular paving stone. It differs from the other paving stones only in that it has at least one self-sufficient luminous element. It does not differ from the regular paving stones in terms of its contact surfaces with these other stones or joints. He is not as stable as a regu- But it can be upgraded by additional measures, such as reinforcement and / or higher quality concrete or equivalent material in its strength.
  • Such luminous paving stones are preferably suitable for the part of paths in which no major loads of vehicles occur. This paving stones should therefore not be overrun by vehicles as possible.
  • stones are desired that are made entirely of plastic.
  • the plastic surrounds all components of the self-sufficient lamp, as well as in the described luminous element, only that this stone can now be installed directly in a pavement, so it has the size of a regular paving stone.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a luminous element in the form of a luminous paving stone, luminous stone or a luminous element that can be conveniently inserted into existing structures and can be used equally well in new plants, has a permanent embedding and secure connection, which also in large temperature fluctuations will not be damaged and can be used in many ways.
  • This object is achieved by a luminous paving stone according to claim 1, by a luminous element according to claim 21, and by a luminous stone according to claim 24.
  • the invention proposes a standardized luminous element, which is manufactured in a few versions. It has prismatic shape, in particular cylindrical shape. It contains in its interior electrical components, in particular a photovoltaic cell, a charge storage, a control unit and a lighting means. These electrical components are permanently embedded in a transparent plastic, such as polycarbonate.
  • Such a luminous element can be used in any recess, in particular bore, which is introduced into a paving stone, be it an artificial stone or natural stone, or in any other structure, for example in a wall.
  • the recess has a slightly larger dimension than the prismatic body of the luminous element. This fits between element and recess an adhesive, in particular a silicone material. On the one hand this glues the light element with the stone, on the other hand it absorbs all thermal stresses between the two. In this way, the luminous element can be accommodated in any paving stone or in any wall by performing the corresponding recess, in particular bore and uses the light-emitting element. Further steps are not necessary.
  • the luminous paving stone has at least one luminous element of the type described here. It is connected to this luminous element via a layer of adhesive, in particular in silicone. In this case, preferably close off a light exit surface of the luminous element and a top of the paving stone flush. If possible, the adhesive does not protrude against the surface but is flush with it.
  • the luminous element has a length which is slightly shorter than the depth of the recess. This avoids that the luminous element protrudes downwards or backwards relative to the recess.
  • the lighting element is designed in a preferred embodiment so that its electrical components are located substantially in the vicinity of the light exit surface. Below the electrical components, the lighting element is formed only by the plastic material. There, the lighting element can be cut through and shortened in this way, without coming into collision with the electrical components. In this way, the luminous element can be adapted to different thicknesses of stones, walls and the like.
  • 1 shows a perspective view of a luminous paving stone with only one luminous element
  • 2 shows a section along the section line H-II in Fig. 1
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a lighting element, as shown in Figures 1 and 2,
  • FIG. 4 shows a section similar to FIG. 2 through a second embodiment of the paving stone
  • Fig. 5 a section similar to Figure 2 through a third embodiment of the paving stone.
  • the paving stone has a stone body 20 which is made of a material of a natural stone, for example basalt or marble, and / or of a Kunsatsteinmaterial, especially concrete, and / or made of a plastic.
  • the stone body 20 has external dimensions, which preferably coincide with the dimensions of a conventional regular paving stone.
  • the paving stone can be easily introduced into a composite during installation. It can also be retrofitted into an existing area by removing a regular paving stone and replacing it with a luminous paving stone according to the invention.
  • the regular stone without removal from the existing surface can be equipped with a luminous element 22 by a recess 24 is introduced into the regular stone in situ and then in the recess 24 on the one hand an adhesive 26 and on the other hand a luminous element 22 are used.
  • a luminous element 22 can also be subsequently used in an existing surface or even in an existing wall.
  • the lighting elements 22 of the first and second embodiments are separate components that can and should also be sold separately.
  • the luminous element 22 is present only in a few, standardized embodiments, of which Figure 3 shows one.
  • the luminous element 22 has a prismatic body 28, which is delimited by a circumferential side wall 30, a light exit surface 32 and a lower surface 34.
  • the light exit surface 32 and the lower surface 34 have matching shape, preferably circular shape, but there are also rectangular shape and square shape in question.
  • the luminous element 22 has a cylindrical shape with a diameter of about 93 mm.
  • a drill in particular core drill, used with a diameter of 101 mm, such a drill is often already in the relevant companies that make the installation available.
  • the body 28 of the luminous element 22 is made of a transparent, in particular crystal-clear plastic.
  • Polycarbonate and polyacrylic compounds are particularly suitable here.
  • the plastic GTS from Voss Chemie It is a light-stabilized orthophthalic acid resin for the production of Eingello and rigid moldings. Hardening is cold. This has advantages for the embedded electrical components 36. These are located entirely within the body 28. There are no leads, contacts or the like led to the outside.
  • the surface of the body 28 is formed solely by the plastic.
  • the electrical components 36 include in particular a photovoltaic cell 38, a charge storage device 40, which is preferably designed as a capacitor, a control unit 42 and a lighting means 44.
  • light bulbs 44 are in particular LEDs, OLEDs, luminescence and the like in question, at least bulbs that remain substantially cold during light emission.
  • the control unit 42 is connected to the other components 38, 40, 44. It monitors the daytime and nighttime conditions. In daytime charging of the charge storage 40 takes place. As long as sufficient voltage is supplied from the photovoltaic cell 38, the daytime state is present. When the voltage supplied by the photovoltaic cell 38 drops below one certain levels, the controller 42 switches to night mode. Now, the lighting means 44 is connected to the charge storage 40, it takes place a discharge of light. Between nighttime state and daytime state, there is preferably an intermediate area in which neither charging takes place because there is not enough light available for it, nor is there a light emission because it is not yet sufficiently dark.
  • the light-emitting means 44 are usually much smaller in area than the photovoltaic cell 38, in particular in their design as LEDs or OLEDs. Accordingly, they are also shown in Figures 2, 4 and 5. It has been found to be particularly favorable to drill into the photovoltaic cell 38 small passages 50 through which project the bulbs 44, see Figure 4. In this way, the photovoltaic cell 38 can occupy virtually the entire available surface of the light exit surface 32 , especially over 90% of these.
  • the electrical components 36 are arranged relatively close to the light exit surface 32.
  • the distance between the light exit surface 32 and the surface of the photovoltaic cell 38 is as small as possible, it is only a few millimeters, e.g. 1 to 6 mm.
  • the space below the photovoltaic cell 38 is used for the controller 42 and the charge storage 40.
  • the body 28 has no other built-in parts, it consists only of plastic. This means that it can be shortened there.
  • FIG. 3 shows a separating cut 52 in the lower area of the body 28. In this way, it is sufficient to offer only a single length for each of, for example, 3 to 4 configurations or types of the lighting element 22. The user cuts the body 28 to the appropriate length.
  • the recess 24 extends from an upper side 54 of the stone body to an underside 56 of the stone body.
  • the depth of the recess is the was designated from top 54 to bottom 56.
  • the recess 24 has a hole wall, which is cylindrical in the embodiments shown, but it can also be rectangular or square. It can also have other shapes. However, simple shapes with high symmetry, in particular the circular shape, are preferred.
  • the diameter of the recess 24 is slightly larger than the diameter of the body 28.
  • This circumferential gap 58 regardless of the shape has a thickness of at least 1 mm, at most 10 mm, in particular, the thickness is between 2 and 5 mm.
  • the circumferential gap 58 has constant dimensions everywhere and the deviations from the constant dimension are less than 20%, in particular less than 10%.
  • the circumferential gap 58 is filled with an adhesive 26 which hardens, in particular a silicone is used here. Translucent, in particular crystal clear silicones are suitable.
  • the adhesive 26 connects the light-emitting element 22 to the stone body 20. A permanent connection is sought. It is desirable that the connection as possible not at all, at least only with special tools and consuming can be solved again.
  • the adhesive 26 compensates for any thermal expansion differences between the material of the stone body and the plastic material of the body 28.
  • the luminous element 22 is somewhat shorter than the depth of the recess 24. It should be the case that the luminous element 22 does not protrude from the underside 56.
  • the adhesive 26 is preferably an elastomer which combines as permanently as possible and over the entire area with the material of the stone body 22 on the one hand and with the plastic of the body 28 on the other hand. Possibly.
  • An adhesion promoter also called a primer, can be used.
  • a first adhesion promoter is applied to the circumferential side wall 30 of the body 28, a second adhesion promoter is applied to the inner wall of the recess 24. Thereafter, the appropriate adhesive 26 is used.
  • the adhesive 26 is preferably filled by pouring.
  • the paving stone is placed with its upper side 54 down on a smooth surface, it is a luminous element 22 inserted into the recess 24 and is then filled from above, in the later installation position, the pourable adhesive 26. This cures after a certain time, especially in as short a time as possible.
  • the adhesive 26 it is also possible to use a rather mushy, pasty material for the adhesive 26 and to introduce into the recess 24, for example with a trowel. Subsequently, the luminous element 22 is pressed into this mass, supernatant mass is removed in the region of the light exit surface 32 before it hardens. In this procedure, it is advantageous if the recess 24 is closed at the bottom 56 somehow. This is already the case with laid paving stones anyway. It is usually also the case when the recess 24 is inserted into a wall. If necessary, you can close the recess 24 by suitable means on the bottom 56.
  • a significant advantage of the invention is that the luminous element 22 can be introduced into the recess 24 in any mounting position.
  • the adhesive 26 has an optical refractive index which is greater than the refractive index of the plastic by at least 0.5, preferably at least 1, that is, for example. of the casting resin. Then a total reflection is possible and a lot of light is emitted via the light exit surface 32.
  • the adhesive 26 preferably has a significantly lower hardness than the hardness of the casting resin of the body 28 and as the hardness of the material of the stone body 20, in particular, that the adhesive 26 has a Shore A hardness of less than 90 and greater than 25, in particular of smaller as 80 and greater than 30, has.
  • FIG. 4 The embodiment of FIG. 4 will now be described below.
  • the stone body 20 made of a plastic. It can be used, the plastic material of the body 28, but it can also be another, for example, cheaper plastic used.
  • a recess 24 is created. It is, as in the first embodiment, introduced into this a luminous element 22. Again the connection is made via an adhesive 26.
  • the second exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4 additionally has a lower layer 62.
  • It consists of a layer of material which has a desired, in particular uniform, coloring, in particular this material is white.
  • the lower layer 62 is formed by small, white stones, for example in the granulation band 1-3 mm. It can also be used white powder, as is the case in the third embodiment of Figure 5. It is crucial that the backsheet 62 have a regular texture and color that is not substantially different from one luminous paving stone to another luminous paving stone, preferably also not very different from a regular paving stone.
  • the underlayer 62 has two decisive advantages. On the one hand, it acts as a reflective agent, which redirects upward light, in particular scatters, downwards. On the other hand, when the stone body 20 is transparent and preferably crystal clear, it forms a defined base area. As a result, the aesthetic impression that one has when viewed from above the paving stone, not determined by accidental circumstances of the substructure, but always by the lower layer 62. In the first embodiment of the stone body 20 is opaque, in this embodiment, a lower layer 62 is not used ,
  • no separate light-emitting element 22 is used, but instead form lighting element 22 and stone body 20 a unit.
  • the material used for the stone body 20 of the plastic which forms the body 28 in the first two embodiments.
  • no adhesive 26 is used. It is basically a luminous element 22 is produced, which now has the size of a complete paving stone and is no longer designed to be inserted into a recess 24.
  • a lower layer 62 is provided, it now consists of fine, powdery white dust.
  • the backsheet 62 may also be made in the same color as the material of the surrounding paving stones. This occurs self-luminous paving stone according to the third embodiment optically back and is the surrounding regular paving stones more similar.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un pavé lumineux sous forme de pierre artificielle ou de pierre naturelle, qui présente un élément lumineux (22) autonome et un corps de pierre (20). Le corps de pierre (20) présente au moins un évidement (24) s'étendant entre la face supérieure (54) et une face inférieure (56) et conçu pour recevoir un élément lumineux (22). Ledit élément lumineux (22) comprend des composants électriques (36), notamment une cellule photovoltaïque (38), un accumulateur de charge (40), un appareil de commande (42) et un moyen lumineux (44) et présente une longueur ne dépassant pas la profondeur de l'évidement (24). Ledit évidement (24) présente une paroi perforée. Une fente (58) dans laquelle se trouve une matière adhésive (26) est formée entre la paroi perforée et la paroi latérale.
EP10734943A 2009-07-06 2010-07-05 Pavé lumineux sous forme de pierre artificielle ou de pierre naturelle Withdrawn EP2452118A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12157044.4A EP2479485A3 (fr) 2009-07-06 2010-07-05 Elément d'éclairage autarcique et pavé lumineux en forme de pierre artificielle ou de pierre naturelle

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009027489 2009-07-06
PCT/EP2010/059563 WO2011003866A2 (fr) 2009-07-06 2010-07-05 Pavé lumineux sous forme de pierre artificielle ou de pierre naturelle

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12157044.4 Division-Into 2012-02-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2452118A2 true EP2452118A2 (fr) 2012-05-16

Family

ID=42938468

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10734943A Withdrawn EP2452118A2 (fr) 2009-07-06 2010-07-05 Pavé lumineux sous forme de pierre artificielle ou de pierre naturelle
EP12157044.4A Withdrawn EP2479485A3 (fr) 2009-07-06 2010-07-05 Elément d'éclairage autarcique et pavé lumineux en forme de pierre artificielle ou de pierre naturelle

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12157044.4A Withdrawn EP2479485A3 (fr) 2009-07-06 2010-07-05 Elément d'éclairage autarcique et pavé lumineux en forme de pierre artificielle ou de pierre naturelle

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US8672578B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP2452118A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2012532432A (fr)
CN (1) CN102575826A (fr)
AU (1) AU2010270274A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2767448A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011003866A2 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA201200058B (fr)

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US20120114415A1 (en) 2012-05-10
CN102575826A (zh) 2012-07-11
JP2012532432A (ja) 2012-12-13
WO2011003866A3 (fr) 2011-03-31
WO2011003866A2 (fr) 2011-01-13
US8672578B2 (en) 2014-03-18
AU2010270274A1 (en) 2012-02-16
EP2479485A3 (fr) 2013-07-03
EP2479485A2 (fr) 2012-07-25
CA2767448A1 (fr) 2011-01-13
ZA201200058B (en) 2012-09-26

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