EP2448688A1 - Vorrichtung und verfahren zum biegen eines werkstücks - Google Patents
Vorrichtung und verfahren zum biegen eines werkstücksInfo
- Publication number
- EP2448688A1 EP2448688A1 EP10739460A EP10739460A EP2448688A1 EP 2448688 A1 EP2448688 A1 EP 2448688A1 EP 10739460 A EP10739460 A EP 10739460A EP 10739460 A EP10739460 A EP 10739460A EP 2448688 A1 EP2448688 A1 EP 2448688A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bending
- diode laser
- radiation
- bending die
- workpiece
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
- B21D5/02—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves on press brakes without making use of clamping means
- B21D5/0209—Tools therefor
Definitions
- the invention relates to a bending die according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a bending die assembly according to the preamble of claim 28 and a method according to claim 31 using a bending die according to the invention or a bending die assembly according to the invention.
- the bending of workpieces by means of bending presses is a long-standing and frequently used reliable method of machining workpieces by forming.
- the field of application of bending methods is often limited by the material properties, in particular by mechanical-technological properties.
- brittle materials such as magnesium, titanium, spring steels, high-strength Al alloys, high-strength steels or other materials known as brittle, there is the problem that if deformed by bending, these materials do not have sufficient plastic deformability and therefore break or break during the bending process along the forming zone cracks or other undesirable transformations occur.
- a parameter that can characterize the relevant behavior of materials is the so-called breaking elongation, ie the value of the plastic deformation that a work piece to be reshaped can endure up to the occurrence of a break.
- An alternative parameter for this behavior is also the so-called yield ratio, which sets the required tension in a workpiece at the beginning of a noticeable plastic deformation in relation to the stress prevailing in the workpiece at break load.
- EP 0 993 345 A1 discloses a method for bending a workpiece by mechanical force under selective heating of the workpiece along a bending line by laser radiation, in which an elongate radiation field is formed from one or more laser beams and through which Radiation field at all points along the bending line is formed a heating zone on the workpiece.
- the device for shaping the linear radiation field comprises cylindrical lenses and / or cylindrical mirrors with which a radiation field is fed through an opening in the bending die to the tool.
- a laser beam is split by a beam-forming optical system consisting of a prism mirror, two cylindrical lenses and two cylindrical deflecting mirrors into two radiation fields, which are guided by the bending die onto the workpiece and respectively generate a linear heating zone ,
- the thus transformed laser beam is supplied through a slot-like opening in the bottom of the die to the workpiece.
- This solution known from EP 0 993 345 A1 for guiding the high-energy radiation in a bending die is not optimally suited for practical use on conventional bending machines, since the bending die has a limited mechanical stability due to the two-part design and the press beam or press table receiving the bending die Recesses for the beam distribution arrangement would have to. Furthermore, such a distribution of the radiation requires a high quality of the optical elements for the most uniform possible distribution of the beam power of the radiation source in the forming zone of a workpiece.
- the object of the invention is to provide a bending die which can be used for a generic bending method, which can be better used for practical application.
- the object of the invention is achieved by a bending die according to claim 1 or a bending die arrangement according to claim 28.
- the distributed generation of high-energy radiation within the bending die avoids a safety-critical use of highly concentrated bundled beams, which is why, when using such a bending die, the protective measures required for an operator in the environment of such a bending die tend to be less complicated.
- diode laser bars as radiation sources is particularly advantageous for local heating of sheet metal workpieces, since in this case energy densities of the radiation are present, which can cause a sufficiently rapid heating, but destruction of the workpiece by a too long exposure time is hardly possible or serious injury to an operator in the event of unforeseen Radiation leakage through the limited energy density are less likely.
- the irradiation of a workpiece and the local temperature increase caused thereby takes place at least until the material has reached the formability required for the bending process.
- the laser radiation can be maintained until after the start of the bending process or until after the completion of the bending process, in particular to avoid the possibly occurring at high degrees of deformation cracks in the workpiece and / or the effect of a local heat treatment of the formed material - for example Reduction of tension - to achieve.
- the diode laser bars are mounted on a carrier element and thereby a coherent diode laser insert is formed, which is exchangeably fixed in the tool body.
- a coherent diode laser insert is formed, which is exchangeably fixed in the tool body.
- die widths can also be realized by plug-on or exchangeable inserts or adapters, which are easily detachably fastened to the upper side of a bending die.
- the carrier element is preferably made of plastic, in particular PEEK plastic, whereby the individual diode laser bars can be galvanically independent of each other to form a unit.
- the diode laser bars of a bending die or of a diode laser insert are advantageously electrically connected in series with each other, which ensures that each diode laser bar is traversed by the same current and emits the same radiation power. Furthermore, a failure of individual diode laser bars can be more easily detected by the series connection, since in this case none of the diode laser bars emits radiant power and this can be detected more easily and quickly than if only one diode laser bar emits no radiation power and only parts of the deformation zone are not heated sufficiently.
- the current connection between two adjacent diode laser bars may be formed by a positive pole of one diode laser bar to a negative pole of the other diode laser bar, preferably by a diagonal contact element, in particular of a Cu alloy.
- Such diagonal contact elements have a large electrically conductive cross-section, as a result of which only small current losses occur and because of their high mechanical strength they can also contribute to the mechanical stability of a diode laser insert or a bending die according to the invention.
- the laser diode arrays of the diode laser bars are mounted on cooling elements or microchannel coolers, these can be used as an electrical connection pole and the contact elements deactivate a laser diode arrangement by a contact touched two adjacent microchannel element and thereby a direct current flow can be made to the laser diode array over.
- switchable contact elements are mounted with which individual diode laser bars of several series-connected diode laser bars can be deactivated by direct bridging between corresponding same poles of adjacent diode laser bars.
- individual diode laser bars can be quasi bridged, and thereby the radiation of the totality of the diode laser bars emitted from the beam exit opening of the bending die can be adapted to the geometry, in particular the bending length of a workpiece to be bent, by diode laser bars whose radiation is not incident on the Workpiece would be bridged and thereby deactivated.
- the contact elements can be adjustable in particular by means of piezo actuators between a neutral position and a bridging position.
- piezo actuators are readily available in many different types and can be installed in a very small footprint within a Biegegesenks for actuating the contact elements.
- bending piezo actuators can advantageously be used, which engage radially with its free, movable end in a contact element and a bending movement of the movable end causes an axial displacement of the. Contact element.
- a simple and effective arrangement of the contact elements is achieved if they are so positioned and adjustably mounted with respect to adjacent diode laser bars that they are suitable for establishing an electrical connection between corresponding poles of adjacent diode laser bars or between adjacent diagonal connector elements. As a result of this arrangement of the contact elements, a short circuit is produced between identical poles of adjacent diode laser bars, thereby deactivating a diode laser bar.
- the contact elements may further be so adjustably mounted in the bending die, that caused by a spring element basic position an electrical bridge between two causes adjacent diode laser bar, which is interrupted only by activation of the piezo actuators, ie without activation of the piezo actuators remains the corresponding diode laser bar inactive and does not emit laser radiation.
- This storage of the contact elements also serves to increase the safety of work, as in case of a defect on a piezo actuator unwanted laser radiation is emitted.
- the diode laser insert can be used as a normal diode laser insert without partial shutdown. In this case, in the basic position of a contact element, the bridging would have to be open so that the diode laser bars are not bridged.
- a beam-shaping element in particular a cylindrical lens with a curvature axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the strip-shaped beam exit surface, can be arranged on or in the beam path after the beam exit surface of the diode laser bar reduces a beam spread across the propagation plane of the beams or the fan beams, so a so-called fast-axis collimation is effected.
- a beam expansion within the beam propagation plane or the plane of the diode laser bars is harmless in most cases, since this generally does not adversely affect the distribution along the bending recess.
- cylinder lens elements can also be provided for achieving a slow-axis collimation, with which a beam expansion within the beam propagation plane is also reduced.
- the axis of curvature of the cylindrical lenses for the slow-axis collimation stands approximately perpendicular to the beam propagation plane of the fan beams.
- An advantageous embodiment of the bending die is that an air connection with adjoining air duct or flow path is provided on the tool body, can be supplied by the scavenging air in the region of the bending recess under the workpiece or between the diode laser bar and the Strahlenaustrittsöffhung or between the diode laser bars and the workpiece , and this leak again elsewhere.
- the air duct delimiting parts of the tool body are cooled and can further be a deposit of dust or other contaminants in the Strahltre- reducing channels or at the optical elements within the bending die.
- the contact surface of the bending die is advantageous for the contact surface of the bending die to be formed by a material having a lower thermal conductivity than that of the tool base.
- the abutment surface can be formed for example by strip-shaped PEEK plastic elements or other heat-insulating materials, which are attached to the top of the tool body. The effective after the beginning of the conversion points of the bending recess on Biegegesenk can be formed for reasons of stability of the tool body itself.
- the tool body itself can be formed by a metal with a thermal conductivity ⁇ smaller than conventional steel with about 45 W / Km
- the material of the tool body can alternatively or additionally a thermal expansion coefficient ⁇ smaller than conventional steel (about 0.00002 l / K) , whereby heating-related geometric shape changes of the bending die are reduced.
- the diode laser bars with their effective beam exit surfaces are preferably arranged parallel to the elongated bending recess, whereby the beams emitted by the individual diode laser bars are substantially directly or after passing through a beam influencing arrangement substantially in a common Run the beam plane out of the beam exit opening to the bend line on the underside of the workpiece.
- a beam influencing arrangement substantially in a common Run the beam plane out of the beam exit opening to the bend line on the underside of the workpiece.
- another orientation of the diode laser bars is also conceivable, for example a roof tile-like overlapping of the radiation exit surfaces in plan view.
- the tool base body comprises at least two planar tool sections which are parallel to each other and spaced apart, between which the diode laser bars and any subsequent optical components are positioned.
- the radiation source and the means for influencing the laser radiation are thereby largely enclosed in the interior of the tool base body and the rays extend to the exit from the radiation outlet opening within the tool base body, whereby a user potentially endangering uncontrolled radiation leakage is largely avoided.
- the tool base body has by the flat tool sections a U-shaped cross section, wherein the diode laser bars and possibly existing subsequent optical components in
- the mechanical strength of the bending die according to the invention can be substantially increased, in particular in the case of a U-shaped cross section of the tool body, if at least one spacer element and at least one clamping element that clamps the tool base against the spacer element are arranged between the diode laser bars and the radiation outlet opening.
- a widening of the bending die by the bending punch and the workpiece during the bending operation can be counteracted, and this is the better, the closer the spacer element or the spacer elements are positioned on the contact surface.
- these spacer elements provide additional security against penetration of the bending punch into the interior of the bending die, which could destroy this and in particular the diode laser bars.
- the spacer elements can also be made of transparent glass for the wavelength and lie in the beam path, so that by means of an appropriate shaping of the same further beam shaping is possible. In particular, these could be cylindrical diverging lenses.
- the clamping elements can also be designed as a simple form-locking connection, or as latching elements, which allows a mating of the two tool halves.
- the laser radiation through beam deflection means at least approximately completely past the spacer (s) to the beam exit aperture. is directed.
- the spacer elements As a result, as little radiant energy as possible is absorbed by the spacer elements, and as large a proportion of the radiant power as possible is available for the heating of the workpiece.
- the surface of the spacer facing the beam exit opening is made mirror-like, whereby the radiation reflected by the workpiece on these mirrored surfaces hits is reflected back to the workpiece.
- a very high proportion of the laser radiation can be used for locally heating the forming zone even on workpiece surfaces with a high degree of reflection.
- this can be closed by at least one radiation-permeable cover. Due to a partially reflecting surface, this can also help to reflect laser radiation reflected back from the workpiece back to it.
- the cover element may comprise a scattering lens, be arranged in addition to such or be formed by such, whereby a further fanning of the laser beams can take place and the radiation power along the forming zone or bending line can be evenly distributed.
- the scattering lens may possibly, as explained above, simultaneously assume the function of a spacer.
- At least one adjustable shielding is provided for covering not uncovered from the workpiece sections in an advantageous embodiment of the bending die between the beam outlet opening and contact surface.
- This shielding element can be designed as a slide which is adjustable along the bending recess, and thereby depending on the bending length of the workpiece of the uncovered by this part of the bending recess of the Ableele- ment is covered and thereby at least a direct escape of radiation can be avoided in addition to the workpiece.
- control device used for this purpose can be realized by the control device of the bending press as well as by the control device of the radiation source or a separate control device.
- the exposure time can also be set or automatically controlled with the aid of a temperature measurement in the forming zone by measuring the temperature in the forming zone continuously, non-contact or touching or tactile with a thermocouple during irradiation of a workpiece and by the control device depending on the measured temperature and depending on a preset target temperature, a bending process is triggered, accelerated or reduced or increased by the control device, the laser radiation by activating or deactivating one or more diode laser bars, reduced or disabled.
- the heating phase and / or the deformation phase can thus be optimally adapted to the material-specific requirements, and such a bending process using the bending dies according to the invention is particularly advantageous.
- thermometers By measuring the temperature at several positions, the temperature distribution along the bending line can also be approximated and, if necessary, corrected.
- Infrared thermometers, radiation pyrometers or thermal imaging cameras are used as the measuring method for non-contact temperature measurement.
- Tactile temperature sensors offer integrated thermocouples, in particular in the bending punch or the bending die.
- the tool base body has, at its end section facing away from the bending recess, a connection profile that can be received in a standard tool receptacle of a press brake.
- This connection profile can have additional recesses or grooves, which can cooperate with any latching elements that may be present in the tool receptacle.
- interfaces for connecting and / or forwarding cooling air or cooling liquid and / or power flow and / or control current are formed on the tool base body or diode laser insert.
- these interfaces can be formed by plug-in connections which are arranged on the end faces of the tool base body or of a diode laser insert of the bending die and thereby connections between adjacent bending dies are produced automatically when rows of bending dies are juxtaposed.
- plug-in connections which are arranged on the end faces of the tool base body or of a diode laser insert of the bending die and thereby connections between adjacent bending dies are produced automatically when rows of bending dies are juxtaposed.
- For the connection of channels for coolant corresponding openings can be pressed against the end faces of adjacent Biegegesenke against each other, which can be ensured for example by arranged outside the openings O-ring seals a tight connection.
- a bending die according to the invention can also be embodied such that the tool base body comprises a die adapter which forms the contact surface and the bending recess and which is replaceably arranged on the remaining part of the tool base body containing the diode laser bars.
- the tool base body can be adapted to different bending tasks by exchanging the die adapter; in particular, the die width can be modified, which substantially increases the range of use of such a bending die.
- such a bending die which is relatively expensive due to the built-in diode laser bar, can be used more frequently and thus more economically.
- bending dies In order to reshape workpieces whose bending length exceeds the length of a bending die, several bending dies according to the invention can be connected directly adjacent to one Biegegesenkan- order, in particular embodiments of Biegegesenke or diode laser inserts with frontal connectors for cooling water and / or power and / or Control current are suitable because in this case the connection to a functioning Biegegesenkan himself can be done very easily and quickly.
- adjacent and aligned bending dies can be axially braced against one another with their end faces by means of at least one axially acting clamping element, as a result of which the stability of such a bending die arrangement is increased and further reduces or prevents radiation leakage in the region of the end faces.
- Part of the invention is also a method for bending a sheet-like workpiece with local heating of the workpiece in the region of a bending line by means of emerging from a bending die laser radiation, wherein the heating by means of a bending die according to the invention or a Biegegesenkan extract invention takes place and during the heating by laser radiation, the temperature of the workpiece is measured at the bending line and fed as a measured value to an electronic control device which triggers, accelerates or retards a bending process as a function of the measured temperature and / or increases, reduces or deactivates the laser radiation by activating or deactivating one or more diode laser bars.
- the method can be advantageously carried out so that the workpiece before the action of the radiation by the bending punch a small, in particular only elastic, subjected to bending bending and fixed in this position by the punch, only then followed by the heating by discharging radiation the bottom of the workpiece is activated, and after a predetermined period of time from activation of the radiation, which may also be zero, or from reaching a certain temperature of the workpiece in the forming zone, the bending deformation is continued, the radiation until or until just before completion the bending deformation remains activated.
- a predetermined period of time from activation of the radiation which may also be zero, or from reaching a certain temperature of the workpiece in the forming zone
- the activation of the laser radiation with the resulting heating of the workpiece in the forming zone increases the plastic deformability of the originally brittle workpiece only after a time delay, with continued or interrupted punch movement, and the bending process can also be continued into the region of high degrees of deformation without cracks or Fractures in the material occur.
- the punch movement can thus be carried out without interruption or else with an interruption within which a certain temperature level of the forming zone is reached.
- a temperature monitor used for this purpose can also ensure that the laser radiation is activated and effective, which can be elegantly excluded accidental cold forming.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a bending tool assembly for forming a
- Workpiece comprising a bending die according to the invention and a bending punch; 2 shows a section through the bending die in FIG. 1 along line II-II with schematically represented distributed generation of high-energy laser radiation within the bending die;
- FIG. 3 shows a view of a partially assembled diode laser insert with a plurality of diode laser bars with cooling elements in the form of microchannel coolers, suitable for use in a bending die according to FIG. 1 or FIG. 2;
- FIG. 4 shows a partially assembled diode laser insert according to the embodiment in FIG.
- Fig. 5 is a partially assembled diode laser insert according to the embodiment in the
- FIGS. 3 to 5 shows a fully assembled diode laser insert according to the embodiment in FIGS. 3 to 5;
- FIG. 7 shows a section through a bending die in a further embodiment with a schematic representation of the beam guidance within the bending die
- 8 shows a section through a bending die in a further embodiment with a schematic representation of the beam guidance within the bending die
- 9 shows a section through a diode laser insert with means for switching off individual diode laser bars, suitable for use in a bending die according to FIGS. 1, 2, 6; 7; 8; 10; 10 shows a section through two juxtaposed bending dies of a bending die arrangement with means for mutual axial clamping and a possible embodiment of a connection interface for cooling liquid.
- the indication 1 to 10 should be understood to include all sub-ranges, starting from the lower limit 1 and the upper limit 10, i. all sub-areas begin with a lower limit of 1 or greater and end at an upper limit of 10 or less, e.g. 1 to 1.7, or 3.2 to 8.1 or 5.5 to 10.
- a bending tool assembly 1 is shown, which is suitable for bending a workpiece 2 using one or more bending dies 3 according to the invention.
- the bending tool assembly 1 comprises at least one bending die 3, which is arranged on a partially indicated, fixed first press bar 4 or press table of a bending press or a press brake and only partially in Fig. 1 indicated bending punch 5, which is arranged on an adjustable second press bar, not shown and together with it to carry out a bidding Geumformung in adjustment 6 is mounted adjustable.
- the bending die 3 comprises a tool base body 7 which substantially corresponds in its external dimensions to a conventional bending die.
- the bending die 3 preferably has a connection profile 8 which is suitable for being received in a standard tool receptacle 9 of a press beam 4.
- the bending recess 11 is formed as a V-groove 12 and the bending die 3 thus formed by a V-die 13, but there are also deviating shapes of the bending recess possible, as long as they are suitable, the so-called free bending
- the punch 5 to allow bending with support of the workpiece on two lines of the bending die 3 and approximately linear load by the punch 5.
- U-shaped or rectangular bending recesses are also conceivable.
- the bending punch 5 has a wedge-shaped cross section whose wedge angle corresponds approximately to the angle of the V-groove 12 and is arranged at least approximately in the plane of symmetry of the bending recess 11.
- the bending process that can be carried out with such a bending tool arrangement 1 is also referred to as folding, and can be carried out as a bending or as a stamping bending.
- the vertical plane of symmetry of the bending recess 11 in FIG. 1 is referred to as the bending plane 14 and its point of intersection with the contact surface 10 as the bending line 15, wherein the bending plane 14 in the exemplary embodiments simultaneously coincides with a plane of radiation within which the high-energy radiation largely passes ,
- the bending line 15 thus runs in the middle of a forming zone 16 of the undeformed workpiece 2, in which the plastic deformation of the workpiece 2 takes place during the bending operation.
- the method according to the invention before or during the forming by a radiation outlet opening 17 indicated by dashed lines high-energy radiation 18 in the region of the forming zone 16 on the bottom 19 of the An plantflä- che 10 adjacent workpiece 2 passed, whereby this is locally heated strongly and thereby the mechanical-technological properties are changed so that the bending deformation can be done with the required quality of the finished workpiece 2.
- the method according to the invention is preferably used for brittle materials in which a lowering of the yield strength or the proportional limit can be achieved by heating the material and the workpiece 2 can thus withstand the stresses required for plastic deformation - now at a lower level - without the Exceed strength limits.
- the high-energy radiation 18 is formed by laser radiation from a plurality of diode laser bars 20, which are arranged within a bending die 3.
- diode laser bars 20 are arranged within the bending die 3, which are fastened to a common carrier element 21 and together with the carrier element 21 are part of a diode laser insert 22, preferably as a laser unit in the tool main body 7 of the bending die 3 interchangeable, attached.
- other numbers of diode laser bars 20 can also be included in a bending die 3 according to the invention, the respective number of diode laser bars 20 contained in a bending die 3 and their dimensions determining the die length 23.
- the bar width 24 of the diode laser bars 20 used are not available in any size and bar widths of about 5 mm to 20 mm and billet numbers of 2 to 16 or 32 pieces are possible result Gesenkin 23 in a wide possible lent range between about 10 mm and 400 mm or 640 mm.
- Such diode laser bars 20 are electrically and optically grouped groups of laser diodes, which are formed as strip-shaped components.
- the laser diodes emitting the laser radiation are arranged at one end of such a strip-shaped diode laser barrel and emit their laser radiation essentially in the longitudinal direction of such a strip.
- the radiant power of such a diode laser bar 20 is made up of the sum of the individual powers of the laser diodes, which are electrically parallel and generally on a heat sink or a heat sink which forms the main body of the strip diode. Formed fbrmigen component, mounted.
- Such diode laser bars 20 are also referred to as edge-emitting broadband chips and can be used both in the continuous wave (continuous wave) mode, in which a laser diode continuously emits a laser beam without interruption or pulsed in the operating mode, in which temporally short laser beam pulses are delivered.
- the diode laser bars 20 comprise, for example, about 45 individual emitters each and have an optical output power in a range of 150 watts to 250 watts, whereby even higher powers per diode laser bar 20 are possible by special designs.
- the bar width 24 or the width of the body of a diode laser bar forming heat sink or Mikrokanalküh- lers is for example about 11 mm and the laser beam emitting laser bar has a width of about 10 mm, the emitting effective width is slightly smaller ,
- eight such diode laser bars 20 can thus be used with a small spatial spacing of the adjacent diode laser bars 20 in a bending die with a Gesenkl length of, for example, 100 mm.
- the wavelength of the emitted laser radiation is, for example, 940 nanometers, but depending on the doping of the semiconductors of the laser diodes also other wavelength ranges such as 635-700 nanometers; 780-1000 nanometers and 1250-1700 nanometers wavelength are possible, whereby this is largely infrared radiation, ie located outside the visible range spectral ranges.
- Each diode laser bar 20 has a pointing in the direction of the beam exit opening 17 beam exit surface 25, at which the laser beams generated by the individual laser diodes of a diode laser bar 20 substantially all emerge approximately in the parallel direction and form a fan beam 26 by the uniform arrangement of the laser diodes, consisting of a row consists of at least approximately parallel laser beams. Since the individual diode laser bars 20 are mounted along the bending recess 11 behind the radiation outlet opening 17, in this case below the radiation outlet opening 17 in a common plane, the radiation shafts 26 emitted by the individual diode laser bars 20 are also at least approximately in a plane which is also known as Radiation level can be called.
- This plane is in the illustrated embodiment substantially identical to the bending plane 14, but can also take an angle to this, as long as in the region of the bending line 15 and the forming zone 16 on the workpiece during a Biegevor- gangs sufficient radiation power can be introduced.
- the radiation plane can be tilted slightly backwards, so that possibly emerging radiation strikes the upper tool on the rear side and the scattered radiation then emerging into the bending press is reflected away from the operator.
- the radiation impinges on the undeformed workpiece slightly offset behind the bending line, but this is not a serious disadvantage because of the good heat conduction of most materials to be bent.
- a juxtaposition of several diode laser bars 20 with lying in a plane and each other approximately parallel fan beams 26 to a diode laser insert 22, in particular with means for dissipating the heat loss, is also referred to as a horizontal stack.
- the laser beams emitted by the laser diodes do not have the shape of a geometrically exact line (Z direction) but due to the generally asymmetric shape of the active emitter region in both the X direction and Y direction may have different beam expansion and the output beam in addition can also be astigmatic, whereby the beam waist with respect to the X direction and the Y direction are at different locations, there is an inevitable beam expansion, which can be counteracted by measures described later, however.
- diode laser bars 20 without influencing or correcting the beam shape, optical elements.
- the widening of the fan beams 26 within the beam plane, in this case the bending plane 14, indicated in FIG. 2 also serves the uniformity of the total radiation intensity on the workpiece 2, since no radiation power is emitted in the intermediate spaces between two adjacent beam exit surfaces 25 of adjacent diode laser bars 20, and In the case of strictly parallel beam propagation, regions of the deformation zone 16 above these interspaces may possibly be heated to a lesser extent, as a result of which the bending quality could be impaired.
- the radiation exit surface 25 of the diode laser bars 20 extends at least approximately to the entire bar width 24 and between adjacent diode laser bars 20 as possible small spaces are provided.
- the diode laser bars 20 are therefore arranged as closely as possible in the longitudinal direction 27 of the bending recess 11 behind the beam exit opening 17 and as evenly as possible.
- FIG. 2 further shows a connection interface 28, with which the diode laser insert 22 is supplied with current for the diode laser bars 20 as well as cooling liquid for the cooling elements or heat sinks contained in the diode laser bars 20, for example in the form of micro channel coolers.
- connection interfaces 28 can be provided at any desired position on lateral end faces or front or rear sides of the bending die 3, however, an arrangement at or near a front end face 29 of the bending die 3 is advantageous, either on the tool base body 7 or on a diode laser insert 22 in this case, two adjacent bending dies 3a and 3b can be connected to each other by means of mutually facing and cooperating connection interfaces 28, whereby either the supply flow and / or cooling liquid can be forwarded from one bending die 3 to an adjacent bending die 3.
- a forwarding of electricity and / or cooling liquid between adjacent bending dies 3 is also possible with suitable, external connection lines, wherein for the implementation of Bending required clearance for the insertion of a workpiece is thereby preferably not reduced.
- connection interfaces 28 may in particular comprise connectors 30, with which adjacent bending dies 3a and 3b automatically establish the necessary connections for the forwarding of electricity and / or cooling liquid by means of axial joining.
- Cooperating terminal interfaces 28 include cooperating, opposite the Stirnend constitutional 29 projecting connector 30 and the other Biegegesenk a corresponding insertion opening 31.
- connection interfaces 28 when using the connection interfaces 28 for forwarding of cooling liquid between adjacent Biegegesenken 3a and 3b are inserted therein connector 30 and the Einstecköffhungen 31st or the Stirnend vom 29 provided corresponding to simple corresponding openings with corresponding O-ring seals, which prevent uncontrolled leakage of coolant at the joints of the bending dies 3a, 3b.
- FIG. 3 shows a carrier element 21 equipped with six of eight diode laser bars 20, as may be contained in a diode laser insert 22 according to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the carrier element 21 is essentially a cuboid basic body whose longitudinal axis 32 extends parallel to the bending line 15 or the longitudinal direction 27 of the bending recess 11 and on which at least two diode lasers 20 are arranged in the illustrated embodiment.
- a diode laser bar 20 shown in this exemplary embodiment comprises as a base body a strip-shaped heat sink 35, which is designed in particular as a micro channel cooler 36.
- a micro channel cooler 36 consists of a layering of highly heat-conductive metal sheets in which a plurality of channels are formed, which can be flowed through by a cooling liquid and thereby a high heat dissipation from the diode laser. allow serbarren 20. This is necessary because the laser diode arrangement 37 arranged on the heat sink 35 or the microchannel cooler 36 can not completely convert the supplied electrical energy into high-energy radiation 18, but instead always produces a certain amount of waste heat which is dissipated by the laser diode arrangement 37. must be in order to prevent overheating of the semiconductor elements contained therein.
- the supply of electrical energy to a diode laser bar 20 and the laser diode array 37 disposed thereon takes place in the form of direct current or pulsed, rectified alternating current, in the illustrated embodiment, the heat sink 35 acts as positive pole 38 and separated by an insulating layer 39 of this negative pole 40 in the form of a patch on the heat sink 35 contact plate 41 is executed.
- the cooling liquid for heat dissipation from the diode laser bars 20 is supplied in the illustrated embodiment by the support member 21 to the heat sinks 35 and also discharged again.
- a cooling liquid inlet channel 42 parallel to the direction of the longitudinal axis 32 and a cooling liquid outlet channel parallel thereto are formed in the carrier element 21, wherein the higher pressure of the cooling liquid prevails in the cooling liquid inlet channel 42.
- a connecting bore 44 branches off at each diode laser bar 20, which leads to the attachment surface 33 and to the heat sink 35 of a diode laser bar 20 which is in each case applied to it.
- the cooling liquid flows through a further connecting hole 45 to the coolant discharge channel 43 through which the cooling liquid from the diode laser insert 22 and thus also from the bending die 3 is discharged.
- a so-called micro channel cooler 36 is used as the heat sink 35, which is an example of an active cooling element, but it is also possible to accomplish the dissipation of the heat loss of the laser diode array 37 by other cooling elements, such as passive heat sink, etc ..
- the support member 21 may be made of various materials, such as metal, preferably stainless steel, which is characterized by good heat conduction and further supports the dissipation of heat loss.
- the heatsinks 35 can act as electrical poles of the diode laser bars 20, an insulating layer is provided on the carrier element 21 in a metal carrier element 21 between the diode laser bars 20 and the mounting surface 33.
- An embodiment of the carrier element 21 made of PEEK plastic (polyether ether ketone) is also particularly advantageous. These plastics are resistant to a large number of chemicals and therefore do not restrict the choice of usable cooling liquid. Furthermore, PEEK plastics are very heat-resistant with melt temperatures of over 300 ° C and, in use, can withstand temperatures of over 200 ° C.
- PEEK plastic has electrically insulating properties, as a result of which adjacent diode laser bars 20 are galvanically separated from one another even without additional insulating materials.
- normal water but preferably distilled or deionized water, can be used as the cooling liquid, which is characterized by very high heat capacity and therefore good heat dissipation.
- FIG. 4 shows the carrier element 21 described with reference to FIG. 3 with diode laser bars 20 attached thereto, which are electrically connected in series in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4 by means of diagonal connector elements 46.
- a diagonal connector element 46 in each case connects a positive pole 38 of a diode laser bar 20 to the negative pole 40 of an adjacent diode laser bar 20.
- a parallel connection of the diode laser bars 20 would also be conceivable, in order to achieve an equally high radiation power at all diode laser bars 20 they would have to be connected in parallel by means of contact dements with very small electrical resistances in order to provide at least approximately the same supply voltage at all diode laser bars.
- the mechanical attachment of the diode laser bars 20 takes place, for example, by fastening screws 47 which protrude the carrier element 21 from its rear side 48 in the direction of the attachment surface 33 and a diode laser bar 20 is tensioned against the attachment surface 33 of the carrier element 21 by means of a screw nut 49 or comparable attachment means. The projecting beyond the nut 49 portion of the
- Fastening screw 47 can further be used as shown in Fig. 4, for positioning and fastening of the diagonal connector elements 46 by being penetrated in through holes and in succession against the contact surface on a positive pole 38 of a first diode laser bar 20 and a negative terminal 40 of a second adjacent thereto Diode laser bars 20 are pressed.
- the diagonal connector elements 46 have in the illustrated embodiment, a cranked shape, wherein the standing with the positive terminal of a diode laser bar 20 lower third is aligned approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis 50 of the diode laser bar 20 and the remaining part of the diagonal connector elements 46 obliquely to the negative pole 40 of an adjacent diode laser bar 20 back is oriented.
- other embodiments of diagonal connector elements are also possible. In an embodiment of a bending die 3 with eight diode laser bars 20, seven diagonal connector elements 46 are thus required for the production of the series connection.
- the negative pole 40 left in FIG. 4 on the left diode laser bar 20 and the positive pole left on the right diode laser bar 20 are carried along via suitable line elements, which may also be formed by housing parts of the diode laser insert 22 a DC power source, which is formed for example by a power supply with a rectifier connected.
- a DC power source which is formed for example by a power supply with a rectifier connected.
- the power supply of such a diode laser insert 22 can also be effected by means of an electronic control device which is also used, for example, to control a bending press used for the bending process, or else by its own control device which is connected via interfaces to a bending press.
- FIG. 4 also shows an integrally formed or separate retaining strip 51 which adjoins the carrier element 21 in the beam propagation direction and which is connected, for example, by a screw connection 52 to the carrier element 21 and which has a holding groove 53 with which optically active components for forming or deflecting the Positioned by the diode laser bars 20 radiation or beam fan relative to the diode laser bars 20 positioned and can be kept.
- a further retaining groove (not shown in FIG. 4) on an opposite housing part of the diode laser insert 22; which closes the visible in Figure 4 front.
- Prisms or lenses are held, with which the Strahlfacher 26, if necessary, can still be changed.
- focusing or dissipating lens systems and beam-deflecting prisms are used as optical components, which will be described in more detail with reference to further exemplary embodiments or figures.
- FIG. 5 shows a further phase in the assembly of a possible embodiment of a diode laser insert 22 according to the invention according to FIGS. 3 and 4, as it can be used in a bending die 3 according to FIGS. 1 and 2, for example.
- the front side of the diode laser insert 22 is closed housing-like by fastening a housing cover 54 by means of the mounting screws 47 projecting relative to the diagonal connecting elements 46 which encloses the diode laser bars 20 in a housing-like manner together with the carrier element 21 and together after these two elements has an upwardly leading, slot-shaped opening through which the radiation 18 can escape upwards in the direction of the workpiece 2.
- the housing cover 54 may in particular be designed such that it comprises two cover halves 55 and 56 which are electrically insulated from one another, wherein only the first cover half 55 is shown in FIG.
- cover halves 55 and 56 may be formed of electrically conductive metal and may by electrically conductive connection between left cover half 55 and the negative pole 40 of the leftmost diode laser bar 20 and electrically conductive connection between the right cover half 56 and positive pole 38 of the rightmost diode laser bar 20 these are used for connection to the power supply.
- the cover halves 55 and 56 have an L-shaped cross section, the lower horizontal leg forms a support surface for the support member 21 and this lower horizontal leg flush with the back 48 of the support member 21, whereby a substantially cuboid diode laser insert 22 is formed is.
- diode laser insert 22 By means of this construction of a diode laser insert 22, carrier element 21, diode laser bars 20, diagonal connector elements 46 and housing element 54, in particular the cover halves 55 and 56, can be attached by means of the fastening screws 47, the nuts 49 and further nuts 57 or equivalent. be compiled elements to a compact diode laser insert 22, which can be dismantled if necessary in a simple manner and allows the replacement of individual components.
- electrically insulating shims 58 are arranged below the further screw nuts 57.
- 55 and 56 other insulating components are provided as a galvanic isolation between the diagonal connector elements 46 and the cover halves, for example, as in the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 6 shows a diode laser insert 22, which is completely assembled into a unit and is suitable for installation in a tool base body 7 according to FIGS. 1 or 2.
- 61 end plates or end foils are attached to the axial end faces 61, which serve to dust-tight seal the diode laser insert 22 in the axial direction.
- the end plates 62 may be glued against the end faces 61 of the support member 21 and the housing member 54 or be tensioned by means of screws or an adjacent bending die 3 against these end faces 61.
- Fig. 6 also shows a arranged between the retaining strip 51 and the cover halves 55, 56 collimating lens 63, from the laser radiation 18 permeable material, ie glass or the like, which serves to compensate for the beam expansion inevitably occurring in the beam path and thereby the heating of a Workpiece 2 is carried out by laser irradiation in a narrow limited surface section in the region of the forming zone.
- one or more cylindrical lenses 64 may be provided as the collimating lens 63, whose axis of curvature is parallel to the bending recess 11 or to the bending line 15.
- these collimating lenses 63 allow positioning of the diode laser bars 20 at a greater distance from the contact surface 10, since the strong beam divergence is compensated by the collimating lens 63 and also at a greater distance between the diode laser bar 20 and the voltage applied to the contact surface 10 workpiece 2, the high radiation density of the laser radiation 18 is maintained.
- diode laser bars 20 which are provided at its beam exit surface 25 directly with a collimating lens, in which case in particular GRJN lenses (gradient index) can be used, their achieve focussing effect not by curved surfaces but by varying their refractive index across the thickness.
- the collimating lenses for fast-axis collimation can be mounted at a distance from the diode laser bars 20. Although this may not result in optimum collimation, the radiation 18 is focused in front of the undeformed workpiece 2 by positioning the focal point below the contact surface 10, as a result of which radiation coming out of the bending die 3 as quickly as possible scattered.
- the upper side of the diode laser insert 22 can additionally be closed by means of non-reflective, plane-parallel glass plates in order to ensure a dust-tight enclosure of the diode laser bars 20.
- FIG. 7 shows, as a further exemplary embodiment, a section through a bending die 3 in which a diode laser insert 22, for example in the embodiment according to FIGS. 3 to 6 or else in a modified form thereof, can be used.
- the diode laser insert 22 is not described in detail at this point and reference is made to the descriptions of FIGS. 3 to 6 with respect to the components provided with reference numerals.
- the diode laser insert 22 according to FIG. 7 likewise comprises eight diode laser bars 20 arranged next to one another, whereby eight fan beams 26 running side by side at least approximately in the bending plane 14 emerge therefrom.
- the basic tool body 7 is greatly simplified approximately U-shaped, wherein the upper opening of the U corresponds to the bending recess 11, in which the workpiece 2 is pressed during the forming and in the before or during the forming process laser radiation 18 through the beam exit opening 17 for heating the workpiece 2 is introduced.
- the diode laser insert 22 is in the lower part of Recess arranged in the U-shaped tool body 7 and has connection interfaces 28 for the supply of electric current for the operation of the diode laser bars 20 and for cooling liquid to dissipate the heat loss.
- the fan beams 26 emitted by the diode laser bars 20 are additionally influenced by means of further correction lenses 65, wherein either a beam expansion within the beam propagation plane can be reduced or also amplified.
- the correction lenses 65 may be designed as cylindrical converging lenses or diverging lenses.
- the collimating lenses 63 and correction lenses 65 may be generically referred to as beam shaping elements 66 that affect the beam fans 26 in their course. In the illustrated embodiment, the rays in the fan beams 26 extend approximately parallel in the direction of the workpiece 2.
- spacer elements 67 are provided between the diode laser insert 22 and the radiation exit opening 17, which are arranged between the upwardly projecting, free legs of the essentially U-shaped tool base body 7 and on which the legs of the U-shaped tool body 7 are located. shaped tool body 7 are clamped together.
- the spacer elements 67 and the tool body 7 for example, aligned through holes 68, which are penetrated by clamping screws 69 or latching and with which the two legs of the U-shaped tool base 7 are clamped or fixed by means of screw against the spacer elements 67.
- the tool body 7 is replaced by a high mechanical strength and the free legs of the U-shaped tool body 7 are not or only slightly forced apart by the forces occurring during a bending operation.
- these spacer elements 67 arranged above the radiation source in the form of the diode laser bars 20 for the mechanical stabilization of the bending die 3 lie in the beam path of individual beam fans 26 and a workpiece 2 in the region above these spacer elements 67 in the forming zone 16 would not be heated or at least insufficiently heated in order to carry out the bending with good bending result.
- the spacer elements 67 have reflective surfaces oriented at an angle to the laser radiation 18 arriving from the diode laser bars 20.
- the laser beams incident on the central spacer element 67a are deflected by its reflection surfaces 70 to the shading region 71b caused by the left spacer element 67b or to the shading region 71c effected by the right spacer element 67c deflected, which is also in these areas laser radiation 18 for heating a workpiece 2 available.
- the incident on the left spacer element 67 laser radiation is deflected by its reflection surface to the shading area 71a of the middle spacer element 67a, as well as the laser radiation 18 from the right spacer element 67c through the reflection surface 70.
- a bending die 3 or its Tool base body 7 by clamping elements, such as the described spacer elements 67 in conjunction with clamping screws 69, the tool body 7 in the region between the radiation source for generating the laser radiation 18 - here the diode laser insert 22 - and the bending recess 11 to mechanically stabilize without that in the forming zone 16th Areas with insufficient laser radiation density would be present.
- the reflection surfaces 70 are preferably mirrored so that as far as possible the entire incident radiation power is deflected to the adjacent shading regions 71 and the spacer elements 67 absorb as little radiation energy as possible and thereby heat up.
- the upper sides 72 of the spacer elements 67 may be mirror-finished, whereby laser radiation 18 reflected from the workpiece 2 is reflected back to it and is also available for heating the deformation zone 16.
- the reflection surfaces 70 of the middle spacer element 67a can be made slightly bent in order to concentrate the radiation 18 of the associated laser diode bar 20 in the edge region so that the intensity on the bending line 15 at the die end goes to zero.
- the shielding device 73 essentially comprises a shielding element 74, which is adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the bending recess 11 by means of an adjusting device 75.
- this shielding element 74 which can also be referred to as a slider or slipcase, a portion 76 of the bending recess 11, which is not covered by workpiece 2, covered, whereby the laser radiation is prevented from emerging from the bending die 3.
- the underside of the shielding element 74 may have an optically dissipating surface, whereby the reflected radiation continues to decrease in intensity and is distributed over larger areas of the interior of the die.
- the abutment of the shielding element 74 on the workpiece 2 to be bent can thereby be ensured by approaching the workpiece 2 with a certain minimum force, wherein additionally a mechanical, electrical or optical interrogation of the workpiece contacting and thus the complete shielding of the section 76 is ensured can be.
- This can be done, for example, that the shielding element 74 at its end facing the workpiece 2 at its top a scholarmark 77 77, which is monitored by a camera, not shown, mounted above the bending die 3 camera and at a displacement of the test mark 77 on the shielding element 74 below the edge of the workpiece 2 from above through the camera is no longer detectable, from which it can be deduced that the shielding element 74 rests against the workpiece 2.
- the end portion with the test mark 77 has a notch in the region of the bending line 15 so that it can be irradiated at the edge of the workpiece 2 of the laser radiation.
- the shielding element 74 or the 7 can be movably mounted in the direction of the double arrow in FIG. 7, whereby it can be pressed into the inside of the bending recess 11 together with the workpiece 2 when carrying out a bending operation without hindering the bending process.
- the shielding element 74 may in particular be guided with a vertical movement play in guide grooves in the tool body, whereby no direct exit of laser radiation along the lateral guide surfaces of the shielding element 74 can take place.
- FIG. 8 shows a section through a further, possible embodiment of a bending die 3 with a plurality of diode laser bars 20, which are arranged along the bending recess 11 in the interior of the tool body 7 juxtaposed and emit each of their laser diode array 37 a fan beam 26, at least approximately in one Level with the remaining fan beams 26 is located.
- the beam fans pass through a collimating lens 63 in the form of a cylindrical lens 64, whereby the laser beams propagate substantially within a common beam plane.
- spacer elements 67 are arranged in this embodiment of a bending die 3 between the diode laser bar 20 and the bending recess 11, with which the opposite and between them the diode laser bar 20 or the diode laser insert 22 enclosing portions of the tool body 7, for example
- a clamping screw 69 can be clamped together, whereby the mechanical stability of the bending die 3 is substantially increased. Since, in the vertical course of the fan beams 26, areas in the forming zone 16 which are shaded straight upwards would be formed by the spacer elements 67, measures are also provided in this embodiment which avoid such shading areas with less heat input.
- the laser radiation 18 is deflected by the use of beam deflecting means 78 for the greater part or preferably completely past these spacer elements 67 to the bending recess 11.
- the fan beams 26 are for this purpose, for example, by using prisms 79 or prism-like optical components in their direction deflected so that they extend between adjacent spacer elements 67 in the direction of the bending recess 11.
- the Strahlfacher 26 are compared to the rectilinear discharge from the tool body relative to the vertical by an angle of preferably between 15 and 30 ° deflected, wherein the Deflection relative to the vertical by an alternating arrangement of a plurality of beam deflection means alternately to different sides, in the illustrated embodiment alternately to the left and to the right can take place.
- the beam shed 26a is deflected to the right by a prism top 80 inclined to the left
- an adjacent beam shifter 26b is deflected to the left by a prism top 80b inclined to the right.
- intersection point 81 which is approximately halfway between the prisms 79 and the contact surface 10 for the workpiece 2 in the illustrated embodiment.
- the four beam deflection means 78 here in the form of prisms 79, through, thus yield spaced intersection points 81, in which the laser radiation has their maxima. Between these crossing points 81, the intensity of the laser radiation decreases sharply and therefore the spacer elements 67 are preferably arranged centrally between the points of intersection 81.
- the relatively small amount of radiation still incident on the spacer elements 67 can additionally be reflected further by reflecting surfaces 82 in the direction of the bending recess 11, whereby the laser radiation power absorbed by the spacer elements 67 is further reduced and the laser power radiated by the diode laser bars 20 is reduced to as low as possible.
- nem to be heated workpiece 2 is passed into the forming zone 16.
- the reflection surfaces 82 can also be made mirror-like as the reflection surfaces 70 of the embodiment of FIG. 7.
- the spacer elements 67 may be designed as separate components, but it is also possible that these are integrally connected to at least one leg of the approximately U-shaped tool base body 7.
- the upper side 72 of the spacer elements 67 can also be designed to be reflective or mirrored, as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7, so that laser radiation 18 reflected by a workpiece 2 is reflected back upwards in the direction of the workpiece 2.
- the exit and / or entry surfaces on the prisms 79 can also be curved to realize additional beam spreading, collimation or focusing by a single optical element.
- the exit surfaces on the prism top surfaces 80 may be curved like a diverging lens to ensure a more uniform intensity distribution along the bending line 15. It may also be advantageous if the beams in both embodiments in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are crossed such that the area of approximately homogeneous line heating, ie the area with the most uniform intensity distribution, exactly on the bending line in FIGS.
- the basic tool body 7 of the bending die 3 in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 8 also has a conventional bending geometry comparable external geometry and can therefore be used for the same bending geometries or workpiece dimensions on conventional press brakes and bending presses as conventional Biegegesenke.
- FIG. 8 further shows by way of example a connection interface 28 for supplying the diode laser bar 20 with current in the form of at least one connector 30, with which the power connection to the insertion opening 31 of an adjacent bending die 3 is produced.
- Connectors 30 and insertion openings 31 are arranged in the metallic cover halves 55 and 56 (see FIG. 6), which in each case form a pole in their entirety and a contact pressing surface to the first negative pole 40 (see FIG.
- further diverging lenses 84 can be arranged in the beam path of the laser radiation with which the beam trays 26 can be further spread within the beam propagation plane, and thereby the output from the diode laser bars 20
- Radiation power is evenly distributed in the region of the bending recess 11.
- the diverging lenses 84 are cylindrical with a curvature axis perpendicular to the beam propagation plane, as a result of which the beam trays 26 are not widened transversely to their propagation plane and lie at least approximately in the bending plane 14.
- the diverging lenses 84 can also act as spacer elements 67, whereby their extent can be greatly increased, while minimizing the size of shading elements, which in an extreme case is reduced only to clamping screws 69 or latching elements.
- the latching elements may also have corresponding recesses which ensure a defined distance between the spaced mold halves formed by the legs of the tool main body 7.
- the latching elements can either be independent elements or can be made together with a tool half from one piece.
- the diode laser bars 20 installed in a bending die 3 according to the invention are installed in the interior of the tool base body 7 in such a number that laser radiation for heating the forming zone 16 can preferably be led over the entire length of the bending recess 11 of the bending die 3. However, since the bending length of a
- Workpiece 2 does not always coincide with the total length of a bending die 3, but may be shorter, it is further advantageous if the laser radiation 18 can be adapted to the bending length of a workpiece 2 by one or more of the diode laser bars 20 can be selectively disabled.
- the diode laser bars 20 there are different solutions for deactivating single or multiple diode laser bars 20. If these are connected, for example, in parallel with the power supply, a separate switching element can be provided on each diode laser bar 20, whereby each diode laser bar 20 independently can be activated or deactivated by the remaining diode laser bars 20.
- the switching elements can be manually switchable, for example, or else by means of electrical switches, relays or the like via a control device.
- diode laser bars 20 are connected in series, individual diode laser bars 20 can not be deactivated by opening a switch, but they must Ü bridged by suitable contact elements 86, whereby the working current instead of through the diode diode to be deactivated - Serbarrenelement 20 flows through the contact element 86.
- contact elements 86 With the contact elements 86, a direct, electrical connection between corresponding positive poles or negative poles of adjacent diode laser bars 20 and micro-channel coolers can be produced, whereby the current is forwarded directly to the next diode laser bar 20 or micro-channel cooler and is not passed through the laser diode array 37.
- the corresponding laser diode arrangement 37 is deactivated in this case and no laser radiation is emitted by this diode laser bar 20.
- FIG. 9 shows a section through a diode laser insert 22 according to the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 8.
- the diode laser bars 20 are arranged on a common carrier element 21 and connected in series by means of the diagonal contact elements 46.
- the contact elements 86 for deactivating individual laser bars 20 are formed in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 9 by contact pins 87 with a plate-like end section which, as FIG. 8 shows, is positioned between adjacent diode laser bars 20 and protrudes into the carrier element 21 from the rear side 48 where they are also in
- Direction of its longitudinal axis are mounted adjustable.
- a contact element 86 is adjusted such that corresponding power connection poles of a diode laser bar 20 are electrically connected directly, whereby the working current no longer flows through the corresponding laser diode arrangement 73 but is conducted directly to the corresponding pole of the adjacent diode laser bar 20 ,
- the contact element 86 or the contact pin 87 is pushed with its end section against the rear side of two microchannel coolers 36 which, according to the embodiments according to FIG. 3, each form the positive pole for the power supply of a laser diode arrangement 37.
- the current is thereby not transported via a diagonal contact element 46 and the laser diode array 37 to the next plus pole, but directly via the contact element 86, whereby the corresponding laser diode array 37 is in the absence of supply. current does not emit laser radiation.
- the adjustment of the contact element 86 in the form of the contact pin 87 is advantageously carried out by means of a piezo actuator 88, in the exemplary embodiment FIG. 9, for example by a bending piezo actuator 89, which can each adjust a contact element 86 between a neutral position and a bridging position.
- a contact element 86 in the form of a contact pin 87 which has a wedge-shaped shape at its end portion proves.
- the pin has a recess or other suitable design, in which engages the piezoelectric bending element and is glued, for example, with a high temperature-resistant adhesive.
- Other elements, e.g. a spring could thus be omitted, since the basic position is effected by the bending element of the piezoelectric actuator.
- the adjustment axis of the contact pin 87 and its wedge-shaped end are between two adjacent micro channel coolers 36. If the bending element of the piezo actuator moves in the direction of the micro channel recesses 36 (indicated by arrow), the contact pin 37 inevitably contacts both and closes them briefly.
- the wedge-shaped end may also lie between the cover half 56 and a microchannel cooler 36. This is particularly suitable for the partial shutdown of the last diode laser bar 20, for which there is no more suitable for its short circuit adjacent diode laser bars 20 more. In this case, the wedge must have a large contact surface with the housing, since this is not cooled. If this method is applied to centrally located microchannel coolers, one can switch off or deactivate all diode laser bars 20 lying in front of this diode laser bar 20 at the same time and additionally in the current flow direction with a contact element 36.
- the wedge-shaped end of a contact element 36 can also be positioned between the cover halves 55 and 56, and in this embodiment can simultaneously deactivate all the diode laser bars 20.
- Laser radiation 18 indicated that coincides in the simplest case with the bending plane 14.
- the beam plane 90 can also be tilted slightly away from the operator by slight shifting or tilting of the FAC lenses 63, 64, so that any emerging radiation propagates more into the bending machine, ie away from the operator.
- bending dies 3 can be assembled by stringing together in the longitudinal direction of the bending line 15 to form a bending die arrangement 91, which comprises bending dies 3 a, 3 b, which are arranged directly next to each other, which are each designed according to the invention.
- a bending die arrangement 91 which comprises bending dies 3 a, 3 b, which are arranged directly next to each other, which are each designed according to the invention.
- connection interfaces 28 for cooling water and / or power current and / or control current
- the connection interfaces 28 in particular comprise plug-in connection elements 30.
- An arrangement of the connector elements 30 on the axial end faces 29 of the tool body 7 and the diode laser inserts 22 is particularly advantageous.
- the bending dies 3 therefore permit adaptation to the dimensions of a workpiece 2 by partial cutting off of diode laser bars 20 in order to deactivate sections 76 of a bending die which are not covered by a workpiece 2 and to string together a plurality of bending dies 3 into a bending die arrangement 91, to bend workpieces whose bending length exceeds the total length of a single bending die 3.
- Fig. 10 shows a section through a joint between two adjacent bending dies 3a and 3b according to the invention along the line IX-IX in Fig. 9.
- the front end faces of the diode laser inserts 22a and 22b are facing each other, whereby corresponding cooling liquid channels 42a and 42b are opposed to each other.
- At least one of the opposite end faces is provided with a seal, such as in the form of an O-ring, which provides for axial sealing of the end faces for sealing at the joint.
- the mutual axial bracing can be done by an over all Biegegesenke extending tensioning device, of advantage, however, is particularly a compound by means of an axial clamping element 92, which is executed approximately U-shaped and in clamping grooves which are formed on the bending dies 3a and 3b engages.
- an axial clamping element 92 which is executed approximately U-shaped and in clamping grooves which are formed on the bending dies 3a and 3b engages.
- Bending dies 3 a and 3 b can be generated by means of a clamping screw 93, which draws the axial clamping element 92 in the radial direction to the joint an axial clamping force, which clamps the bending dies 3 a and 3 b strongly and an interposed O-ring 94 can fulfill its sealing effect.
- a clamping screw 93 which draws the axial clamping element 92 in the radial direction to the joint an axial clamping force, which clamps the bending dies 3 a and 3 b strongly and an interposed O-ring 94 can fulfill its sealing effect.
- the axial clamping element 92 can advantageously also be equipped with a thread, so that the clamping screw 93 can be screwed directly into this. Notwithstanding the embodiment in FIG.
- an axial clamping element 92 in the assembled state can be at least approximately flush or flush with the die back, whereby it does not form a disturbing geometry for bending operations.
- an additional clamping element 93 with through hole on the opposite side, so here the front with the screw head be arranged so that when tightening the clamping screw 93 and the front portions of the tool body 7 are clamped directly together.
- a diode laser insert 22 may also be mounted completely or partially displaceable in the bending die 3.
- a clamping arrangement of Fig. 10 then only a firm connection between the bending die 3 is made.
- the tool base body 7 of the bending die arrangement 91 is screwed on both end faces to the clamping die assembly 91, which is connected to the
- End surfaces of the diode laser inserts 22 have matching pressing surfaces, so that when screwing this clamping adapter all intervening diode laser inserts 22 are pressed against each other frontally.
- These clamping adapters can advantageously be designed at the same time as adapters for the power and cooling water lines and thus also form connection cut parts 28 for the supply of the bending dies 3.
- a bending die 3 according to the invention is indicated, in which the tool body 7 a the contact surface 10 and the Biegeaus Principleung 11 forming die adapter 95 includes, which is arranged interchangeable at the diode laser bar 20 containing the remaining part of the tool body 7.
- the tool base body 7 can be adapted to different bending tasks by exchanging the die adapter 95; in particular, the die width can be modified.
- the die adapter 95 can be made in two parts, wherein both before and behind the bending plane 14, a corresponding adapter part is mounted, however, an advantageous embodiment in which approximately the spacer elements 67 are part of the die adapter 95 and this is thereby designed as a mechanically stable unit ,
- the embodiments show possible embodiments of the bending die 3, wherein it should be noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated embodiments thereof, but also various combinations of the individual embodiments are mutually possible and this possibility of variation due to the teaching of technical action representational invention in the skill of those skilled in this technical field. So are all conceivable embodiments, which are possible by combinations of individual details of the illustrated and described embodiment variant, includes the scope of protection.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT10112009A AT508356B1 (de) | 2009-06-29 | 2009-06-29 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum biegen eines werkstücks |
PCT/AT2010/000235 WO2011000011A1 (de) | 2009-06-29 | 2010-06-28 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum biegen eines werkstücks |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2448688A1 true EP2448688A1 (de) | 2012-05-09 |
EP2448688B1 EP2448688B1 (de) | 2014-12-17 |
Family
ID=42752962
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10739460.3A Not-in-force EP2448688B1 (de) | 2009-06-29 | 2010-06-28 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum biegen eines werkstücks |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9003848B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2448688B1 (de) |
AT (1) | AT508356B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2011000011A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102011009018A1 (de) * | 2011-01-20 | 2012-08-09 | Betewis GmbH | Klemmtechnik für horizontale Montage von Laser-Dioden-Barren |
AT513467B1 (de) | 2012-09-26 | 2014-07-15 | Trumpf Maschinen Austria Gmbh | Verfahren zum Biegen eines Werkstücks |
EP2843875A1 (de) | 2013-08-30 | 2015-03-04 | British Telecommunications public limited company | Bestimmung und Verwendung von Verbindungsleistungsmaßen |
CN106734440B (zh) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-20 | 中国农业大学 | 一种管材螺纹状弯曲的加工方法及加工装置 |
CN107952877A (zh) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-04-24 | 宁波涵盛智能科技有限公司 | 一种光纤压线套的连续冲压模具及冲压方法 |
CN112154580A (zh) * | 2018-05-21 | 2020-12-29 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | 半导体激光装置 |
DE102018210139B4 (de) * | 2018-06-21 | 2021-02-18 | Trumpf Photonics, Inc. | Diodenlaseranordnung und DWM-Modul mit einer solchen Diodenlaseranordnung |
CN114082990B (zh) * | 2021-11-22 | 2024-04-16 | 沈阳工业大学 | 激光增材制造基体温度动态调控方法与装置 |
DE102022201423A1 (de) | 2022-02-11 | 2023-08-17 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Automatisiert verstellbare Werkzeuganordnung |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3740996A (en) * | 1971-03-17 | 1973-06-26 | A Hix | Press brake die structure incorporating gate means |
CH651767A5 (fr) * | 1982-11-05 | 1985-10-15 | Cybelec Sa | Procede de pliage d'une tole a l'aide d'une presse plieuse. |
JPH01233019A (ja) | 1988-03-11 | 1989-09-18 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 金属板のプレス成形方法 |
JPH02280930A (ja) | 1989-04-21 | 1990-11-16 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | ヘム成形方法 |
DE4228528A1 (de) | 1991-08-29 | 1993-03-04 | Okuma Machinery Works Ltd | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur metallblechverarbeitung |
JP3295109B2 (ja) | 1991-10-02 | 2002-06-24 | 株式会社アマダ | 曲げ加工装置 |
DE19514285C1 (de) | 1995-04-24 | 1996-06-20 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Vorrichtung zum Umformen von Werkstücken mit Laserdiodenstrahlung |
AT407615B (de) | 1997-07-02 | 2001-05-25 | Inst Spanlose Fertigung Und Ho | Verfahren zum biegen mit laserunterstützung |
AT411023B (de) * | 2001-04-04 | 2003-09-25 | Inst Spanlose Fertigung Und Ho | Laserunterstütztes tiefziehen mit halbleiterlasern und festkörperlasern |
JP4334181B2 (ja) | 2002-04-22 | 2009-09-30 | 株式会社アマダエンジニアリングセンター | 板材曲げ加工方法および装置 |
JP2004034074A (ja) | 2002-07-02 | 2004-02-05 | Amada Eng Center Co Ltd | 曲げ加工方法、曲げ加工機、及び温間金型装置 |
EP1961502B1 (de) | 2007-02-23 | 2014-10-22 | Bystronic Laser AG | Verfahren sowie Vorrichtung zum Biegen von Werkstücken |
-
2009
- 2009-06-29 AT AT10112009A patent/AT508356B1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2010
- 2010-06-28 EP EP10739460.3A patent/EP2448688B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2010-06-28 WO PCT/AT2010/000235 patent/WO2011000011A1/de active Application Filing
- 2010-06-28 US US13/381,193 patent/US9003848B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2011000011A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2011000011A1 (de) | 2011-01-06 |
US9003848B2 (en) | 2015-04-14 |
US20120167649A1 (en) | 2012-07-05 |
AT508356B1 (de) | 2011-01-15 |
AT508356A4 (de) | 2011-01-15 |
EP2448688B1 (de) | 2014-12-17 |
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