Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0036—Soil deposition preventing compositions; Antiredeposition agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
  • C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
  • C11D3/226—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin esterified
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/3715—Polyesters or polycarbonates

Definitions

• This invention relates to cleaning compositions comprising rhamnolipid having components di-rhamnolipids and mono-rhamnolipids.
• Rhamnolipids are a class of glycolipid. They are constructed of rhamnose combined with beta-hydroxy fatty acids. Rhamnose is a sugar. Fatty acids are ubiquitous in animals and plants. The carboxyl end of the fatty acid end is connected to the rhamnose. Rhamnolipids are compounds of only three common elements; carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They are a crystalline acid. Rhamnolipids may be produced by strains of the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa. There are two major groups of rhamnolipids; mono-rhamnolipids and di-rhamnolipids.
• Mono-rhamnolipids have a single rhamnose sugar ring.
• a typical mono-rhamnolipid produced by P. aeruginosa is L-rhamnosyl- ⁇ -hydroxydecanoyl- ⁇ -hydroxydecanoate (RhaC 10 C 10 ). It may be referred to as Rha-C 10 -C 10 , with a formula of C 26 H 48 O 9 .
• Mono-rhamnolipids have a single rhamnose sugar ring.
• the IUPAC Name is 3-[3-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxydecanoyloxy]decanoic acid.
• Di-rhamnolipids have two rhamnose sugar rings.
• a typical di-rhamnolipid is L-rhamnosyl-L-rhamnosyl- ⁇ -hydroxydecanoyl- ⁇ -hydroxydecanoate (Rha2C 10 C 10 ). It may be referred to as Rha-Rha-C 10 -C 10 , with a formula of C 32 H 58 O 13 .
• the IUPAC name is 3-[3-[4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxydecanoyloxy]decanoic acid.
• rhamnolipids are produced in various chemical formulas, each with a different HLB, it is known that rhamnolipids can be produced or mixed to have a range of foaming properties.
• Rhamnolipids are an anionic surfactant with both hydrophilic end and a lipophilic end. When their concentration increases to a certain level it is known that the rhamnolipids join together inside a liquid in a micelle.
• rhamnolipids with two shorter fatty acids are more active in reducing surface tension and as an emulsifier. Those rare rhamnolipids with a single fatty acid chain are not as effective.
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa The bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa is found naturally in soils, in water, and on plants. Metabolically, P. aeruginosa is chemoheterotrophic, generally aerobic, utilizing a wide range of organic compounds for sources of carbon and nitrogen.
• strains of P. aeruginosa can be isolated to produce rhamnolipids at higher concentrations and more efficiently. Strains can also be selected to produce less byproduct and to metabolize different feedstock or pollutants. This production is greatly affected by the environment in which the bacterium is grown.
• anionic surfactants may include C 10 - 13 linear alkylbenzene sulphonate. From Example 5 (the only one relating to laundry) it seems that the surfactant system was tested by adding it to a conventional laundry base powder comprising zeolite builder and other additives.
• the process of separating and characterising the mixture was carried out using an HPLC connected to an Ion Trap Electrospray ionisation Mass Spectrometer.
• the mode of ionisation was in negative mode with a scanning range of 50-1200Da.
• the column used to separate was a Phenomenex luna C18 250 x 4.6mm 5 ⁇ m column.
• the mobile phase water (mobile phase A) and acetonitrile (mobile phase B) were used to separate via a gradient of 60:40 (A:B) changing to 30:70 (A:B) over 30 minutes.
• the system was then held for 5 minutes before returning to the start conditions all at a flow rate of 0.5ml/min.
• the injection volume was 10 ⁇ l.
• synthetic nonionic surfactant ethoxylated dodecyl alcohol
• synthetic anionic surfactant di C8 alkyl sulphosuccinates
• Triolein was removed with mixtures of Rhamnolipid and other surfactant from 100:0 to 0:100 in ratio increments of 20.
• the nonionic surfactant used with the Rhamnolipid in example 1 clearly outperformed the anionic used with it in example 2, at all ratios.
• Example 3 used this Rhamnolipid with nonionic surfactant. The results show poorer removal of triolein than was obtained with the Rhamnolipid of Example 1 (and 2).
• Example 4 provides further data about combinations of nonionic surfactant and rhamnolipids.
• Table 5 shows that shorter chain length BioEm-LKP outperforms the RL-BNS on a weight for weight basis (more moles used) for EMPA 104 (Indian ink with olive oil on cotton polyester). However, on WFK20D (mixed particulates in sebum on cotton polyester) the longer chain material was superior (as it was in examples 1 and 3), despite being used at a lower molar concentration.
• EP499434 Unilever, makes a very similar disclosure - See Examples 2, 3.
• Example 3 discloses that the rhamnolipid used is roughly 50:50 wt:wt mono to di rhamnolipid. The rhamnolipid was again not used with anionic surfactant.
• DE19600743A discloses the use of mixtures of glycolipids (I) and surfactants (II) for the production of hand dish-washing detergents.
• (I) are selected from rhamnose glucose sophorose trehalose and/or cellobiose lipids.
• (II) are anionic non-ionic and/or amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants.
• the (I):(II) weight ratio is 10:90-90:10 and the total amount of (I) and (II) is 5-50 wt% of the detergent.
• A1 a 100% mono-rhamnolipid with only one carboxylate repeat). It was used with APG, SLES, SLS and betaine.
• US 4814272 discloses specific ratios of mono- and di-rhamnolipids.
• Table 1 shows the influence of nutrient supply on the ratio of mono-rhamnolipid to di-rhamnolipid production for this strain of bacterium. Using glycerine the di-rhamnolipid predominates whereas using n-paraffin the amounts of mono-rhamnolipids are in the majority. Likewise, the incubation temperature affects the ratio, as shown in table 2. The rhamnolipids so produced are said to be suitable for tertiary flooding of petroleum deposits. Others have since commented that the mono carboxylate mono-rhamnolipids (III) disclosed in this document are ineffective surfactants.
• Example 1 makes equal weight ratio of mono-rhamnolipid and di-rhamnolipid. There is no suggestion that this equal ratio material is preferred or that it could be used in a detergent composition.
• a detergent composition comprising mono-rhamnolipid and di-rhamnolipid and an optional co-surfactant wherein the weight ratio of mono-rhamnolipid to di-rhamnolipid lies in the range 95:5 to 45:55.
• the optional co-surfactant is preferably present at a level of at least 5 wt% and is more preferably synthetic anionic surfactant, most preferably linear alkyl benzene sulphonate. Especially with C12-14 alkyl chains.
• the amount of synthetic anionic surfactant exceeds the total amount of Rhamnolipid.
• the total amount of surfactant in the composition desirably lies in the range 10 to 40 wt%.
• the detergent composition preferably has less than 2 wt% builder and is more preferably unbuilt. That is, zeolite, phosphate or silicate builders are absent.
• the detergent composition is preferably a liquid detergent composition and if citric acid builder is present, it is limited to a maximum level of 2 wt%.
• the composition is especially useful as a laundry detergent and may be used with advantage for washing in water with a low water hardness of less than 5°F. A process whereby the laundry and the composition are washed in presoftened water is particularly advantageously used with the compositions of the invention.
• the rhamnolipids of the defined ratios are used to remove fatty soils from laundry, especially from cotton cloths. Removal of soils from cotton is of increasing concern because many of the sophisticated soil removal and soil release technologies included in modern laundry detergents work best on polyester cloths. Accordingly, it is advantageous to combine the detergent system of the present invention with a polyester soil release polymer.
• Changing the relative amounts of mono and di rhamnolipids used in a detergent composition according to the invention leads to enhanced cleaning benefits and synergies with synthetic anionic surfactants.
• the best synergy is believed to occur with C12-14 alkyl benzene sulphonate synthetic anionic surfactant.
• This surfactant is commonly employed in laundry detergent compositions and is typically used with a nonionic surfactant, such as the ethoxylated nonionic surfactant used in US5417879 . For environmental reasons it is desirable to eliminate this nonionic surfactant from the composition.
• the rhamnolipids with mono to di rhamnolipid ratio claimed provide a suitable substitute for the nonionic surfactant component, especially when used to remove fatty soils, e.g. from laundry and particularly when used to remove such fatty soils from cotton cloth.
• the compositions are suited to low wash temperatures and fast wash times, which support energy and time savings.
• compositions are for the removal of the fatty soil beef fat.
• the detergent composition may comprise other ingredients commonly found in laundry liquids.
• the detergent composition may comprise other ingredients commonly found in laundry liquids. Especially polyester substantive soil release polymers, hydrotropes, opacifiers, colorants, perfumes, other enzymes, other surfactants, microcapsules of ingredients such as perfume or care additives, softeners, polymers for anti redeposition of soil, bleach, bleach activators and bleach catalysts, antioxidants, pH control agents and buffers, thickeners, external structurants for rheology modification, visual cues, either with or without functional ingredients embedded therein and other ingredients known to those skilled in the art.
• the composition is preferably a liquid and is advantageously packaged in either a multidose bottle or in a unit dose soluble pouch.
• Table 3 shows the detergency data on stained woven cotton from four formulations containing biosurfactants.
• Examples 1 and 2 are according to the invention and Examples A and B are comparative for Jeneil and Jeneil LAS.
• Jeneil is the commercially available Rhamnolipid JBR425 with composition analysed to be that in table 1. All examples are systems composed of 0.5 gram per litre surfactant. Detailed compositions are given in Table 2.
• Examples 1 and 2 The material used in Examples 1 and 2 below is 50% di-Rhamnolipid and 50% mono-Rhamnolipid (by weight).
• the data for cleaning of Lard especially show enhanced cleaning with the 50/50 mono-rhamnolipid/di-rhamnolipid surfactant, when compared to combinations with LAS or with the commercially available Jeneil RBR425 Rhamnolipid with composition as analysed and given in table 1.

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Cited By (23)

Citations (7)

• 2010
  • 2010-07-22 EP EP10170402A patent/EP2410039A1/de not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (9)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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