EP2409095A2 - Mikroprozessorgesteuerte abtaubeendigung - Google Patents
Mikroprozessorgesteuerte abtaubeendigungInfo
- Publication number
- EP2409095A2 EP2409095A2 EP10753838A EP10753838A EP2409095A2 EP 2409095 A2 EP2409095 A2 EP 2409095A2 EP 10753838 A EP10753838 A EP 10753838A EP 10753838 A EP10753838 A EP 10753838A EP 2409095 A2 EP2409095 A2 EP 2409095A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- evaporator
- rate
- temperature
- defrost
- refrigeration unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 35
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
- F25D21/002—Defroster control
- F25D21/006—Defroster control with electronic control circuits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
- F25D21/06—Removing frost
- F25D21/08—Removing frost by electric heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2700/00—Means for sensing or measuring; Sensors therefor
- F25D2700/10—Sensors measuring the temperature of the evaporator
Definitions
- This invention relates generally to refrigerated devices having cooled enclosures, and more specifically to detecting when an accumulation of ice on an evaporator associated with the refrigerated device has been removed during a defrost operation.
- Refrigeration containers include refrigeration units for cooling.
- a refrigeration unit has a compressor driven by a compressor motor, a condenser, a condenser fan driven by a condenser fan motor, an evaporator, and an evaporator fan driven by an evaporator fan motor.
- Refrigerant is circulated through the compressor, condenser, and evaporator, which are connected by refrigerant tubes.
- the operation of a refrigerator is controlled by a microprocessor or programmable controller.
- the controller is responsible for maintaining the temperature within the enclosure by controlling the refrigeration unit. More specifically, the controller regulates run times of the compressor motor, condenser fan motor, and evaporator fan motor.
- the controller has a time measurement device, or internal clock, to measure elapsed time for a variety of conditions.
- the cooling process stops and the evaporator is heated rather than cooled, thereby melting the frost and ice.
- This heating can be accomplished by reversing the refrigeration cycle (referred to as reverse cycle defrost).
- a resistive heating element can be used to assist heating the evaporator (referred to as electric defrost).
- the refrigeration function ceases.
- Running the defrost function is necessary to improve the efficiency of refrigeration.
- the defrost function consumes a lot of energy since the unit is heated during this time rather than cooled.
- typical defrost functions run until the evaporator reaches a specified temperature often well above the point at which all the frost or ice has been removed.
- Alternative defrost functions use a pressure sensor or pressure switch. Some run for a predetermined amount of time. All these functions heat the refrigerator, and hence, any items in the refrigerator for a period of time longer than necessary to fully defrost the evaporator. This effective reduction in cooling time wastes energy and increases the instability of the refrigeration container's temperature. [0006] It would be advantageous to save energy and produce more stable, constant refrigeration temperatures by terminating the defrost function dynamically, dependent on and closer to the point in time at which ice is fully removed from the evaporator.
- a microprocessor controlled refrigeration unit that terminates a defrost function based on the point in time at which ice or frost buildup is removed from an evaporator component of the refrigeration unit.
- a temperature sensor is provided to measure the temperature of the evaporator.
- a microprocessor is provided capable of calculating rates of temperature change in the evaporator during the defrost function, and terminating the defrost function when the rate of temperature change meets a predetermined condition or criteria.
- a method is provided to terminate the defrost function in a refrigeration unit based on the point in time at which ice or frost buildup is removed from an evaporator component of the refrigeration unit.
- the rate of temperature increase is measured or calculated.
- the rate of temperature change meets a predetermined condition, the defrost function is terminated.
- FIG. 1 is a mechanical block diagram according to one embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 2 is an electrical block diagram of a refrigeration container according to one embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flow chart depicting operation of a defrost function termination scheme according to one embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 4 is a graphical representation showing a basis for the defrost function termination according to one embodiment of the invention.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate a refrigeration unit 10 for cooling a container or device. Because refrigeration systems are well known, and the invention can be adapted to work with many, if not all conventional refrigeration units, FIGS. 1 and 2 are highly schematic. One skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention can be adapted for use in many refrigerated devices, such as, but not limited to, commercial refrigerator/freezer combinations, commercial stand-alone freezers, residential refrigerator/freezers, and transportable refrigeration containers. [0015] Referring to FIGS.
- the refrigeration unit 10 has a compressor 12 driven by a compressor motor 14, a condenser 16, a condenser fan 18 driven by a condenser fan motor 20, an evaporator 22 and an evaporator fan 24 driven by an evaporator fan motor 26.
- the motors 14, 20, and 26 can be powered by a power source 34.
- An optional defrost heater 38 can also be powered by the power source 34.
- Refrigerant is circulated through the compressor 12, condenser 16, and evaporator 22, which are connected by tubes 28.
- the operation of the refrigerator 10 is controlled by a processor or programmable controller 30.
- the controller 30 regulates when the compressor motor 12, condenser fan motor 20, evaporator fan motor 26, and optional defrost heater 38 operate.
- the controller 30 regulates when the compressor motor 12, condenser fan motor 20, evaporator fan motor 26, and optional defrost heater 38 operate.
- water vapor condenses on the evaporator 22 at any time the evaporator temperature is below the dew point of the air passing through.
- the condensation on it can freeze, resulting in frost or ice buildup on the evaporator 22. This frost or ice buildup obscures the evaporator 22 and blocks its surrounding air space, causing a less efficient refrigeration process.
- the controller 30, periodically or as necessary, initiates a defrost function to remove any frost or ice buildup on the evaporator 22.
- the defrost function entails stopping the cooling operation of the refrigeration unit 10.
- the refrigeration unit runs in reverse in order to heat the evaporator 22 and melt any frost or ice.
- a resistive heater 38 is used alone or in combination with the above-described method to defrost the evaporator 22.
- defrost means will be used to mean any combination of the above described apparatus and methods of defrosting, as well as any other apparatus and methods of defrosting.
- the controller 30 has a time measurement device, or internal clock, to measure elapsed time.
- a temperature sensor 32 is able to record the surface temperature of the evaporator 22 over continuous intervals. The temperature readings can be converted to electrical signals and electrically communicated to the controller 30.
- the controller 30, or another processor, is configured to calculate the rate of temperature change in the evaporator 22 using the temperature measured over time.
- FIG. 1 schematically depicts one temperature sensor 32, multiple temperature sensors 32 can be used.
- these sensors 32 can be placed on the structural support or the refrigerant tubes of the evaporator 22, as ice can collect in both places.
- sensor(s) 32 it can be preferable to attach sensor(s) 32 to the structural support of the evaporator 22 where ice will melt last because heating occurs from the fluid in the refrigerant tubes.
- sensor(s) 32 it can be preferable to attach sensor(s) 32 to the refrigerant tubing or the structural support, or both.
- mount the sensors variously, so that the refrigerant inside the evaporator 22 can be measured, or the air passing through the evaporator can be measured.
- the temperature sensor(s) 32 can be mounted to measure the temperature inside the evaporator 22.
- the controller 30 monitors the temperature of the evaporator 22.
- the temperature sensor 32 measures the temperature of the evaporator 22, according to box 102, and provides the temperature to the controller 30. Temperature measurement does not necessarily need to be direct.
- Another physical characteristic of the evaporator 22 can be directly measured that can be related to temperature and used to indicate when the evaporator 22 has reached approximately the freezing point of water. For instance, the pressure inside the evaporator 22 can also be measured and used to indicate the temperature of the evaporator 22. Measuring another physical characteristic of the evaporator 22 as a proxy for temperature is considered to be "measuring the temperature" as stated herein.
- the controller 30 begins calculating the rate of temperature change, according to step 106. This rate can be calculated prior to this point, but proceeding to step 110 requires the temperature of the evaporator 22 to have reached approximately the freezing point of water. Furthermore, the measured temperature need not necessarily be directly compared to determine if the evaporator 22 has reached approximately the freezing point of water. This determination can be made in other ways. For instance, the decrease in positive temperature change rate that occurs in the evaporator 22 at approximately the freezing point of water can be used to determine when the evaporator 22 has reached approximately the freezing point of water. This concept is explained below with regard to FIG. 4.
- the controller 30 continues to receive temperature readings and calculate the rate of temperature change until the rate meets a predetermined condition or criteria.
- the condition can be programmed into the controller 30.
- the controller terminates the defrost function, box 110 of FIG. 3, by restoring normal operation of the refrigeration unit 10.
- the termination temperature floats. Rather than terminating based on a predetermined temperature of the coil, or a predetermine length of time, termination is dependent on the actual point in time ice is melted.
- the schematic graphical depiction of FIG. 4 illustrates the principle behind predetermining the condition.
- the condition is based on qualities regarding the rate at which the temperature of the evaporator 22 rises while and after ice and frost melts off the evaporator 22.
- the evaporator 22 operates well below the freezing point of water.
- the evaporator 22 is heated toward the freezing point of water.
- the rate change can be abrupt. This significant event can be used to mark a point in time where the evaporator reaches approximately the freezing point of water.
- the rate remains reduced until most or all of the ice and frost melts. Because of this rate change, then, in addition to marking the actual temperature of the evaporator 22, marking the rate decrease or the difference between the rates at slope segments 200 and 210 can be used to determine the point in time when the temperature reaches the freezing point of water.
- the rate change is significant, for instance, if it can be identified and distinguished.
- the characteristics of the rate change can vary depending on the configuration of the system, particularly as the configuration relates to the thermal transfer qualities of the system. For instance, using a higher powered resistive heater 38 can speed the melting rate and affect the noticeable change in rate as the evaporator 22 reaches the freezing point of water. Or in another instance, the steadiness in rate of temperature increase before and after it pauses at the temperature of the ice can vary according to the system configuration. Therefore, the rate change is significant if it can be identified, and in particular, if it can be distinguished from any normal fluctuation in the steady rate. One skilled in the art will recognize ways to identify and distinguish the rate change.
- FIG. 4 reflects this significant pause in temperature change by the flatness of the curve over a period of time. Again, the pause can vary, this time depending further on how much ice is on the evaporator. The pause is significant in that it is detectable and distinguishable. At the end of the pause, when the ice and frost has mostly or fully melted, the temperature increase resumes. There occurs a sharp increase in the rate of temperature change. This is the point in time at which the defrost function will be terminated. Similar to the decline when the evaporator temperature approaches the freezing point of water, the increase will be significant.
- This principle can be used to predetermine the condition upon which the controller relies to terminate the defrost function.
- predetermining the termination condition in one embodiment, the value to which the rate increases after the ice fully melts is predetermined and programmed into the controller 30. When the measured rate reaches or exceeds the predetermined rate, the defrost function is terminated.
- a minimum acceleration in temperature change rate is programmed into the controller. When that minimum acceleration is met, the controller terminates the defrost function.
- the pause in temperature rise is detected and used to terminate the defrost function.
- the predetermined condition can be the detection of a pause or disruption in the rate for a length of time.
- the difference between the rates represented by the slope segments 210 and 220 is used to determine when to terminate the defrost function.
- Other alternatives relying on the rate at which temperature changes, as depicted in FIG. 4, are conceived that one skilled in the art would recognize to be equivalent and within the scope of the invention.
- the transition from slope segment 200 through 230 to 240 depicts an instance in which very little ice is present when the evaporator temperature approaches and exceeds the freezing point of water.
- the slope adjusts for a short period of time.
- the transition from slope segment 200 to 250 depicts an instance in which no ice is present.
- the measured temperature of the evaporator 22 can still be used to determine the evaporator 22 has reached the freezing point of water.
- the predetermined condition that the rate of temperature rise would have to meet to signal the controller 30 to terminate the defrost function would be the absence of any significant or detectable change after the evaporator reached approximately the freezing point of water.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Defrosting Systems (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US16126909P | 2009-03-18 | 2009-03-18 | |
PCT/US2010/024058 WO2010107536A2 (en) | 2009-03-18 | 2010-02-12 | Microprocessor controlled defrost termination |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2409095A2 true EP2409095A2 (de) | 2012-01-25 |
EP2409095A4 EP2409095A4 (de) | 2015-07-29 |
EP2409095B1 EP2409095B1 (de) | 2019-04-24 |
Family
ID=42740164
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10753838.1A Active EP2409095B1 (de) | 2009-03-18 | 2010-02-12 | Mikroprozessorgesteuerte abtaubeendigung |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20120042667A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2409095B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN102356288B (de) |
WO (1) | WO2010107536A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9127875B2 (en) * | 2011-02-07 | 2015-09-08 | Electrolux Home Products, Inc. | Variable power defrost heater |
US9387502B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-07-12 | Regal Beloit America, Inc. | Schedule advance for pump motor controller |
US9354636B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-05-31 | Regal Beloit America, Inc. | User-interface for pump system |
US9885351B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2018-02-06 | Regal Beloit America, Inc. | System and method of controlling a pump system using integrated digital inputs |
DE102013218429A1 (de) * | 2013-09-13 | 2015-04-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zum Enteisen einer Wärmepumpe |
CN103591669B (zh) * | 2013-10-18 | 2016-03-30 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | 空调设备的防结霜方法和防结霜装置、空调设备 |
US9933200B2 (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2018-04-03 | Lennox Industries Inc. | Defrost operation management |
KR102173371B1 (ko) * | 2014-01-06 | 2020-11-03 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 냉장고, 및 홈 어플라이언스 |
KR102220911B1 (ko) * | 2014-01-06 | 2021-02-25 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 냉장고, 및 홈 어플라이언스 |
WO2018020653A1 (ja) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-02-01 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 冷凍冷蔵庫 |
DE102016220163A1 (de) * | 2016-10-14 | 2018-04-19 | BSH Hausgeräte GmbH | Kältegerät mit Dörrfunktion und Betriebsverfahren dafür |
KR20180120975A (ko) | 2017-04-28 | 2018-11-07 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 냉장고 및 그 제어 방법 |
KR102418143B1 (ko) * | 2017-04-28 | 2022-07-07 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 냉장고 및 그 제어 방법 |
ES2894502T3 (es) * | 2018-06-22 | 2022-02-14 | Danfoss As | Un procedimiento para finalizar la descongelación de un evaporador |
EP3587962B1 (de) | 2018-06-22 | 2020-12-30 | Danfoss A/S | Verfahren zum beenden der abtauung eines verdampfers unter verwendung von lufttemperaturmessungen |
EP3591316A1 (de) | 2018-07-06 | 2020-01-08 | Danfoss A/S | Vorrichtung zum entfernen von nicht kondensierbaren gasen aus einem kältemittel |
US11002475B1 (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2021-05-11 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Refrigeration system with evaporator temperature sensor failure detection and related methods |
CN111964322B (zh) * | 2020-08-17 | 2022-03-04 | 创历电器(滁州)股份有限公司 | 一种脱冰方法 |
CN114153249B (zh) * | 2022-02-07 | 2022-04-26 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 | 一种高精度的光纤结冰传感器、系统和方法 |
CN114152365B (zh) * | 2022-02-07 | 2022-04-12 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 | 一种临界防冰保护的光纤结冰传感器、系统和方法 |
CN115371338B (zh) * | 2022-07-06 | 2023-07-18 | 西安交通大学 | 一种冰箱除霜控制方法 |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE3001019A1 (de) * | 1980-01-12 | 1981-07-23 | Danfoss A/S, 6430 Nordborg | Abtauvorrichtung fuer den verdampfer einer kaelteanlage |
US4285204A (en) * | 1980-02-28 | 1981-08-25 | Emhart Industries, Inc. | Defrosting problem areas of refrigerated display cases |
US4689965A (en) * | 1985-12-27 | 1987-09-01 | Whirlpool Corporation | Adaptive defrost control for a refrigerator |
US4662184A (en) * | 1986-01-06 | 1987-05-05 | General Electric Company | Single-sensor head pump defrost control system |
US4974418A (en) * | 1988-10-12 | 1990-12-04 | Honeywell Inc. | Heat pump defrosting operation |
US5046324A (en) * | 1990-06-20 | 1991-09-10 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Defrosting controller for refrigeration systems |
JP3103275B2 (ja) * | 1994-09-27 | 2000-10-30 | 株式会社東芝 | 冷蔵庫の除霜装置 |
KR0182534B1 (ko) * | 1994-11-17 | 1999-05-01 | 윤종용 | 냉장고의 제상장치 및 그 제어방법 |
JP3888403B2 (ja) * | 1997-12-18 | 2007-03-07 | 株式会社富士通ゼネラル | 空気調和機の制御方法およびその装置 |
KR100271974B1 (ko) * | 1998-08-31 | 2000-11-15 | 전주범 | 냉장고의 제상 제어방법 |
US6205800B1 (en) * | 1999-05-12 | 2001-03-27 | Carrier Corporation | Microprocessor controlled demand defrost for a cooled enclosure |
BR9906192A (pt) * | 1999-12-13 | 2001-09-18 | Multibras Eletrodomesticos Sa | Sistema e método de degelo automático para aparelho de refrigeração |
US6606870B2 (en) * | 2001-01-05 | 2003-08-19 | General Electric Company | Deterministic refrigerator defrost method and apparatus |
CN1215295C (zh) * | 2001-04-18 | 2005-08-17 | 广东科龙电器股份有限公司 | 一种空调机除霜方法 |
JP4167083B2 (ja) * | 2003-01-31 | 2008-10-15 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 空気調和機および該空気調和機のデフロスト制御方法 |
US7228692B2 (en) * | 2004-02-11 | 2007-06-12 | Carrier Corporation | Defrost mode for HVAC heat pump systems |
JP3786133B1 (ja) * | 2005-03-03 | 2006-06-14 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 空気調和装置 |
US7275376B2 (en) * | 2005-04-28 | 2007-10-02 | Dover Systems, Inc. | Defrost system for a refrigeration device |
-
2010
- 2010-02-12 WO PCT/US2010/024058 patent/WO2010107536A2/en active Application Filing
- 2010-02-12 US US13/202,148 patent/US20120042667A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-02-12 CN CN201080012316.2A patent/CN102356288B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-02-12 EP EP10753838.1A patent/EP2409095B1/de active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2010107536A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2010107536A3 (en) | 2010-11-11 |
CN102356288B (zh) | 2014-03-05 |
EP2409095A4 (de) | 2015-07-29 |
EP2409095B1 (de) | 2019-04-24 |
CN102356288A (zh) | 2012-02-15 |
US20120042667A1 (en) | 2012-02-23 |
WO2010107536A2 (en) | 2010-09-23 |
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