EP2382879A1 - Cigarette - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP2382879A1
EP2382879A1 EP10733399A EP10733399A EP2382879A1 EP 2382879 A1 EP2382879 A1 EP 2382879A1 EP 10733399 A EP10733399 A EP 10733399A EP 10733399 A EP10733399 A EP 10733399A EP 2382879 A1 EP2382879 A1 EP 2382879A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tobacco
salt
shreds
stemmed
cigarette
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10733399A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2382879A4 (fr
Inventor
Yoji Uwano
Shinya Yoshida
Yuta Yoshimura
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Japan Tobacco Inc
Original Assignee
Japan Tobacco Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Japan Tobacco Inc filed Critical Japan Tobacco Inc
Publication of EP2382879A1 publication Critical patent/EP2382879A1/fr
Publication of EP2382879A4 publication Critical patent/EP2382879A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/24—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by extraction; Tobacco extracts
    • A24B15/241—Extraction of specific substances
    • A24B15/246—Polycyclic aromatic compounds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cigarette wherein the amount of benzo[a]pyrene in the mainstream smoke produced during smoking is reduced.
  • Benzo[a]pyrene in the mainstream smoke produced when smoking a cigarette is a material that is desired to be removed or reduced.
  • palladium is an expensive noble metal, like platinum and gold, it is disadvantageous in view of cost. Furthermore, palladium is known as one of the noble metals whose reserves are small, whereas there is much demand for it in the automobile, semiconductor and suchlike industries because of its high catalytic function. Thus, palladium is disadvantageous also in view of procurement.
  • a metal carboxylate salt has been used aiming at reducing the amount of carbon monoxide in the cigarette mainstream smoke.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,489,739 discloses a tobacco composition comprising an alkali metal salt of a carboxylic acid in an amount of 6.5 to 20% in order to reduce the amount of carbon monoxide produced.
  • Jpn. Pat. Appln. KOKAI Publication No. 2006-187260 discloses that an organic alkali metal salt and an inorganic alkali metal salt are incorporated into tobacco shreds in specific amounts in order to reduce the amount of carbon monoxide in the cigarette mainstream smoke.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a cigarette wherein the amount of benzo[a]pyrene in the mainstream smoke produced during smoking is reduced.
  • the present inventors have conducted extensive studies on a material that is effective for reducing the amount of benzo[a]pyrene in the cigarette mainstream smoke, and found that metal salts of lactic acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, acetic acid and formic acid each selectively reduces the amount of benzo[a]pyrene in the cigarette mainstream smoke.
  • a cigarette comprising a tobacco rod comprising a tobacco filler, wherein the tobacco filler comprises stemmed tobacco leaf shreds, and also contains a metal carboxylate salt selected from the group consisting of a metal lactate salt, a tartarate salt, a metal succinate salt, a metal 3-hydroxybutyrate salt, a metal acetate salt and a metal formate salt in an amount of 0.5 to 6.0% by weight of the weight of the stemmed tobacco leaf shreds.
  • a metal carboxylate salt selected from the group consisting of a metal lactate salt, a tartarate salt, a metal succinate salt, a metal 3-hydroxybutyrate salt, a metal acetate salt and a metal formate salt in an amount of 0.5 to 6.0% by weight of the weight of the stemmed tobacco leaf shreds.
  • the metal carboxylate salt used in the present invention can selectively reduce benzo[a]pyrene in the cigarette mainstream smoke. Furthermore, since the metal carboxylate salt used in the present invention is generally more inexpensive than palladium, a cigarette that produces the mainstream smoke in which benzo[a]pyrene has been reduced can be provided more inexpensively.
  • FIG. 1 is an enlarged perspective view schematically illustrating a cigarette according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a cigarette of the present invention comprises a tobacco rod comprising a tobacco filler.
  • the tobacco filler comprises stemmed tobacco leaf shreds, and also comprises a metal carboxylate salt in order to reduce the amount of benzo[a]pyrene in the cigarette mainstream smoke.
  • a tobacco filler used for a cigarette includes stemmed tobacco leaf shreds (cut lamina), tobacco stem shreds, reconstituted tobacco shreds, or a mixture thereof.
  • the stemmed tobacco leaf shreds may be expanded or not expanded.
  • the tobacco filler comprises a metal carboxylate salt in a specified percentage relative to the weight of the stemmed tobacco leaf shreds which produce benzo[a]pyrene in a relatively large amount.
  • the expanded stemmed tobacco leaf shreds are tobacco shreds obtained by expanding the tissue of dried and shrunk cut lamina by means of an expanding agent such as carbon dioxide.
  • the metal carboxylate salt used in the present invention is selected from the group consisting of a metal lactate salt, a metal tartarate salt, a metal succinate salt, a metal 3-hydroxybutyrate salt, a metal acetate salt and a metal formate salt.
  • the metal carboxylate salt is preferably an alkali metal salt, more preferably a potassium salt or sodium salt.
  • the metal carboxylate salt used in the present invention is incorporated in the tobacco filler in an amount of 0.5 to 6.0% by weight of the weight of the stemmed tobacco leaf shreds.
  • benzo[a]pyrene tends to not be reduced significantly.
  • the metal carboxylate salt sufficiently exhibits its effect at the amount up to 6.0% by weight.
  • the metal carboxylate salt is added by an amount exceeding 6% by weight relative to the stemmed tobacco leaf shreds, the effect of reducing benzopyrene is not increased significantly in comparison with the case when added in an amount of 6.0%, and it is not preferable since the inhaled fragrance of the cigarette tends to decrease. It is preferable that the metal carboxylate salt be added in an amount of 2 to 6.0% by weight of the weight of the stemmed tobacco leaf shreds.
  • the tobacco filler used in the present invention comprises expanded and/or non-expanded stemmed tobacco leaf shreds (tobacco mesophyll shreds), and may further comprise tobacco stem shreds, reconstituted tobacco shreds, or a mixture of any of these.
  • the tobacco filler may comprise or consist of the non-expanded stemmed tobacco leaf shreds, may comprise or consist of the expanded stemmed tobacco shreds, may comprise or consist of a mixture of the non-expanded stemmed tobacco leaf shreds and the expanded stemmed tobacco leaf shreds, may comprise or consist of a mixture of the non-expanded stemmed tobacco leaf shreds and the tobacco stem shreds and/or reconstituted tobacco shreds, may comprise or consist of a mixture of the expanded stemmed tobacco shreds and tobacco stem shreds and/or reconstituted tobacco shreds, or may comprise or consist of a mixture of the non-expanded stemmed tobacco leaf shreds and the expanded stemmed tobacco leaf shreds and the tobacco stem shreds and/or reconstituted tobacco shreds.
  • the stemmed tobacco leaf shreds may generally account for 70% or more of the weight of the tobacco filler.
  • the tobacco variety used includes flue-cured tobacco, burley tobacco and the like.
  • the metal carboxylate salt may be added to the stemmed tobacco leaf shreds in advance, which may be mixed with the other tobacco material.
  • the tobacco filler is a blended tobacco constituted by non-expanded stemmed tobacco leaf shreds, expanded stemmed tobacco leaf shreds and tobacco stem shreds of flue-cured tobacco and/or burley tobacco
  • the metal carboxylate salt be added in advance to the mixture of the non-expanded stemmed leaf shreds and the expanded stemmed leaf shreds in an amount of 0.5 to 6.0% by weight, preferably 2 to 6% by weight, of the total weight of the non-expanded stemmed leaf shreds and the expanded stemmed leaf shreds, and the tobacco stem shreds and/or the reconstituted tobacco shreds are incorporated into the obtained mixture.
  • the effect of reducing benzo[a]pyrene is further improved.
  • shreds of a tobacco sheet that is formed by mixing stemmed tobacco leaf shreds, a tobacco fine powder, a binder, an aerosol-forming material and the like in a solvent to form a slurry, and subjecting the slurry to papermaking and rolling may also be used as the tobacco filler.
  • the metal carboxylate salt is added to the tobacco sheet shreds in an amount of 0.5 to 6.0% by weight, preferably 2 to 6% by weight, of the weight of the stemmed tobacco leaf shreds used.
  • a flavorant may be added to the tobacco filler, and for example, menthol may be added.
  • the metal carboxylate salt may be included in the tobacco filler by any suitable technique. For example, an aqueous solution of the metal carboxylate salt may be sprayed on the stemmed tobacco leaf shreds.
  • the tobacco filler comprising the stemmed tobacco leaf shreds to which the metal carboxylate salt has been added is subjected to humidity conditioning, and thereafter subjected to the preparation of cigarettes.
  • the cigarette of the present invention can be prepared by a conventional method for the preparation of cigarettes, except that the tobacco filler comprising the carboxylic acid is used as a tobacco filler.
  • the tobacco filler comprising the metal carboxylate salt of the present invention is wrapped in a cigarette paper in a rod shape (generally, columnar).
  • a cigarette paper any cigarette paper based on pulp such as flax pulp that is used for conventional cigarettes may be used.
  • the cigarette paper may comprise a conventionally-used filler material such as a carbonate such as calcium carbonate or potassium carbonate, or a hydroxide such as calcium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide, in an amount of 2 g/m 2 or more.
  • the filler may be included in the cigarette paper in an amount of 2 to 8 g/ m 2 .
  • the cigarette paper generally has a basis weight of 22 g/ m 2 or more. The basis weight is generally 80 g/ m 2 or less.
  • the intrinsic air permeability of the cigarette paper is generally from 10 to 60 Coresta units.
  • a burn-adjusting agent such as citric acid or a salt thereof (sodium salt, potassium salt) can be added to the cigarette paper.
  • a burn-adjusting agent such as citric acid or a salt thereof (sodium salt, potassium salt)
  • it is added in an amount of 2% by weight or less to the cigarette paper.
  • FIG. 1 is an enlarged perspective view schematically illustrating a cigarette according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the cigarette is not to scale.
  • the cigarette 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 comprises a cigarette rod 12 comprising a tobacco rod (a columnar rod in FIG. 1 ) 121 comprising the tobacco filler comprising the metal carboxylate salt of the present invention and a cigarette paper 122 wrapping the tobacco rod.
  • the cigarette rod 12 generally has a circumference of 17 to 26 mm, and a length of 49 to 90 mm.
  • a conventional tobacco filter 16 can be attached to the proximal end 12a (i.e., the downstream end of the direction of smoke inhalation) of the cigarette rod 12 by a tipping paper 14. Ventilation holes (not illustrated) can be formed in the tipping paper 14 in the circumferential direction of the cigarette in order to draw in external air to dilute the mainstream smoke from the cigarette.
  • the cigarette of the present invention can selectively reduce benzo[a]pyrene in the mainstream smoke.
  • the alkali metal carboxylate salts shown in Table 1 were used as the metal carboxylate salt, and stemmed tobacco leaf shreds of flue-cured tobacco were used as the tobacco filler.
  • the alkali metal carboxylate salt shown in Table 1 was dissolved in 20 mL of ultrapure water, and the solution was sprayed on 50 g of stemmed tobacco leaf shreds of flue-cured tobacco.
  • the alkali metal carboxylate salt was added to the stemmed tobacco leaf shreds in an amount of 5% of the weight of the stemmed tobacco leaf shreds.
  • the stemmed tobacco leaf shreds to which the alkali metal carboxylate salt had been added was subjected to humidity conditioning in a conditioning room at a room temperature of 22°C under a relative humidity of 60% for 48 hours or more. Using the stemmed tobacco leaf shreds after the humidity conditioning and a conventional cigarette paper, cigarette rods were prepared by hand work.
  • the amount used of the tobacco shreds to which the alkali metal carboxylate salt had been added was 735 mg per cigarette rod, the length of the cigarette rod was 57 mm, and the circumference of the cigarette rod was 25 mm.
  • a tobacco filter (length 27 mm) having a cellulose acetate tow as a filter material was attached to one end of each of these cigarette rods with a tipping paper on which ventilation holes had been formed, whereby cigarettes were obtained.
  • a cigarette was prepared in a similar manner by using 700 mg of the same stemmed tobacco leaf shreds of flue-cured tobacco as those used in Examples 1 to 5 except that the alkali metal carboxylate salt had not been added.
  • alkali metal carboxylate salts as shown in Table 2 were used as the metal carboxylate salt.
  • a cigarette was prepared in a similar manner by using 700 mg of the same stemmed tobacco leaf shreds of flue-cured tobacco as those used in Examples 6 to 10 except that the alkali metal carboxylate salt had not been added.
  • the cellulose acetate tow was removed from the filter of each of the cigarettes prepared in Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and the ventilation holes in the tipping paper were occluded with an adhesive tape. Then, the cigarettes were subjected to the following operations.
  • the cigarettes were smoked by a 10-channel linear smoking machine (SM 410, manufactured by Cerulean) having a particulate matter-collecting device equipped with a Cambridge filter (the weight thereof was measured in advance) to trap particulate matters in the Cambridge filter.
  • the cigarette had a puff duration of 2 seconds and a puff volume of 35 mL per puff, and a puff interval of 60 seconds.
  • the cigarette was burned over only a length of 49 mm from the tip of the cigarette, and the number of puffs for the cigarette was measured and the average value thereof was calculated.
  • Tables 1 and 2 The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
  • the total weight of the particulate matters was calculated by measuring the weight of the Cambridge filter in which the particulate matters had been collected, and subtracting, from that weight, the weight of the Cambridge filter that had been measured in advance.
  • Benzo[a]pyrene was analyzed by a gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) as described below for Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and analyzed by a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as d below for Examples 11 to 16 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 as mentioned below.
  • GC-MS gas chromatography mass spectroscopy
  • HPLC high-performance liquid chromatography
  • An isopropanol extract liquid of the particulate matters was obtained in a similar manner to that in the analyses of tar and nicotine.
  • An internal standard solution a methanol solution of deutrated benzo[a]pyrene
  • 14 mL of ultrapure water were added to 6 mL of the extract liquid to prepare a test solution.
  • the test solution was loaded on a CH column (MEGA BE-CH, 1GM 6 ML, manufactured by Varian). The column was dried and then eluted with 5 mL of cyclohexane.
  • the eluate was loaded on an Si column (Sep-Pak Vac 3cc [500 mg] Silica Cartridge, manufactured by Waters), and eluted with 5 mL of a mixed solvent of dichloromethane/cyclohexane (1/4).
  • the eluate was concentrated, and quantitatively determined by an internal standard method using a GC-MS (6890N, manufactured by Agilent).
  • Cyclohexane was added to the Cambridge filter in which the particulate matters had been collected so that the concentration of the particulate matters became about 1 mg/mL, and extraction was carried out for 30 minutes under shaking.
  • the extract liquid was filtered with a membrane filter of 0.45 ⁇ m, and 8 mL of the filtrate was collected by using a glass syringe to which a solid-phase extraction cartridge (Sep-Pak NH2 plus, manufactured by Waters) had been connected, and recovered through the cartridge.
  • the cartridge used was washed with 7 mL of hexane, and the wash liquid was combined with the recovered filtrate.
  • Table 1 Alkali metal carboxylate salt Puff number Tar Nicotine Benzo[a]pyrene mg/cigarette mg/cigarette ng/cigarette %a) Comp. Ex. 1 - 7.8 29.3 3.35 22.1 Ex. 1 Potassium lactate 8.2 28.9 3.21 17.4 -21 Ex. 2 Sodium lactate 8.7 28.8 3.28 17.3 -22 Ex. 3 potassium tartarate 7.7 26.8 2.91 17.4 -21 Ex. 4 Sodium tartarate 8.4 27.1 2.86 16.2 -27 Ex.
  • addition amount weight percentage relative to the weight of the stemmed tobacco leaf shreds
  • blended tobaccos A and B constituted by non-expanded stemmed leaf shreds, expanded stemmed tobacco leaf shreds and stems of flue-cured tobacco and burley tobacco were prepared.
  • Blended tobaccos A and B are different in the kind and incorporation ratio of the tobacco shreds.
  • an aqueous solution of potassium lactate was sprayed with a spray nozzle on 10 kg of a mixture of the non-expanded shreds and expanded shreds while the mixture was stirred in a mixer. After completion of the spraying, the mixture was dried in a large-sized drier, and stems were incorporated to prepare the blended tobacco.
  • the addition amounts of potassium lactate relative to the stemmed tobacco leaf shreds are shown in Table 3.
  • a cigarette rod with a filter was manufactured by a cigarette making machine using blended tobacco A or B prepared as above in the amount shown in Table 3 (amount per cigarette), using a conventional cigarette paper as a cigarette paper, using a cellulose acetate filter as a filter and using a conventional tipping paper as a tipping paper.
  • the length of each cigarette rod was 57 mm, the circumference of the cigarette rod was 25 mm, and the length of the filter was 27 mm.
  • Cigarettes were prepared in the same manner as in Examples 11 to 16 using blended tobaccos A and B, to which potassium lactate had not been added, in the amounts shown in Table 3, respectively.
  • Table 3 Addition amount of potassium lactate weight of tobacco filler % by weight mg/cigarette Blended tobacco A Comp. Ex. 3 0 474 Ex. 11 0.5 478 Ex. 12 2.4 487 Ex. 13 4.8 504 Blended tobacco B Comp. Ex. 4 0 632 Ex. 14 1.1 639 Ex. 15 3.2 650 Ex. 16 5.3 663

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
EP10733399.9A 2009-01-23 2010-01-06 Cigarette Withdrawn EP2382879A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2009013594 2009-01-23
PCT/JP2010/050065 WO2010084792A1 (fr) 2009-01-23 2010-01-06 Cigarette

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2382879A1 true EP2382879A1 (fr) 2011-11-02
EP2382879A4 EP2382879A4 (fr) 2014-02-19

Family

ID=42355846

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10733399.9A Withdrawn EP2382879A4 (fr) 2009-01-23 2010-01-06 Cigarette

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20110271970A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2382879A4 (fr)
JP (1) JPWO2010084792A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20110094118A (fr)
CN (1) CN102292001A (fr)
TW (1) TW201032738A (fr)
WO (1) WO2010084792A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013142483A1 (fr) * 2012-03-19 2013-09-26 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Procédé de traitement de pulpe de tabac extraite et produits de tabac fabriqués à l'aide de ce procédé
US10070664B2 (en) 2014-07-17 2018-09-11 Nicoventures Holdings Limited Electronic vapor provision system

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113142679A (zh) * 2013-12-05 2021-07-23 尤尔实验室有限公司 用于气雾剂装置的尼古丁液体制剂及其方法
ES2808125T3 (es) 2016-08-17 2021-02-25 Philip Morris Products Sa Artículo generador de aerosol que tiene un nuevo sustrato de tabaco

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US4397321A (en) * 1981-08-24 1983-08-09 Celanese Corporation Smoking preparations
US4489739A (en) * 1982-05-24 1984-12-25 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Smokable tobacco composition and method of making
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US20050061338A1 (en) * 2003-06-18 2005-03-24 Olegario Raquel M. Reduction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in tobacco smoke using palladium salts
WO2006046149A2 (fr) * 2004-10-25 2006-05-04 Philip Morris Products S.A. Additifs pour scaferlati
JP2006187260A (ja) * 2005-01-07 2006-07-20 Japan Tobacco Inc シガレット
WO2008146173A2 (fr) * 2007-05-31 2008-12-04 Philip Morris Products S.A. Articles à fumer et méthode pour incorporer des sels de métaux des terres rares afin de réduire la cytotoxicité de la matière particulaire totale et la teneur de composants cibles dans la fumée de tabac

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GB1078340A (en) * 1965-07-06 1967-08-09 Mccord Internat Ltd Removal of carcinogens from gas streams
DE2944917A1 (de) * 1979-11-07 1981-05-21 B.A.T. Cigaretten-Fabriken Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg Verfahren zur herstellung eines tabaks
US4397321A (en) * 1981-08-24 1983-08-09 Celanese Corporation Smoking preparations
US4489739A (en) * 1982-05-24 1984-12-25 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Smokable tobacco composition and method of making
CN1035039A (zh) * 1987-12-14 1989-08-30 华中工学院 一种降低卷烟中焦油含量的复合添加剂
CN1121159A (zh) * 1995-05-29 1996-04-24 李福春 瓶装液化石油气低频脉冲式雾化汽化装置
US20050061338A1 (en) * 2003-06-18 2005-03-24 Olegario Raquel M. Reduction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in tobacco smoke using palladium salts
WO2006046149A2 (fr) * 2004-10-25 2006-05-04 Philip Morris Products S.A. Additifs pour scaferlati
JP2006187260A (ja) * 2005-01-07 2006-07-20 Japan Tobacco Inc シガレット
WO2008146173A2 (fr) * 2007-05-31 2008-12-04 Philip Morris Products S.A. Articles à fumer et méthode pour incorporer des sels de métaux des terres rares afin de réduire la cytotoxicité de la matière particulaire totale et la teneur de composants cibles dans la fumée de tabac

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Title
See also references of WO2010084792A1 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013142483A1 (fr) * 2012-03-19 2013-09-26 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Procédé de traitement de pulpe de tabac extraite et produits de tabac fabriqués à l'aide de ce procédé
US10070664B2 (en) 2014-07-17 2018-09-11 Nicoventures Holdings Limited Electronic vapor provision system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102292001A (zh) 2011-12-21
TW201032738A (en) 2010-09-16
EP2382879A4 (fr) 2014-02-19
WO2010084792A1 (fr) 2010-07-29
US20110271970A1 (en) 2011-11-10
JPWO2010084792A1 (ja) 2012-07-19
KR20110094118A (ko) 2011-08-19

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